162 lines
20 KiB
XML
162 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="BF88F17E912A41CC729F7F5941F2C3D7" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d35d18b-3ccf-4271-a6cd-51df06adc470" ModsDocID="13137" checkinTime="1243371917804" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Snelling, R. R. & Longino, J. T." docDate="1992" docId="1DE47EC92743242FC0984FAD45785179" docLanguage="en" docName="13137" docOrigin="Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies., Oxford: Oxford University Press" docSource="http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=13137" docTitle="Cyphomyrmex minutus Snelling & Longino, 1992, new status" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="490" masterDocId="5C58E6D48FA736A0E32B712BD406A5CC" masterDocTitle="Revisionary notes on the fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini)." masterLastPageNumber="494" masterPageNumber="479" pageNumber="490" updateTime="1701311060761" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AB2F28E15FA3F789ECA223732CA2C32D">Revisionary notes on the fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CACD6CE22AAB21D22044CEBBE99726A9">Snelling, R. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6C34135B503ECCB02D6371DF8DD5C48E">Longino, J. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="03AC5D122B12957F3C8D017CC5943105">1992</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:namePart id="B06EE9214B89C81D4D591C166F7A0453">Quintero, D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F7C64D0BD6CCCE4734F474608B270B5C">Aiello, A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D47AFF31EB65A27AEE950A4A65815A27">Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies.</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="2C0EEA924C7BE9BCDC244C5EB8E2E585">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D891743B8104EF822C6A2D3E30946A37" type="HNS-Pub">13137</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1DE47EC92743242FC0984FAD45785179" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6281643" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125136879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6281643" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1DE47EC92743242FC0984FAD45785179" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DE47EC92743242FC0984FAD45785179" lastPageNumber="490" pageNumber="490">
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<subSubSection id="6D6311AC73333473ED3544FAD394DAFF" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C6E0D07A43DF53D6B4E8EB78A6C1B373" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="13DED096EFB67E8D0E9FE6FEF9F626D6" ID-CoL="33FRQ" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="65D5ED51BB489C1E4F0B4232ECB38920">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0B378723BB1B6DA9AFAA167CBDA517A7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="22A863AD0342A2D77BE72A32FA289795" pageNumber="490">(Figs. 30.6, 30.14, 30.22, 30.24)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="357CE04A4513787039377840C5489CE3" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="24522C7C6CFEC98D0414FD271DB3EA8E" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="AA383BC5339FADC270A4EDD1B297CFCC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr</taxonomicName>
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, 1862:691; [[worker]].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE53E3FCB23F9636323DA6D9122F2F64" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="5752C877F38C6B84F31E805A283733B8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137360" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex steinheili Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Cyphomyrmex steinheili Forel</taxonomicName>
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, 1884:368; [[worker]].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="87C1D0CAE306D1E8B168B58337A4310A" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="7E7A05256409BAC14106BFFF70BD5CA3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137358" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. comalensis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="comalensis">
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Cyphomyrmex
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<taxonomicName id="CF498008703C8C9858459F2F8934D907" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137358" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. comalensis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="comalensis">rimosus var. comalensis Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 1907: 719-21; [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8C072480283AECF3C2AA840BB21844A" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="1C41766CD35A85D06171BC0CD005356D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:241472" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="minutus">Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. minutus</taxonomicName>
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; Wheeler, 1907:722;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD3FB05D2BAB2CDB974BFFD41CB255D5" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="0CAE766353147A6890C575CE932D03D6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137356" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Atta (Cyphomyrmex) rimosa r. atrata Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosa" subGenus="Cyphomyrmex" subSpecies="atrata">Atta (Cyphomyrmex) rimosa race atrata Forel</taxonomicName>
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, 1912:188-9; [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]]. new synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="25A980835EA31C1BE1EB12814F832B4E" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="604FDB256504D748C59D2C014495415B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137355" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. arnoldi Aguayo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="arnoldi">Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. arnoldi Aguayo</taxonomicName>
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, 1932:22 3-4; new synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9FCE1A135D273B1141165FF2EDD3901E" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="40A788D02C5351167A274D692AEC3F93" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228983" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. minutus var. flavidus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" subSpecies="minutus" variety="flavidus">Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. minutus var. flavidus Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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, 19 36:204;. Preoccupied, NEW SYNONYMY.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C26553AA8B719BC552ABF99AA788884" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="5608F1879564E0FCAFA5265A888BBE86" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="venezuelensis">
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Cyphomyrmex
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<taxonomicName id="495D2A93DCC3B8D8CCA2798206481E12" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="venezuelensis">rimosus var. venezuelensis Weber</taxonomicName>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 19 38: 188;. new synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2999AF858E7BA658C7BEE40F7F608BAE" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="6CDB07C165D04E1923E3D42F0286B128" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228982" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus flavescens Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="flavescens">Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. flavescens Weber</taxonomicName>
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, 1940:411; New name for
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<taxonomicName id="54673439DD6C2D7CCAC54D0A31DA25EC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28526" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex flavidus Pergande" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavidus">flavidus Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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, 1936, not Pergande, 1895. new synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A851790915A8AD5D1202977450478F68" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="FB670C6512409B669B03AE66A0D1E685" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228979" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus breviscapus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="breviscapus">Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. breviscapus Weber</taxonomicName>
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, 1940:412; -. new synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2FAF3573A06684D4FC75284322727C8D" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="1887393216E23E7C95037E3BC6712F1A" pageNumber="490">
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This is the most widespread and commonly encountered of all the species of
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<taxonomicName id="B7802EBFAF232ABFFC5DC1C59B4D7031" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2389" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyphomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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. In the United States it ranges from Texas to Florida, but is abundant only from central Texas eastward. The range extends southward through Central America to northern South America and
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<taxonomicName id="10B31E4ADBC904421CD932ED6E231CA4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">C. minutus</taxonomicName>
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is common through the islands of the Caribbean. The type locality is Cuba.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43D5C14D821DC095D5563EB5EAA1C0A7" pageNumber="490">
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Although the species generally maintains a monotonous morphological integrity, there are exceptional populations that have, not surprisingly, been named as distinctive forms. For example, specimens from Jamaica tend to possess mesosomal tubercles that are more acute than in samples from other areas. Aguayo's
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<taxonomicName id="16E384F7A19F5417986CCF91497A3F6A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137355" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. arnoldi Aguayo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="arnoldi">var. arnoldi</taxonomicName>
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is based on a very dark example of this form; no types of this form are known to exist in either the AMNH or MCZ Wheeler material. Presumably, the more conspicuous tubercles mentioned in the original description led Kempf (1966) to surmise that this might prove to be
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<taxonomicName id="BF6E2A6681E46554933508B9F967081A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28527" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex foxi André" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foxi">C. foxi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC20343A5FF0CEF056C6A53EC216D801" pageNumber="490">
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Some Central American samples, ranging from Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, north to the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico, have unusually short scapes in the females and workers. Generally, the apex of the scape extends beyond the occipital corner by an amount equal to, or slightly greater than, the apical breadth of the scape. In the short-scape form, equivalent to Weber's
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<taxonomicName id="13721E7E6001BD2F195F97FEC61276B0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228979" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus breviscapus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="breviscapus">subsp. breviscapus</taxonomicName>
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, the scape exceeds the occipital corner by about one-half the breadth of the scape. In general, specimens with short scapes are among the smallest
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<taxonomicName id="0C939DE3C8CE740DE454C96B08981942" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">C. minutus</taxonomicName>
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seen (worker head width 0.50-0.55 mm), and slightly larger workers possess proportionately longer scapes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B78D634BCD3C0AE643A2101E5C6859B1" pageNumber="490">
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Wheeler's
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<taxonomicName id="198E20AF6982AABA4C3BC149E084EF43" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228983" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. minutus var. flavidus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" subSpecies="minutus" variety="flavidus">var. flavidus</taxonomicName>
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, because the name was preoccupied, was renamed
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<taxonomicName id="1277CC5718C71BFD0E0675F76FE79503" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228982" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus flavescens Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">flavescens</taxonomicName>
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by Weber. This is a minor colour variant, described from Haiti. Throughout its range
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<taxonomicName id="D0925F606830B103C697E21EA92ECB55" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">C. minutus</taxonomicName>
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varies considerably in colour, even within a local population, and the naming of these variants is pointless.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7808C9FAC63D9F76992DA8B7333619F" pageNumber="490">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="3F5E2CD55E82EF7053CEE69C23A3F4FC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="venezuelensis">var. venezuelensis</taxonomicName>
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was set up for specimens from the Orinoco River, Venezuela, on the basis of minor variations in the shape of the mesosomal tubercles and scape length. In our opinion these specimens are well within the range in variation shown for these features in other populations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F066E6C7EFD6400790F07FB07E7113D9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="773FE7FCBB409FE59A6C4895B95FA71F" lastPageNumber="491" pageNumber="490">
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Aside from their slightly more prominent anterior mesosomal tubercles and darker colour, the workers in the type series of Forel's
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<taxonomicName id="066CF9A0B3D969FEDA35929383B29EC7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137356" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Atta (Cyphomyrmex) rimosa r. atrata Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosa" subGenus="Cyphomyrmex" subSpecies="atrata">race atrata</taxonomicName>
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hardly differ from most samples of
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<taxonomicName id="7FB3118F515C13FC74AA1FF4FD017603" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28535" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">C. minutus</taxonomicName>
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. The cotype series, consisting of all castes, from Dibulla, Guajira, Colombia, has been examined. As is true of the workers, the female cotypes are unusually dark, but seem otherwise like their counterparts from other areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |