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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="20216" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5bbfc64b-e551-4d6e-8894-ad8cad0a8948" ID-PMC="PMC8940830" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-193-9" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" ID-PubMed="35586124" ModsDocID="1314-2003-193-9" checkinTime="1647395847320" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Madika, Lydia K. &amp; Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng" docDate="2022" docId="2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 193: 9-42" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 193" docPubDate="2022-03-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" docTitle="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="BA616DD0C07553299636F7488EA09C8B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1732750122168" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F7EF1A79D8D71888EAD14324ADE0E5FD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="2029AC9CC997DE4F37CFFAE67C0FDC8E">Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="668A8D965E78630E350D640565CE6A40" type="personal">
<mods:role id="77DE605B29757D0B8E126D829C46F852">
<mods:roleTerm id="3EE36F94248C34B4FFE04C4DBDF7E0FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3CD284D2781090D93B53B2F4C1F1530F">Madika, Lydia K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7AADE1BD582C557D1559FE09C50D592E">Department of Botany &amp; Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CB56F3C9319C649ADAA9EF987A415B5A">Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9DF9F98C04A0F0D30DDCCBDD74564EA8" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-2506</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DCDAC8F5F073F7DC161F429EC5517618">Department of Botany &amp; Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3A35277D6757F88E2C0A287A363E7913" type="email">amoteetee@uj.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="15D865716FF88774ECA530C83D608516">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3F3F9B42183CD97FCBB3D5D7EB9A0DA0">
<mods:date id="94D5A3E2A3EFDCB445F215BF9B256B9E">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F234686E96C9D336D2DFE6819E54D8F1">2022-03-15</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="ACED385A65C85724537A9906C2728055" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A704CA2D675049A9FCD0E904C31E82D2">193</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="54D51126447DE8AC268DC5DA3747228C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="4D0105290C11E514D23EB4D11F4FBA0E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CE5676357E8E90077966D54FAA190BE7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194043447" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" scope_family="Boraginaceae">
<subSubSection id="E19DC6DFF954AC4A562A6881DE1A6F4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8D5C3D59CC4588F16F18EFFF6BD1DD9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
4.
<taxonomicName id="99EE1D1A4CAB698DAA00DFA34E2AE6AF" ID-CoL="7VFYX" authority="(Baker &amp; C. H. Wright) Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110 (1991)." authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii var. mannii (Baker &amp; C.H. Wright) Verdc. in Fl.Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110 (1991).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A005FBCD12240B48D61684AE37954DC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B99223E21124D1D47141DC8781FE6A91" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="3D59BA2AE556DD9CD4CE919E533AD282" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mannii">Cynoglossum mannii</taxonomicName>
Baker &amp; C.H.Wright, in Oliver et al., Fl. Trop. Afr., 4(2.1): 52 (1905) ♀♂, Type as above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE791216F184CCD9DD6AA2AC52F495CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="D08F0C15FF0ABC23476AA76E01D4C16B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum geometricum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geometricum">Cynoglossum geometricum</taxonomicName>
Baker &amp; C.H. Wright, in Oliver et al., Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(2.1): 52 (1905). Type: Nyasaland [Malawi] ♀♂ Mount Chiradzulu, no date,
<emphasis id="FB11299C3E6592C3E987ED1EEA3BFC93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A. Whyte s.n.</emphasis>
(K-image! lectotype, here designated). Notes: The specimen was selected as a lectotype by B.L. Burtt on the sheet but was never designated formally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D46E879EC5F92EF3D24EB15E8902B1FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="71E31887F25850A71D5D163144CF6196" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Paracynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paracynoglossum geometricum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geometricum">Paracynoglossum geometricum</taxonomicName>
(Baker &amp; C.H. Wright) R.R. Mill. in Notes Royal. Bot. Gard., Edinb. 41 (3): 478 (1984). ♀♂, Type: Same as above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EF8E6DFEA4D77AA446B30E1D01819EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="3188CE70618BEB529ED458D8E58366AA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. geometricum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="geometricum">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. geometricum</taxonomicName>
(Baker &amp; C.H. Wright) S. Edwards in Fl. Ethiopia &amp; Eritrea 5: 93 (2006), nom. inval.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7E929021E6BC45AD32FB8594A6377DBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="10E9EA842D6D09833F09656883784AE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="9F3FB635AFCCDE9D6AD58AFDBD7E41BA">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23E73A5F1BD8AD3FD020B09027DD45AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="9C54BE37C3AB15D71D751D5CF090FF84" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Cameroon" location="Cameroon" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="3A4E32473C50CB88B76D5AAC31E60EA2" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8BFCC974AA23B4FF125CB3D8D5034729">♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="06B4650C3B0A231A95FA70DDDFF454E3">♂</specimenCount>
, Mount
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7E65F69E322ECAA96BF66585448C69FC" collectingDate="1862-12" country="Cameroon" location="Cameroon" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="B842DF91DD81DB00510916EB66A74843" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="A59BD331EDC9C3592CC02715A6FA6013" value="1862-12">Dec 1862</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="5E9F63EDF274D8A5C7E12F9B895735D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Mann 2005</emphasis>
(K-image,
<typeStatus id="92E701B27DF07F5052477332BE65A960">lectotype</typeStatus>
! here designated; K-image [2 sheets] isolectotype!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825A7E09BBAAC28E5E6BF127F380E7EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Perennial, biennial, or annual herbs,
<quantity id="21210516F864D4331FA4245971205BA7" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2 m</quantity>
in height. Basal leaves 90-190
<normalizedToken id="6128B94AC5E36B9F0558E35388E11016" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="81F012F9FADD935780F3DFB28EFC82A4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="2.8" unit="mm" value="42.0" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="28.0">28-56 mm</quantity>
, lanceolate-obtuse, softly hairy, deciduous, margins entire. Stem leaves 35-90
<normalizedToken id="3D6B806BE6CEE99E182E67105842D650" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="C75926597AE85EE1EA4EEF4827069D8E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.7" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="7.0">7-25 mm</quantity>
, lanceolate, apex acute, base acute to obtuse, covered with moderately stiff hairs margins entire. Trichomes bulbous based on the upper surface of the leaf, sometimes simple on the lower surface. Inflorescences terminal axillary cymes, few branches spreading dichotomously; pedicel
<quantity id="2FAC958E6DB26125695C6ACDEC90C869" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4-8 mm</quantity>
long, lengthens considerably in fruit. Calyx ca.
<quantity id="6811F3D61F4BA87B12D325640A6EC057" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
long, lobes ovate-oblong, adpressed-hairy outside, smooth inside, apex acute. Corolla white with pale blue throat; lobes ca.
<quantity id="5D302ECCFB9EB9ED3551AD443AB8BCB3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
in diameter, campanulate. Nutlets ovoid, 3-4
<normalizedToken id="DD46F8EF9A03A66E2CE5C39AD9B41B4D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="2D3260D74D64FC60C0D7FBF06B6073B6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.5 mm</quantity>
; glochidia more marginal and on the median line (Figure
<figureCitation id="43B496B00C4EF50C40B084F08DE03EAD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vegetative and reproductive morphological features of Cynoglossum coeruleum var. mannii A line drawing of dichotomous branching of the fruit stalk B marginal and median line glochidia on the adaxial surface of a nutlet C Glochidia evenly sized. Voucher specimen: T. B. Sikhakhane 440 (NH). Drawing scale bar: 7.5 mm. SEM scale bar: 2 mm (B); 200 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658893" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="0C0A7D9744A7D36B556A0E1BE5E44FE9" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658893" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="F0318B989077CAE9CB200CF995337027" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="1814B4EA79904A668C78ECBC581C5B51" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Vegetative and reproductive morphological features of
<taxonomicName id="FBFEC3B286F0BC01A7F22D8257FE7B3F" authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum var. mannii</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="9A66BD71CFAB4814758DFDC2F462BC01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
line drawing of dichotomous branching of the fruit stalk
<emphasis id="1C87278B852D5FED888D5DCE14C19F0F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
marginal and median line glochidia on the adaxial surface of a nutlet
<emphasis id="AEECD06624E9C9EAA3CAB6DECDDEB65F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
Glochidia evenly sized. Voucher specimen:
<emphasis id="06BD45040037EE7B52B44F3897B1578D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T.B. Sikhakhane 440</emphasis>
(NH). Drawing scale bar:
<quantity id="918138BD2BC4AD170F996D88D5410FE5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
. SEM scale bar:
<quantity id="451C3DC6CED15E64FDBF231DB1FA3862" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="52EE7D59D67E5DDA9CEA6BE351A3D4A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
); 200
<normalizedToken id="D282510970E5E9EF6EB32FB5DAD30F80" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="5F833A58AE0697F87A8D3FF6C4A3A1E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBD2E2CE3A005381171B7D7A4ADF9BD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="52EE73656D3EFA446321D6D272CBF04A" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19AC9558875FC2986D69F2C4C555B0E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">December to April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32021693207466A5BC5DB09C316A03E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="079ECD607559FB9968C51D0F01263D05" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35F668D47D51D4350B2623BBA765E549" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
Least Concern (
<bibRefCitation id="5C41CE9B1F95AB39A559DC872678DDDA" author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria," pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="23 - 35" refId="B24" refString="Raimondo, D, von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 86: 23 - 35" title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25." volume="86" year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DFFF6DD935E58BA0922C4F344B4357B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="33145E39E75F0DB12D1CAAD87A084EAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E9A39724D108944547F3A2A549093B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
This variety can be easily confused with
<taxonomicName id="A15FA730A71BD2912AE808C6079D564E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="C7E45CC1400FCEE320A9D0C1139A37D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the dichotomous branching of the inflorescence but can be distinguished from it by the distribution and density of the glochidia in the nutlets. The glochidia on the nutlets of
<taxonomicName id="27102EA1CF6C6DD99FB327E5B2F944A8" authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum var. mannii</taxonomicName>
are more marginal and on the median line, whereas they are equally distributed around the whole nutlet in
<taxonomicName id="57E4DA607AF561A021E3CF5785C537E8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lanceolatum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="8618F481E714F67F41D729DC7F0CF9EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB4AC2F6535418A87022CC56F1A83675" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="82BBA4E7BA7CDDC761FEABB763BD8529" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D4187F0EDD7670AC885802157C2EF64" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
This variety is endemic to South Africa where it is known only from KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape Provinces (Figure
<figureCitation id="E57013F9347015554480D3D42F1DBDA5" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Known distribution of Cynoglossum coeruleum var. mannii in southern Africa based on the specimens examined." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658894" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">10</figureCitation>
). It is also reported from Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe (
<bibRefCitation id="1078A98583DBE05094AB3E0677992536" author="Mill, RR" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" refId="B21" refString="Mill, RR, Miller, AG, 1984. Studies in the flora of Arabia: IX. A synopsis of Paracynoglossum (Boraginaceae). Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 41: e478." title="Studies in the flora of Arabia: IX. A synopsis of Paracynoglossum (Boraginaceae). Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 41: e 478." year="1984">Mill and Miller 1984</bibRefCitation>
). It is found in disturbed grassland and sandy areas.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AC6CE992B28867A9412FBC5E2BA15448" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/658894" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="228C2F212D330517CB4E62C0B60E086B" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="CC80CD48D17761B6156CBBC66C5885C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="3A423EE0E5F0B296AA0B87D4D8432E26" authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum var. mannii</taxonomicName>
in southern Africa based on the specimens examined.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41B3A1567F2D6F7AC1737B5BEA3FDB95" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1932DB5CA9B98F53A6BB0A91D2809F41" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="99BDCA697AD9B1974FA867A4345D8CED" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="1A1850E8FC293863497F517999BF1CFF" collectingDate="1984-02-17" collectingDateMax="2019-03-07" collectingDateMin="1984-02-17" collectorName="M. Jordaan, A. G. Hutchings, A. M. Ngwenya, D. G. A. Styles, A. N. Moteetee, L. K. Madika, O. M. Hilliard, B. L. Burtt, T. B. Sikhakhane, D. Styles, M. Stainbank's, A. Young" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" location="Zululand District Municipality Area" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">
<collectingCountry id="239181CD1AC5CB391F3536134AB5B860" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="1D1F2D8044E1C9E24856232813EB55D2" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">Kwazulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
: 2731 (
<collectingCounty id="C0D97EDA4C1528A31ECCBAADC57F38BB">Louwsburg</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality id="D125271D3BAEB57F6838B75A64CB5CFE">Itala Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
(-AD),
<collectingDate id="A7A527C610186B4DFE2ED7B14B5AD066" value="1987-12-10">10 Dec 1987</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="370ED9FA118F2794BB7BB6ECF47BEA04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="43B7933F7512E9295D85314F9A71239A">M. Jordaan</collectorName>
7064
</emphasis>
(NH);
<collectingDate id="3D2D7773609755B4536466CDEC2F44CC" value="1987-12-09">9 Dec 1987</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="5BB3B7C8726F2471601C5D27BC40A729" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="3C369C84F8228D975B546266F7961E52">A.G. Hutchings</collectorName>
2530
</emphasis>
(NU);
<location id="3149751D9D54C9B774DC0C6FFDF473F5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:3149751D9D54C9B774DC0C6FFDF473F5" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Zululand District Municipality Area" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Zululand District Municipality Area</location>
,
<location id="C6D4A894130542369D0D27CC4F7AABE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:C6D4A894130542369D0D27CC4F7AABE3" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Abaqulusi Municipality Area" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Abaqulusi Municipality Area</location>
, Tygerskloof Farm (-CD),
<collectingDate id="3C7278388CDF7F42D9A8B9A343D573CE" value="2012-01-24">24 Jan 2012</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="5A86AC50D8A1C7FBDB0C2859619601B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="CE5B09B8165AC858C7A988327336C2A8">A.M. Ngwenya</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="8C8E80808CAF77912D862AF1E2208129" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="97D1AC297C8D39326D6FE2FE5F209C24">D.G.A. Styles</collectorName>
4034
</emphasis>
(NH);
<collectingDate id="E06FFF29F6952BEF043F2AF31E64B677" value="2019-03-07">7 Mar 2019</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="D5046D7DDF1797EF66C088852E1676B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="B160CEBB677396AB6146CAB786C8B41C">A.N. Moteetee</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="8968A270E2E47C0A674636E3A122BB0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="DE5AD77A2D565EB6693AA496682EFAC4">L.K. Madika</collectorName>
AL010
</emphasis>
(JRAU). 2828 (Bethlehem):
<location id="BEDD4C237F76BC400296297728BAF481" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:BEDD4C237F76BC400296297728BAF481" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Royal Natal National Park" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Royal Natal National Park</location>
(-DB),
<collectingDate id="3493670119F0BAE2CC307974FED7F036" value="1984-02-17">17 February 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="C7DBA3AF0AD8063DF8CCA15EB1DF6316" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="D8F9432CC85ECD2DEBF0D896CCD35277">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="9A3125D1D9D70A80CE092F6D12DC89EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="08D5C53BFF03F45215A0AB9276764547">B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
17658
</emphasis>
(NBG; NU). 2831 (Nkandla): Nhlazatshe farm, (-AA),
<collectingDate id="0ADEF91A903E29AB4D43120D278E2093" value="1994-03-04">4 Mar 1994</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="E0640E686DABF9651E68EB2C3A491B81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="A4E9957A365F450F9973D642A560B1FA">T.B. Sikhakhane</collectorName>
440
</emphasis>
(NH). 2929 (Underberg):
<location id="4287BC73CA693C5A1FDDACB5DDAB77D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:4287BC73CA693C5A1FDDACB5DDAB77D1" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Mpendhle District" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Mpendhle District</location>
,
<location id="F0418FCA1CFCC878BE868A98246627F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:F0418FCA1CFCC878BE868A98246627F8" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Loteni Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Loteni Nature Reserve</location>
(-AD),
<collectingDate id="9CB95800CBA49F55525CA10B729311F8" value="2001-02-01">1 Feb 2001</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="E16BF377C956BD0779AAE73F07ADC0CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="3ED5DC8EF06A2DB8F60CCC7A587B6AFD">A.M. Ngwenya</collectorName>
1940
</emphasis>
(NH), Loteni, upper reaches of river (-BC),
<collectingDate id="59D94F3AE9CE370BD9CABC863197FCB9" value="1984-03-31">31 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="8D96C9F16A71FA451FBA8F1F0948AB58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="F958BF107660B7776C56EB554987D6FD">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
8218
</emphasis>
(NU, PRE),
<location id="9433A09F664C53E62B0549E6327D8101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:9433A09F664C53E62B0549E6327D8101" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Sipongweni Mountain" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Sipongweni Mountain</location>
(-CD),
<collectingDate id="A50692FD3197DB0D5A4DD552A7B8E2E3" value="1987-03-20">20 Mar 1987</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="F1EA72BBE36B19D4A15DBFEFB5010375" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="3829BE9F35CA33BAE7E8303BD2102029">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="182E7D0BEA8E9615CE7B6345C3072996" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="6BA70780E4FF1C2FF093ADE8180E644F">B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
8249
</emphasis>
(PRE). 2930 (Pietermaritzburg): On the Phezulu Game Estate,
<normalizedToken id="C4412FBA9F2DC2CD1A3D511D1D719925" originalValue="Botha’s">Botha's</normalizedToken>
Hill (-DC),
<collectingDate id="C292C9EE8DE5821D19FA1F341178BE7F" value="2005-01-22">22 Jan 2005</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="9398C4248C2F0BBEFF1C4892BA7DD07B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="B717C8879A0841425CE0AFDC1B49A553">D. Styles</collectorName>
2280
</emphasis>
(NH). 3030 (
<location id="CEC03CCCE6C84C92B2C6635B82926275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:CEC03CCCE6C84C92B2C6635B82926275" country="South Africa" county="Louwsburg" municipality="Itala Nature Reserve" name="Port Shepstone" stateProvince="Kwazulu-Natal">Port Shepstone</location>
):
<collectorName id="9450E25C9D3C441CE5A45FE87EE7EEB5">
M.
<normalizedToken id="9C4BC67D071D1FE9C3A552691D171BD7" originalValue="Stainbank’s">Stainbank's</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
farm, mid Illovo (-BB),
<collectingDate id="08D2B2239E4B8ABC383DCC41998D594D" value="2008-12-23">23 Dec 2008</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="464F85C3F46C74B0946C250AAAE0333C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="441E1263E70D2293EAE8CCAE34C9422B">A. Young</collectorName>
942
</emphasis>
(NU)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="106E938F4B426551EF197BE8C1CC1034" collectingDate="1955-04" collectingDateMax="2001-10-26" collectingDateMin="1955-04" collectorName="O. M. Hilliard, B. L. Burtt, E. Cloete, R. Collett, A. R. H. Martin, A. Jacot Guillarmod, L. M. Johnson, M. Bradley" country="South Africa" county="Britstown" location="Nenga River" municipality="Kamberg" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingRegion id="86A31FA5AF84B36D990BBFDB039EE85A" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
: 3023 (
<collectingCounty id="647F9356AC766BC8EE6A8EE4A09A4140">Britstown</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality id="1864EA810093F182EF6E7D878EDD8D5D">Kamberg</collectingMunicipality>
(-CC),
<collectingDate id="76F35200C41B40D12493CA840B62CA2C" value="1983-03-21">21 Mar 1983</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="80382DBA9348C59A2754F54CFF024F58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="742E85AAC6F5CDE20CE7727A2C834530">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
8208
</emphasis>
(NU). 3128 (Umtata): Baziya Mission (-CB),
<collectingDate id="32F1ECB2E8FBD3921BD12E6C8E6E21AD" value="1981-02-12">12 Feb 1981</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="73B15A8E342BE03C3A81771550B81851" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="5670C56D5B234935FC09A81DBFA09EAC">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="213B8E1B00006D686DDD14CC26A40F8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="C71B24A176A238F89C295713B1311A2A">B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
13952
</emphasis>
(NU);
<location id="74345D15BE0E201CD7CD4CA132E36FB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:74345D15BE0E201CD7CD4CA132E36FB7" country="South Africa" county="Britstown" municipality="Kamberg" name="Nenga River" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nenga River</location>
, (-DB),
<collectingDate id="138CE14E9A4122CBEE02979837CDC482" value="2001-10-26">26 Oct 2001</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="4748948C4771BB1F21DF67A88FBF8874" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="9B79319F74FA3D5AF93F3C689B2F8E1A">E. Cloete</collectorName>
6342
</emphasis>
(GRA). 3226 (
<location id="861A66C21C9AF245430C8881A0FAF937" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A3D96540207673413DEE2B41055A370:861A66C21C9AF245430C8881A0FAF937" country="South Africa" county="Britstown" municipality="Kamberg" name="Fort Beaufort" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Fort Beaufort</location>
): Hogsback (-DB),
<collectingDate id="D437874D592FA4C4CA950FF7DD5125CE" value="1956-04">Apr 1956</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="9786EB32610F2C54313168C6A27825F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="E7F0AEBBC216F5D2D0EE1537BF1C5D31">R. Collett</collectorName>
9775
</emphasis>
(GRA);
<collectingDate id="C5F4D99C5142E8C2EA00FADA6A27722C" value="1955-04">Apr 1955</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="6F7C57FEDD5B214AE792846FFF9ACC04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="B7E2E06FDEFA45CFAC4CD3E46A3B4BE8">A.R.H. Martin</collectorName>
9678
</emphasis>
(GRA);
<collectingDate id="C5BE4FAD04030D12DE860B5C921078F3" value="1962-04">Apr 1962</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="964B71B0D0FC8088A4EB065A9B4D54E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="876175B6DBC57AE452369EE887B546A0">A. Jacot Guillarmod</collectorName>
5544
</emphasis>
(GRA);
<collectingDate id="4786B2EA7A84D3D8BF3128F9C9AA4FD3" value="1955-04-12">12 Apr 1955</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="0DDB0FFCFB9931D8AC0CC0C138E4D6E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="C61AE24108D120199EA71F7A3C88C3BA">L.M. Johnson</collectorName>
1152
</emphasis>
(GRA);
<collectingDate id="5F82372AF9430FFDADBA20658A6EA89C" value="1973-03-04">4 Mar 1973</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="D9DD7A362028EDD77482637338462CE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
<collectorName id="6737A93F56DD633E0BF78159436ADA01">M. Bradley</collectorName>
55
</emphasis>
(GRA)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BB53B251F9A6BDFF776AB35B8E25C1AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="taxonomic notes">
<paragraph id="4391692DD57F6A3AD753B615025B51CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4DF00094032BDA5B7378F0891A1976CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
(i)
<taxonomicName id="C91F7B7332848F85F47D85C5446C9FB4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum geometricum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geometricum">
<emphasis id="E3987E59F6C42320EEEA0AA865B95296" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Cynoglossum geometricum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recorded in the southern African region (FSA) for the first time by
<bibRefCitation id="3715B66FFDDC4B329AF909623AAB6EA3" author="Hilliard, OM" journalOrPublisher="Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="345 - 405" publicationUrl="https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB19790370487" refId="B14" refString="Hilliard, OM, Burtt, BL, 1986. Notes on some plants of southern Africa chiefly from Natal: XLIII. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 43 (3): 345 - 405, https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB19790370487" title="Notes on some plants of southern Africa chiefly from Natal: XLIII." url="https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB19790370487" volume="43" year="1986">Hilliard and Burtt (1986)</bibRefCitation>
. Although the name seems to be accepted in the Flora of southern African region (FSA), for example,
<bibRefCitation id="BCDF3052A5A0D1868F038424347FAB99" author="Germishuizen, G" journalOrPublisher="Strelitzia" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="133 - 136" refId="B10" refString="Germishuizen, G, Meyer, NL, 2003. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. National Botanical Institute: Pretoria. Strelitzia 14: 133 - 136" title="Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. National Botanical Institute: Pretoria." volume="14" year="2003">Germishuizen and Meyer (2003)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="C6586D8FF358F9FC19AB6A00F79F1412" author="Burrows, JE" journalOrPublisher="31 SABONET, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" refId="B3" refString="Burrows, JE, Willis, CK, 2005. Plants of the Nyika Plateau. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria" title="Plants of the Nyika Plateau. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No." year="2005">Burrows and Willis (2005)</bibRefCitation>
, it is not the correct name for this taxon. The correct name is
<taxonomicName id="D8AB578F1C2BA390F74CB717C21242AD" authorityName="Verdc. in Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac.: 110" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Baker &amp; C. H. Wright" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii var. mannii</taxonomicName>
, as synonimized by
<bibRefCitation id="F33764C9EDCA1047FBC1CB4C9B1AC056" author="Verdcourt, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" refId="B33" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1991. Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" title="Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1991">Verdcourt (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. It is worth noting that the latter name is erroneously listed as
<taxonomicName id="8D97F950C438A154832A2CABA24B5E47" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. coeruleum subsp. var. var. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="var." variety="mannii">C. coeruleum var. mannii</taxonomicName>
in websites such as Plants of the World Online (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/966730-1) and the World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org/).
<bibRefCitation id="EB3181AD98C779E18517248F330DF851" author="Verdcourt, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" refId="B33" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1991. Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" title="Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1991">Verdcourt (1991)</bibRefCitation>
relegated
<taxonomicName id="95D1124B8408290D81F5DDD3BD8DED3F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. johnstonii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="johnstonii">
<emphasis id="0187B2D67F4A59717E520C9F8717BA6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. johnstonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to subspecies level under
<taxonomicName id="C4BC42B564D2858775EE9311F20C9DED" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. coeruleum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coeruleum">
<emphasis id="4266E1FD69AB35FBFAAC4735AD8266C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. coeruleum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and then transferred
<taxonomicName id="F2058CAB207A63DA0864BBCBB016ED5E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mannii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mannii">
<emphasis id="1810699B54EB6979C920751FEF4E6673" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. mannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="39DAD92036980680B36015B14390A744" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. coeruleum" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coeruleum">
<emphasis id="97A260B6CF52D006E454B33B232F5D34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C. coeruleum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a variety of
<taxonomicName id="ABDDCDA1116B0D0E39479E4170E76FB8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="johnstonii">Cynoglossum coeruleum subsp. johnstonii</taxonomicName>
. (ii) There are three sheets of
<emphasis id="17FF5CF20144C2ABBEAF077B164C8CE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Mann 2005</emphasis>
in Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K), the one with the barcode number K000418935 is chosen as a lectotype because it displays most of the important characters of the species which can be used to distinguish this species from the rest, such as the inflorescence character and the branching pattern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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