212 lines
19 KiB
XML
212 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c4149823-0d8c-444d-9bfe-662dcfed261a" ID-PMC="PMC3494065" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-232-1" ID-PubMed="23226702" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-232-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 232" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the European species of Omphale Haliday (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)" checkinTime="1451248647925" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hansson, Christer & Shevtsova, Ekaterina" docDate="2012" docId="29F4DF382F9749FDA39357FB8C5CC184" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 232: 1-157" docOrigin="ZooKeys 232" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625" docTitle="Omphale rubigus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="0F466847FFD3FFF2347FC24A7A7A413C" masterDocTitle="Revision of the European species of Omphale Haliday (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1668154596491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the European species of Omphale Haliday (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hansson, Christer</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shevtsova, Ekaterina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>232</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>157</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-232-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037474" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:29F4DF382F9749FDA39357FB8C5CC184" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/29F4DF382F9749FDA39357FB8C5CC184" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<subSubSection pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Omphale_rubigus" authority="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="100" pageNumber="101" start="start">Omphale</pageBreakToken>
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rubigus (Walker)
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</taxonomicName>
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Figures 389-397531
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entedon rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Entedon rubigus</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1839:91. Lectotype female in BMNH, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
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(Walker),
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<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="169 - 204" title="Keys to the British genera and species of Elachertinae, Eulophinae and Euderinae (Hym., Chalcidoidea)." volume="13" year="1959">Graham (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
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(Walker),
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<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="167 - 275" title="Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species." volume="15" year="1963">Graham (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Type material. Lectotype female, type no. 5.2036 in BMNH. Additio-nal material. 299♀: France 6♀ (RMNH), Germany 1♀ (RMNH), Hungary 20♀ (BMNH, CH), Italy 1♀ (RMNH), Netherlands 4♀ (RMNH), Russia 61♀ (BMNH, CH, LUZM), Sweden 185♀ (CH, BMNH, LUZM), United Kingdom 21♀ (BMNH).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Frons above frontal suture and vertex smooth (Figs 396, 397); frontal suture very weakly V-shaped, almost straight (Fig. 396); occipital margin with an edge (Fig. 397); antennal scrobes join at or slightly below frontal suture (Fig. 396); meso-scutum with engraved and strong reticulation and with notauli as distinct smooth deep grooves in posterior ⅔, grooves gradually widening towards posterior part (Fig. 394); forewing with row of admarginal setae with all, or most, arising from ventral part of marginal vein and radial cell bare (Fig. 392).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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Female. Length of body 1.2-2.0 mm. Antenna with scape pale brown with dorsal margin dark brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown and shiny; pedicel + flagellum 1.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as distance between eyes; first flagellomere 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long and 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as second flagellomere (Fig. 395); flagellomeres with scattered short setae, flagellomeres 1-4 ventrally also with a set of long setae attached close to base and reaching beyond apex of flagellomere attached to; longitudinal sensilla on flagellomeres as long as flagellomere attached to; clava 1-segmented. Face dark brown with green metallic tinges (Fig. 390), strigose (Fig. 396); clypeus green to blue metallic, strigose, semicircular, 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as high; gena dark brown metallic; lower frons green metallic, with very weak reticulation, almost smooth; interscrobal area smooth; antennal scrobes join at or slightly below frontal suture; frontal suture very weakly V-shaped, almost straight; upper frons and vertex green to blue metallic, sometimes brightly so, smooth (Fig. 397). Occipital margin with an edge (Fig. 397).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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Mesoscutum golden with green and blue metallic tinges (Fig. 391), with engraved and strong reticulation (Fig. 394), midlobe with two pairs of setae; notauli as distinct smooth and deep grooves in posterior ⅔, grooves gradually widening towards posterior part. Scutellum golden with green metallic tinges (Fig. 391), with engraved and strong reticulation (Fig. 394), some specimens with a weak median groove in anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
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; 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, with anterior margin smoothly curved forwards. Axillae golden with green metallic tinges (Fig. 391). Dorsellum green metallic (Fig. 391), smooth and flat (Fig. 394), 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, and 0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as length of median propodeum. Entire lateral mesosoma black metallic (Fig. 389). Transepimeral sulcus weakly curved forwards. Propodeum green metallic (Fig. 391), smooth (Fig. 394); propodeal callus with two setae. Legs with coxae and femora dark brown (Fig. 389); tibiae pale brown
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<pageBreakToken pageId="101" pageNumber="102" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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dark brown; foretarsus dark brown, mid- and hind tarsi yellowish brown; midleg with first tarsomere 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as length of tarsus. Forewing transparent, occasionally infumate, veins pale brown, setae dark brown (Fig. 392); speculum closed; admarginal setae 7-14, arising from marginal vein or from membrane just behind vein; radial cell bare; postmarginal vein 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as stigmal vein. Hind wing transparent, apex
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<pageBreakToken pageId="102" pageNumber="103" start="start">rounded</pageBreakToken>
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(Fig. 392). Forewing WIP (Fig. 393) with apical
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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yellow and margined with magenta, basal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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with wide bands in magenta, blue and yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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Petiole yellowish brown. Gaster with first tergite dark brown with green or blue metallic tinges, remaining tergites dark brown with metallic tinges, smooth, elongate and 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.6×">-1.6x</normalizedToken>
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as long as length of mesosoma; 7th tergite 0.09
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as length of gaster.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Male. Unknown.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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Figures 389-393.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
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, female: 389 habitus in lateral view, length of specimen 1.8 mm 390 head in frontal view 391 thoracic dorsum 392 transparent wings 393 wing interference patterns.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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Figures 394-401.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
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spp., females:394-397.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
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: 394 thoracic dorsum 395 antenna 396 head in frontal view 397 vertex 398-401.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale ochra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochra">Omphale ochra</taxonomicName>
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: 398 thoracic dorsum 399 antenna 400 head in frontal view 401 vertex.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="hosts">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Trigonodiplosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonodiplosis" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trigonodiplosis</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
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) on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia cracca" order="Fabales" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cracca">Vicia cracca</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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and Askew 1968
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Yefremova, ZA" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="903 - 911" title="Parasitoid Complexes (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) of Leafminers of the Genus Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in the Middle Volga Basin." url="10.1134/S0013873809080041" volume="89" year="2009">Yefremova et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
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as a parasitoid on
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllonorycter emberizaepennella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emberizaepennella">Phyllonorycter emberizaepennella</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllonorycter pyrifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrifoliella">Phyllonorycter pyrifoliella</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Lepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Gracillariidae" lsidName="" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="family">Gracillariidae</taxonomicName>
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). In view of the other host record for this species, and host records for other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
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, which are exclusively gall midges (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
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), these records are dubious. Presumably the parasitoid is either misidentified, or the samples have been contaminated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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Austria (
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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and Askew 1968
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Czech Republic (
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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and Askew 1968
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</bibRefCitation>
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), France (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
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), Germany (
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<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
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and Askew 1968
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Hungary (new record), Italy (new record), Netherlands (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
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), Russia (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Yefremova 2002</bibRefCitation>
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), Sweden (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 70" title="A catalogue of the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) described by C. G. Thomson, with a checklist of Swedish species." volume="38" year="1991">Hansson 1991</bibRefCitation>
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), United Kingdom (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Walker 1839</bibRefCitation>
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) (Fig. 531).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Males have never been found in this species, possibly this is a species with thelytokous parthenogenesis.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |