143 lines
26 KiB
XML
143 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="86AA7F99718F8AEAD135061439240952" ID-DOI="10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a24" ID-ISSN="1777-571X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14224922" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2B717B98-889C-4842-B6EB-F8F777AFCBE4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1732637979261" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Čerňanský, Andrej" docDate="2024" docId="2A7A87DB8C4BFFE0FE83C411FEEFDBFD" docLanguage="en" docName="CRPalevol.23.24.385-399.pdf" docOrigin="Comptes Rendus Palevol 23 (24)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a24" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD.1:CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD" docStyleName="CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Dolichophis undetermined" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="390" masterDocId="D643FFA38C4CFFE9FFE6C744FF8EDC16" masterDocTitle="The first lacertid and partly articulated snake from the Middle Miocene of the Devínska Kobyla Hill in Slovakia, from the type locality of the earliest known seal" masterLastPageNumber="399" masterPageNumber="385" pageNumber="390" updateTime="1732796003367" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="388E496C5602B5347D3DE1C7C162F5CE">
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<mods:title id="8388B62562833B6F5C8712C35275985A">The first lacertid and partly articulated snake from the Middle Miocene of the Devínska Kobyla Hill in Slovakia, from the type locality of the earliest known seal</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F5A28B79CAC31FCFBE4AC5AB0045C773" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D7016AA2A131E53C5F197D687425ED73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3DA99097B794090A856010B4EE5AE968">Čerňanský, Andrej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDA883B718BF5789B2BFAFB2BE015A08">Department of Ecology, Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 84215, Bratislava (Slovakia)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E3EBF16BCF5662293C00EA45218E4A59" type="email">cernansky.paleontology@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C74D8F1AC2AE8EFCA3EE230C10DEF6CA">Comptes Rendus Palevol</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="96F24E5A0EAAF1170261292FA15D2FF5">
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<mods:date id="EECCE16157E221B3D1401A0E62B36933">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4B932794DDF26D52457F1444F45C155A">2024-09-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3BF592DCD90646168492F6AF54530E76">24</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="057720E38C2ECCBFF18EF3B5CBA48291">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D17C030BF3D81DD0485F4BEE31018A8F" type="DOI">10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a24</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2A7A87DB8C4BFFE0FE83C411FEEFDBFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14232215" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14232215" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A7A87DB8C4BFFE0FE83C411FEEFDBFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A7A87DB8C4BFFE0FE83C411FEEFDBFD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<subSubSection id="EAC965468C4BFFEEFE83C411FDA8DF66" box="[357,550,853,880]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFE83C411FDA8DF66" blockId="7.[357,550,853,880]" box="[357,550,853,880]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<heading id="F92481A18C4BFFEEFE83C411FDA8DF66" box="[357,550,853,880]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" reason="2">
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="65D34D4E8C4BFFEEFE61C411FDA8DF66" box="[391,550,853,880]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dolichophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="90A7EADF8C4BFFEEFE61C411FD8FDF79" box="[391,513,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Dolichophis</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EAC965468C4BFFEEFE77C432FE74DF86" box="[401,506,885,912]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFE77C432FE74DF86" blockId="7.[401,506,885,912]" box="[401,506,885,912]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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(
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFE7CC431FE7FDF86" box="[410,497,885,912]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStartId-0="6.[132,143,1986,2003]" captionStartId-1="8.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionStartId-2="9.[132,143,1644,1661]" captionStartId-3="10.[132,143,1963,1980]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1403,215,1915]" captionTargetBox-1="[237,1350,215,1858]" captionTargetBox-2="[132,1445,197,1616]" captionTargetBox-3="[225,1362,219,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-77@6.[703,1243,781,1350]" captionTargetId-1="figure-170@8.[236,795,759,1307]" captionTargetId-2="figure-261@9.[771,1402,789,1330]" captionTargetId-3="figure-131@10.[789,1350,788,1356]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionText-0="FIG. 2. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, the prepared block of sediment, containing the specimen exposed in dorsal view; B, CT visualization of the whole specimen. Scale bar: A, B, 4 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 3. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality. The best preserved vertebra with fairly complete neural spine: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block; B, photography of the best preserved vertebra in situ (dorsal aspect); C-G, virtual 3D model of the vertebra: C, anterior view with coronal slice of: C1, anterior portion with the cotyle and zygosphene; C2, anterior portion with paradiapophyses; C3, mid-region of the vertebra with haemal keel; D, posterior; E, dorsal; F, lateral with detail of the neural spine in situ; G, ventral views. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C-G, 0.95 mm; C1, C3, 0.85 mm; C2, 0.7 mm; F1, 0.6 mm." captionText-2="FIG. 4. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block with indication of the segmented vertebra; B-E, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, anterior; E, lateral views; F, G, the anterior section of the vertebral column in: F, dorsal; G, anterior views. Scale bars: A, 2.5 mm; B-F, 1 mm; G, 500 μm." captionText-3="FIG. 5. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A-C, the vertebral column from the upper part of the block in: A, dorsal view; B, coronal slice of the mid-section of the vertebra; C, the posterior and best preserved vertebra in this section in situ; D-H, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: D, dorsal; E, ventral; F, anterior; G, posterior; H, lateral views. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 0.4 mm; C, 1 mm; D-H, 0.8 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Figs 2-5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EAC965468C4BFFEEFF62C484FDC9D897" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFF62C484FEE9D830" blockId="7.[132,777,959,1062]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<materialsCitation id="12BB3C908C4BFFEEFF62C484FEEDD830" country="Slovakia" location="Devinska Nova Ves, Bonanza site" municipality="Bratislava" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" specimenCount="1">
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<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFF15C481FED7DFC0" baselines="978" box="[243,345,965,982]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="examined" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">EXAMINED</smallCapsWord>
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="DAC4765D8C4BFFEEFE6BC4FBFE6FDFC1" box="[397,481,959,983]" name="Slovakia" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
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•
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<collectingMunicipality id="4208ACB78C4BFFEEFE1DC4FBFDD1DFC1" box="[507,607,959,983]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Bratislava</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="A70C60168C4BFFEEFD8AC4FBFEB2DFE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A7A87DB8C4BFFE0FE83C411FEEFDBFD:A70C60168C4BFFEEFD8AC4FBFEB2DFE7" country="Slovakia" municipality="Bratislava" name="Devinska Nova Ves, Bonanza site" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Devínska Nová Ves, Bonanza site</location>
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;
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<geologicalTimeScale id="D0F3B6668C4BFFEEFEAFC49DFE7DDFE7" box="[329,499,985,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Middle Miocene</geologicalTimeScale>
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(MN 6b);
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<geologicalTimeScale id="D0F3B6668C4BFFEEFD8EC49EFC8ADFE4" box="[616,772,986,1010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">SNM Z 29222</geologicalTimeScale>
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, articulated portion of the vertebral column together with ribs in firm tabular limestone
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFF62C30BFDC9D897" blockId="7.[132,775,1103,1153]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFF62C30BFF6DD873" baselines="1120,1121" box="[132,227,1103,1126]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Locality" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFF0CC310FE9AD873" baselines="1121" box="[234,276,1108,1125]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">AND</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFEFDC310FEF8D873" baselines="1121" box="[283,374,1108,1125]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="DAC4765D8C4BFFEEFE43C30BFE77D871" box="[421,505,1103,1127]" name="Slovakia" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
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, Bratislava, Devínska Nová Ves, Bonanza site; Middle Miocene (
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<collectionCode id="C4C2AE088C4BFFEEFE0AC32DFD96D897" box="[492,536,1129,1153]" country="Brazil" name="Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">MN</collectionCode>
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6b).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="EAC965468C4BFFEEFF62C3F1FB42DB3A" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFF62C3F1FE9BD8DB" blockId="7.[130,777,1205,2028]" box="[132,277,1205,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFF62C3F1FE9BD8DB" baselines="1224,1224" box="[132,277,1205,1231]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFF62C390FF57D8F8" blockId="7.[130,777,1205,2028]" box="[132,217,1236,1262]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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<emphasis id="90A7EADF8C4BFFEEFF62C390FF57D8F8" box="[132,217,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Skeleton</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFF62C3B0FB5FD9BB" blockId="7.[130,777,1205,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[811,1458,216,1837]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
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The postcranial skeleton is mostly articulated (
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFD56C3B0FD7BD918" box="[688,757,1268,1294]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1986,2003]" captionTargetBox="[168,1403,215,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-77@6.[703,1243,781,1350]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, the prepared block of sediment, containing the specimen exposed in dorsal view; B, CT visualization of the whole specimen. Scale bar: A, B, 4 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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), although weathered. It represents a small snake, the maximum anteroposterior length of the best preserved vertebra being
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<quantity id="652B9B288C4BFFEEFF62C210FF6ED978" box="[132,224,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
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. The whole specimen is embedded in limestone – unfortunately, the computed tomography reconstructions show that the rock density value is similar to that of the fossil. Even so, the exposed portions and CT revealed, at least partly, the morphology of these vertebrae. Eight and half vertebrae are preserved in the upper part of the slab, whereas nine and half are preserved in the lower part of the slab. The latter ones are larger, but only four have preserved the neural arch. The neural arch is moderately vaulted. The dorsal region of the neural arch is more-or-less flattened and bears the neural spine along its central section. The neural spine appears to be more-or-less trapezoidal in lateral view, but markedly low – in the fourth vertebra (counted from posterior) with fairly complete neural spine, its anteroposterior length (
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<quantity id="652B9B288C4BFFEEFF31C056FEBCDB3B" box="[215,306,1810,1837]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
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;
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFED9C056FEF0DB3A" box="[319,382,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,215,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-170@8.[236,795,759,1307]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality. The best preserved vertebra with fairly complete neural spine: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block; B, photography of the best preserved vertebra in situ (dorsal aspect); C-G, virtual 3D model of the vertebra: C, anterior view with coronal slice of: C1, anterior portion with the cotyle and zygosphene; C2, anterior portion with paradiapophyses; C3, mid-region of the vertebra with haemal keel; D, posterior; E, dorsal; F, lateral with detail of the neural spine in situ; G, ventral views. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C-G, 0.95 mm; C1, C3, 0.85 mm; C2, 0.7 mm; F1, 0.6 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) is approximatelly four times larger than its height. Its anterior and posterior margins are almost vertical, although note that the base of the anterior margin is slightly concave. Anteriorly, the neural spine starts to rise dorsally in the first quarter of its length and thus leaves a short, flat area of the neural arch anterior to the base of the neural spine. Here, at the anterior end, the zygosphenal lip is well developed. It is slightly convex, having two small lateral lobes. In the vertebrae, in which it is preserved, there is no indication of the presence of a median notch. The zygosphenal articular facets are steep and markedly dorsally inclined to agle of around 50° from a horizontal plane (
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFCD0C633FC26DD87" box="[822,936,375,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionTargetBox="[237,1350,215,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-170@8.[236,795,759,1307]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality. The best preserved vertebra with fairly complete neural spine: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block; B, photography of the best preserved vertebra in situ (dorsal aspect); C-G, virtual 3D model of the vertebra: C, anterior view with coronal slice of: C1, anterior portion with the cotyle and zygosphene; C2, anterior portion with paradiapophyses; C3, mid-region of the vertebra with haemal keel; D, posterior; E, dorsal; F, lateral with detail of the neural spine in situ; G, ventral views. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C-G, 0.95 mm; C1, C3, 0.85 mm; C2, 0.7 mm; F1, 0.6 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 3C, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFC4FC633FC39DD87" box="[937,951,375,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[132,143,1447,1464]" captionTargetBox="[149,1456,198,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-394@4.[701,1255,769,1312]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — A left maxilla SNM Z 29221 of cf. Lacerta sp. from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, the prepared block of sediment, containing the specimen with details of the anterior teeth (the specimen is exposed in medial views whereas imprint shows the external surface);B, CT visualization of the whole specimen; C, virtual 3D model of the preserved bones in medial views; D, posterior region of the maxilla in lateral view.Scale bars:A-C, 1.5 mm;A1, A2, 200 μm; D, 0.6 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">1</figureCitation>
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). In anterior view, the zygosphene is distinctly wider than the cotyle. The neural canal is large, tunnel like, its width is more-or-less equal to its height (mostly observed in cross-section µCT slices of this region). The zygantral area is poorly preserved in this section. A potential presence of a paracotylar foramen cannot be properly observed. The interzygapophyseal constriction is well developed as well as interzygapophyseal ridges. Prezygapophyses are anterolaterally oriented and the prezygapophyseal accessory processes are well-developed, narrow and pointed distally. Their length can be estimated to reach almost the length of the prezygapophyseal articulations. The prezygapophyseal articulations are almost horizontal, inclined in an angle of only 10° from the horizontal plane. Paradiapophyses are not well preserved. Note, however, that the parapophyses are damaged in most of the vertebrae and their shape is unknown. One exception is the third vertebra in the larger column (
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFC69C4D1FC43DFB9" box="[911,973,917,943]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1644,1661]" captionTargetBox="[132,1445,197,1616]" captionTargetId="figure-261@9.[771,1402,789,1330]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 4. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block with indication of the segmented vertebra; B-E, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, anterior; E, lateral views; F, G, the anterior section of the vertebral column in: F, dorsal; G, anterior views. Scale bars: A, 2.5 mm; B-F, 1 mm; G, 500 μm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). They are moderately developed. A division into diapophyses and parapophyses can be recognized, being well developed (
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<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFBD3C491FB1ADFF9" box="[1077,1172,981,1007]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1644,1661]" captionTargetBox="[132,1445,197,1616]" captionTargetId="figure-261@9.[771,1402,789,1330]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 4. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, virtual CT visualization of the posterior section of the vertebral column located in the lower portion of the block with indication of the segmented vertebra; B-E, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, anterior; E, lateral views; F, G, the anterior section of the vertebral column in: F, dorsal; G, anterior views. Scale bars: A, 2.5 mm; B-F, 1 mm; G, 500 μm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral margin of the parapophyses extend ventrally, being located below the cotylar rim. The diapophysis in this vertebra appears to be located posteriorly relative to the parapophysis. The vertebral condyle and cotyle are moderately large, rounded. The condyle is connected to the centrum by a short “neck”. The centrum is anteroposteriorly elongated. The haemal keel is well developed, but ventrally short. It is narrow. The remaining vertebrae of this column located in the anterior section have damaged neural arches. Thus, the neural canal is exposed, being filled in by the calcite which forms an internal core of the canal. Here, prezygapophyses are well visible, having rounded articular surfaces. The postzygapophyses are distictly expanded laterally. The cotyles and condyles are more-or-less rounded here as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFCA2C2F7FA3EDADA" blockId="7.[811,1458,216,1837]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
|
||
The smaller vertebrae located in the second column are basically identical in morphology. They represent a distal portion of the vertebral column. The low neural spine can be observed in the posteriormost preserved complete vertebra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFAB1C157FA25DA3B" box="[1367,1451,1555,1582]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1963,1980]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-131@10.[789,1350,788,1356]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 5. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A-C, the vertebral column from the upper part of the block in: A, dorsal view; B, coronal slice of the mid-section of the vertebra; C, the posterior and best preserved vertebra in this section in situ; D-H, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: D, dorsal; E, ventral; F, anterior; G, posterior; H, lateral views. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 0.4 mm; C, 1 mm; D-H, 0.8 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
, C-H). Here, the postzygapophyses are fairly complete, being posterolaterally oriented. Compared to the larger vertebrae, they have smaller articular areas relative to the prezygapophyses. Between the right and left postzygapophyses, a V-shaped notch is present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFC05C1F6FBB9DADB" box="[995,1079,1714,1741]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1963,1980]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-131@10.[789,1350,788,1356]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 5. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A-C, the vertebral column from the upper part of the block in: A, dorsal view; B, coronal slice of the mid-section of the vertebra; C, the posterior and best preserved vertebra in this section in situ; D-H, virtual 3D model of the vertebra in: D, dorsal; E, ventral; F, anterior; G, posterior; H, lateral views. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 0.4 mm; C, 1 mm; D-H, 0.8 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The zygantrum is well-developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFCA4C196FB42DB3A" blockId="7.[811,1458,216,1837]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Several ribs are still attached to the precaudal vertebrae and remain articulated with synapophyses. In some places, they are preserved only as imprints (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3AE82A488C4BFFEEFB98C056FB35DB3A" box="[1150,1211,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1986,2003]" captionTargetBox="[168,1403,215,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-77@6.[703,1243,781,1350]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cf. Dolichophis sp. SNM Z 29222 from the Middle Miocene Bonanza locality: A, the prepared block of sediment, containing the specimen exposed in dorsal view; B, CT visualization of the whole specimen. Scale bar: A, B, 4 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EAC965468C4BFFE0FCCBC016FEEFDBFD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="7" pageNumber="390" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFEEFCCBC016FC22DB7D" blockId="7.[810,1455,1874,2028]" box="[813,940,1874,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A48AA0118C4BFFEEFCCBC016FC22DB7D" baselines="1893,1894" box="[813,940,1874,1900]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A26C36CD8C4BFFE0FCCBC036FEEFDBFD" blockId="7.[810,1455,1874,2028]" lastBlockId="9.[130,777,1778,2028]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="7" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Note that computed tomography reconstructions show that the rock density value is very similar to that of the fossil. The rock block with its tiny bones is relatively thick, and unfortunately CT is unable to provide a usable 3D model with all features clearly visible. On the basis of vertebrae alone (without cranial bones), determination of fossil colubrids is very difficult, even more so at the generic level. This specimen is provisionally allocated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65D34D4E8C45FFE0FEF4C016FE1EDB7A" authorityName="Oppel" authorityYear="1811" box="[274,400,1874,1900]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Colubridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the combination of an elongated centrum, vaulted neural arch, short parapophyses with ventral border situated close below the cotylar rim and presence of a haemal keel. See Discussion below regarding areas of uncertainty.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |