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<mods:title id="C035CB0698A0E41AEB026598323128F9">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4627685" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180662501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4627685" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E5AFF92FD5D76B9FBA014F4" box="[750,1110,675,698]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5AFF92FD5D76B9FBA014F4" ID-CoL="63GCT" ID-ENA="190664" authority="Hartlaub" authorityName="Hartlaub" box="[750,1110,675,698]" class="Aves" genus="Astrilda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nonnula">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FD5D76B9FBA014F4" bold="true" box="[750,1110,675,698]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCBC14F7" bold="true" box="[750,842,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Astrilda</emphasis>
(sic)
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FC3F76B9FC1314F7" bold="true" box="[908,997,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">nonnula</emphasis>
Hartlaub
</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5AFF92FD2876CAFCF314B2" ID-CoL="63GCT" authority="Hartlaub, 1883: 425 (Kudurma)" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1883" class="Aves" genus="Astrilda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nonnula">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FD2876CAFD1B14A9" box="[667,749,720,740]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Astrilda</emphasis>
(sic)
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FC8276CAFC7714A9" box="[817,897,720,740]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">nonnula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FC3D76CBFB9C14A9" author="Hartlaub, G." box="[910,1130,721,740]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="425 - 426" refId="ref119379" refString="Hartlaub, G. 1883. Diagnosen einiger neuer Vogel aus dem ostlich-aequatorialen Africa. Journal fur Ornithologie 31: 425 - 426." type="journal article" year="1883">Hartlaub, 1883: 425</bibRefCitation>
(Kudurma)
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5AFF92FD287712FC251521" blockId="94.[667,1193,720,876]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="83FF11989E5AFF92FD287712FC251521" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
Now
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5AFF92FD66771DFB8A1556" ID-CoL="5H7CW" authority="Hartlaub, 1883" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1883" box="[725,1148,775,795]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nonnula" subSpecies="nonnula">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FD66771DFC221556" box="[725,980,775,795]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Estrilda nonnula nonnula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FC697712FB8A1556" author="Hartlaub, G." box="[986,1148,776,795]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="425 - 426" refId="ref119379" refString="Hartlaub, G. 1883. Diagnosen einiger neuer Vogel aus dem ostlich-aequatorialen Africa. Journal fur Ornithologie 31: 425 - 426." type="journal article" year="1883">Hartlaub, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. See
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<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FD067739FC66157B" author="Hartert, E." box="[693,912,803,822]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="123 - 178" refId="ref119004" refString="Hartert, E. 1919 a. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. B. Types in the general collection. Novitates Zoologicae 26: 123 - 178." type="journal article" year="1919">Hartert, 1919a: 142</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5AFF92FC117739FB53157B" author="Mayr, E. &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; M. A. Traylor &amp; African" box="[930,1189,803,822]" page="346" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FC117739FB53157B" author="Mayr, E. &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; M. A. Traylor &amp; African" box="[930,1189,803,822]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="306 - 390" refId="ref123101" refString="Mayr, E. [Australo-Papuan]., R. A. Paynter, Jr. [Oriental], and M. A. Traylor [African]. 1968. Family Estrildidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr. (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 14: 306 - 390. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 433 pp." type="book chapter" year="1968">Mayr et al., 1968: 346</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5AFF92FD067724FC67151C" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[693,913,830,849]" page="731" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FD067724FC67151C" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[693,913,830,849]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref116121" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (editor). 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson, 2003: 731</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5AFF92FC287724FD2A1521" author="Fry, C. H. &amp; S. Keith" page="305" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FC287724FD2A1521" author="Fry, C. H. &amp; S. Keith" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref116661" refString="Fry, C. H., and S. Keith (editors). 2004. The birds of Africa, vol. 7. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, xxi + 666 pp., 36 pls." type="book" year="2004">Fry and Keith, 2004: 305 307</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5AFF92FD5A7743FC391521" author="Payne, R. B." box="[745,975,857,876]" page="321" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FD5A7743FC391521" author="Payne, R. B." box="[745,975,857,876]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="299 - 377" refId="ref124981" refString="Payne, R. B. 2010. Family Estrildidae (waxbills), species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, vol. 15, weavers to New World warblers: 299 - 377. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2010">Payne, 2010: 321322</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E5AFF92FD0B779CFC26127E" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5AFF92FD0B779CFC26127E" blockId="94.[667,1194,902,1759]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<materialsCitation id="13873CEB9E5AFF92FD0B779CFC26127E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3059738448" collectingDate="1882-11-12" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Sudan" county="From" latitude="4.45" location="Kudurma" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="29.35" municipality="Emin Pasha" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" specimenCode="AMNH 451799" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E5AFF92FD0B779CFCCE15D0" box="[696,824,902,926]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FCE47792FBEC15D0" bold="true" box="[855,1050,904,925]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="F3499ECD9E5AFF92FCE47792FBEC15D0" box="[855,1050,904,925]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 451799</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
, immature female, collected at
<location id="A630606D9E5AFF92FC0A77BCFBD815F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092:A630606D9E5AFF92FC0A77BCFBD815F1" box="[953,1070,934,956]" country="Sudan" county="From" latitude="4.45" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="29.35" municipality="Emin Pasha" name="Kudurma" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Kudurma</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6DB50719E5AFF92FBFE77BCFB5215F1" box="[1101,1188,934,956]" degrees="04.45" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="4.45">04.45N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6DB50719E5AFF92FD2877D9FD1D1594" box="[667,747,963,985]" degrees="29.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="29.35">29.35E</geoCoordinate>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FCB277DEFC401594" author="Chapin, J. P." box="[769,950,963,986]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="638 - 738" refId="ref113973" refString="Chapin, J. P. 1954 a. Gazetteer of African localities mentioned in Parts 1 to 4 [of '' The birds of the Belgian Congo' ']. In Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 75 B: 638 - 738." type="book chapter" year="1954">Chapin, 1954a</bibRefCitation>
),
<location id="A630606D9E5AFF92FC6377DEFB881597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092:A630606D9E5AFF92FC6377DEFB881597" box="[976,1150,964,986]" country="Sudan" county="From" latitude="4.45" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="29.35" municipality="Emin Pasha" name="southern Bahr" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">southern Bahr</location>
el-
<location id="A630606D9E5AFF92FD2877FBFD0415BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5AFF92FD5D76B9FCFF1092:A630606D9E5AFF92FD2877FBFD0415BA" box="[667,754,993,1015]" country="Sudan" county="From" latitude="4.45" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="29.35" municipality="Emin Pasha" name="Ghazal" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Ghazal</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="DBF876269E5AFF92FCB777FBFCA715BA" box="[772,849,993,1015]" name="Sudan" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Sudan</collectingCountry>
, on
<date id="D75110769E5AFF92FC3C77FBFB8D15BB" box="[911,1147,993,1015]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1882-11-12">
<collectingDate id="C715E99E9E5AFF92FC3C77FBFB8D15BB" box="[911,1147,993,1015]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1882-11-12">12 November 1882</collectingDate>
</date>
, by
<collectingMunicipality id="4334ACCC9E5AFF92FD2877E5FCDC1258" box="[667,810,1023,1045]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Emin Pasha</collectingMunicipality>
(5 Emin Bey) (no. 269).
<collectingCounty id="4A314E3A9E5AFF92FBD477E5FB5F1259" box="[1127,1193,1023,1044]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">From</collectingCounty>
the Rothschild Collection.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E5AFF92FD0B7023FCFF1092" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5AFF92FD0B7023FCFF1092" blockId="94.[667,1194,902,1759]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
COMMENTS: In the original description, Hartlaub described a single individual and said that it was an adult male, but the description applies to an immature bird. AMNH 451799 is an immature individual and matches the bird shown in
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FB8D70CAFCE0134E" author="Hartlaub, G." pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="303 - 348" refId="ref119403" refString="Hartlaub, G. 1887. Dritter Beitrag zur Ornithologie der ostlich-aequatorialen Gebiete Afrikas. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Zeitschrift fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 2: 303 - 348, pls. 11 - 14." type="journal article" year="1887">Hartlaub (1887: 321</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 13). Emins female symbol, as usual, is an upside-down male symbol, probably misinterpreted by Hartlaub. Emins label has the name
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5AFF92FC08715CFD121337" authority="Hartl." authorityName="Hartl." class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Habropyga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nonnula">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5AFF92FC08715CFB5F1310" box="[955,1193,1350,1373]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Habropyga nonnula</emphasis>
Hartl.
</taxonomicName>
written on it in a hand I do not recognize. It is the only Emin specimen of this form that came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection, and I measure the wing as
<quantity id="64179B539E5AFF92FD4C71C1FCA713BC" box="[767,849,1499,1521]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="46.0">46 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="64179B539E5AFF92FCD171C1FC4013BC" box="[866,950,1499,1521]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
given by Hartlaub).
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FD2871E3FC661042" author="Hartert, E." box="[667,912,1529,1551]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="123 - 178" refId="ref119004" refString="Hartert, E. 1919 a. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. B. Types in the general collection. Novitates Zoologicae 26: 123 - 178." type="journal article" year="1919">Hartert (1919a: 142)</bibRefCitation>
considered it the type, adding Emins field number, which was not cited by Hartlaub. Types of all the other forms described at that time by
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5AFF92FB8D7248FCAE10CB" author="Hartlaub, G." pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="425 - 426" refId="ref119379" refString="Hartlaub, G. 1883. Diagnosen einiger neuer Vogel aus dem ostlich-aequatorialen Africa. Journal fur Ornithologie 31: 425 - 426." type="journal article" year="1883">Hartlaub (1883: 425426)</bibRefCitation>
came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection, so there seems to be no reason to doubt that this specimen is the
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E5AFF92FD2872D3FCF31092" box="[667,773,1737,1759]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>