148 lines
14 KiB
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148 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28107" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20901e6c-13ac-4aa8-9a7d-f31e55d677f3" ID-PMC="PMC6262061" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-798-63" ID-PubMed="30510466" ID-ZBK="A46FB3AA7E3944048C585B81CC21A5D4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-798-63" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 798" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the genus Lichtwardtia Enderlein in Southeast Asia, a tale of highly diverse male terminalia (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)" checkinTime="1542850889227" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tang, Chufei, Yang, Ding & Grootaert, Patrick" docDate="2018" docId="23DF88DD65430620A84ECA91B89810AD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 798: 63-107" docOrigin="ZooKeys 798" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28107" docTitle="Lichtwardtia ziczac Wiedemann 1824" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FF87FFD78F5DFFB3FFC89E12FFCE930F" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Lichtwardtia Enderlein in Southeast Asia, a tale of highly diverse male terminalia (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="63" originalUpdateDomain="Boston" originalUpdateTime="1542850889227" originalUpdateUser="pensoft" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668166457188" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the genus Lichtwardtia Enderlein in Southeast Asia, a tale of highly diverse male terminalia (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tang, Chufei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>798</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>107</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28107</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.798.28107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-798-63</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">A46FB3AA7E3944048C585B81CC21A5D4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A46FB3AA7E3944048C585B81CC21A5D4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="149768464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:23DF88DD65430620A84ECA91B89810AD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/23DF88DD65430620A84ECA91B89810AD" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName authority="Wiedemann, 1824" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Lichtwardtia ziczac (Wiedemann, 1824)</taxonomicName>
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Figure 25
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichopus ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Dolichopus ziczac</taxonomicName>
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Wiedemann, 1824: 40. Female. Type locality: India Orientalis
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichopus ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Dolichopus ziczac</taxonomicName>
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Wiedemann, 1830: 232
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichopus zickzack" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zickzack">Dolichopus zickzack</taxonomicName>
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Wiedemann, 1824. Male in
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<bibRefCitation author="Becker, T" journalOrPublisher="Capita Zoologica (Den Haag)" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 247" title="Dipterologische Studien: Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region." volume="1" year="1922">Becker 1922</bibRefCitation>
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: 8, figure 1. Non
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<taxonomicName family="Dolichopodidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">ziczac</taxonomicName>
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sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Wiedemann, CRG" journalOrPublisher="Holmiae, Typis Lindhianis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1824">Wiedemann 1824</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Lichtwardtia ziczac</taxonomicName>
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(Wiedemann, 1824) sensu Zhang, Masunaga & Yang, 2009: 199, figs 11-14.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Holotype female, India Orientalis, on pin in collection ZMUC (Copenhagen).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Female. A medium-sized species (body: 4 mm; wing: 3.2 mm). Wing hyaline with anterior border faintly brownish and cross veins brownish seamed. No swelling of the costa before or at the point where R1 joins the costa. The ratio of the proximal section of M1, and the distal section is 0.4/0.6 (Figure 25). Thus the distal section is much longer than the proximal section. Fore coxa yellow, mid coxa brown and hind coxa yellowish.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichopus ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Dolichopus ziczac</taxonomicName>
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was described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Wiedemann, CRG" journalOrPublisher="Holmiae, Typis Lindhianis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1824">Wiedemann (1824)</bibRefCitation>
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on the basis of a female collected in India Orientalis. No precision is given about the locality so that the type locality could be everywhere in the Oriental region ranging from Pakistan to New Guinea at that time. The description of the species in the work of
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<bibRefCitation author="Wiedemann, CRG" journalOrPublisher="Holmiae, Typis Lindhianis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" title="Analecta entomologica." year="1824">Wiedemann (1824)</bibRefCitation>
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is very short, but fortunately the holotype female is still well preserved in the collections of the Zoological Museum in Copenhagen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation author="Becker, T" journalOrPublisher="Capita Zoologica (Den Haag)" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 247" title="Dipterologische Studien: Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region." volume="1" year="1922">Becker (1922)</bibRefCitation>
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knew about this specimen but did not see it. A colleague described it to him in a letter and Becker was sure that the specimens that he had in his own collection or had seen at the Hungarian Museum from Taiwan (China), India, Bangladesh, Rangoon (Myanmar), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea) were all the same species. The range is thus also very wide according to Becker. He gave a description of a male but did not mention the origin of the male. Hence we cannot rely on his re-description that fits to quite a number of species. At the same time he put
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhagoneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagoneurus coxalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coxalis">Rhagoneurus coxalis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kertész">Kertesz</normalizedToken>
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, 1901,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia formosana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">Lichtwardtia formosana</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein, 1912 and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhagoneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagoneurus polychromus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polychromus">Rhagoneurus polychromus</taxonomicName>
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Loew, 1864 all
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lichtwardtia</taxonomicName>
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species as junior synonyms of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">L. ziczac</taxonomicName>
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. Now we see that all are good species and we re-establish here their names as valid species. The previous holotype female is examined (Figure 25). It is not clear why
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<bibRefCitation author="Becker, T" journalOrPublisher="Capita Zoologica (Den Haag)" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 247" title="Dipterologische Studien: Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region." volume="1" year="1922">Becker (1922)</bibRefCitation>
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changed the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">ziczac</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="zickzack" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="zickzack">zickzack</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Brownish seams along the cross veins are not very common in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lichtwardtia</taxonomicName>
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and actually only known in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">L. ziczac</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. singaporensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="singaporensis">L. singaporensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. The ratio of the proximal section of M1, and the distal section is however 0.435/0.564. Thus the distal section is not as long as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">L. ziczac</taxonomicName>
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. We do not consider both species as conspecific for the moment because in the near future it might be possible to extract ancient DNA from the holotype without using destructive techniques. This can be decisive about the status of both species. We propose to consider
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">L. ziczac</taxonomicName>
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(Wiedemann) from terra incognita as a nomen dubium and not to complicate again the taxonomy of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lichtwardtia</taxonomicName>
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by applying the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ziczac" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="ziczac">ziczac</taxonomicName>
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to the male of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="singaporensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="singaporensis">singaporensis</taxonomicName>
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without genetic information. Remarkable is that among the more than 200
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lichtwardtia</taxonomicName>
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specimens belonging to six species that we found in Seam Reap, no specimens with brownish seamed cross veins were found.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Figure 25.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lichtwardtia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lichtwardtia ziczac" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziczac">Lichtwardtia ziczac</taxonomicName>
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(Wiedemann, 1824) holotype female (photograph by Dr Thomas Pape).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |