325 lines
26 KiB
XML
325 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C4A471183A1F7183FC47008917F69EF4">Revisiting the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Kazakhstan, the country with the richest tulip diversity worldwide</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="6EEF1DA59F6AECAB5FD262EE84DB800C">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DCDB381A3F32D03A42885BFEBB3E0716">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2A46C5771267438B3FBEA18F2ADBD2D6">2024-12-23</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5AC5C4425EE8EF2403CB36234BB71BC0" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="25285871BE2A5A04A611FB5E8E031411" ID-arpha="25285871-BE2A-5A04-A611-FB5E8E031411" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:25285871BE2A5A04A611FB5E8E031411" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/25285871BE2A5A04A611FB5E8E031411">
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<subSubSection id="FA17A8B7BD5F4835C03A7A5C7A2705C1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FC6CA60C09ACB895158FC9A3DFDB6D3F">
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<treatmentCitation id="1A64021EEAB19B8AAF41043788A95F48" author="" journal="Azii" page="320" score="1.97023359760351E-6" volume="2" year="1971">
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<taxonomicName id="8CF62873E0CB65B85D4CFD1D61CDB131" ID-CoL="59L48" authority="Vved., Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
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<emphasis id="CC77BF685708072EF22029EC2AF9D7AA" italics="true">Tulipa orthopoda</emphasis>
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Vved., Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii
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</taxonomicName>
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2: 320 (1971)
|
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86C99C826C1CD4075B83310B33B0F18A" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D5A11A0C0441644CF776E4C234B3D3AE">
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<figureCitation id="ED411765C62FA6EDDB7CA803FF4D48A2" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Tulipa orthopoda in Kazakhstan A, B general habits C flower D bulb and bulb sheath. (Photos: A, C by V. Epiktetov; B, D by S. Kubentayev)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205988">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EDVDK" type="material">
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<paragraph id="ABB575248933C6DD56470AF991573F80">
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<heading id="3D4E3B52CF5A9B3553C3A1B18910CDB6" reason="title">
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<typeStatus id="758F5FA26197ACC9AB02A3653BC8DBC7">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9C7D7CB08FC2E67B8706306A63D8D363">
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<materialsCitation id="0D57A1FD3F9E30C5D4109F18359962A5" collectingDate="1930-04-05" collectorName="Lipschitz & Pavlov" country="Kazakhstan" location="Turkestan" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="B0CF22B44F02118D73DDCF69867B6CEE" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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•
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<location id="0ECDD8BBCC9003184BAABCFD5416F391" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:25285871BE2A5A04A611FB5E8E031411:0ECDD8BBCC9003184BAABCFD5416F391" country="Kazakhstan" name="Turkestan">Turkestan</location>
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||
,
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<date id="5E9D7D3C208B0EB6C81DDEF295A4D03E" value="1930-04-05">
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||
<collectingDate id="E54FDA0873B341651C0B0362C226E735" value="1930-04-05">5 April 1930</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B4891E2D21C33E6F55F4C75F8C6FBD9D" italics="true">
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||
<collectorName id="7D1D4A40A80D8BFD508CDFD177973106">Lipschitz</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="09B3ABE6390A6FE9C3900469DD4E1049">Pavlov</collectorName>
|
||
32
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="81FBBE90D9200D90DF912612FD3ADEE4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
TASH!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELVDK" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="2C7A62E83510C50CA6CE6CA81BC9DFAF">
|
||
<heading id="ABF8108E69A7FF79FE121A6CA33E5595" reason="title">General distribution.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DD191866D779E5CB87CBCE7BA47E7C0">
|
||
Endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3E7564048A567D161ADEBF29E811819D" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C6FFDDD3A1DE4B0208077EA58A72978" DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.238.114475" author="Kubentayev" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kubentayev" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pagination="241-279" refId="B36" refString="Kubentayev SA, Alibekov DT, Perezhogin YV, Lazkov GA, Kupriyanov AN, Ebel AL, Izbastina KS, Borodulina OV, Kubentayeva BB (2024) Revised checklist of endemic vascular plants of Kazakhstan. PhytoKeys 238: 241–279. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.238.114475" title="Revised checklist of endemic vascular plants of Kazakhstan." volume="238" year="2024">Kubentayev et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVVDK" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="2167901727FE6471FF8CFB3EC97D54F7">
|
||
<heading id="8AC8D03B38C45768CD4749D07B35D2A7" reason="title">
|
||
Distribution in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D854EC95D94E7EA5A1AB27AE2D159469" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and habitat.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="345590419696AD91138066BFE3EACC5D">Karatau, Western Tian Shan. This species grows in clay, gravel and stony slopes of the lowlands.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1VDK" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E41BED3971367C6892F2C33D71F19E8">
|
||
<heading id="6A6579A581A5DD569D5EAAC11190DE71" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B071421DA5C8FFA1FB302DBAC71D68F">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC88CE4E4064E82F45A8ECEA45389F07" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="916FC5CEA320B4A6A79E7A1B2599ECF9" italics="true">Tulipa orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a vulnerable species at the global level (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2FE36A027CF8377BA8FB21F7B7D871E6" refId="B28" refString="IUCN (2024) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org [accessed 18 June 2024]" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org" year="2024">IUCN 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPWDK" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AB1B96B800DE2D328C9708B6D0116B40">
|
||
<heading id="D9258D65238C194DA7CF86F58474400F" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F4CF6DC3CD4197E0CDA1C63E2EE3B88">Flowering in March – April; fruiting in May – June.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUWDK" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="B78224330E3240CB4F35A1524DCAF40B">
|
||
<heading id="9B7614DEDCA9994158CB57DA250F75D6" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2514714847952CF548F8DE05B41C9C5B">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4EEC8F54ECDAA7322427876271AFF85" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="F333C31A30B421BBC239F0245DF1ADB4" italics="true">Tulipa orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a narrowly localized endemic species to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="34B8CD2BF46E4B4DA02095C2B710543A" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3024471C86329192EB0E9185E9B8BB5B" author="Kamelin" firstAuthor="Kamelin" journalOrPublisher="Science Publishers, Leningrad" refId="B34" refString="Kamelin RV (1990) Flora of the Syrdarya Karatau. Science Publishers, Leningrad, 184 pp. [In Russian]" title="Flora of the Syrdarya Karatau." year="1990">Kamelin 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species was first mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1C531A942CC1EB160ADF350D02F32F0" author="Vvedensky AI [Ed.]" firstAuthor="Vvedensky" refId="B71" refString="Vvedensky AI [Ed.] (1935) Liliaceae – genus Tulipa L. Flora of the USSR, Vol. 4. Izsatel’stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 320–364." year="1935">Vvedensky (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in Flora of the USSR in a note on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="51E4F1258E45372A769D066D529EE514" authority="Tulip" authorityName="Tulip" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifloriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B19F99606166B7345124D8702E14100" italics="true">T. bifloriformis</emphasis>
|
||
Tulip
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Karatau are reportedly characterized by drooping buds, lower height, and more pubescent leaves. A detailed description in Latin was first published in
|
||
<quantity id="CDE222E3F38BB0CBB990EC365CC9F7E4" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.00634" unit="in" value="1971.0">1971 in</quantity>
|
||
the Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EEE70E3BBA1257AF57A3BA95E1F6993B" author="Vvedensky and Kovalevskaya" firstAuthor="Vvedensky" refId="B74" refString="Vvedensky AI, Kovalevskaya SS [Ed.] (1971) Tulipa L. Conspectus Florae Asiae Mediae, Vol. 2. The Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences UzSSR, Tashkent, 94–109. [In Russian]" year="1971">Vvedensky and Kovalevskaya 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C181E5CCFE477A7113F9C83E99268C3E" DOI="10.1111/boj.12061" author="Christenhusz MJ & Govaerts R & David JC & Hall T & Borland K & Roberts PS & Fay MF" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Christenhusz" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pagination="280-328" refId="B14" refString="Christenhusz MJ, Govaerts R, David JC, Hall T, Borland K, Roberts PS, Fay MF (2013) Tiptoe through the tulips-cultural history, molecular phylogenetics and classification of Tulipa (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 172 (3): 280–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12061" title="Tiptoe through the tulips-cultural history, molecular phylogenetics and classification of Tulipa (Liliaceae)." volume="172" year="2013">Christenhusz et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAE9E93744BB72AA9B14972F3ED69E50" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2B8A30EF37DC810447D96DE5210FB20" italics="true">T. orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D0E72003C5F6D19281EE79E699D6337" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifloriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="13A8BCFD1A9F409D3E87E4FB0E2EFC99" italics="true">T. bifloriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, later indicated that it deserves recognition. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C2E267C933FD98AD5B76BE824624B42D" DOI="10.1007/s00606-009-0203-7" author="Zonneveld BJ" firstAuthor="Zonneveld" issue="1-4" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pagination="217-245" refId="B81" refString="Zonneveld BJ (2009) The systematic value of nuclear genome size for “ all ” species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 281 (1–4): 217–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0203-7" title="The systematic value of nuclear genome size for “ all ” species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae)." volume="281" year="2009">Zonneveld (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the genome size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54B6A55F7599D1D5BE300BE07FEDDF0D" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="57B152A4FB51E7AE548DF128A6BAC3EE" italics="true">T. orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 59.3 pg, while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A9EA3B716042084D85CC28630438DE9A" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifloriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E34B50842812118486245E04F3B79CA6" italics="true">T. bifloriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 56.6 pg. This difference was sufficient to distinguish between two representatives of the same group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AAB30312AE69A6B58E0A16247504AC77" author="Everett" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Everett" journalOrPublisher="Kew Garden Press, London" refId="B24" refString="Everett D, Fay MF, Christenhusz MJ, Wilford R (2013) The genus Tulipa. Tulips of the world. Kew Garden Press, London, 379 pp." title="The genus Tulipa. Tulips of the world." year="2013">Everett et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E61E944431597D0CEF92329135B2121D" DOI="10.17863/CAM.94432" author="Wilson B" firstAuthor="Wilson" refId="B76" refString="Wilson B (2023) Tulipa: the taxonomy and evolutionary history of the genus and its impact on conservation priorities in Central Asia. PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.94432" year="2023">Wilson (2023)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="480CF6A5148FFD836B30085803278CC8" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="BC8DDDC03A4B13A3952FE4F977756B99" italics="true">T. orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an independent taxon in his updated list of recognized tulip species. We agree that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86E9560A96E752CEBA6739B77F966CDA" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="E9D9AB2D62F43AA36F7F3D014EBE455E" italics="true">T. orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be recognized as an independent taxon based on several morphological characteristics and different flowering times (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39380BC9D6D86A39783E26218CEEE584" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="4B1184098BB1B50A79692CDE3C46AAEA" italics="true">T. orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers earlier than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16CB91BC0BDD575EF32AB696A2C43492" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifloriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EBD001E251B01F7CD653738B8EAD84F" italics="true">T. bifloriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="929CEEE806FC0F32D5714B130ED1894C" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736.figure33" ID-arpha="43E62293-42EB-5950-B4A4-CE4D7B39E455" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205988" startId="F33">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F7F3BA443422124DE210C5BBEBC14ED">
|
||
<label id="6BD07065A33DCFAFFD1CAF4E0558C150">Figure 33.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="06BA9E68F2E50C6EB3E603A52B8392CF">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF45DCC9571E60AAFD69F2B51466FDBD" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orthopoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="A42C2DD96C36C2946D296184CB9813B7" italics="true">Tulipa orthopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Kazakhstan
|
||
<emphasis id="F1EEB7A230BAD0BCEBAA3ED3FD8B0C55" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
general habits
|
||
<emphasis id="A43D79CD2D84391D0F8AE9AA72572605" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
flower
|
||
<emphasis id="788349BB49DE6ACDEE685344D7F9F509" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
bulb and bulb sheath. (Photos:
|
||
<emphasis id="A69F3F60431289B12CFA22E281F3D114" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
by V. Epiktetov;
|
||
<emphasis id="3AE101EFC5CF665315936D2552A26A45" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
by S. Kubentayev).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |