treatments-xml/data/26/6E/F1/266EF146DD2B5F0FAE924101D1F488A0.xml

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<mods:title id="5863BB9851CFBA53DE7E78748BA25C1A">Distribution of trichodorid species in mainland China with description of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov. (Nematoda, Triplonchida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C5E8543690EF95748992CBC71E3CC45">Li, Xuqing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E20D5F558858634DDAB2D58501D68E4D">Laboratory of Plant Nematology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture &amp; Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China &amp; Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88B9942D0835ADEDB79EBC15370B655A">Maria, Munawar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F434AD864F8BF77735E7F459DB620043">Laboratory of Plant Nematology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture &amp; Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC5AFE49227E498A7DF04536250DE964">Cai, Ruihang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="243EC15715B5C64AD57E37821207850C">Laboratory of Plant Nematology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture &amp; Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0298DB8A8CE44998C6ED3DC4009E6192">Barsalote, Eda Marie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="56470E93D16FA3CC997D34EC71D82F5E">Laboratory of Plant Nematology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture &amp; Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EA9E8DF63B9C3A699B0DF9109A713EA5">Peneva, Vlada</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="92D657BDAC188375EED9334E20D3A8C9">Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BFA998F4B27210447FA361B1F599149D">Zheng, Jingwu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="737DE52BAA739C06476809FDA779AD4D">Laboratory of Plant Nematology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture &amp; Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China &amp; Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C86DB17D4B4E67B6DE7B22247D94FA76">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="266EF146DD2B5F0FAE924101D1F488A0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164910965" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F0E3BA04-6CB9-4333-9477-1E2DCB844DB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/266EF146DD2B5F0FAE924101D1F488A0" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" scope_family="Trichodoridae" scope_order="Triplonchida" scope_phylum="Nematoda">
<subSubSection id="9A849F38F2BED1F2E0E582C5E8D1BE3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8CCF724BD4E78E9DEE556C5ADC1E7505" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="581265EF7724384B8684FE2D3FE71B57" LSID="266EF146-DD2B-5F0F-AE92-4101D1F488A0" authority="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng, 2020" authorityName="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng" authorityYear="2020" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus hangzhouensis" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis" status="sp. nov.">Trichodorus hangzhouensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FD004E9830BC8418E6484373808C38A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B1CEB11387B561CAEF4B04247F1A91E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="057AE2786030B5732A32A703D5C31F0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
(Figs 
<figureCitation id="718A7C30C0ECC085EFB82B37D4F04874" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Line drawings of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov., paratypes, Male A entire body B pharyngeal region C surface view D, E posterior end F spicule G germinal zone of testis. Scale bars: 50 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428630" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">1</figureCitation>
- 
<figureCitation id="AF90E8A54FA7D78CCAEFE43C716B4D6F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Light photomicrographs of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov., paratypes A female entire body, arrow points vulva B male entire body C, D anterior region of female E pharyngeal region of male, arrows pointing position of cervical papillae (CP) and excretory pore (exp) F, G vulval region H, I female tail, arrows pointing position of anus (a) J-L male tail, arrows pointing position of male tail supplements (SP). Scale bars: 100 μm (A, B) 20 μm (C-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428632" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">3</figureCitation>
, For measurements see Table 
<tableCitation id="86D7573C47111221121264761A05F9DB" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov. males and females. All measurements are in µm and in the form: mean + / - SD (range)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B63D2C68CCEE3DCDD3FA261472AD149" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" tableUuid="6B63D2C68CCEE3DCDD3FA261472AD149">1</tableCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="1B9C5245A25FBF886B6EB3360B0CCC5C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Male.</emphasis>
Body cylindrical with posterior end slightly curved ventrally. Cuticle slightly swollen upon fixation, 2.0-2.5 
<normalizedToken id="F7A1B2B3C6E73BBBB3DDEB06EA27A7FE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick at mid-body. Lip region dome-shaped with double papillae (composed of outer labial and cephalic papillae). Amphidial aperture post-labial, slit-like, amphidial fovea cup-shaped. Stoma narrow, refractive strengthening rods 4-5 
<normalizedToken id="3F025E3F0FAD4805077DFEB858EB0D5D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long. Nerve ring surrounding the anterior part of isthmus. Slender mid part of pharynx gradually widening to form a pharyngeal bulb. Five pharyngeal gland nuclei visible, the first ventrosublateral pair obscure. Pharyngeal bulb offset from intestine. Cardia conoid, difficult to observe. Three ventromedian CP present anterior to the secretory-excretory pore (S-E), the latter opposite isthmus or anterior end of pharyngeal bulb. CPl situated opposite the end of pharyngostom to mid-isthmus, distance of CPl-CP2, CP2-CP3 and CP3-SE becomes gradually shorter. Lateral cervical pores not clearly seen. Reproductive system typical of the genus, i.e., with a single anterior outstretched testis, short germinal zone, seminal vesicle packed with large round sperm cells with fibrillar structure and a sausage-shaped central nucleus. Spicules paired, relatively short 33.2 (32.0-34.5) 
<normalizedToken id="F0C6D6F13481777AF74E30312FAFE1DD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, in holotype 34.5 
<normalizedToken id="C7180A085719A69E21E76A059E3FCEE3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, slightly ventrally curved. Capitulum widened, slightly marked, lamina partially striated, tapers gradually to the distal end, no bristles at striation. Gubernaculum having a keel-like thickening and proximal end visible between spicules (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="95B4B77754FEF371B329A3587A4C2D1C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Line drawings of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov., paratypes, Male A entire body B pharyngeal region C surface view D, E posterior end F spicule G germinal zone of testis. Scale bars: 50 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428630" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">1E</figureCitation>
). Three ventromedian precloacal supplements (SP) present. The posterior-most one (SP1) at the level of spicule capitulum, the SP2 slightly less than, or equal to one spicule length anterior to the SP1. The anterior most (SP3), 1.0-1.5 times spicule length apart from SP2. Cloacal lip rounded; slightly protruded, post-cloacal papillae not prominent. Tail short, conoid, less than one cloacal diameter long with one pair of subterminal subventral pores.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="42B6CE13611B99304D86649DAEED6791" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="524343467976B63A4667FD757992D449" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Line drawings of 
<taxonomicName id="085047F540170B2711FC253249B282FE" authorityName="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng" authorityYear="2020" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus hangzhouensis" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="ED4BBA4C52AD1739CA8786B67F0D338B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., paratypes, Male 
<emphasis id="29BCD41BA188846E0DDAD2951B5C146F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">A</emphasis>
entire body 
<emphasis id="B06511CA28CB0431BA273AC408709CFD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">B</emphasis>
pharyngeal region 
<emphasis id="C3717770F3BEEC8A08390510440A8F72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">C</emphasis>
surface view 
<emphasis id="8AB14CC93A74DBA6D9645C060DFEB92D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">D, E</emphasis>
posterior end 
<emphasis id="1430F2EFB3A45E37C503EECB5A6284B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">F</emphasis>
spicule 
<emphasis id="0F88809E339D4DA8D2E691E32F3C86A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">G</emphasis>
germinal zone of testis. Scale bars: 50 
<normalizedToken id="01115BB7463FB241B70843D8E49C5B8A" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FDB277F947614EFA4E2B56D9876D503E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428631" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="E3CEA2C75C6E34832088C20DA4894ED7" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="8CA59D852B44D7AF3E74F6F530952F1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Line drawings of 
<taxonomicName id="F7B27C0DBC06B63B7709CADB7832F40D" authorityName="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng" authorityYear="2020" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus hangzhouensis" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="272EED5D4613731BC8276C5D5510CC92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., paratypes, Female 
<emphasis id="630AB020C0BB0AF55DD57FA9C658A7BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">A</emphasis>
entire body 
<emphasis id="0C9AE61CA21AC48A2A97C72F80A9BEF4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">B, C</emphasis>
pharyngeal region 
<emphasis id="2E1E1E32C0F454BD0737B65323A5A888" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">D</emphasis>
genital branches 
<emphasis id="A7511FD3F1F355431E377A9E839561FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">E-G</emphasis>
vulval region, lateral view 
<emphasis id="8B662C856A1AF81B2DDC345CF47A7725" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">H</emphasis>
vulva, ventral view 
<emphasis id="A87C940C23760D149B5115DC6576E85B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">I</emphasis>
anterior genital branch 
<emphasis id="0BF655C81A9A999EA60E92457E5C667A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">J</emphasis>
copulatory plugs 
<emphasis id="9996F91EDF625DDF14D550F53668904E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">K, L</emphasis>
posterior ends. Scale bars: 50 
<normalizedToken id="2E974F1874EF46EE4F50E9103C43F160" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C25B3EC4D544452B12D3898EF7D3FAF9" doi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428632" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="EC7E6EFB1690248FAB1D869E726442A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="226C794732625263ABB9F2D869DCC291" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Light photomicrographs of 
<taxonomicName id="32DBDB198D45351529690798FE0EC6AA" authorityName="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng" authorityYear="2020" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus hangzhouensis" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="4B30EC78056788EDDEC7625414041675" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., paratypes 
<emphasis id="DFCB1624231D151E8F44BA20D4B665A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">A</emphasis>
female entire body, arrow points vulva 
<emphasis id="7CA96AEE2A15B5D06A7F7FE6170E88F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">B</emphasis>
male entire body 
<emphasis id="2811A3B00EBEBBF7C06F20FD0C46D56D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">C, D</emphasis>
anterior region of female 
<emphasis id="2AE5BBE232AE0BE9B93155040586580B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">E</emphasis>
pharyngeal region of male, arrows pointing position of cervical papillae (CP) and excretory pore (exp) 
<emphasis id="4586CC82EAC7BE62116EE3B590D05ACF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">F, G</emphasis>
vulval region 
<emphasis id="2015FF53BC733FE83000B30CA2197671" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">H, I</emphasis>
female tail, arrows pointing position of anus (a) 
<emphasis id="FAAA7CE82D1BFDA8093D5D78D955AB64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">J-L</emphasis>
male tail, arrows pointing position of male tail supplements (SP). Scale bars: 100 
<normalizedToken id="A876F33E55403DB5C3A0D24698BA4F72" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="CE1963031718E4A2300164BFA141F2DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">A, B</emphasis>
) 20 
<normalizedToken id="EEF1C9CD89D4AFCE4A2EB901B6E54D70" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="C70B3121F27BF25182113A8DD1F71756" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">C-L</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A6A5413A235D182C526DC3E5199389CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="1CFDD3172AA0BDA3D1B1B0DAAC7757DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Female.</emphasis>
Body straight or slightly curved upon heat relaxation. Anterior region similar to that of male except for secondary male characteristics. S-E pore located opposite isthmus or anterior part of pharyngeal bulb. Reproductive system didelphic amphidelphic with reflexed ovaries. Two finely granular oviduct cells at the tip of reflexed ovary, sperm round in shape distributed in the distal part of the uteri. Vagina well developed, 
<emphasis id="A2FFE8BD89453E73B99DFE46A5F65C3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">pars proximalis vaginae</emphasis>
barrel shaped in lateral optical view extending less than half corresponding body diameter. Sclerotized vaginal pieces (= 
<emphasis id="B2A7B2D441CCDD89EE5A3B7C116D425F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">pars refringes vaginae</emphasis>
) rounded triangular with tips directed towards vulva, pieces 1.5-2.0 
<normalizedToken id="5A82539E142ABD172480E95C99FA86E1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
sized, at about 1.0 
<normalizedToken id="A38AB0418112DB7A96BD198CE40DC4B9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
distance from each other, vulva pore-like in ventral view. Copulatory plug observed in uterus of two specimens. One pair of sublateral body pores almost opposite the vulva. Tail terminus conoid to rounded, anus subterminal, caudal pores subventral, immediately posterior to anus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6B63D2C68CCEE3DCDD3FA261472AD149" ID-Table-UUID="6B63D2C68CCEE3DCDD3FA261472AD149" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B63D2C68CCEE3DCDD3FA261472AD149" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="7D949409263EC6B0DD1FBA18CB16FB6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="BA5FE8D7983F7CC3BDD802FED5015AFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Table 1.</emphasis>
Measurements of 
<taxonomicName id="DB2998E00ADA2773AF42A885A1FF79FF" authorityName="Li &amp; Maria &amp; Cai &amp; Barsalote &amp; Peneva &amp; Zheng" authorityYear="2020" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus hangzhouensis" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="966A00BFFC75D210F79456DD235A336C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. males and females. All measurements are in 
<normalizedToken id="C71EC578180667A9B6273B7C6F8FC1C5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
and in the form: mean 
<normalizedToken id="B84333F43D4D19CAD9A250F32E3B34AC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
SD (range).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9139EE6CAA0386BADBE0C3C30F1785D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<table id="5913C2F4683B740021D0F4BEFEF3EC65" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<tr id="EE7E090DE31A229C64E389B72501812C" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<th id="38EEC8DE9A7BAF8663EDD42ED4789553" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="2">Characters</th>
<th id="C3C37CDFB696C60F32883F741C6D3C5D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Holotype</th>
<th id="B2477C2509C30997B731E6941E7D2F7E" colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Paratypes</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4B3559EE78A31A7E75327D756D51EF03" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<th id="95719CA0E80A6F0335B84A3C9E146377" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Male</th>
<th id="9EC55EEE1C3B9326B3EB6DE88049AA4C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Males</th>
<th id="89FF367617527836A51AFAB23E805EDA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Females</th>
</tr>
<tr id="13091360981C2ED4DB12F2C4B1BB46A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="B0CFECD895AC20AF0C3F2E5AE0906633" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">n</td>
<td id="DE1AF679F778A14102365463FA4929FE" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="5BAECAE754C277348CA8852B1D917D2B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td id="6F47704A399DD25C9C0812A8E17C5E2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3C575B5C4AD6FC605441A677E6EDBF5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="54969E2FA58AF46CBD5881A2AFA44869" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">L</td>
<td id="87BE3FFA023510A2F4D016B19787DAD6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">708</td>
<td id="CB1C537B7680B21B682E1AB513E79316" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
689.9 
<normalizedToken id="1E2BF6E78A08F2FB1C8226EB9943E0A0" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
30.4 (628-727)
</td>
<td id="CAB5C1BF2C1F129BADF44E374BC95D2C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
686.2 
<normalizedToken id="1962EC4598A632CD71340118EDCDCBDE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
29.8(646-744)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5731E76E0681356907F1AB4AB38C1A71" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="6CE012DAFC230ED976B95A249561C445" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Body diameter</td>
<td id="0169A972DBC8087B8BA7C9FE5771ED9B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">33</td>
<td id="1F063B6750ED2201D3C09022DFB483BB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
33.8 
<normalizedToken id="AAEDABB62753E6183652AAC607F9A198" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.2 (29-36)
</td>
<td id="156C14913E2F1153CB483B5BACBCB4A6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
40.4 
<normalizedToken id="E1C602A4FD5DAACC1E4A1689EE08B309" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.3 (36.0-47.0)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B1A8E9ECEF89EE57C6FB1E421A0C6FE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="7F9F1B3A398F296E25202F0DCDBC0CD8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Pharynx</td>
<td id="10FAA09D561BC5AA65FA7FD87C713F90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">145</td>
<td id="26A22442320E123E804A7EA207FFAC08" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
140.8 
<normalizedToken id="644B23D7F3B0569D7EABB26E046B01A5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8.3 (125-146)
</td>
<td id="6325F861EB0D68A7E3D5205B7C361537" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
143.3 
<normalizedToken id="447019909BD948B1C9A7DA9672C33AB8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
15.0 (117-171)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DD9C92326F6AC792214056CD949E5C20" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="85E7F29F8DA87C8A1B9DB54545434117" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Onchiostyle</td>
<td id="CC66EDCE442D70D9FD7DF42937BB1FC9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">48</td>
<td id="687D92C9CD2D183DE86D17FF4D0DACB7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
48.1 
<normalizedToken id="4EE55120443350AD09866081791892EF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.2 (46-49)
</td>
<td id="6A800CE8B5DB72517B2D5C84FC301135" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
49.3 
<normalizedToken id="2E66275383313FCAB2F1F16553D7FE8C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.8 (48-52)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FEE838B34B5B09D1D805A8CCD43BA12B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="69DFCE75CB175F12CA003DAB807BCC10" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Onchium</td>
<td id="CB8574A60F69B55F050383B76C11D8F6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">27</td>
<td id="2E8C44E4E4B5CD0541FE5ABE89D37391" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
26.9 
<normalizedToken id="CDFD354A06DF6ACA08684252D4635948" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.3 (24-28)
</td>
<td id="3BF64E3ACE74AE4E25A71084D47B0E90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
29.4 
