146 lines
15 KiB
XML
146 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="26CB7682FD5CF4737D28CB9AA8DD8281" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e4b701e-75de-45e2-89dc-223d460e755d" ID-PMC="PMC4283717" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-461-1" ID-PubMed="25561859" ID-ZooBank="350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-461-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 461" ModsDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Hübner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Área de Conservación Guanacaste" checkinTime="1451244993677" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie, Powell, Jerry A., Hallwachs, Winnie & Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2014" docId="2724E8D1DF65A78374CA800FCC35B64A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 461: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 461" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" docTitle="Ethmia mnesicosma Meyrick" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFD67D05FF9E2613FFE7FFFAA724FFAC" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1701317000312" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7A62890973913999740EB65410EB19C0">A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E585D9DF275876A4AEB9DF6C008A32F2">Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="99D5F140AECA2E3D999C9458EF1334ED">Powell, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FA08FACF030C5BD4376AB515FDD9877F">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1453619CD84FCA7B1A631578365F9295">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="986A1FC49F002D01C84F3063A07BA516">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="B27E3D133A6F60887FD8702E1FBA5DA0">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A695A1C4D0B55EBBB88F09EF58CEA8B2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D21B2992844B3704EE0778C0370C01F0">461</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5CE9A77A7E78BA7700C4D147FB601FEE">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2450DD74A637A15E7A9D124ECD5AE41D">86</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="1B53565BABB6C38DA8B1918044D29E32">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="37D8A418D85BB71F0B501404DE062B35">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EB764F46D7C7983F3B7C4E9AA5D1B28F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2724E8D1DF65A78374CA800FCC35B64A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192935984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2724E8D1DF65A78374CA800FCC35B64A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2724E8D1DF65A78374CA800FCC35B64A" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="79A63F775AA340261611CB9D6CDCFA2E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="39AE74C41530B2ADE7F064AB8D734240" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Depressariidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD329632C8DF419DFB2553BD99EDF47A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B29CFA6C68CCAF4E1809A984A25E3AE5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="8204DA179267839749F55C16545C7036" authority="Meyrick" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">Ethmia mnesicosma Meyrick</taxonomicName>
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Figures 16, 61, 106, 140, 155
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E8FE1C156203E0C78DE4C5B9D12E9718" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="31FC8EC6F9F0A574AC5ADBF93AD1BD00" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="460E45407E22699AC353EFA49B61EB91" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">
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<pageBreakToken id="BC66851B61FCCE469889805E9F773679" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">Ethmia</pageBreakToken>
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mnesicosma
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</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1924: 119;
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<bibRefCitation id="366D5D6E28339592A41C683A7ACCCDC8" author="Powell, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" title="A systematic monograph of New World Ethmiid moths." volume="120" year="1973">Powell 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 148.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB81F598DBB2C1167557643A7B90F814" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A2E3173E5764EFF95F38CDC1AE1C8189" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F67C65B330EDF6B58B6C241E4147F4E2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="82ABCE9F42956718E2A6FACEE12C0098" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">Ethmia mnesicosma</taxonomicName>
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has a FW pattern similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="E9E0EFA3FD1E13C9794C9D4FDFE15CFD" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia exornata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exornata">Ethmia exornata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FC7321FC390703675ED7E27C0906737F" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia dianemillerae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dianemillerae">Ethmia dianemillerae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="BE5B6C686363AB647E6F735F5636EB2C" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia adrianforsythi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adrianforsythi">Ethmia adrianforsythi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="1F10C049738FCBBC6DBB3C45E932FEE0" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia phylacis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phylacis">Ethmia phylacis</taxonomicName>
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but specimens are smaller and have the basal blue dark spotting extended over the posterior half of the base of the FW.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31003F91DFF2705544E918E85C0F4AB8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D191609B9E79FFEA84D1E33020B0600E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="514BCEB3F9335D8536D4192A29BB04DC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Male FW length: 7.5-8.9 (n = 4). Head: Labial palpus curved barely reaching base of antenna, smooth scale white, first and second segment tingled with brownish, third segment white. Base of antenna dorsum black with white spots near head. Proboscis brownish, head with white long scales. Thorax: Whitish with dark gray markings narrow in the base of collar, broad on base of tegula, a large spot on scutellum sometimes split in two longitudinally by white; underside light brown, white laterally. FW ground color white, several dark spots in costal and posterior half; a light brown narrow band starting 0.25
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<normalizedToken id="5A0C4744FCD89BF00E9CF864B671A29C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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from base of costa to 0.70
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<normalizedToken id="E23C2ADCFEBDC07DF0F43FA62781EB3C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of FW, base of costa white split by dark spot; a large reddish spot surrounded by brown from middle of cell to dorsal, from antemedial to postmedial line; termen reddish finishing golden, two big spots on costal and posterior half preceding termen. HW costal area simple, ground color light brownish with termen pale ochreus. Abdomen: Dorsal scaling brownish, white lateral, genital scaling pale ochreous. Genitalia (Fig. 61) with uncus simple, without lateral arms; gnathos large with posterior large spines; basal processes broad; anterior margin of valva nearly entire, sacculus not separated by a deep notch.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7C999A625399513EF0BF5AD198BA62F8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Female: FW length 8.9-9.2 mm (n = 3). Head and thorax: As described for male, except HW darker. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 106) with sterigma slightly sclerotized; antrum enlarged sclerotized, with many inwardly directed spurs; signum a deep fold with a row of teeth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B0893ABE12E812BB935A9DFF1643B996" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Lectotype. Female: Costa Rica, San
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<normalizedToken id="DE3CE9059BA0EC99823958AF5C8C5057" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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, lectotype by
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<bibRefCitation id="920A39E8670F4AF06B667C40A6478AEA" author="Clarke, JFG" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" title="Catalogue of the type Specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick - Volume 5, Timyridae, Hyponomeutidae, Ethmiidae." year="1965">Clarke (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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[BMNH, examined].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55E443657B9D40EFC5C9C8E76ED5C368" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph id="2E5FB142F59D1ECC2BEF2C88F6546790" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B39EF517E3667B9CBD63C2BC9E2A9558" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="5BB279D28363977B5B97F73C5EE0E61C" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">Ethmia mnesicosma</taxonomicName>
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has been collected from both coasts in southern Mexico, to northern Venezuela, Trinidad and in southern Brazil. In Costa Rica (Fig. 155)
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<taxonomicName id="8763682F16B2C9B3F70B160651BB90C1" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">Ethmia mnesicosma</taxonomicName>
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has been found on both slopes of Cordillera de Guanacaste at middle elevations and on the
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<normalizedToken id="74F9497A94274148C2D0ABEA4FB90F71" originalValue="Península">Peninsula</normalizedToken>
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de Nicoya. It has been found in ACG dry and rain forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7440D6C200969B3D0AC496CC337DA748" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="food plant records">
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<paragraph id="6BA39CB19FEE7B2DDCA807C5E4F2C66D" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Food plant records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E9425E8C626FCD06815DB834BA55D159" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="C55F30B4BE1D9AA3949146CDA8991319" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia mnesicosma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnesicosma">Ethmia mnesicosma</taxonomicName>
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has been reared from larvae feeding on
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<taxonomicName id="D12EDAEB9BE6D6525F08BD9654608DAB" family="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="84D71DC7A7DFD4E18A9B47A6942C39BF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cordia alliodora" order="Boraginales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alliodora">Cordia alliodora</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="04A8B89918CD5DC210C4FAAD3D2736CA" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="immature stages">
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<paragraph id="5728117F6DB0405C1DEE6E326FAD5539" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Immature stages</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="032FB81624A6A92DA776262D2CB9ECC3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">(Fig. 139). Dorsum: Head capsule and prothoracic shield black with yellowish dots, pattern of regular blocks of yellow and white squared markings alternating every 3 to 4 segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C7345CEF239DBE0E4B121293DE03DA6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Parasitoids.
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<taxonomicName id="A05D79DA365FF15CBA6674D19917A16B" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="500DB0A349CF601AEA2E36B166583FE7" family="Tachinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Tachinidae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="1AF3108180342D623B57B8143443FBD8" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Hemisturmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemisturmia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hemisturmia</taxonomicName>
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Wood02 (n = 25),
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<taxonomicName id="57E6322CE4271E62EEEB7609F576F590" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Frontiniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Frontiniella" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Frontiniella</taxonomicName>
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Wood01 (n = 24).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |