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<document id="EDA60735D39FB84F4029DF42895A45D1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3866.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="32ef0f59-7fa3-4a61-bee0-f037235712e0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="227207" ID-ZooBank="C8987D65-67A6-4F1C-97EA-3C0D5FB3FF0D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460916868495" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro" docDate="2014" docId="241D950E056CFFEBFF41F98FFCFDFA0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03866p220.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3866 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Physocyclus Simon 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="205" masterDocId="D824ED76056EFFE8FFD6FFB8FFF8FF9E" masterDocTitle="A reanalysis of the morphological phylogeny of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon (Araneae: Pholcidae) with the description of a new species and description of the female of Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón from Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="220" masterPageNumber="202" pageNumber="204" updateTime="1698361740990" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="37E89EC654C0D01B11AE3C2C1915D66A">A reanalysis of the morphological phylogeny of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon (Araneae: Pholcidae) with the description of a new species and description of the female of Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón from Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9F1B8D024582FBD27A122B22018CEA6">Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="ABEC572AAC6C36653D740E86EDDE5273">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="241D950E056CFFEBFF41F98FFCFDFA0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119588763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:241D950E056CFFEBFF41F98FFCFDFA0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/241D950E056CFFEBFF41F98FFCFDFA0E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<subSubSection id="E4AE7793056CFFEAFF41F98FFD0FF908" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEAFF41F98FFDE0F9CE" blockId="2.[151,536,1591,1616]" box="[151,536,1591,1616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<heading id="F7439374056CFFEAFF41F98FFDE0F9CE" bold="true" box="[151,536,1591,1616]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" reason="2">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF41F98FFDE0F9CE" bold="true" box="[151,536,1591,1616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFF3CF98FFDEBF9CE" ID-CoL="6PYW" ID-ENA="280425" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[234,531,1591,1616]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF3CF98FFE80F9CE" bold="true" box="[234,376,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Physocyclus</emphasis>
Simon, 1893
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEAFF41F938FD0FF908" blockId="2.[151,759,1664,1686]" box="[151,759,1664,1686]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFF41F938FDB5F908" authority="Taczanowski, 1874" authorityName="Taczanowski" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,589,1664,1686]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF41F938FE8CF908" box="[151,372,1664,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Physocyclus globosus</emphasis>
(Taczanowski, 1874)
</taxonomicName>
.―
<typeStatus id="730F9ABA056CFFEAFDBDF938FD59F908" box="[619,673,1664,1686]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E4AE7793056CFFEAFF41F97AFB14F811" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEAFF41F97AFC87F945" blockId="2.[151,1436,1730,2006]" box="[151,895,1730,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF41F97AFE2AF945" bold="true" box="[151,466,1730,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Diagnosis and description.</emphasis>
See
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056CFFEAFDDEF97AFCD3F945" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[520,811,1730,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Valdez-Mondragón (2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056CFFEAFCE0F97BFC8BF945" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[822,883,1731,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEAFF11F95EFC02F961" blockId="2.[151,1436,1730,2006]" box="[199,1018,1766,1791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF11F95EFE86F961" bold="true" box="[199,382,1766,1791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Species groups.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFE53F95EFE36F961" box="[389,462,1766,1791]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFE53F95EFE36F961" box="[389,462,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFDD2F95EFD90F961" box="[516,616,1766,1791]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFDD2F95EFD90F961" box="[516,616,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">globosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups (
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056CFFEAFD1FF95EFC16F961" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[713,1006,1766,1791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón, 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEAFF41F8B2FB14F811" blockId="2.[151,1436,1730,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFF41F8B2FF03F8BD" box="[151,251,1802,1827]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF41F8B2FF03F8BD" box="[151,251,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">globosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, synapomorphies: 1) posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace of the female (left arrow,
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFA94F8B2FA6BF8BD" box="[1346,1427,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1596,1619]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1565]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,445,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Female. 28 – 30, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 28 indicates the posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace, right arrow indicates the sclerotized patch on opisthosoma). 31, Epigynum, ventral view. 32, Epigynum, left lateral view. 33, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
) (char. 3); 2) sclerotized patch on dorsal anterior part on the female opisthosoma (right arrow,
