287 lines
42 KiB
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287 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="62490" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1b1f4bf3-acd9-43a4-bf0a-a93e80d70da6" ID-PMC="PMC9848779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1103-123" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A820088C785659F18D1C8E0F14FC642D" ID-PubMed="36761788" ID-ZooBank="58199DE7FAD743E1A029DC969C6E9BFC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1103-123" checkinTime="1654168745574" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Qiu, Lu & Kundrata, Robin" docDate="2022" docId="1E8BE7195A7D5507812A131B5161B2AA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1103: 123-138" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1103" docPubDate="2022-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015" docTitle="Pseudocsikia choui Qiu & Kundrata 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9AD84855-59B9-4C47-9734-FC6A2AAC723E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="A820088C785659F18D1C8E0F14FC642D" lastPageNumber="123" masterDocId="A820088C785659F18D1C8E0F14FC642D" masterDocTitle="Descriptions of two new flightless species of Pseudocsikia Schimmel & Platia (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dimini) from Taiwan Island, China, with a definition of the formosana species-group" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="123" pageNumber="123" updateTime="1732803380616" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="83754745683106ED2C857147C8AB5611" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="50A7940E3BDAF69221E776140686E353">
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<mods:title id="BEEC662BB8108881E267B8FF598C4F7E">Descriptions of two new flightless species of Pseudocsikia Schimmel & Platia (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dimini) from Taiwan Island, China, with a definition of the formosana species-group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C4E8A8AD2086515518003D9A6DD70433" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C4C82A0C4F2F63496A94773C2D3B4311">
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<mods:roleTerm id="714B0A86772AF0BCD53196C3489F66B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DCE1A8786F71E3A06D717DF134F97A04">Qiu, Lu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="30E116D1A195BDF5C7F4DB1EFA4A6183" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-1634</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9707E0DE3F05C096B554DB22DD39CFB1">Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing West Road, 621000, Mianyang, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33A03DF36D9DE7116B1FF2989E3FA29F" type="email">123church@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AB22DED1B289C03F4CA97AFBC36C1642" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="52C8317D7648565DA9D6BE61B93446EE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="875B433E0311E19B69702F9182B5FB8E">Kundrata, Robin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="85626D52E79D7A58E1E90AE935F88ADB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9397-1030</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D97199AA3B8F957B1566C9C83FBFC70E">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BFD4ACE06F7A31901B02995397DE697E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="40A145EDCF198AFFB78A076BD528A9A7">
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<mods:title id="AA15B45D86F825253E1DBF899C350740">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E19F27B92FC6092EF32772687EF1B20C">
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<mods:date id="21B4DE6EF837ED5FBB356E627DA1BB75">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F822977806D9B780EA771EBC365B7674" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="12F24B2C38663775C8FF1288442FD866">2022-06-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E4B640021EC767D54690F254F50E3E74" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="82AAD1DF15771724B59E59E47557C9E2">1103</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="3B59C9B35665D57605404652CA2CD2BA" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="C8C5526A9876E3A25A2BAC4735F3A580">123</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="AD346F85E745AA611714D536EC9FDDF8">138</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="3E1C58DA11D6F0E85CF855B64FA73633">
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<mods:url id="1CE246554439A3E2CC27CA8043D08E56">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="615705AB1E6E7EDBD7240C9C952346E8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="86302B67E0FD538248A938C2C7BDC481" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3BDACFC0160FFB47B664B8FF264F193E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1103-123</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A26D8F157402394A7A397B2759795D49" type="ZooBank">58199DE7FAD743E1A029DC969C6E9BFC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0FABF50F94C1F3A37420A19B555C3550" type="Pensoft-UUID">A820088C785659F18D1C8E0F14FC642D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="1E8BE7195A7D5507812A131B5161B2AA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195723657" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9AD84855-59B9-4C47-9734-FC6A2AAC723E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E8BE7195A7D5507812A131B5161B2AA" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" scope_family="Elateridae" scope_order="Coleoptera">
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<subSubSection id="185E096A051DD176B6FC99DC67405273" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B272B4AE5C3EDB1111C7AFDBAA3FC431" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName id="5ACF6AFA0FE8AE6800E5AE90C8832EE2" LSID="http://zoobank.org/9AD84855-59B9-4C47-9734-FC6A2AAC723E" authority="Qiu & Kundrata, 2022" authorityName="Qiu & Kundrata" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Pseudocsikia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudocsikia choui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="choui" status="sp. nov.">Pseudocsikia choui</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DA3CEF1475706A6000BEF31C0EBDDEC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78E6F3A6E6724AF11353ED7ADCE72F86" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D8EA9ACB496F49CA047A2EF7EDEAA048" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<figureCitation id="BC932DA9B3FD56AEDCEE829CA4C900DB" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudocsikia spp. A Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view B Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691080" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="979B37D02A00F9CCF343B9DA8F8ABA4A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">, 3A-H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AE43078A1A67FA4359F73314037CAE70" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">, 5A-F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="471117CF2346C31DDB067E0057188556" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="708A62EC198A82A5DD0B3845F283484F" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DF9726FEAF0E4B5EF43FB7325905FD8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<emphasis id="77117511BA02A6226C580A2F9720A3AF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Holotype</emphasis>
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, male, "2017.IX.13,台湾嘉义县阿里山二万坪, 2000m,
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<normalizedToken id="CABFE4A1DFACDE11D5D1A10DE008D60C" originalValue="周文一”">周文-"</normalizedToken>
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[Erwanping, Mount Alishan, Chiayi County, Taiwan, 2000 m, 13.IX.2017, Wen-I Chou leg.], "
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<taxonomicName id="B853BE57FCED6F0B212CA56EA1D8AE51" authorityName="Qiu & Kundrata" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Pseudocsikia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudocsikia choui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="choui">
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<emphasis id="C864ED10DE8AFB4958620ABF61BCE53B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Pseudocsikia choui</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<normalizedToken id="AC94832CCEFC8C40AE6D6563121A1869" originalValue="周氏伪斯叩甲">周氏伪斯叩甲</normalizedToken>
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HOLOTYPE des. Qiu et Kundrata 2022" (MYNU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B577FCE7D339767B884BC928CA400C66" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EF2F1EB180E21ECA45AD4B5D2CC202EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F27FD9501C572934B093BF691C001E95" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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Head, pronotum, and elytra dark brown, with paler lateral portions of pronotum and elytra, legs yellow (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="44B245B0C4BE57BDF9866FDD46A47608" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudocsikia spp. A Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view B Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691080" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">1A</figureCitation>
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). Antennomere II subequal in length to antennomere III. Pronotum (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="54C652610C0911620CEBDE61D5311D62" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3A</figureCitation>
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) smooth, with sparse punctures (intervals usually equal to 4-6 puncture diameters). Anterior angle of pronotum with apex of protrusion closer to inner angle. Posterior angles divergent. Metaventrite sparsely punctate, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 2-5 puncture diameters. Metacoxal plate (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="FC524B97EDA090C15E36B3F55837075F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3G</figureCitation>
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) enlarged mesally, sparsely punctate. Tergite IX (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="18B6D89634620674D6B18A42D0975AA7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5B</figureCitation>
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) subtriangular, with two narrow lobes. Aedeagus with median lobe with acute lateral projetions near midlength, narrowed to apex, apex blunt with small acute lateral projections. Paramere with apex pointed and projecting laterad. Phallobase with basal angles rounded (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B1653DD774529E9FAE28DE45B0D060EB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1E237A38444D4C89B1213A5D6E0C44CF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691081" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph id="3D3FA7403B64076CA51374E6E96E87AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<emphasis id="5753336D454A99D2AE322D5723A1136D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Habitus and characters of
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<taxonomicName id="72F15AC9B87C1253DB1BEBA094FFE8CA" baseAuthorityName="Ohira" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Pseudocsikia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudocsikia formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
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<emphasis id="D84620A06C37BDC10F293751D3E1276A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Pseudocsikia formosana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="540CBA7ACA7E6379EE1012E654ED2668" originalValue="Ôhira">Ohira</normalizedToken>
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, 1972)
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<emphasis id="228F70EACBAA2172BDC2F74D2E8B7DD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">A-H</emphasis>
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male holotype
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<emphasis id="7F4BDE75B310F31D26B51BB1F37FE376" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">A</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="8084AA520DA255A6BABA7DBB4215DBFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">B</emphasis>
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habitus, ventral view
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<emphasis id="46C09BA281C2F8CED57274A7C9870BE2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">C</emphasis>
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habitus, lateral view
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<emphasis id="CA4CA8F3FFD303F227B82F4708F13575" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">D</emphasis>
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labels
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<emphasis id="2E5263A3143AA41D03CEEF4D91872FB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">E</emphasis>
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anterior protrusion of pronotum (indicated by an arrow), dorsal view
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<emphasis id="DA6A22E69241C6B277971CB08FD479FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">F</emphasis>
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anterior protrusion of hypomeron (indicated by an arrow), ventral view
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<emphasis id="2E27956B18F7EDD68601153DE3ADABEA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">G</emphasis>
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posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="D7548CD04A57B23C19F44CA199C6CB59" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">H</emphasis>
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abdominal tip, ventral view (arrow indicates the apex of median lobe)
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<emphasis id="70DC4A4D8C38B3FA7E67C9884D166407" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">I, J</emphasis>
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paratype of an unknown sex
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<emphasis id="159F5050D1D3727D406A4C9AD1601735" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">I</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="FF9CC1033BE9C1D1614876678BAE3B9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">J</emphasis>
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labels. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis id="21429DDA54DD59C5A81D11A2087F104C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">A-C, I</emphasis>
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);
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<emphasis id="E3CCD0B54D3549A9B36C3F28B2F9F776" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">E-H</emphasis>
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not to scale. All photos provided by Jeremy Frank (BPBM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAEDC329E462F1B124A1A1B90B6B2811" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph id="4B4B6D0498D5812FE08BCF655ED947E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Comparison.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D6712F245197DF3CE9303F0DCC7669AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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This species superficially resembles
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<taxonomicName id="673E8C5937AE2AF4CD320DF4ED05575F" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. fomosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fomosana">
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<emphasis id="7C48841CF3115176C68EA07B593CFCCA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. fomosana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the pale coloration of its pronotum and elytral sides and by the sparse punctures of pronotum, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by the larger body length (5.9 mm, while 4.0 mm in
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<taxonomicName id="0A0EB30E3330272D28AF83E06A431CB7" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
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<emphasis id="D8F7F27018315304CD22D422B68D16A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. formosana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), darker coloration of pronotum and elytra medially, more forwardly protruded anterior angles of pronotum (pointing more outward in the pronotum of
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<taxonomicName id="68EA8BA8A9262EC32C658ADDF3ED2BDD" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
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<emphasis id="B8391D031744704B2DF502EAF6AA2495" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. formosana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and shorter and more divergent posterior angle of pronotum (longer, more robust and nearly straight in
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<taxonomicName id="07EA6FB194A1AFDE2A74441DCC273D1F" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
