265 lines
36 KiB
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265 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="E315F7EA4D94E206649CF5195AE8E55B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203919" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2af3e798-9a86-4a06-b094-009841e06894" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203919" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460336166162" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reverter-Gil, Oscar, Souto, Javier & Fernández-Pulpeiro, Eugenio" docDate="2011" docId="287D87A77712FF8942E144EA49945984" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02993p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2993" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mourellina Reverter-Gil, Souto & Fernández-Pulpeiro, 2011, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="D444FFDF7703FF9B427641404B7A5F38" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Crepis Jullien (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of a new genus and family and notes on Chlidoniidae" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698259830541" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BF4538C05D31A781AE2F8492AFACC88B">Revision of the genus Crepis Jullien (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of a new genus and family and notes on Chlidoniidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9C6F3D0BD364AAA4C69FF2E04D68EDD">Reverter-Gil, Oscar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D869065D67022DFB7419DC3BBA46817">Souto, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="273CEC8ADCA927DCA76C4E1E4D1AFC4F">Fernández-Pulpeiro, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2473F9B297A4E6D1B688E4B237C6BB19">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="111B80BEF5AD98442091805339FDF3F9">2993</mods:number>
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<treatment id="287D87A77712FF8942E144EA49945984" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672732" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672732" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:287D87A77712FF8942E144EA49945984" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/287D87A77712FF8942E144EA49945984" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="E8CE653A7712FF8942E144EA49945984" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A06B36B17712FF8A42E144EA49685AFB" blockId="17.[151,530,1450,1475]" box="[151,530,1450,1475]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="FB2381DD7712FF8A42E144EA49685AFB" bold="true" box="[151,530,1450,1475]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A42E144EA49685AFB" bold="true" box="[151,530,1450,1475]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Discussion of
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A434C44EA4AC65AFB" ID-CoL="84RL4" box="[314,444,1450,1475]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A434C44EA4AC65AFB" bold="true" box="[314,444,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mourellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="899357D87712FF8A43B244EB49685AFB" box="[452,530,1451,1475]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A06B36B17712FF8A42E144B34E165882" blockId="17.[151,1437,1522,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407712FF8A42E144B34A455932" author="Harmer" box="[151,319,1522,1546]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
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described two forms of
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A402344B3486F5932" box="[597,789,1522,1546]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cymuloporidae" genus="Crepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A402344B3486F5932" box="[597,789,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Crepis decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: an erect, multiserial form, with avicularia, and a repent, uniserial form, without avicularia. Although it is not impossible that an encrusting uniserial network give rise to a multiserial erect part, as
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<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407712FF8A43C3477B4924596A" author="Harmer" box="[437,606,1594,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
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argued, in the absence of direct evidence that this is the case it appears unlikely that both forms belong to a single species. The erect form, here described as
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A46F1471E4E07594E" box="[1159,1405,1630,1654]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A46F1471E4E07594E" box="[1159,1405,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mourellina decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="899357D87712FF8A47F1471F4BA559A2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, forms quadriserial branches having a strict growth pattern, with the four-seried stems bifurcating into two biserial branches. Some autozooids are replaced by vicarious avicularia (
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<figureCitation id="38EF2A347712FF8A41B247E64F4F5986" box="[964,1077,1702,1726]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 – 38" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,927,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,927,1915]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 34 – 38. Mourellina decussata (Harmer, 1926) n. comb. (ZMA V. Bry. 1811, lectotype). 34, part of a colony; 35, a dichotomy; 36, 37, projecting portion of autozooids showing the cryptocyst; 38, a vicarious avicularium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203926/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 38</figureCitation>
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), each provided with a polypide (
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<figureCitation id="38EF2A347712FF8A42E8478A4A6A59DA" box="[158,272,1738,1762]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 42" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1714,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1687]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,195,1688]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 42. Mourellina decussata (Harmer, 1926) n. comb. 39, a dichotomy (ZMA Br. 1460, paralectotype); 40, same, lateral branching; 41, same, vicarious avicularia, showing the musculature; 42, internal mural spinules (ZMA V. Br. 875 / 3, paralectotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203927/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 41</figureCitation>
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). The repent form, here described as
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A40C2478A48E359DA" box="[692,921,1738,1762]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A40C2478A48E359DA" box="[692,921,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mourellina gonzaloi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A41D6478B48A559DB" bold="true" box="[928,991,1739,1763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="899357D87712FF8A41D6478B48A559DB" box="[928,991,1739,1763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, forms uniserial colonies in which new branches are produced by lateral budding from one side of the tubular caudal part of the autozooid and avicularia do not seem to exist. The projecting portion of the zooid is different in both species, being spoon-shaped and as wide as the tubular portion in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A4380467749F65876" box="[502,652,1846,1870]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A4380467749F65876" box="[502,652,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and boat-shaped and wider than the tubular portion in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A477A46774EEF5876" box="[1292,1429,1846,1870]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A477A46774EEF5876" box="[1292,1429,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. gonzaloi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Moreover, zooids are larger in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A438F461B49F4584A" box="[505,654,1882,1906]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A438F461B49F4584A" box="[505,654,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, especially the tubular portion, which is twice as long as in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A4737461B4BB758AE" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A4737461B4BB758AE" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. gonzaloi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Finally, the zooids of
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327712FF8A43A9463F490C58AE" box="[479,630,1918,1942]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37712FF8A43A9463F490C58AE" box="[479,630,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have internal mural spinules, which are absent in the repent species. Overall, we consider both forms to be separate species, something that
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<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407712FF8A41C246E34FEE5882" author="Harmer" box="[948,1172,1954,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926: 320)</bibRefCitation>
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himself suggested.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B341D74FF85ECC" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Nevertheless, the zooidal characters of both species are so similar that it is evident that a close relationship must exist. The zooids in both have the distal part angled outwards from the stem axis, with an adherent tubular proximal portion, the cryptocyst of the dilatation is reduced, and it has an upwardly curving distal lip. In
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89473441A14BB45E24" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89473441A14BB45E24" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. gonzaloi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the new branches are produced by lateral budding from the tubular section of the autozooid; in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89468340454EF25E24" box="[1269,1416,260,284]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89468340454EF25E24" box="[1269,1416,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a new series in a branch is also formed by lateral budding from the cauda, closely applied to the parent zooid. This arrrangement can be seen as a transformation of the lateral branching of the repent species, thus representing a homologous character. Therefore, we believe that the two species must be placed in the same genus. It cannot be
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8942E140D54B9B5E94" box="[151,225,405,428]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cymuloporidae" genus="Crepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8942E140D54B9B5E94" box="[151,225,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Crepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however, because, inter alia, the cryptocyst is much reduced to a small shelf under the frontal membrane; for the same reason it cannot be close to
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89402C40F849B05EE8" box="[602,714,440,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Chlidoniidae" genus="Chlidonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89402C40F849B05EE8" box="[602,714,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chlidonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. We therefore propose here to erect a new genus for the two species, whose particular characteristics justify, in our opinion its placement in a new family.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B343404E665CF0" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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As stated above, internal mural spinules are present only in
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8941284341488B5D20" box="[862,1009,512,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8941284341488B5D20" box="[862,1009,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. decussata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="899357D87711FF89418F43414F205D2F" box="[1017,1114,511,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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These spinules are visible in the material preserved in alcohol (ZMA V.Br. 875/3) (
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<figureCitation id="38EF2A347711FF894089436448285D04" box="[767,850,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 42" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1714,1737]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1687]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,195,1688]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 42. Mourellina decussata (Harmer, 1926) n. comb. 39, a dichotomy (ZMA Br. 1460, paralectotype); 40, same, lateral branching; 41, same, vicarious avicularia, showing the musculature; 42, internal mural spinules (ZMA V. Br. 875 / 3, paralectotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203927/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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) but not in the slides (e.g. NHMUK 1928.3.6.121). Owing to the scarcity of material, and to its state of preservation after a century in alcohol, we were not able to determine if some of these structures are free internal spicules. We made histological cuts of a small portion of a branch, in which it was not possible to observe free spicules or internal spinules. Fresh material would be necessary to determine this one way or the other. If there are indeed free spicules, the genus would be one of only a few to exhibit them. The family
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<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8943C9439848315DC8" authority="Levinsen, 1902" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1902" box="[447,843,728,752]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
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Thalamoporellidae
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<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8940EA439848315DC8" author="Levinsen" box="[668,843,728,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1902) Studies on Bryozoa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Foreningi Kobenhavn, 54, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1902">Levinsen, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is apparently unique among Bryozoa in possessing such spicules (see e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8943E143BD49555C2C" author="Harmer" box="[407,559,764,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89404D43BC483B5C2C" author="Gordon" box="[571,833,764,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Gordon D. P. & Parker, S. A. (1991) An aberrant new genus and subfamily of the spiculate bryozoan family Thalamoporeilidae epiphytic on Posidonia. Journal of Natural History, 25, 1363 - 1378." type="journal article" year="1991">Gordon & Parker 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The characters of this family, however, are very different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89436B42604AC65C00" box="[285,444,800,824]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Mourellinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