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFB60F896FAFFF8D9" box="[1206,1287,1838,1863]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1596,1619]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1565]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,445,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Female. 28 – 30, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 28 indicates the posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace, right arrow indicates the sclerotized patch on opisthosoma). 31, Epigynum, ventral view. 32, Epigynum, left lateral view. 33, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
) (char. 4); 3) epigynum with short, wide, and oval-shaped pore plates (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFCC0F8EAFC9EF8F5" box="[790,870,1874,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1596,1619]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1565]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,445,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Female. 28 – 30, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 28 indicates the posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace, right arrow indicates the sclerotized patch on opisthosoma). 31, Epigynum, ventral view. 32, Epigynum, left lateral view. 33, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
) (char. 10); 4) apical spine on embolus (left arrow,
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFF41F8CEFF1FF811" box="[151,231,1910,1935]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 27" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[163,1421,277,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,265,1682]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 27. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Male (holotype). 18 – 20, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 21, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 22, Carapace dorsal view. 23 – 24, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively (arrow indicates the subdistal apophysis on each chelicera). 25 – 27, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (arrow on Fig. 25 indicates the distal apophysis on femur, which has a long seta; left arrow on Fig. 26 indicates the apical conspicuous spine on embolus, right arrow indicates the apical bifurcation on embolus). Scales: 0.3 mm (Fig. 24), 0.5 mm (Figs 18 – 23, 25 – 27). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227210/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
) (char. 30), and 5) embolic sclerites positioned dorsally on the embolus (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFBCFF8CEFB92F811" box="[1049,1130,1910,1935]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 27" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[163,1421,277,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,265,1682]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 27. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Male (holotype). 18 – 20, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 21, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 22, Carapace dorsal view. 23 – 24, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively (arrow indicates the subdistal apophysis on each chelicera). 25 – 27, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (arrow on Fig. 25 indicates the distal apophysis on femur, which has a long seta; left arrow on Fig. 26 indicates the apical conspicuous spine on embolus, right arrow indicates the apical bifurcation on embolus). Scales: 0.3 mm (Fig. 24), 0.5 mm (Figs 18 – 23, 25 – 27). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227210/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
) (char. 37).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E4AE7793056CFFEBFF11F822FCCAFBA8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056CFFEBFF11F822FC0CFE3D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1730,2006]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056CFFEAFF11F822FEE8F82D" ID-CoL="4HHRK" box="[199,272,1946,1971]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056CFFEAFF11F822FEE8F82D" box="[199,272,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, synapomorphies: 1) the lateral constraints in middle part of the epigynum, with very marked and bell-shaped (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056CFFEAFEFDF805FE78F848" box="[299,384,1981,2006]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,204,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,193,1436]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Female (paratype). 12 – 14, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 15, Epigynum, ventral view. 16, Epigynum, left lateral view. 17, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 15 – 17), 1 mm (Figs 12 – 14). Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227209/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) (char. 9); 2) the shape of the lateral apophysis of male chelicerae, in this case wide and projected toward front (char. 18) (with two posterior transformations in deeper branches of the group, see discussion); 3) embolus long with “J”-shaped (char. 39) (with three derived states or posterior transformations, see discussion); 4) the embolic sclerites on retrolateral part of the bulb (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFC78FF65FBEFFF68" box="[942,1047,221,246]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1752,1775]" captionTargetBox="[169,1404,427,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1423,419,1740]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Male (holotype). 1 – 3, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 4, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 5, Carapace dorsal view. 6 – 7, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively. 8, 9, 11, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 8 indicates the dorsal apophysis on the procursus, right arrow indicates the ventral notch basally on the procursus; arrow on Fig. 9 indicates the three distal projections on procursus; arrow on Fig. 11 indicates the setae sockets which look like pores). 10, Detail of the three distal projections on procursus (arrow indicates the brush of pseudotrichia). Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 6, 7), 1 mm (Figs 1 – 5, 8, 9, 11). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227208/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Figs 8, 9</figureCitation>
) (char. 43); 5) the notch between embolic sclerites and embolus (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFDD7FF47FDBEFE86" box="[513,582,255,280]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1752,1775]" captionTargetBox="[169,1404,427,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1423,419,1740]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Male (holotype). 1 – 3, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 4, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 5, Carapace dorsal view. 6 – 7, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively. 8, 9, 11, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 8 indicates the dorsal apophysis on the procursus, right arrow indicates the ventral notch basally on the procursus; arrow on Fig. 9 indicates the three distal projections on procursus; arrow on Fig. 11 indicates the setae sockets which look like pores). 10, Detail of the three distal projections on procursus (arrow indicates the brush of pseudotrichia). Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 6, 7), 1 mm (Figs 1 – 5, 8, 9, 11). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227208/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) (char. 45). Homoplastic characters: 1) cones sclerotized in frontal part of male chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFE83FE9AFE60FEA5" box="[341,408,290,315]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1752,1775]" captionTargetBox="[169,1404,427,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1423,419,1740]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Male (holotype). 1 – 3, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 4, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 5, Carapace dorsal view. 6 – 7, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively. 8, 9, 11, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 8 indicates the dorsal apophysis on the procursus, right arrow indicates the ventral notch basally on the procursus; arrow on Fig. 9 indicates the three distal projections on procursus; arrow on Fig. 11 indicates the setae sockets which look like pores). 10, Detail of the three distal projections on procursus (arrow indicates the brush of pseudotrichia). Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 6, 7), 1 mm (Figs 1 – 5, 8, 9, 11). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227208/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) (char. 22); 2) the strongly and visible sclerotized retrolateral region on palp bulb (except
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFA51FE9CFDD1FEC0" ID-CoL="4HHSD" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2010" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2010" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFA51FE9CFF01FEC0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. platnicki</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFEDDFEFDFDD1FEC0" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[267,553,325,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Valdez-Mondragón 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 199) (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFD79FEFDFD0EFEC0" box="[687,758,325,350]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1752,1775]" captionTargetBox="[169,1404,427,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1423,419,1740]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Male (holotype). 1 – 3, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 4, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 5, Carapace dorsal view. 6 – 7, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively. 8, 9, 11, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 8 indicates the dorsal apophysis on the procursus, right arrow indicates the ventral notch basally on the procursus; arrow on Fig. 9 indicates the three distal projections on procursus; arrow on Fig. 11 indicates the setae sockets which look like pores). 10, Detail of the three distal projections on procursus (arrow indicates the brush of pseudotrichia). Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 6, 7), 1 mm (Figs 1 – 5, 8, 9, 11). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227208/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) (char. 54). Note: All the
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFBE6FEFDFB81FEC0" ID-CoL="4HHRK" box="[1072,1145,325,350]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFBE6FEFDFB81FEC0" box="[1072,1145,325,350]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group species, except
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFA51FEFEFF01FE1E" ID-CoL="4HHSD" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFA51FEFEFF01FE1E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. platnicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, present more than 30 sclerotized cones frontally on the male chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFBAEFEDFFB3AFE1E" box="[1144,1218,359,384]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1752,1775]" captionTargetBox="[169,1404,427,1722]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1423,419,1740]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Male (holotype). 1 – 3, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 4, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 5, Carapace dorsal view. 6 – 7, Chelicerae, frontal and lateral views respectively. 8, 9, 11, Left palp, retrolateral, dorsal, and prolateral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 8 indicates the dorsal apophysis on the procursus, right arrow indicates the ventral notch basally on the procursus; arrow on Fig. 9 indicates the three distal projections on procursus; arrow on Fig. 11 indicates the setae sockets which look like pores). 10, Detail of the three distal projections on procursus (arrow indicates the brush of pseudotrichia). Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 6, 7), 1 mm (Figs 1 – 5, 8, 9, 11). Abbreviations: BU, bulb of the palp; ES, embolic sclerites; LAC, lateral apophyses of chelicerae; SF, stridulatory files of chelicerae; SO, spermatic operculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227208/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
, char. 23; Valdez-
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFF41FE32FE9BFE3D" author="Mondragon" box="[151,355,394,419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Mondragón, 2010</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 197), an easily recognizable morphological character.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056DFFEBFF11FE15FC5FFDCE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF11FE15FEAEFE58" bold="true" box="[199,342,429,454]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Monophyly.</emphasis>
As was found by
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFDE5FE15FC9AFE58" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[563,866,429,454]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, the phylogenetic reanalysis supported the genus
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFF41FE77FEDAFE76" ID-CoL="6PYW" box="[151,290,463,488]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF41FE77FEDAFE76" box="[151,290,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as monophyletic, the following synapomorphies support the genus: 1) the paired and ventral apophysis on anterior part of epigynum (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFDBCFE4AFD3BFD95" box="[618,707,498,523]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,204,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,193,1436]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Female (paratype). 12 – 14, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 15, Epigynum, ventral view. 16, Epigynum, left lateral view. 17, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 15 – 17), 1 mm (Figs 12 – 14). Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227209/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Figs 15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFD07FE4BFD17FD95" box="[721,751,499,523]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1596,1619]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1565]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,445,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Female. 28 – 30, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 28 indicates the posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace, right arrow indicates the sclerotized patch on opisthosoma). 31, Epigynum, ventral view. 32, Epigynum, left lateral view. 33, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">31</figureCitation>
), 2) the lateral constraints in middle part of epigynum (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFAB9FE4AFF4DFDB0" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,204,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,193,1436]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Female (paratype). 12 – 14, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 15, Epigynum, ventral view. 16, Epigynum, left lateral view. 17, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 15 – 17), 1 mm (Figs 12 – 14). Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227209/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
), 3) the internal sclerotized arc with a sclerotized projection on anterior part of epigynum (
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFB60FDADFAECFDB0" box="[1206,1300,533,558]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,204,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,193,1436]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Physocyclus peribanensis sp. nov. Female (paratype). 12 – 14, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively. 15, Epigynum, ventral view. 16, Epigynum, left lateral view. 17, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 15 – 17), 1 mm (Figs 12 – 14). Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227209/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="348F389D056DFFEBFAF7FDAEFAB8FDB0" box="[1313,1344,534,558]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1596,1619]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1565]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,445,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Physocyclus paredesi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. Female. 28 – 30, Habitus, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views respectively (left arrow on Fig. 28 indicates the posterior dorsal protuberance on carapace, right arrow indicates the sclerotized patch on opisthosoma). 31, Epigynum, ventral view. 32, Epigynum, left lateral view. 33, Epigynum, dorsal view. Scales: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: PP, pore plates; VAE, ventral apophyses of epigynum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">33</figureCitation>
), and 4) curved setae in tibiae and metatarsi (see discussion for this character).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056DFFEBFF11FDE2FD33FB8D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF11FDE2FE9EFDED" bold="true" box="[199,358,602,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Composition.</emphasis>
Including
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE36FDE2FD24FDED" ID-CoL="4HHS9" box="[480,732,602,627]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE36FDE2FD24FDED" box="[480,732,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus palmarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFCC5FDE2FBCBFDED" ID-CoL="4HHSC" box="[787,1075,602,627]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peribanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFCC5FDE2FBCBFDED" box="[787,1075,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus peribanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85F34571056DFFEBFBEDFDE3FB6CFDEC" box="[1083,1172,603,626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the genus
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAC7FDE2FA64FDED" ID-CoL="6PYW" box="[1297,1436,602,627]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFAC7FDE2FA64FDED" box="[1297,1436,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is composed of 32 species in two species groups (
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD35FDC5FCBFFD08" ID-CoL="4HHRP" box="[739,839,637,662]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD35FDC5FCBFFD08" box="[739,839,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">globosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFC52FDC5FC35FD08" ID-CoL="4HHRK" box="[900,973,637,662]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFC52FDC5FC35FD08" box="[900,973,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFBC8FDC5FB7AFD08" ID-CoL="4HHRP" box="[1054,1154,637,662]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFBC8FDC5FB7AFD08" box="[1054,1154,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">globosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, composed by 11 species:
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF2FFD19FE96FD26" box="[249,366,671,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. b i c o r n i s</emphasis>
Gertsch,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE35FD19FCC7FD26" ID-CoL="4HHRN" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[483,831,671,696]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE35FD19FDA3FD26" box="[483,603,671,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. gertschi</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFC9AFD19FB87FD26" ID-CoL="4HHRP" authority="Taczanowski" authorityName="Taczanowski" box="[844,1151,671,696]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFC9AFD19FC36FD26" box="[844,974,671,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. globosus</emphasis>
(Taczanowski)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB5AFD19FA82FD26" ID-CoL="4HHRQ" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[1164,1402,671,696]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guanacaste">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB5AFD19FAD0FD26" box="[1164,1320,673,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. guanacaste</emphasis>
Huber
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFA51FD19FE22FD45" ID-CoL="4HHRT" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huacana">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFA51FD19FF00FD45" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. huacana</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE31FD7CFD52FD45" ID-CoL="4HHRV" authority="Gertsch" authorityName="Gertsch" box="[487,682,706,731]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lautus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE31FD7CFDB0FD45" box="[487,584,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. lautus</emphasis>
Gertsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD60FD7CFC66FD45" ID-CoL="4HHS2" authority="Gertsch" authorityName="Gertsch" box="[694,926,706,731]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD60FD7CFCC3FD45" box="[694,827,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. modestus</emphasis>
Gertsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFC7CFD7CFAEBFD45" ID-CoL="4HHS4" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[938,1299,706,731]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanoi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFC7CFD7CFBC8FD45" box="[938,1072,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. montanoi</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAF6FD7CFE8AFD60" ID-CoL="77HMH" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paredesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFAF6FD7CFA63FD45" box="[1312,1435,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. paredesi</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE54FD5EFD31FD60" ID-CoL="4HHSG" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[386,713,741,766]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarae">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE54FD5EFE19FD63" box="[386,481,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. sarae</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFCD8FD5EFBDBFD60" ID-CoL="4HHSK" authority="Gertsch. The" authorityName="Gertsch. The" box="[782,1059,741,766]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="validus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFCD8FD5EFC78FD60" box="[782,896,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. validus</emphasis>
Gertsch. The
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFBF9FD5DFB80FD60" ID-CoL="4HHRK" box="[1071,1144,741,766]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFBF9FD5DFB80FD60" box="[1071,1144,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, composed by 21 species:
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFF2EFCB1FD86FCBE" ID-CoL="4HHRD" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[248,638,775,800]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF2EFCB1FE62FCBE" box="[248,410,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. brevicornus</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD5DFCB1FBC5FCBE" ID-CoL="77HMF" authority="Chamberlin &amp; Gertsch" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Gertsch" box="[651,1085,775,800]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD5DFCB1FCD6FCBE" box="[651,814,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. californicus</emphasis>
Chamberlin &amp; Gertsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB9FFCB1FAE3FCBE" ID-CoL="4HHRH" authority="Banks" authorityName="Banks" box="[1097,1307,775,800]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornutus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB9FFCB1FB30FCBE" box="[1097,1224,777,800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. cornutus</emphasis>
Banks
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAF1FCB1FE8AFCDD" ID-CoL="4HHRJ" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darwini">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFAF1FCB1FA64FCBE" box="[1319,1436,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. darwini</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFEA8FC94FDCFFCDD" ID-CoL="4HHRK" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" box="[382,567,810,835]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFEA8FC94FE1BFCDD" box="[382,483,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. dugesi</emphasis>
Simon
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD95FC94FCE8FCDD" ID-CoL="4HHRL" authority="Crosby" authorityName="Crosby" box="[579,784,810,835]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enaulus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD95FC94FD4EFCDD" box="[579,694,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. enaulus</emphasis>
Crosby
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFCCAFC94FB8EFCDD" ID-CoL="4HHRM" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[796,1142,810,835]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="franckei">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFCCAFC94FC6CFCDD" box="[796,916,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. franckei</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB54FC94FF23FCF8" ID-CoL="4HHRS" authority="Gertsch &amp; Davis" authorityName="Gertsch &amp; Davis" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoogstraali">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB54FC94FAE7FCDD" box="[1154,1311,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. hoogstraali</emphasis>
Gertsch &amp; Davis
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFF38FCF6FD7AFCF8" ID-CoL="4HHRW" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[238,642,845,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marialuisae">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF38FCF6FE60FCF8" box="[238,408,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. marialuisae</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD43FCF6FC9FFCF8" ID-CoL="4HHRX" authority="Gertsch" authorityName="Gertsch" box="[661,871,845,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD43FCF6FD05FCFB" box="[661,765,846,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. merus</emphasis>
Gertsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFCACFCF6FB94FCF8" ID-CoL="4HHRY" authority="Banks" authorityName="Banks" box="[890,1132,845,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFCACFCF6FBECFCFB" box="[890,1044,846,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. mexicanus</emphasis>
Banks
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB56FCF6FA90FCF8" ID-CoL="4HHRZ" authority="Val" authorityName="Val" box="[1152,1384,845,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michoacanus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB56FCF6FAC0FCF8" box="[1152,1336,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. michoacanus</emphasis>
Val
</taxonomicName>
dez - Mondragón,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFEE4FCC9FDA9FC16" ID-CoL="4HHS6" authority="Chamberlin" authorityName="Chamberlin" box="[306,593,879,904]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFEE4FCC9FE4FFC16" box="[306,439,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. mysticus</emphasis>
Chamberlin
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFDB3FCC9FBB6FC16" ID-CoL="4HHS9" authority="Jimenez &amp; Palacios-Cardel" authorityName="Jimenez &amp; Palacios-Cardel" box="[613,1102,879,904]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmarus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFDB3FCC9FD0DFC16" box="[613,757,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. palmarus</emphasis>
Jiménez &amp; Palacios-Cardel
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFBB5FCC9FA8AFC16" ID-CoL="4HHSB" authority="Gertsch" authorityName="Gertsch" box="[1123,1394,879,904]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedregosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFBB5FCC9FAFFFC16" box="[1123,1287,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. pedregosus</emphasis>
Gertsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFA51FCC9FEDEFC35" ID-CoL="4HHSC" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peribanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFA51FCC9FEDEFC35" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. peribanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85F34571056DFFEBFEF8FC2BFE70FC34" box="[302,392,915,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE42FC2CFD0DFC35" ID-CoL="4HHSD" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[404,757,914,939]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE42FC2CFDEAFC35" box="[404,530,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. platnicki</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFCD7FC2CFC88FC35" box="[769,880,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFCD7FC2CFC90FC35" box="[769,872,914,939]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reddell">P. reddell</taxonomicName>
i
</emphasis>
Gertsch,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFC37FC2CFAEEFC35" ID-CoL="4HHSF" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[993,1302,914,939]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rothi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFC37FC2CFBCAFC35" box="[993,1074,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. rothi</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAF4FC2CFE8AFC50" ID-CoL="4HHSH" authority="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sprousei">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFAF4FC2CFA64FC35" box="[1314,1436,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. sprousei</emphasis>
Valdez-Mondragón
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE6EFC0EFD15FC50" ID-CoL="4HHSJ" authority="Chamberlin. As" authorityName="Chamberlin. As" box="[440,749,949,974]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanneri">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE6EFC0EFDD2FC53" box="[440,554,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. tanneri</emphasis>
Chamberlin. As
</taxonomicName>
was proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFC18FC0DFAF8FC50" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[974,1280,949,974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón (2013)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAC7FC0DFEF5FC6E" ID-CoL="4HHRY" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFAC7FC0DFEF5FC6E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus mexicanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included tentatively in
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD99FC6FFD60FC6E" ID-CoL="4HHRK" box="[591,664,983,1008]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD99FC6FFD60FC6E" box="[591,664,983,1008]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group because the female
<typeStatus id="730F9ABA056DFFEBFC1CFC6FFBD4FC6E" box="[970,1068,983,1008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has a long ventral apophysis on the epigynum as do the other species of the group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056DFFEBFF11FBA5FCCAFBA8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" box="[199,818,1053,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF11FBA5FE7DFBA8" bold="true" box="[199,389,1053,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Natural history.</emphasis>
See
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFE6DFBA5FD26FBA8" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[443,734,1053,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Valdez-Mondragón (2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFD3FFBA6FCDEFBA8" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[745,806,1054,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E4AE7793056DFFEBFF11FB87FCFDFA0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056DFFEBFF11FB87FC8EFA98" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFF11FB87FE98FBC6" bold="true" box="[199,352,1087,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Distribution.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFEB1FB87FD6CFBC6" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[359,660,1087,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón (2013)</bibRefCitation>
: “
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD7AFB87FCCEFBC6" box="[684,822,1087,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD7AFB87FCCEFBC6" box="[684,822,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a natural distribution in North
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFB68FB87FAD9FBC6" box="[1214,1313,1087,1112]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">America</collectingCountry>
, with most of the species known found in
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFE27FBDAFDBFFBE5" box="[497,583,1122,1147]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFD80FBDAFBF0FBE5" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[598,1032,1122,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Morphological phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Physocyclus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology, 41, 184 - 196." type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón, 2013; figs. 22, 23</bibRefCitation>
), with
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB83FBDCFEE7FB00" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB83FBDCFB02FBE5" box="[1109,1274,1122,1147]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">P. californicus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFAD3FBDCFA84FBE5" box="[1285,1404,1122,1147]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enaulus">P. enaulus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFA51FBDCFEE3FB00" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoogstraali">P. hoogstraali</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFE8FFB3EFE30FB03" box="[345,456,1158,1181]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanneri">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFE8FFB3EFE30FB03" box="[345,456,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. tanneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distributed in the southern part of the
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFC50FB3DFBD8FB00" box="[902,1056,1157,1182]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">United States</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB89FB3EFB04FB03" box="[1119,1276,1158,1181]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guanacaste">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB89FB3EFB04FB03" box="[1119,1276,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. guanacaste</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distributed in
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFF41FB10FEEEFB5E" box="[151,278,1191,1216]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFEF7FB11FE7FFB5E" box="[289,391,1191,1216]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFEF7FB11FE7FFB5E" box="[289,391,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">P. dugesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been introduced into
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFD7BFB10FCD1FB5E" box="[685,809,1191,1216]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFCB7FB1FFC2FFB5E" box="[865,983,1191,1216]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, although this last record of Caporiacco (1955) could be erroneous (B. Huber pers. comm.).
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFD2EFB72FC09FB7D" box="[760,1009,1226,1251]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globosus">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFD2EFB72FC09FB7D" box="[760,1009,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus globosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been introduced and reported in different countries around the world (
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFDEFFB55FCA7FA98" author="Valdez-Mondragon" box="[569,863,1261,1286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Valdez-Mondragón, 2010</bibRefCitation>
)”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC0B2418056DFFEBFF11FAB7FCFDFA0E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">
Recently Dr. Stuart J. Longhorn from
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFDABFAB7FD22FAB6" box="[637,730,1295,1320]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">England</collectingCountry>
sent me one male specimen of
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFB9FFAB7FAA5FAB6" box="[1097,1373,1295,1320]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guanacaste">
<emphasis id="9EC0F80A056DFFEBFB9FFAB7FAA5FAB6" box="[1097,1373,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Physocyclus guanacaste</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from San Isidro,
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFEC8FA8AFE73FAD5" box="[286,395,1330,1355]" name="Honduras" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Honduras</collectingCountry>
deposited in the in the Colección Nacional de Arácnidos (CNAN 8560), which is a new distribution record for the species, described originally from Province of
<taxonomicName id="6BB45F9B056DFFEBFC24FAEEFB8EFAF0" box="[1010,1142,1366,1390]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guanacaste">Guanacaste</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="D4A36488056DFFEBFB53FAEEFAFBFAF0" box="[1157,1283,1365,1390]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="205">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(see Valdez-
<bibRefCitation id="C82559E9056DFFEBFF41FACFFEA7FA0E" author="Mondragon" box="[151,351,1399,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="205" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2010) Revision taxonomica de Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) con la descripcion de especies nuevas de Mexico. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 18, 3 - 80." type="journal article" year="2010">Mondragón, 2010</bibRefCitation>
for complete records of this species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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