<normalizedToken id="5DE2BD84211F9DFB96454D100336AF2B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.9 (27-31)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B01D67BEC6C14BB675823104D279A5B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="565F36F96E676BFF1C30B6AEC7DC7891" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Onchiophore</td>
<td id="E1F8A5813685FF16E339BD45483AECA3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">22</td>
<td id="73FD21BD484EBAD495CEBE5F8986E47E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
21.6 
<normalizedToken id="4035013A6C2F469B041A94E6F7EDFDCC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.7 (21-23)
</td>
<td id="FF76EEC952709F13753F8AA730277F15" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
22.1 
<normalizedToken id="EBDA7651EE70DF5095585EC592BE73D3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.9 (2-23)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="060C77DAEF24CAA5851FA76C4BEB6138" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="58CF13B60903DD203A4B7410E47B6114" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Pharyngostom</td>
<td id="A1FFE5068011FB9585517F61C384AA1A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">53</td>
<td id="7DE28C9D53A5709B05F4C10B21BC35B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
50.5 
<normalizedToken id="851BCE8457A1FF88387A0479EA1F6AA5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.8 (47-54)
</td>
<td id="D2103308C11CCA4B72C4FF827B67C3AA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
54.6 
<normalizedToken id="84DE80854CDFC7ECF1320EE90EBC1491" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.1 (52-56)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3C906F11A754B15E5038733180F5307" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="6726AE2D93557C8CC6527BD6C0937AFF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Ant. end to S-E pore</td>
<td id="624E4F80E607B58692E0791FB5BBE922" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">99</td>
<td id="4905CB7A7D706F41801BEC3C38F2B8BD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
100.0 
<normalizedToken id="48950C3C3C30C843BF568F7E3EE61FF4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.0 (96.5-108)
</td>
<td id="262472E4C41D575C5D0D8BD5DFE44D5D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
96.8 
<normalizedToken id="CE40835DDB6BE568E176453DC2265E19" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8.2 (87-114)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="01E109AB53D226D8AEF4987A7B0CD8BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="F4FF2D44044D687421BA1BBD8E7DBAA4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Ant. genital branch</td>
<td id="823745EF4317830FE15D30583B70775C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="E07E0256B1A08EF4566A7A20006317F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="DA00FD6DC206B7230D1658B6E4CF655E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
174.2 
<normalizedToken id="3112F80449BB3837776A762D6CA7D2DB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6.8 (163-185)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C4E5969DEE262A0D43AB0C1D7CBC9600" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="E43D34873000E75ABA3EF6B2AFCEB38A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Post. genital branch</td>
<td id="30B122F995750A99E2E96433567B34EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="21CCFCE724DF8D017F0EC1C88F8A06DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="91F91B6FCB27DAA60B4AFF42271F8342" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
170.1 
<normalizedToken id="B49E5311C61B588F16440A1039877043" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
15.5 (137-193)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4097D34DB74501BF1923E5FB87D1A666" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="C6AB623B5A48B4E1DAA68E1575AA26EC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">a</td>
<td id="0C1E4E223E68D355B162BEFE420AF3BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">21.3</td>
<td id="6C95A0230AB2ACE38793F4723EC00176" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
20.5 
<normalizedToken id="4D9EBC62106F09D2D4645F90826427AE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.1 (19.0-21.6)
</td>
<td id="C443D5CD544BC0BC1763F568F5DC3F2A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
17.1 
<normalizedToken id="A0B42F36D63EC87CB1AD8965199CE832" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.5 (14.5-19.4)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8E489B1351694963097F66A613090058" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="177F5FD21D7081AF018286E2FA7C2871" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">b</td>
<td id="89CEA3F800E0315443E54EA3C0B9EA6F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">4.9</td>
<td id="3D5965A81AF6B98E9E76826395BCFD30" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
4.9 
<normalizedToken id="60BD0D58FF154ABA05061D11F419984B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4 (4.3-5.6)
</td>
<td id="4E2E74DCDE368CD6A190E191BD56BB9E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
4.8 
<normalizedToken id="CF8A83CF4818A021C5B981321EAD1714" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6 (3.8-6.0)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EE3E90660C36B6B10583816CDDBFC5F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="4CCE1854406BDB1D4CF98EF1C4AC5F89" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">V/T</td>
<td id="35A6D220A4CCDF15523C2742C271F2EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">64.5</td>
<td id="BBA3B31F1E823E3172AEB23D61FADC79" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
65.8 
<normalizedToken id="E5255C3F615E3EE51C53B5967247D789" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.4 (63.9-68.4)
</td>
<td id="5B8DE61B1C13EB7178D92F3893A7D943" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
57.1 
<normalizedToken id="4AEF6630AB03F732A407E38CD992B692" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.0 (53.0-60.0)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="05324919319C7D963ADC300E584E3F67" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="624470B1DB2051B3202AD2F398F97205" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Length of vagina</td>
<td id="836DD669100340D466DEE7C31F19DA29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="D595380DCE217FD90E0E91B6904D0BD8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="E25D55F4662E42EBBFEB22B3E7F3A4BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
15.6 
<normalizedToken id="E940FBEAC32177922AD9A11301BA42DF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.4 (14-19)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8372E9C1E3FC833F38FA1B22819E031" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="C7A68E1BB2B67FA3C3D169DBE298D2BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">CP1-CP2</td>
<td id="1C98484A58E8200AA581945ACA56BD38" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">12</td>
<td id="9BD8BCB02A3D9BC23CCB6B16B413EE05" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
10.9 
<normalizedToken id="3F5046A0510CC76F8BF7B5EBFF72CBD9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.9 (8-12.5)
</td>
<td id="F602537F499811A60EC7F6BA4D293559" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="92997B3DA84F092AB161D6D256260758" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="6F064EE30B0982BF691BF6D25E3D056C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">CP2-CP3</td>
<td id="4EA67487D230A7D8D9655F55D3D9CE51" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td id="3247F4E414E63049897856F6BDD9A28D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
7.9 
<normalizedToken id="1E93CE0BDD8DDF2A75095DAEC87A331B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.7 (5-9)
</td>
<td id="BE9DC452D0A2E4C385034278984BA164" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D29675FF4AE400AD4D0D38339E9E208A" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="0FA61A7645A097A7A2DD06F144AAE701" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">CP3 to S-E pore</td>
<td id="7F5D9AD252598D6273CC84B4BF02E205" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td id="D2ECFA27630920B052485617426C40E5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
6.0 
<normalizedToken id="ABDC8FC012F84F56847176686130AA4E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.5 (4-8)
</td>
<td id="F265C6ECB34484E875870330117EC32E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B2E6AE8F474487072E901B3786B06A89" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="93EB956489C4C62A1EA95C58086BB027" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Spicules</td>
<td id="557ECDA504D39946405751603BDBD3B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">34.5</td>
<td id="120C0833CD0B564201759B49DA98D807" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
33.2 
<normalizedToken id="B9E252D8734CBB0233A6C75E44FB3D4B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.0 (32-34.5)
</td>
<td id="48006248F9DC50CF420A28BA46654833" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E882835470C191A508ECF20A5594ED88" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="11E716A45CA9F90724626C61D9DC35BB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Gubernaculum</td>
<td id="95BA0CA6E5DA39ADBA36CAFE12A62651" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">15</td>
<td id="CB74F7D12218DB77000251BF931A60E1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
14.7 
<normalizedToken id="A9FF2CB56DC7C3386E3D8FFBDF9246E6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.5 (11.5-17)
</td>
<td id="7A378992BFE13F8DF1A6706D2381E9EB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D529ABBFA2FE71CBE1231A73CCB11A44" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="9F50F37683BA6DA12857D3008BA76158" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">Cloaca to SP1</td>
<td id="8D023262A5845EBD1A5531B2228544D0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">23</td>
<td id="E23DBBD4E4D1502E8F51384E1B835848" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
25.7 
<normalizedToken id="014233FBC09BE4048B44DB0EE477B4C4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.0 (22.5-32)
</td>
<td id="1E968B23AF73AEDC0B57AE3159A4BE2F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="407BD943F5C7FE788D4FDA64823120FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="CB01D791C673224188FF61962148FA57" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">SP1-SP2</td>
<td id="428136291188A54A6C0DC158AB046BCA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">24</td>
<td id="45A5D4600345801C5337DE656212E33C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
31.3 
<normalizedToken id="C9342F143EA7ADB59BF0A6CCF11A4D1C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.4 (24-37)
</td>
<td id="C1CB7A3081DCF3D542365FD7BBB44337" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="02BFC1A19CE7352E46121D7A107B4DAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<td id="873E678B286DCBFE66D9BBC2484D9DD1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">SP2-SP3</td>
<td id="94CF134150B5BE2532F0ABFEB7739447" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">37.0</td>
<td id="7ED244F2AF3AD705FB802BC991C63693" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">
38.0 
<normalizedToken id="A4E7A3C1645FB735A7E2CE4C2D85FF4D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.0 (33-45)
</td>
<td id="75D682D44C7A9ED88EB68AE9303929A4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D9F0D6F0585DF9D59CEF307E4559CF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="type host and locality">
<paragraph id="D9665B97FF74E76C622028FF3C66328F" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Type host and locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7375EE42E33125D71B943A96A6FADB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
The new species was detected in association with three plants, i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="3F53605AA49C8599655771930986E516" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya japonica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="648719C0774D885C291F205BF7277977" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Eriobotrya japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb.) Lindl., 
<taxonomicName id="732AF171A46B8261606E6577278C8037" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Morus alba" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="7D15369E6DECDF482F86ADAA16FE1382" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Morus alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and 
<taxonomicName id="E2AEB90CA6C86746EDD3461A8C1A70AE" authorityName="M. Roem" authorityYear="1846" baseAuthorityName="A. Juss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Toona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Toona sinensis" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="001F919D9C3CF138E02885818E182D04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Toona sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A. Jussieu) M. Roemer from the botanical garden of Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China. The specimens from 
<taxonomicName id="E4BCD6450DCDD957B649BAED88B74408" lsidName="E. japonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="19FAD234B363807AF23B47D045F5D6E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">E. japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were regarded as a type population. The geographical position of the sampling site is: 120°19'06&quot;E, 30°25'67&quot;N.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F10A877510B4D1AFEFE8CD3DBECC0380" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="type material">
<paragraph id="1D207F909601F14C47CCC31B458A4F18" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33125EA09C503AF14D4B8086B78F830F" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="C38F43F496CC6CA011781CADC4B941F6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Holotype</emphasis>
male, 8 male and 11 female 
<emphasis id="112FA4484D83346019CF9E3CC11E12F4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">paratypes</emphasis>
(slide nos. ZJU-29-01-ZJU-29-19) deposited in the Nematode Collection of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, and 2 male and 13 female paratypes deposited in Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria (slide nos. PNT 102-104).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D55A7A8A03993AB9751E73434487130B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="molecular profiles and phylogenetic analysis">
<paragraph id="9BC05B25846F78E934660B4145F0F6B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Molecular profiles and phylogenetic analysis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="115EBF426836A6383674F6087D324AF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">The new species was molecularly characterized and newly obtained sequences were deposited in the GenBank with the accession numbers HM106498, MF979178 for 18S, MF979185-MF979186, HM106497 for 28S and MF979181, HM106496, MF979182 for ITS2 of rRNA gene. The available sequences of trichodorid taxa (accession numbers of 18S, D2-D3 region of 28S and ITS2 rRNA gene sequences in Suppl. material 1: Table S1) were selected to reconstruct the phylogenetic trees.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F3D07F3692C9E377542D4BF0BFBA647" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
The 18S rRNA gene tree (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E96C07CEDFEC34BB4AF88578CFB3C5E9" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic relationships of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov. and other trichodorid species based on partial 18 S rRNA gene sequences. The Bayesian tree was inferred under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G). Tripyla sp. served as an outgroup species. Posterior probability values exceeding 70 % are given on appropriate clades." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428636" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">7</figureCitation>
) revealed that 
<taxonomicName id="F7E05A6170E873C008C7C906587E23CC" lsidName="T. hangzhouensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="05A6C69BA693FC841E1DA5B70400BAE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. occupied a basal placement in an unsupported clade including 
<taxonomicName id="3C3CC324577CB715CFF5964015821B5C" lsidName="T. primitivus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="primitivus">
<emphasis id="68F4A86B9F258785103584E894A2C756" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. primitivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(de Man, 1880) Micoletzky, 1922 (KY119675-76, AF036609), 
<taxonomicName id="DBEB703DDC19D45D378A49F50E4C09E6" lsidName="T. similis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="64A3F5768709C1AEA844EBB93D9E86D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Seinhorst, 1963 (AJ439584-85, AJ439522) and 
<taxonomicName id="97F0981FD74CEFB294AB6B4C9543D3F4" lsidName="T. obtusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="obtusus">
<emphasis id="C0D4C1248DC793E0DBB78F6EF1ADA524" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. obtusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cobb, 1913 (KT282335). The pairwise sequence identity of new species with the aforementioned species is 97-99% with 16-24 nucleotide differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7032ACB40B7D04BE74C06A235701D3A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
In the 28S phylogenetic tree (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="07707892DF38FBFF484B0B0282F3455F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phylogenetic relationships of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov. and other trichodorid species based on D 2 - D 3 28 S rRNA gene sequences. The Bayesian tree was inferred under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G). Tripylina tamaki served as an outgroup species. Posterior probability values exceeding 70 % are given on appropriate clades." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428637" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">8</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="34F9FFAD69A5EAF65B6737B4A8C47D82" lsidName="T. hangzhouensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="3020AEC8F4B154CB82500342D0E20C02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. formed a clade with four species distributed in Spain: 
<taxonomicName id="6BCA6281B0F3D0C72D2E9B9DED9C6C89" lsidName="T. giennensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="giennensis">
<emphasis id="47EEFAA3C564151804D3390EE7FA9AFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. giennensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Decraemer, Roca, Castillo, 
<normalizedToken id="3C220D9CA25AA0937C68C5748E8FA694" originalValue="Peñ-Santiago">Pen-Santiago</normalizedToken>
&amp; Gomez-Barcina, 1993 (JQ716452), 
<taxonomicName id="CC657CC1264C3F729386E335616F6B43" lsidName="T. illiplaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="illiplaensis">
<emphasis id="A433187FD14F58152B30198CBDBB82BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. illiplaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Decraemer, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Landa, Duarte, Almeida, Vovlas &amp; Castillo, 2013 (JQ716462), 
<taxonomicName id="C01C37EA81B5EEE7E3794DFC0F8C36C5" lsidName="T. onubensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="onubensis">
<emphasis id="F34147253B4F63F6AFC1A06E3AAC531E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. onubensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Decraemer, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Landa, Duarte, Almeida, Vovlas &amp; Castillo, 2013 (JQ716454-55) and 
<taxonomicName id="EDF97D4086E2B63DA9C713897C51D05C" lsidName="T. paragiennensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="paragiennensis">
<emphasis id="8BE412888A503EEB69F2D19C511B8E7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. paragiennensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Decraemer, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Landa, Duarte, Almeida, Vovlas &amp; Castillo, 2013 (JQ716461); three species occurring in Iran - 
<taxonomicName id="10DABADCD9E5D41C88A1E7C2DA76AA10" lsidName="T. orientalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="423CD0947AB5154056B7F1263B240FF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
De Waele &amp; Hashim, 1983 (KY115140); 
<taxonomicName id="E28A59C470D410187A628008AD5A3C27" lsidName="T. persicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="persicus">
<emphasis id="B198EF04CCC6587F660B9C3285C0BAA9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. persicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
De Waele &amp; Sturhan, 1987 (KX348138); 
<taxonomicName id="9BDAA4F622733518F949996F584883A6" lsidName="T. zanjanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="zanjanensis">
<emphasis id="7B509231901517928D6342F568CAF20C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. zanjanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Asghari, Eskandari, Tanha Maafi &amp; Decraemer, 2018 (KY115138); one species from Israel 
<taxonomicName id="89BDA181D1E264B78C33FFEA1AC4E9D5" lsidName="T. minzi" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="minzi">
<emphasis id="FA9E04E56BED0FE89F2E83A0EC0B5B0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. minzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
De Waele &amp; Cohn, 1992 (KP259801) and an undescribed 
<taxonomicName id="37625790B742C3A238571681F9D514BD" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1913" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ED78792D64B9F793674CE65359436671" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (KM212949) from the USA. The pairwise sequence identity of new species with the aforementioned species is 88-91% with 73-86 nucleotide differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B728A61C48B24B32C040194738DA30E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
In ITS2 tree (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="926C9A2B9E6F806C8C897A0E7B3723FD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Phylogenetic relationships of Trichodorus hangzhouensis sp. nov. and other trichodorid nematodes based on ITS 2 sequences. The Bayesian tree was inferred under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G). Thoracostoma trachyga served as an outgroup species. Posterior probability values exceeding 70 % are given on appropriate clades." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.50424.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428638" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">9</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="8A73695D7AF9B3479DCE6F93312D30C6" lsidName="T. hangzhouensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="hangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="AD4B0C834562FEFF57FC6081164F20AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. hangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. shared the same clade with 
<taxonomicName id="0A30442B68AAE502D76919BB669001FF" lsidName="T. pakistanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="pakistanensis">
<emphasis id="456AEDFA2C672ACF56378BB0F01BC2BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. pakistanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Siddiqi, 1962 (GU645896, GU645897, GU645899, JN123384) and the clade of these two species was in sister relation to a clade including 
<taxonomicName id="801F91983570FF730BB9CA4494FD9F4F" lsidName="T. gilanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="gilanensis">
<emphasis id="943AADEEF97A794ACFA47B7C1683D44F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. gilanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maafi &amp; Decraemer, 2002 (KY115164-KY115165), 
<taxonomicName id="B0238D573A57D846DA93BFA451DF6DC9" lsidName="T. nanjingensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="nanjingensis">
<emphasis id="E6DA8FBDD36D4B49981DD530C57CC78B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. nanjingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Liu &amp; Cheng, 1990 (GU645800, GU645804, GU645893, GU645895), 
<taxonomicName id="74E67EBE9DB60869634049D5602C9792" lsidName="T. viruliferus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="viruliferus">
<emphasis id="D625663FD46719A225778D25EFEE84EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. viruliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hooper, 1963 (JN123391) and 
<taxonomicName id="113C381E351358A61170ACC686F660AA" lsidName="T. sparsus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="sparsus">
<emphasis id="6ECE02D8808EB78DDF3DF4F3370131BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. sparsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Szczygiel, 1968 (JN123388). The pairwise sequence identity of the new species with the aforementioned species is 94-98% with 4-9 nucleotide differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E779589D9B56E04D368CAA44E665F90" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
The other known 
<taxonomicName id="1167A95DD566F9F7D394DF42A6840AEC" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1913" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3676A710A41227506F3B23CA74F004A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3FC0F5C9385A46DE7C16860E30FA9D83" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Nanidorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanidorus" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="15D07E048FFC70285016C8E54D9E24DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Nanidorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="0FAC0DBACF86289FE24C383B6E489E5A" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Paratrichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratrichodorus" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="787A4E8C6CCE22A6480FA4DD781874CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Paratrichodorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species sequenced during this study clustered with their respective species available through GenBank database, thus supporting their identity.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA5F5C0B944CDF4B92059E05B678B246" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="ABC2CD8FEB417E09FD34A344BE87BBA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis and relationships.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED1DBAF22B19DFF939A80131B76A59AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
The new species is characterized by the male having a relatively short onchiostyle (46-49 
<normalizedToken id="3FD6298FE71C7F2A298FA472F3DA8C6F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and 3 ventromedian cervical papillae anterior to the S-E pore, CP1 located opposite isthmus, distance of CPl-CP2, CP2-CP3 and CP3-S-E becoming gradually shorter, S-E pore located opposite isthmus or anterior end of pharyngeal bulb, pharynx offset, spicules relatively short, slightly curved, 33.2 (32.0-34.5) 
<normalizedToken id="D41934A2BD14170524E3B4569B3E6658" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, with wider slightly marked capitulum, lamina partially striated and tapering gradually to the distal end, bristles at striation absent, three ventromedian precloacal supplements; female with barrel shaped vagina, vaginal scletorized pieces medium-sized (1.5-2.0 
<normalizedToken id="9D66B49B44F257594F2DAA5A4A4680ED" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), rounded triangular with tips directed towards vulva, slightly separated from each other (c. 1.0 
<normalizedToken id="07D9E1566FC5AA4BC7A403EC1DF148C1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), vulva pore-like in ventral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="938DC95FAC058E04988CB5EF65DE14F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
The species-specific codes sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="82F191861AB1BEED73A00B9A1831AA34" author="Decraemer, W" journalOrPublisher="Fundamental and applied Nematology" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" pagination="37 - 62" refId="B19" refString="Decraemer, W, Baujard, PA, 1998. Polytomous key the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida). Fundamental and applied Nematology 21: 37 - 62" title="Polytomous key the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida)." volume="21" year="1998">Decraemer and Baujard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
for this new species are as follows, for the male: F3-D3-P2-A1(2)-B2-C1-E0-G1-H2-I1-J2-K3-L2-M4-N1-O5; for female: D1-C1-L2- K2-A1(2)-B2-E2 -F1 G1-H3-I2(3)-J1-M1-N1-O1-P1-Q1-R2-S5. Based on male prime diagnostic characters for fam. 
<taxonomicName id="115AB79A8B1BE8F897F5AE1F1854EE15" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Trichodoridae</taxonomicName>
(F = number of ventromedian precloacal supplements, D = number of ventromedian cervical papillae, P = body habitus) and female (D = type of genital system, C = vulva position, K = size of vaginal sclerotized pieces, L = position of vaginal sclerotized pieces) the new species male belongs to group 12 while the female falls in the category group 1 of subgroup 1-7 as described by 
<bibRefCitation id="E1D0EB968A0F10F846B5D32050351A0D" author="Decraemer, W" journalOrPublisher="Fundamental and applied Nematology" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" pagination="37 - 62" refId="B19" refString="Decraemer, W, Baujard, PA, 1998. Polytomous key the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida). Fundamental and applied Nematology 21: 37 - 62" title="Polytomous key the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida)." volume="21" year="1998">Decraemer and Baujard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
. Among several 
<taxonomicName id="567C81DA109AE39BDEB4F480A1EB7687" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1913" class="Enoplea" family="Trichodoridae" genus="Trichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodorus" order="Triplonchida" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69112F45E2F6C3DC9AEBCB726C79A4D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Trichodorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species of group 12 (for male) and group 1, subgroup 1-7 (for female) the new species comes close to 
<taxonomicName id="E532379E507C046C08298F56FB8AE7D7" lsidName="T. cedarus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="cedarus">
<emphasis id="055861EB6D86A7CA32022A9DA7A76D93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. cedarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Yokoo, 1964, 
<taxonomicName id="85C1F6599F01B0127EA418A7D4E68186" lsidName="T. guangzhouensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="guangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="63D74C6DAFE6002AEC67447C0B0D41A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. guangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Xie, Feng &amp; Zhao, 2000, 
<taxonomicName id="09BDE0423FC376445EEA3F0D9523FB97" lsidName="T. reduncus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="reduncus">
<emphasis id="C9F3B4B4FD2C60BC70175454A5A6CC44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. reduncus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Siddiqi &amp; Sharma, 1995, 
<taxonomicName id="C056A3BC13B0065B2602382DD8B5B74A" lsidName="T. tricaulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="tricaulatus">
<emphasis id="19A2A6315AC0D6B4197644B37AA76D22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. tricaulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Shishida, 1979 and 
<taxonomicName id="BD81EA53028F287911AAA056DBB67262" lsidName="T. yokooi" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="yokooi">
<emphasis id="2D85D783EB60DC7E261863913DBFDC5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. yokooi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Eroshenko &amp; Teplyakov, 1975. It can be differentiated as follows:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="713F64C6F00BF95F38BC2FBE38A5E239" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="313A61AA14863AC4913DBE60DDD08A19" lsidName="T. cedarus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="cedarus">
<emphasis id="63974B4D6F28EF65698CC439C6B47527" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. cedarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- by having a different position of SP1 (at the level of spicules capitulum vs posterior), shorter spicules length (32.0-34.5 vs 36-53 
<normalizedToken id="A0950DE51F82CA4D8C3F819227E26756" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), shape of vulva (pore-like vs slit-like) and shape of vagina (barrel vs pear);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1EDEF3B08708373ED80AB952876E96B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="AA2C3C36D49AF4A6B498581FD6231C93" lsidName="T. guangzhouensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="guangzhouensis">
<emphasis id="9E8805766F8841414A7F4174B0C4694F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. guangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- by having a longer onchiostyle in females (48-52 vs 36.4-41.6 
<normalizedToken id="82B080BA3FE4F9C264339324DF983902" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), striations on spicule (present vs absent), different spicule shape (without constriction vs with constriction) and shape of vulva in ventral view (pore-like vs a longitudinal slit);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97C3FF20F154FB1947E4421FBD572A48" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="5A75645EC52338123CF3EB6D640E5021" lsidName="T. reduncus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="reduncus">
<emphasis id="CB4FF48DBBF221F49B7D41950BCBEA56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. reduncus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- by having a longer onchiostyle in males (46-49 vs 36-40 
<normalizedToken id="EA2D02807CCFABC776CFA416F57476C6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and female (48-52 vs 37-40 
<normalizedToken id="F8F10B68F69FE7473E299AB5449D8D53" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), striations on spicules (present vs absent), different proximal part of gubernaculum (not hooked vs hooked) position of vaginal pieces (close vs widely separated) and shape of vulva (pore-like vs a small transverse slit);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A25C50A93EF04F0167801843D3CB54B" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="F9224CF680F84543214B36989130678B" lsidName="T. tricaulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="tricaulatus">
<emphasis id="52859983F8DB45EACD5B80A311BDDE88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. tricaulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- by having different position of SP1 (at the level of spicule capitulum vs outside it), spicule bristles (absent vs present), longer onchiostyle in both males (49.3 (46-49) vs 42.6 (39-51) 
<normalizedToken id="9AC4DF0B380BEFB63A6A8990780140C3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and females (49.3 (48-52) vs 42.2 (39-44) 
<normalizedToken id="3EB71719BC8A0913E79786847601EAC6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), type of pharyngo-intestinal junction (pharyngeal bulb offset vs pharynx overlapping intestine ventrally) and shorter spicules (33.2 (32.0-34.5) vs 39 (36-53) 
<normalizedToken id="CD8E158589607F21FD2DD715CD9CD743" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6622C8BC794CB8F2E807369E22147538" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="A6A2B50E138965482A03DC753C1F2ECD" lsidName="T. yokooi" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="yokooi">
<emphasis id="DC85016386BB84C26105C500DD14BFEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">T. yokooi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- by having striation on spicule (vs absent), shorter onchiostyle both in males (46-49 vs 57-82 
<normalizedToken id="DE0296ECB6BE71E7EBF826072F1501B9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and females (48-52 vs 62-77 
<normalizedToken id="A8FF265049A74BE9E3E5426F7163BBD1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and spicule (32.0-34.5 vs 38-46 
<normalizedToken id="A92583796A6D30AB68C5FCA9C4F993F6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14A10A13A14A30FEC6576FF45BBDAD24" pageId="0" pageNumber="163" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6FF7DBC4B56A316E1C9F4BB7B6D2B834" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4CE3E792047D4CF42D2FA161017529" pageId="0" pageNumber="163">The species name is derived from the name of the city where the new species was recovered.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>