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<document id="B01D77CD527795A9DD64F5FF981B4B8B" ID-CLB-Dataset="32643" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63581fbe-8a77-429f-91d1-54b2f5040a36" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="832558" ID-ZooBank="00F6974B-2074-4BA4-99A6-B80937D16865" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500543300940" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence &amp; ODonnell, Cheryle" docDate="2017" docId="2620F071FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFEAD4770" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4294.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4294 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Leptothrips fasciculatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="307" masterDocId="DA198809FFA3AC1CFF9DFFA9FFE84257" masterDocTitle="Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae)" masterLastPageNumber="315" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="307" updateTime="1698465821032" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DD638C21A716E78EFB23A915F3183BCD">Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2620F071FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFEAD4770" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6040336" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132550562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6040336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFEAD4770" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2620F071FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFEAD4770" lastPageNumber="307" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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<heading id="F57EF60BFFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFD68411B" bold="true" box="[151,640,818,844]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" reason="1">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFD68411B" bold="true" box="[151,640,818,844]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFE52411B" ID-CoL="3TY8M" box="[151,442,818,844]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciculatus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC9BFE52411B" bold="true" box="[151,442,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Leptothrips fasciculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Crawford DL)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE364167FFA5AC1AFF0AFCD0FD7A41D8" blockId="6.[151,1380,889,1034]" box="[151,658,889,911]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFCD0FE1941D8" authority="Crawford" authorityName="Crawford" box="[151,497,889,911]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phyllothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFCD0FE6141D8" box="[151,393,889,911]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Phyllothrips fasciculata</emphasis>
Crawford
</taxonomicName>
DL, 1909: 105.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA5AC1AFF0AFC31FDD8419B" blockId="6.[151,1380,889,1034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFC31FD6D41F9" ID-CoL="5QPTZ" authority="Crawford" authorityName="Crawford" box="[151,645,920,942]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phyllothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="fasciculata" variety="stenoceps">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC31FE6141F9" box="[151,393,920,942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Phyllothrips fasciculata</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFE26FC30FDF641F9" box="[443,542,921,942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">stenoceps</emphasis>
Crawford
</taxonomicName>
DL, 1909: 108.
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFC1FFDC4419B" ID-CoL="67GQH" authority="Jones, 1912: 17" authorityName="Jones" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,556,950,973]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anthothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricornis">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC1FFE6D419A" box="[151,389,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Anthothrips nigricornis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA5AC1AFE11FC1EFDC4419B" author="Jones" box="[396,556,950,972]" page="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA5AC1AFE11FC1EFDEE419B" author="Jones" box="[396,518,950,972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" refString="Jones, P. R. (1912) Some new California and Georgia Thysanoptera. Technical Series, USDA Bureau of Entomology, 23, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1912">Jones, 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 17
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE364167FFA5AC1AFF0AFC7CFDF7465D" blockId="6.[151,1380,889,1034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8E996649FFA5AC1AFF0AFC7CFDF7465D" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFC7CFDE541BC" ID-CoL="3JPYJ" authority="Karny, 1912: 344" authorityName="Karny" authorityPageNumber="344" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,525,981,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Haplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC7CFEBB41BC" box="[151,339,981,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Haplothrips jonesi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA5AC1AFEC7FC7FFDE541BC" author="Karny" box="[346,525,981,1003]" page="344" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA5AC1AFEC7FC7FFE3241BC" author="Karny" box="[346,474,981,1003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" refString="Karny, H. (1912) Revision der von Serville aufgestellten Thysanopteren-Genera. Zoologische Annalen, 4, 322 - 344." type="journal article" year="1912">Karny, 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 344
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFC9EFC7FFC5C41BC" ID-CoL="67GQH" authority="Jones" authorityName="Jones" authorityYear="1912" box="[771,948,982,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anthothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricornis">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFC9EFC7FFC9C41BC" box="[771,884,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">nigricornis</emphasis>
Jones
</taxonomicName>
, a homonym of
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFBC5FC7FFA8841BC" ID-CoL="67GQH" authority="Bagnall, 1910" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1910" box="[1112,1376,981,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anthothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricornis">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFBC5FC7FFB2141BC" box="[1112,1225,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">nigricornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA5AC1AFB52FC7CFA8841BC" author="Bagnall" box="[1231,1376,981,1003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1910) New South African Thysanoptera. Annals of the South African Museum, 5, 425 - 428." type="journal article" year="1910">Bagnall, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFF0AFC5DFDF3465D" ID-CoL="3TY9H" authority="Morgan, 1913: 39" authorityName="Morgan" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,539,1012,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="russelli">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFF0AFC5DFEB5465D" box="[151,349,1012,1034]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Leptothrips russelli</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA5AC1AFEFEFC5CFDF3465D" author="Morgan" box="[355,539,1012,1034]" page="39" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA5AC1AFEFEFC5CFE1D465D" author="Morgan" box="[355,501,1012,1034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" refString="Morgan, A. C. (1913) New genera and species of Thysanoptera with notes on distribution and food plants. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1913">Morgan, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 39
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE364167FFA5AC1AFF0AFB9FFEAD4770" blockId="6.[151,1436,1078,1319]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<materialsCitation id="1EE14B3AFFA5AC1AFF0AFB9FFEAD4770" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1576193770" location="California" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
Described from both sexes
<collectedFrom id="1D95029AFFA5AC1AFE48FB9EFCFA4618" box="[469,786,1078,1103]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
on
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFE66FB9EFCFA4618" box="[507,786,1078,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculatum">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFE66FB9EFCFA4618" box="[507,786,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Eriogonum fasciculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
[
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFCBFFB9FFC2C4618" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[802,964,1078,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
] at Claremont,
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA5AC1AFBE7FB9FFB064618" box="[1146,1262,1078,1103]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">California</collectingRegion>
, this species is known to breed in the flowers of this plant with no evidence that it is predatory (
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA5AC1AFBDDFBF3FAE64624" author="Wiesenborn" box="[1088,1294,1114,1139]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" refString="Wiesenborn, W. D. (2012) Life stages of the anthophilous thrips Leptothrips fasciculatus (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 85, 332 - 339." type="journal article" year="2012">Wiesenborn 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens have also been studied from
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA5AC1AFE79FBD7FD3B46C0" box="[484,723,1150,1175]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Nevada and Arizona</collectingRegion>
. Despite sharing with
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFC48FBD6FBB946C1" ID-CoL="6LCL7" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1925" box="[981,1105,1151,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Haplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpuratus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFC48FBD6FBB946C1" box="[981,1105,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">purpuratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the presence of a fore tarsal tooth and the absence of duplicated wing cilia, the pronotum of
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA5AC1AFCECFB0BFC1F46EC" ID-CoL="3TY8M" box="[881,1015,1186,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciculatus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA5AC1AFCECFB0BFC1F46EC" box="[881,1015,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">fasciculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no prominent sculpture lines but has well-developed mid-lateral setae (
<figureCitation id="36B25DE2FFA5AC1AFDD1FB6FFD4B4688" box="[588,675,1222,1247]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 24" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,411,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[174,1418,411,1883]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 24. Leptothrips species of North America pronotum. (17) maliaffinis holotype; (18) mali; (19) papago; (20) heliomanes; (21) macroocellatus; (22) fasciculatus; (23) pini; (24) purpuratus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/832566/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Moreover, the sculpture lines on the mesonotum are not closely spaced, but form an almost reticulate pattern (
<figureCitation id="36B25DE2FFA5AC1AFD3BFB43FD144754" box="[678,764,1258,1283]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 30" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1497]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 25 30. Leptothrips species of North America—metanotum. (25) mali; (26) papago; (27) purpuratus; (28) fasciculatus; (29) oribates (brevicapitis holotype); (30) occipitalis holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/832568/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
). The fore tarsal tooth of males is considerably larger than that of females.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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