109 lines
11 KiB
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109 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document id="BBBD4E4B7C15198A99A577F456A02FC4" ID-DOI="10.1649/557" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630163483195" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Morelli, Enrique & MorÓn, Miguel A." docDate="2003" docId="2A4587E5FFE7182FD6A7FB30FF0BFE97" docLanguage="en" docName="557.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/557" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5.4:TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Xyloryctes Hope" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="290" masterDocId="D67CFF9DFFE7182ED762FFF1FFFAFFCB" masterDocTitle="Descriptions of XYLORYCTES Hope Larvae with a Key to Species Based on the Third Stage Larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)" masterLastPageNumber="295" masterPageNumber="289" pageNumber="289" updateTime="1699170194987" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="09D966EB0F50CDBDAD178A2FA964A833">Descriptions of XYLORYCTES Hope Larvae with a Key to Species Based on the Third Stage Larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E51664030D1787A50C97CD56590A29B">Morelli, Enrique</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F85E0F6F0B11DCDE6177FD97A5C60829">MorÓn, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BE47686CC14D9F6E75CD4EF6B10E4962">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="700D53754A6D7633DBFB3026D4B5DFA4">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="62C2868B7FAC49B1EF2907A764BCD1F1">
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<mods:date id="1BBA03EAD21A1041B4BA37E4C54D22C1">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E815A54EA2677A8097AAB5CC4D7F0E84">2003-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="81449A75C90301C03341EB5901E4AF8C">57</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1CC183C5C3456023115E4EABC3376653" type="DOI">10.1649/557</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="92B652952859163F1FAC629A04B3BAC3" type="ISSN">1938-4394</mods:identifier>
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<heading id="F91B819FFFE7182ED6A7FB30FD2DFB1D" box="[453,727,1217,1238]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" reason="2">
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Larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="65EC4D70FFE7182ED550FB30FD2DFB1D" authority="Hope" authorityName="Hope" box="[562,727,1217,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Xyloryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE7182ED550FB30FD62FB1D" bold="true" box="[562,664,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Xyloryctes</emphasis>
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Hope
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EAF66578FFE7182FD7A5FB18FF0BFE97" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A25336F3FFE7182ED7A5FB18FD03FA18" blockId="0.[175,1005,1257,1570]" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<taxonomicName id="65EC4D70FFE7182ED7A5FB18FED1FB35" box="[199,299,1257,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Xyloryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE7182ED7A5FB18FED1FB35" box="[199,299,1257,1278]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Xyloryctes</emphasis>
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larvae are distinguished by the following combination of characters: head without anterior or posterior frontal setae; ocelli distinct; clypeal shape subtrapezoidal; preclypeus narrower than postclypeus; labrum suboval with apex asymmetrical; plegmatia absent; corypha formed by 4–10 slender setae; zygum and epizygum fused; haptomeral process elevated, entire, not interrupted, without heli or distinct sensillae; galea and lacinia completely fused, forming mala; mala with large uncus at apex and 3 subterminal unci fused at bases and unequal in size; inner margin of mandibles, between scissorial and molar areas, not toothed; acia and calx well-developed; raster without septula or palidia; tarsal claws each bearing 2 setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A25336F3FFE7182ED7A5FA29FC17F9E9" blockId="0.[175,1005,1257,1570]" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="65EC4D70FFE7182ED655FA29FE61FA26" box="[311,411,1496,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Xyloryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE7182ED655FA29FE61FA26" box="[311,411,1496,1517]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Xyloryctes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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contains 10 species distributed from the
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<collectingCountry id="DAFB7663FFE7182ED458FA29FC86FA26" box="[826,892,1496,1517]" name="United States of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="DAFB7663FFE7182ED4C3FA29FC16FA26" box="[929,1004,1496,1517]" name="Panama" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Panamá</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C67D4B02FFE7182ED7D4FA02FEC5F9C3" author="Endrodi" box="[182,319,1523,1544]" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" refId="ref2703" refString="Endrodi, S. 1985. The Dynastinae of the World. Dr. W. Junk Publ., Dordrecht. 800 pp. XLVI plates." type="book" year="1985">Endrödi 1985</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C67D4B02FFE7182ED62FFA02FE21F9C3" author="Ratcliffe & The scarab beetles of Nebraska & Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum" box="[333,475,1523,1544]" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" pagination="279 - 281" refId="ref2831" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 1991. The scarab beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 12: 279 - 281." type="journal article" year="1991">Ratcliffe 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C67D4B02FFE7182ED68AFA02FD58F9C3" author="Moron" box="[488,674,1523,1544]" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" pagination="83 - 86" refId="ref2780" refString="Moron, M. A., B. C. Ratcliffe, and C. Deloya. 1997. Atlas de los escarabajos de Mexico. Coleoptera Lamellicornia. Vol. I. Familia Melolonthidae. CONABIO y Sociedad Mexicana de Entomologia, Mexico. pp 83 - 86." type="book chapter" year="1997">
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Morón
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE7182ED551FA02FD9CF9C3" box="[563,614,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">et al.</emphasis>
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1997
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Adults of
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<taxonomicName id="65EC4D70FFE7182ED47EFA02FC7AF9C3" box="[796,896,1523,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Xyloryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE7182ED47EFA02FC7AF9C3" box="[796,896,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Xyloryctes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have been collected at lights, rarely under leaf litter or in the soil, near tree roots. Larvae are found
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</paragraph>
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under leaf mold or under rotten logs. Most of the species are associated with montane forests, such as pine forest, pine-oak forest, or cloud forest located from
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<quantity id="65149B16FFE6182FD424FF2CFF5CFEC6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="2100.0" valueMax="2700.0" valueMin="1500.0">1,500 to 2,700 m</quantity>
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in altitude. Few species live in broad leaf deciduous forest or pine-oak forest located less than
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<quantity id="65149B16FFE6182FD789FEE3FEC2FEEC" box="[235,312,274,295]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="1500.0">1,500 m</quantity>
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of altitude, and only
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<taxonomicName id="65EC4D70FFE6182FD560FEE3FD89FEEC" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[514,627,274,295]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Xyloryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobicollis">
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<emphasis id="9098EAE1FFE6182FD560FEE3FD89FEEC" box="[514,627,274,295]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="290">X. lobicollis</emphasis>
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is found in tropical rain forest, cloud forest, deciduous tropical forest, or humid pine-oak forest located between
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<quantity id="65149B16FFE6182FD431FEDCFC2AFE89" box="[851,976,301,322]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–2,300 m</quantity>
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elevation.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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