|
|
<emphasis id="13612C357A0E0DA2F62A949B4BC8295A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. formosana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). The shape of aedeagus also readily differentiates these two species. Based on the illustration of
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5EEFE42F9534A2B8A311FDC83D00E9E6" author="Ohira, H" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B8" refString="Ohira, H, 1972. Elaterid-beetles from Taiwan in Bishop Museum (Coleoptera). Pacific Insects 14: 1 - 14" title="Elaterid-beetles from Taiwan in Bishop Museum (Coleoptera)." volume="14" year="1972">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C042C1A97696EE61F3157DFC45667D9A" originalValue="Ôhira">Ohira</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1972
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: fig. 3), the distal half of the median lobe of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2C2BA12C2BA3455D6AFF31B70302C9B5" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
|
|
<emphasis id="972856CCA4896DAD3CE960BFF818AEBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. formosana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has four large acute processes laterally, and its apex is somewhat rectangular; and the paramere of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="944FC3DBE8E179915BA89F5C201AEAE9" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. formosana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
|
|
<emphasis id="853DD0A513AC78A645D788DE4E977F4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. formosana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has the apex rounded and slightly outward.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="56BADFE74DC66FC60473B39F23D6210A" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="CDDBE607DF928C86C6FD6609E370573E" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Description</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="87367C0AD9E632A5B618C8329B4C917C" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
<emphasis id="F97179711DD8A0F7D8BD523E1439EF34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">(male holotype).</emphasis>
|
|
Body smooth, surface covered with curved, semi-erect, and moderately long pubescence. Body length 5.9 mm; width 2.2 mm; antenna length 3.0 mm; pronotum length 1.4 mm, pronotum width 1.9 mm (measured at posterior angles), elytra length 3.5 mm.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="42A1362DE1888AD7BF2DF04B1207A652" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Body brown, pubescence yellow (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="CB69897245ED0292C0B9C865D2685A9F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudocsikia spp. A Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view B Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691080" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">1A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Head dark brown, antennae yellowish brown, labrum and mandibles brown, remaining mouthparts yellowish brown. Pronotum dark brown centrally; lateral, anterior and hind portions, and hind angles yellowish brown, with darker outlined margins. Scutellar shield brown, with dark outlined margins, especially anteriorly. Elytra dark brown centrally, yellowish brown laterally; yellowish-brown portions gradually lightened toward apices, basal margins of elytra dark outlined. Underside reddish brown, prosternum darker than hypomeron, sternites VI-VII and legs yellow.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3ADA7F39A370627E721CCAC1AB0C715B" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Head including eyes 0.5 times as wide as pronotum. Supra-antennal carinae short, directed mesad and fading medially so that median portion of frontoclypeus is not formed by sharp carina; frontoclypeus overhanging base of labrum in lateral view. Head surface sparsely punctate; punctures small, intervals between punctures mostly equal 2-3 puncture diameters. Maxillary palpus with palpomere III longer than wide. Antenna (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="1317D5C666E4D075F20A82DF6F06B6F2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3E</figureCitation>
|
|
) surpassing hind angle of pronotum by about one antennomere; scape robust and longest, remaining antennomeres subequal in length; ultimate antennomere obliquely truncate, with apex rounded.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="93E050F13FA9EDAF02CA20595F0BC6F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Pronotum (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="2DA13521EEF9C34C28F8F675AB08C8B0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3A</figureCitation>
|
|
) wider than long (measured at midline), widest near middle. In lateral view, pronotum convex. Anterior angles of pronotum protruding (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E49BC82B3FB5020830BBC1CCF7233D0D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3C</figureCitation>
|
|
); protrusion of anterior angle subquadrate, inner angle more protruded than outer angle, posterior part of protrusion with deep, crescent-shape pit. Lateral margins of pronotum arched medially, sides near middle narrowing anteriad and posteriad, anteriorly narrowing more sharply than posteriorly; posterior angles (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="813B8A848D3539D78C27DB9AE930CC8E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3F</figureCitation>
|
|
) long, slightly divergent, apical portion of posterior angle slightly enlarged, then narrowed, apex blunt. Disc of pronotum sparsely covered with small, shallow punctures; intervals between punctures on average subequal to four to six puncture diameters; interstices smooth. Pubescence mostly directed outwards; basal portion directed anteriorly.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4FCBF783C6EAC472F67F22857F1A3E99" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Hypomeron (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7EFAFF960DD0BC17A993C8EFD1DE056C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3B</figureCitation>
|
|
) more densely punctate than pronotum, punctures small and shallow, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 3-4 puncture diameters; apex of hypomeron strongly protruded, margin wrinkled. Pronotosternal sutures nearly straight, anterior excavation wide, long carination paralleled with suture from base of hypomeron and reaching anterior protrusion of hypomeron, forming hook-shaped carination anteriorly, end of the carination slightly extending backwards, with a small pit partly enclosed by curving hook of carination (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E1FC1BA2E00F7DF93B7B6928F406145C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Prosternum (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="F832CD09463DE623EC5EB80BCDD3083E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3B</figureCitation>
|
|
) including prosternal process about 2.00 times as long as wide; chin piece with large, dense punctures, intervals between punctures approximately one puncture diameter; punctures in remaining area sparser and smaller, intervals between punctures 3-6 puncture diameters, punctures on prosternal process sparse, small. Prosternal process (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="A19699F79D21A8D6C508EEE0346F0425" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3H</figureCitation>
|
|
) with ventral surface horizontal in lateral view, with elongate notch ventroapically, roundly enlarged dorsoapically.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="FDFF7300FE558696E3D8666876DEE760" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph id="D47119F865F0EB9C687B8D8AFCEC06CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
<emphasis id="750FBB5540D424C91920FD5B8DD09A66" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
Characters of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5344DC4D687D5652EF1564539B91CF69" authorityName="Qiu & Kundrata" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Pseudocsikia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudocsikia choui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="choui">
|
|
<emphasis id="8ACF1116D546D0659AC523E3CBECDA1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Pseudocsikia choui</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., male, holotype
|
|
<emphasis id="58D83F57627A83BBB8D48480F6CCB7F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">A</emphasis>
|
|
pronorum, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis id="1BAAD2A7BE9563FAC68FADFA7B76E214" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">B</emphasis>
|
|
pro- and mesothorax, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis id="783EFDB97E9D6A5A23BF7C02869EF8A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">C</emphasis>
|
|
anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis id="F703CBA058C8360157CF5AD1E3D4E055" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">D</emphasis>
|
|
anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis id="5F5F12C758115ECC1D29E736C1488CA0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">E</emphasis>
|
|
antenna
|
|
<emphasis id="188F4B58C08F2629493C0B282A732E87" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">F</emphasis>
|
|
posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis id="03B7F3F0A08C7DBA2C79875C06E3F986" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">G</emphasis>
|
|
metacoxal plate, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis id="C51FDC11B5EAB59885FB0660F348EAF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">H</emphasis>
|
|
prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
|
<emphasis id="77DC6806F69EDA273FAB161F2642D9B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">A, B, E, F</emphasis>
|
|
); 0.2 mm (
|
|
<emphasis id="344DE6255A4E07C128F16CD2957EF6FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">C, D, G, H</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="A74059A97A52C0BDCF61AEBFBB28D215" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Scutellar shield (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="34A4B38F3CBAA09865E38240AEC5E4F8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3F</figureCitation>
|
|
) suboval, about 1.2 times as wide as long; anterior margin rounded, posterior margin slightly pointed. Mesoventrite (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C6074E2D05FD9D3364482006BFEEA80B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3B</figureCitation>
|
|
) with deep procoxal rests. Mesoventral process elevated, hind margin wide. Mesanepisternum with large, curved lateral extensions of procoxal rests. Metaventrite medially with sparse punctures, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 3-5 puncture diameters. Anterior portion of discrimen with sharp groove, occupying half-length of metaventrite. Metacoxal plate enlarged inward, narrowed laterad (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7266A474DC8665792A5CB58864912ED3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3G</figureCitation>
|
|
), surface with very sparse punctures.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A1F1AA0A804452E37AC9E002179E5925" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
Elytra (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="2DDCDDB7B7E1D1A313723E9DB851B6A8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Pseudocsikia spp. A Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view B Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male holotype, dorsal view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691080" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">1A</figureCitation>
|
|
) elongate, together 1.6 times as long as wide, widest at 1/3 of their length from base. Humeri (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="41572BCCFC5A197602179A79158054E8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male, holotype A pronorum, dorsal view B pro- and mesothorax, ventral view C anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view D anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view E antenna F posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view G metacoxal plate, ventral view H prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D, G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691082" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">3A, F</figureCitation>
|
|
) elevated. Sides from humeri roundly widened to 1/3 of elytral length in dorsal view, then gradually narrowed towards apices; apices slightly independently rounded. Elytral striae shallow, formed by lines of small punctures, intervals between punctures in stria on average subequal to 2-3 puncture diameters. Interstriae flat, smooth, with some micropunctures. Hind wings absent. Abdomen with ventrites more densely punctate than pronotum, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 2-3 puncture diameters; pubescence directed backwards. Apical ventrite with blunt apex. Tergite VIII (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6E3FFA853B088F5F955C6BC59396D236" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5C</figureCitation>
|
|
) subtriangular, 1.6 times as long as wide, distal margin pointed medially, apically covered with sparse pubescence. Sternite VIII with two dark colored lobes, shape as Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7D3B46869D6A2EC7F391932B47243A1F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5C</figureCitation>
|
|
, with long setae, remaining portion membranous. Tergite IX (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="FE3489F4252BE6CF71D6F71A7135623B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5B</figureCitation>
|
|
) subtriangular, 1.3 times as long as wide, medially deeply emarginate; two lobes elongate, lateral sides with long setae; tergite X (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="837444D2723DEED4BF6E54D605D1B88A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5B</figureCitation>
|
|
) membranous, exceeding apices of lobes of tergite IX. Sternite IX (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="BEDB619B380BB357DA61FD49C852B6B6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5A</figureCitation>
|
|
) slightly stout, 2.7 times as long as wide, apically widely rounded and setose.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6DE15D49BE0E22E58BC865F9947877E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
|
|
<emphasis id="1E710E33474DD0AFDB546EA39E6B4104" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Aedeagus</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="BF8FEB37FC78309DECC11363E54C54EF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Characters of Pseudocsikia spp. A-F Pseudocsikia choui sp. nov., male holotype G-L Pseudocsikia chanjuan sp. nov., male, holotype A, G abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view B, H abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view C, I abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view D, J aedeagus, ventral view E, K aedeagus, lateral view F, L aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/691084" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">5D-F</figureCitation>
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) with robust median lobe, two times as long as one paramere; distal half of median lobe arrow-shaped, apex with small protrusion, apex blunt, laterally with small acute projections; long, needle-like sclerite present on ventral side of median lobe. Paramere stout, reaching half of median lobe; apex pointed outward. Phallobase subquadrate, margins thickened, medially with longitudinal thickened line, basal angles rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9F3F0AE6747535DAE42E87CB05D08BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
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<emphasis id="9DECAA92E4B30A4CC62A7C408A037993" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Female.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7AE5675BDC2E4D419D8315C3358C0DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="immature stages">
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<paragraph id="3DC455439D2FD44BD213784659BA0B2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Immature stages.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A3C87FB0DB7EC4AF3F331AA254C70B21" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2C90E143349FA2EDE60E8E621922ED7" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F0772D65BA9CB16CF2BB8D0A3A7EB406" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC1F480D597ED6E68B0D5CAE68590E" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">China: Taiwan (Chiayi).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59F8CF5F4BFC6F8451C91ACEC50213AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="EF361C54F142FC5B14AA9E479198E83E" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4D5BAF49887E768B6DF618CC109BB69F" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">The specific patronymic epithet is dedicated to Dr Wen-I Chou (Taiwan, China), the collector of the holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |