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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3707.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678189" ID-ZooBank="62CD9F58-F0D8-476F-B025-18B32AFD40E7" approvalRequired="124" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="13" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="7" approvalRequired_for_matCits="4" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="70" approvalRequired_for_treatments="27" checkinTime="1629898656763" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="VIEIRA, LEANDRO M., JONES, MARY E. SPENCER &amp; WINSTON, JUDITH E." docDate="2013" docId="294EB757FFEAE346EDAAFD16FCC8F810" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03707p063.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3707 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3707.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.9:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON 2013, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="D577CF2FFFD8E374ED3DFFC2FFDBFFC7" masterDocTitle="&lt;p class = &quot; HeadingRunIn &quot; align = &quot; left &quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; &lt;em&gt; Cradoscrupocellaria &lt;/ em&gt;, a new bryozoan genus for &lt;em&gt; Scrupocellaria bertholletii &lt;/ em&gt; (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution &lt;/ strong&gt; &lt;/ p&gt;" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1661891709004" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>&lt;p class = &quot; HeadingRunIn &quot; align = &quot; left &quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; &lt;em&gt; Cradoscrupocellaria &lt;/ em&gt;, a new bryozoan genus for &lt;em&gt; Scrupocellaria bertholletii &lt;/ em&gt; (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution &lt;/ strong&gt; &lt;/ p&gt;</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>VIEIRA, LEANDRO M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>JONES, MARY E. SPENCER</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>WINSTON, JUDITH E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2013-09-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>3707</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>63</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3707.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3707.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5678189</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">62CD9F58-F0D8-476F-B025-18B32AFD40E7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5700322" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5700322" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:294EB757FFEAE346EDAAFD16FCC8F810" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/294EB757FFEAE346EDAAFD16FCC8F810" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection box="[151,704,724,750]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,704,724,783]" box="[151,704,724,750]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,704,724,750]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,704,724,750]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName authority="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON, 2013" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,630,724,750]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhynchoides" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,630,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[637,704,724,750]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[151,346,758,783]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,704,724,783]" box="[151,346,758,783]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
(
<figureCitation box="[159,242,758,783]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="51.[151,249,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-126@51.[151,1436,195,1556]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 26. Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides n. sp. AF, NHMUK 2010.12.6.19, holotype, Queensland, Australia. A, Frontal surface of colony. B, Frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the gigantic frontal avicularium on axial zooid. C, Close-up of a branch bifurcation; note the ovicelled zooids and the gigantic frontal avicularium. D, Close-up of gigantic frontal avicularium. E, Abfrontal surface of colony. F, Abfrontal surface of branch bifurcation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5678259/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation box="[253,337,758,783]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="49.[151,241,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 6. Morphometric data for Cradoscrupocellaria species studied (in mm)." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Table 6</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,383,830,855]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation box="[404,1309,830,855]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Australia" location="Brisbane" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="NHMUK 2010.12" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis box="[404,506,830,854]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus box="[404,506,830,854]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<specimenCode box="[527,740,830,855]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">NHMUK 2010.12</specimenCode>
.6.19 (
<figureCitation box="[814,904,830,855]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="51.[151,249,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-126@51.[151,1436,195,1556]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 26. Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides n. sp. AF, NHMUK 2010.12.6.19, holotype, Queensland, Australia. A, Frontal surface of colony. B, Frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the gigantic frontal avicularium on axial zooid. C, Close-up of a branch bifurcation; note the ovicelled zooids and the gigantic frontal avicularium. D, Close-up of gigantic frontal avicularium. E, Abfrontal surface of colony. F, Abfrontal surface of branch bifurcation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5678259/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:294EB757FFEAE346EDAAFD16FCC8F810:A438509AFFEAE346EE9EFCFCFBD2FC90" box="[931,1033,830,855]" country="Australia" name="Brisbane" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Queensland">Brisbane</location>
,
<collectingRegion box="[1051,1186,830,855]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1203,1309,830,855]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Australia" location="Brisbane" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="NHMUK 2010.12" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis box="[1326,1428,831,854]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus box="[1326,1428,831,854]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<specimenCode box="[151,360,866,891]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">NHMUK 2010.12</specimenCode>
.6.20, same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" box="[199,620,902,927]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<materialsCitation box="[199,616,902,927]" country="Australia" location="Queensland" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,349,902,927]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus box="[199,258,902,927]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
.
<collectingRegion box="[364,499,902,927]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[510,616,902,927]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,326,938,963]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific name
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" box="[557,764,939,963]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhynchoides">
<emphasis box="[557,764,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">macrorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the similarity of this species to the Mediterranean species
<taxonomicName authority="(Gautier, 1962)" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[239,824,974,999]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[239,643,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhyncha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Gautier, Y. V." box="[657,815,974,999]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref37466" refString="Gautier, Y. V. (1962). Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale. Recueil des Travaux de la Station marine d'Endoume, 38 (24), 1 - 434." type="journal article" year="1962">Gautier, 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,314,1010,1035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Chitinous joints passing across proximal end of opesia in outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D); 2 inner and 23 outer distal spines; scutum stout, large, highly branched at tip, fully developed and completely covering frontal membrane; small distolateral avicularium sometimes present, obscured by outer oral spines; dimorphic elongate frontal avicularium with hooked tip, shorter than in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[997,1196,1118,1142]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[997,1016,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1034,1196,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">macrorhyncha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; vibracular chamber almost basal rather than lateral as in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[561,755,1155,1179]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[561,580,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[593,755,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">macrorhyncha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; ooecium with small rounded pseudopores.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,337,1190,1215]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
. Colony erect, branches comprising 511 alternating zooids, with zooidal surfaces in the same plane. Internodes slender, almost straight, with an acutely bifurcating pattern; chitinous joints pass across the proximal end of opesia in outer zooids at the bifurcation (zooids C and D), and across the proximal gymnocyst of inner zooids (F and G). Autozooids cylindrical, with straight sides. Oval opesia occupying three quarters of the zooidal length; cryptocyst reduced to a narrow often inconspicuous rim around the opesia. Scutum large, stout, flattened, highly branched at its tip, fully developed, inserted at midline of inner opesial border and overarching the whole frontal membrane. Distal spines short, unbranched and curved; 2 inner and 3 outer spines; 1 additional median distal spine often present; axial zooid with 5 spines. Very small distolateral avicularium rarely present, obscured by outer distal spines. Dimorphic frontal avicularia present: a very small avicularium with triangular mandible often present in inner zooids of the internode close to the proximal margin of opesia, obliquely directed below to the midline of the zooids; a large frontal avicularium,
<quantity box="[873,1065,1550,1575]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.925" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.1925" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.165">
<geoCoordinate box="[873,935,1550,1575]" degrees="0.165" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="55" value="0.165">0.165</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[935,1012,1550,1575]" degrees="0.220" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="55" value="-0.22">0.220</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
long, with an elongate mandible often present in outer zooids of each internode, rostrum longer than wide with a fringed edge, directed proximally and with strongly hooked tip, mandible long and hooked distally. One vibracular chamber on the basal surface of each zooid, inconspicuous in frontal view; chamber of vibraculum almost trapezoidal, with a rhizoidal foramen at its outer proximal corner; setal groove directed transversely to the axis of the internode, straight, with smooth setae longer than one autozooid. Single axial vibraculum, small, without rhizoidal foramen. Rhizoids tubular and smooth. Ovicells globular, with proximal slightly raised straight rim, ectooecium perforated by 1422 small rounded pores; ovicelled zooids with 1 inner and 2 outer spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,308,1838,1863]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName authority="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON, 2013" authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" box="[324,776,1838,1862]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhynchoides" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[324,776,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[786,852,1838,1863]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[786,852,1838,1863]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[983,1181,1838,1862]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[983,1181,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C. macrorhyncha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in overall appearance but differs in the size of the branches, position of zooids along the branches (slightly angled in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1224,1420,1875,1899]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[1224,1243,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1258,1420,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">macrorhyncha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), position of basal vibraculum (basal and inconspicuous in frontal view in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" box="[1002,1244,1910,1934]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhynchoides">
<emphasis box="[1002,1244,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C. macrorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and size of the dimorphic frontal avicularium (smaller in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" box="[623,862,1947,1971]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhynchoides">
<emphasis box="[623,862,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C. macrorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<taxonomicName authorityName="VIEIRA &amp; JONES &amp; WINSTON" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Gautier" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[953,1148,1947,1971]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Cradoscrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="macrorhyncha">
<emphasis box="[953,1148,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C. macrorhyncha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[199,787,1982,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="50.[151,1436,830,2007]" box="[199,787,1982,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1982,2007]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Distribution</emphasis>
. Pacific Ocean:
<collectingRegion box="[530,665,1982,2007]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[676,782,1982,2007]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>