n. fam.; moreover, thalamoporellid spicules have a very precise geometric form. On the other hand, simple or branching mural spinules have been reported in other cheilostome families that are taxonomically unrelated — in certain species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF894026422849BB5CB8" box="[592,705,872,896]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Electridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89408142284FA25CB8" authority="Gordon & Parker 1991" authorityName="Gordon & Parker" authorityYear="1991" box="[759,1240,872,896]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
Membraniporidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8941BB42284FAA5CB8" author="Gordon" box="[973,1232,872,896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Gordon D. P. & Parker, S. A. (1991) An aberrant new genus and subfamily of the spiculate bryozoan family Thalamoporeilidae epiphytic on Posidonia. Journal of Natural History, 25, 1363 - 1378." type="journal article" year="1991">Gordon & Parker 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89477B42284EE65CB8" box="[1293,1436,872,896]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Celleporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8942E842CC4A045C9C" author="Voigt" box="[158,382,908,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Voight, E. & Cook, P. L. (1983) Interior spinous processes in a cheilostome bryozoan: Celleporina porosissima Harmer, 1957. Verhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlischen Vereins zu Hamburg, 26, 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="1983">Voigt & Cook 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8943FF42CC494E5C9C" author="Mawatari" box="[393,564,908,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Mawatari, S. F. (1986) A new genus and species of celleporid bryozoan with ancestrula triad from Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Natural History, 20, 193 - 202." type="journal article" year="1986">Mawatari 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) they project from the zooidal walls into the coelom. The presence or absence of internal mural spinules in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8943AC42F0492D5CF0" box="[474,599,944,968]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8943AC42F0492D5CF0" box="[474,599,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mourellina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="899357D87711FF89402B42F149D35CF1" box="[605,681,945,969]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
may have no taxonomic significance at the genus level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B3429449335B98" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The proximal end of the colony is not present in any of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89466642954FDF5CD4" box="[1040,1189,980,1004]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89466642954FDF5CD4" box="[1040,1189,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. decussata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so it is not known if there is a basal encrusting part or rhizoids. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8940D242B948995B28" authority="Harmer (1926)" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1926" box="[676,995,1016,1040]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8940D242B948505B28" box="[676,810,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. gonzaloi</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89414C42B948995B28" author="Harmer" box="[826,995,1016,1040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described colony growth from a small basal disc that produces the first zooid. This pattern actually corresponds to the general branching pattern, quite abundant in the material examined (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="38EF2A347711FF89402A450049CA5B60" box="[604,688,1088,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 47" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1755,1778]" captionTargetBox="[252,1335,424,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[246,1340,409,1734]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 47. Mourellina gonzaloi n. sp. (ZMA V. Br. 875 / 5, holotype) 43, view of the colony; note the typical branching pattern (arrow up left); 44, 45, projecting portion of autozooids; 46, whole autozooids; 47, a new branch detached from the parent zooid." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203928/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 43</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="38EF2A347711FF89409F450048735B60" box="[745,777,1088,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="17.[151,264,983,1006]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,411,962]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,411,962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. Mourellina gonzaloi n. sp. (ZMA Br. 1450, paratype) 48, branching pattern (arrow: connection with the main axis); 49, a new branch detached from the parent zooid; note the basal disc." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203929/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">48</figureCitation>
|
||
). It seems that the new branch is easily detached from the parent zooid, pulling off the cuticular rim of the basal pore, resembling a basal disc (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89460945254E6D5B44" author="Harmer" box="[1151,1303,1124,1148]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 b, 183 - 501." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 15, figs 9, 12 and
|
||
<figureCitation id="38EF2A347711FF89437345C84A2F5B98" box="[261,341,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="17.[151,264,983,1006]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,411,962]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,411,962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. Mourellina gonzaloi n. sp. (ZMA Br. 1450, paratype) 48, branching pattern (arrow: connection with the main axis); 49, a new branch detached from the parent zooid; note the basal disc." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203929/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="672C9B547711FF89434F45C84A2F5B98" box="[313,341,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2446" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="49.0">49</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in the present paper).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B345EC48295BD1" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The phylogenetic position of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89404045EC49AF5BFC" box="[566,725,1196,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Mourellinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
will not be clarified until more material is collected, with information about its reproduction, larvae, ancestrula and astogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B345B548DD5A6C" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
In the superfamily Calloporoidea, the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8940B145B44F545A34" authority="Gordon, 1984" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1984" box="[711,1070,1268,1292]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Quadricellariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
Quadricellariidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8941E745B44F545A34" author="Gordon" box="[913,1070,1268,1292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1984) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 91, 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also presents quadriserial stems and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8942B044584AA45A08" authority="Mawatari, 1974" authorityName="Mawatari" authorityYear="1974" box="[198,478,1304,1328]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Quadricellariidae" genus="Nelliella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8942B044584A5C5A08" box="[198,294,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nelliella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89435B44584AA45A08" author="Mawatari" box="[301,478,1304,1328]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Mawatari, S. F. (1974) Studies on Japanese anascan Bryozoa. 3. Division Malacostega (1). Bulletin of the National Science Museum Tokyo, 17, 17 - 52." type="journal article" year="1974">Mawatari, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has vicarious avicularia. However, the zooids in this family are essentially hexagonal to rectangular, flat-surfaced, and not divided in two different portions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B3442048ED5914" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Within the Buguloidea,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8943AF4420492C5A40" box="[473,598,1376,1400]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8943AF4420492C5A40" box="[473,598,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mourellina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may share some characters with the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89462C44204EE65A40" authority="Gregory, 1893" authorityName="Gregory" authorityYear="1893" box="[1114,1436,1376,1400]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Epistomiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">
|
||
Epistomiidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89468E44204EE65A40" author="Gregory" box="[1272,1436,1376,1400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Gregory, J. W. (1893) On the British Palaeogene Bryozoa. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 13, 219 - 279." type="journal article" year="1893">Gregory, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89434944C449135AA4" authority="Kluge, 1962" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1962" box="[319,617,1412,1436]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bugulidae" genus="Nordgaardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89434944C44AB55AA4" box="[319,463,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nordgaardia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8943AE44C449135AA4" author="Kluge" box="[472,617,1412,1436]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Kluge, G. A. (1962). [Mshanki Severnykh Morei SSR]. Bryozoa of the northern seas of the USSR. Opredelitii po Faune SSSR, Izdavaemye Zoologicheskim Muzeem Akademii Nauk 76: 1 - 584 [In Russian]. (1975, English translation, Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, New Delhi)." type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both taxa present erect colonies and paired zooids with a long tubular portion and a distal dilatation with an extensive area of membranous frontal wall. Both also present strict patterns of branching (see detailed descriptions in e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8940E8448D48DA5ADC" author="Prenant" box="[670,928,1484,1508]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Prenant, M. & Bobin, G. (1966) Bryozoaires, 2 e partie. Chilostomes Anasca. Faune de France, 68, 1 - 647." type="journal article" year="1966">Prenant & Bobin 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF8941DA448C4F2C5ADC" author="Hayward" box="[940,1110,1484,1508]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1978) Bryozoa from the west European continental slope. Journal of Zoology, London, 184, 207 - 224." type="journal article" year="1978">Hayward 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF894614448C4FA55ADC" author="Cook" box="[1122,1247,1484,1508]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Cook, P. L. (2001) Notes on the genera Nordgaardia and Uschakovia (Bryozoa: Bugulidae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 58, 215 - 222." type="journal article" year="2001">Cook 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that differ from what is found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89432444B04AB55930" box="[338,463,1520,1544]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89432444B04AB55930" box="[338,463,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mourellina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, these taxa lack a cryptocyst and vicarious avicularia. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8946D344B04E435930" box="[1189,1337,1520,1544]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Epistomiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Epistomiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents branches with dorsal and frontal sides and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8940034754487F5914" box="[629,773,1556,1580]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bugulidae" genus="Nordgaardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8940034754487F5914" box="[629,773,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nordgaardia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has ovicells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B347794885594C" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
From the appearance of the zooids, the lightness of calcification and the scarce development of the cryptocyst, this family might have affinities with the superfamily Buguloidea
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4454B407711FF89410A471C4881594C" author="Gray" box="[892,1019,1628,1652]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Gray, J. E. (1848) List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Centrionae or radiated animals. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 173 p. [Polyzoa pp. 91 - 151]." type="book chapter" year="1848">Gray, 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A06B36B17711FF8942B347C049945984" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF89437547C14AED59A0" box="[259,407,1664,1688]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="decussata">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF89437547C14AED59A0" box="[259,407,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. decussata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67D44D327711FF8943B947C1492F59A0" box="[463,597,1664,1688]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Mourellinidae" genus="Mourellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gonzaloi">
|
||
<emphasis id="92A0EAA37711FF8943B947C1492F59A0" box="[463,597,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. gonzaloi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected from the Banda Sea,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C376217711FF89464747C04FDB59A0" box="[1073,1185,1664,1688]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the former at
|
||
<quantity id="672C9B547711FF89473147C04EE659A0" box="[1351,1436,1664,1688]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.081" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="2081.0">2081 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, and the latter between 1158 and
|
||
<quantity id="672C9B547711FF89403847E449D85984" box="[590,674,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1119999999999997" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="3112.0">3112 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |