239 lines
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239 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.215.3547" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5b80ba84-200e-4470-b52b-19350b2076d9" ID-PMC="PMC3428790" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-215-77" ID-PubMed="22936872" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-215-77" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 215" ModsDocTitle="An extraordinary new family of spiders from caves in the Pacific Northwest (Araneae, Trogloraptoridae, new family)" checkinTime="1451248796925" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Griswold, Charles E., Audisio, Tracy & Ledford, Joel M." docDate="2012" docId="1DA4DCEE096518F88EFD3DE9DC12556E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 215: 77-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 215" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.215.3547" docTitle="Trogloraptor marchingtoni Griswold, Audisio & Ledford, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="FFF0AC092F44FFDFFFFCB01AFFB5D547" masterDocTitle="An extraordinary new family of spiders from caves in the Pacific Northwest (Araneae, Trogloraptoridae, new family)" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="82" updateTime="1668154374521" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An extraordinary new family of spiders from caves in the Pacific Northwest (Araneae, Trogloraptoridae, new family)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Audisio, Tracy</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ledford, Joel M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>215</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.215.3547</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.215.3547</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-215-77</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036691" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD0946CA-9479-4DC5-BCA2-384B6B82599E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DA4DCEE096518F88EFD3DE9DC12556E" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD0946CA-9479-4DC5-BCA2-384B6B82599E" class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="82">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–6468–">-6468-</normalizedToken>
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86
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Holotype male from M2 Cave, 15.7 km SSW Grants Pass, Josephine Co., Oregon, USA, collected 29 July 2010 by R. S. Davis and D. S. Snyder, CASENT9040013, and paratype female from No Name Cave, Josephine Co., Oregon, 17.8 km SSW Grants Pass, collected 16 Sept. 2010 by N. Marchington, CASENT9040065, deposited in CAS.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="83" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">The specific name is a patronym in honor of Neil Marchington, cave biologist, Advisory Board member of the Western Cave Conservatory, Conservation Chair, Western Region, National Speleological Society and Deschutes County Deputy Sheriff, in gratitude for his help and kindness.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">By the characters of the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
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Male (Holotype). Total length 9.70. Markings as in Figs 9-12, 15-18, cephalothorax, legs and pedipalps yellow-brown, unmarked except for dark brown v-mark posteriorly on pars cephalica, clypeus and chelicerae orange brown, abdomen purple brown with faint light chevrons posteriorly on dorsum. Carapace 4.50 long, 3.10 wide; clypeus 1.33 high; ocular area 0.45 long, 1.30 wide; ratio of eyes ALE:PME:PLE,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="84" start="start">1.08</pageBreakToken>
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:1.00:1.08; diameter of PME 0.18; chelicerae 2.38 long; sternum 1.75 long, 1.88 wide; labium 1.08 long, 0.70 wide; pedipalpal coxa 1.50 long, 0.45 wide; leg measurements (Femur + Patella + Tibia + Metatarsus + Tarsus = [Total]): I: 8.25 + 1.40 + 9.25 + 9.00 + 1.45 = [29.35]; II: 7.75 + 1.35 + 8.05 + 8.00 + 1.40 = [26.55]; III: 6.40 + 1.40 + 6.25 + 5.70 + 1.60 = [21.35]; IV: 7.15 + 1.40 + 6.50 + 6.35 + 1.50 = [22.90]; pedipalp: 1.55 + 0.55 + 1.70 + 2.40 = [6.20]. Pedipalp as in Figs 9, 16, 51-58.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Variation (N=2): Total length 6.90-9.70; carapace length 1.19--1.45 times width, height 0.33-0.35 times width; PER width 2.89-3.00 times OAL; clypeal height 6.43-7.00 times PME diameter; clypeal height 1.74-2.11 times cheliceral length; sternum length 0.92-0.93 times width, labium length 1.54-1.55 times width, pedipalpal coxa length 2.81-3.33 times width; femur I length 1.83-2.30 times carapace length; metatarsus I length 2.03-2.06 times carapace length.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="85" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
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1-8. Habitus of live
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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. 1-4 female in captivity (JL) 5 female in Lake Cave (CG) 6 female in M2 Cave (RD) 7, 8 female in No Name Cave (BM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 9-14. Habitus and tarsi of male
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT9040013) from M2 Cave. 9 front 10 mouthparts, ventral view 11 carapace, dorsal view 12 abdomen, ventral view, arrow to tracheal spiracle 13 tarsus I, prolateral; and 14 tarsus IV, prolateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 15-18. Habitus of male
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT9040013) from M2 Cave. 15, 16 dorsal views 17, 18 ventral views; note pedicel in Figure 16.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 19-24. Scanning electron micrographs of the right chelicera of female
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT9040051) from M2 Cave. 19 mesal view 20 mesal view, arrow to cheliceral gland openings 21 retrolateral view 22 ectal view 23 prolateral view, arrow to weak laminar ridge; and 24 prolateral view, close up of fang and opening of poison gland.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 25-28. Scanning electron micrographs of the endite of a female
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT9040051) from M2 Cave. 25 serrula 26 serrula, close up, note multiple tooth rows 27 labrum and left endite, dorsal view, arrow to maxillary gland opening 28 maxillary gland opening, close up.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 29-36. Right appendages of female
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT9040051) from No Name Cave. 29 metatarsus and tarsus of leg III, prolateral view, arrow to ventrolateral patch of curved, spinose setae 30 tarsus of leg IV, prolateral view, arrows to membranous regions 31, 32 tarsus of leg IV, prolateral view 33 curved setae onmetatarsus of leg III, prolateral view 34 tarsus of leg IV, dorsal view 35 pedipalp, prolateral view; and 36 tarsal claw of pedipalp.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 37-44. Scanning electron micrographs of legs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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from No Name Cave. 37 left patella IV, dorsal view 38 left tarsus IV, retrolateral view 39 left tarsus IV, prolateral view 40 right tarsus III, retrolateral view 41 right tarsus IV, retrolateral view 42 left tarsus IV, retroventral view 43 right tarsus III, ventral view, arrows to spines 44 right tarsus IV, apical view. Figures 37-39, 42 (male, CASENT9040066) 40, 41, 43, 44 (female, CASENT9040051).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 45-50. Scanning electron micrographs of sensory organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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. 45 right tarsus I, arrow to tarsal organ 46 tarsus IV, arrow to tarsal organ 47 right tarsus I, tarsal organ 48 tarsal organ on palp 49 trichobothrium on tibia of R leg III, prolateral view 50 trichobothrial base on metatarsus of right leg III. Figures 45, 47-49 (female, CASENT9040051) 46(male,CASENT9040066) 50 (female, CASENT9040041).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 51-58. Male pedipalp of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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: 51-56 Scanning electron micrographs of right pedipalp 51 tarsus and bulb, apical view 52 tarsus and bulb, dorsal view 53 bulb, dorsal view 54 embolus, dorsal view 55 bulb, ventral view 56 embolus, ventral view, arrow to sperm pore 57, 58 Automontage of left pedipalp 57 prolateral view 58 retrolateral view. Figures 51-56 CASENT9040013 from M2 Cave 57, 58 CASENT9040066 from No Name Cave.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 59-64. Internal anatomy of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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, female (CASENT9040051) from No Name Cave.59 vulva, dorsal view 60 female posterior respiratory system, tracheae and apodemes, with arrows to median apodemes61-64 Scanning electron micrographs of the internal anatomy 61 vulva, dorsal view, AT, atrium, RC, receptaculum 62 apex of right receptaculum 63 posterior respiratory system, dorsal view, with white arrow to median apodeme and black arrows to lateral tracheal branches; and 64 apex of apodeme (white arrow), note frayed end typical of muscle attachment. Booklungs removed from preparation in 59, 61 and 62.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 65-68. Spinnerets, ventral view. 65
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<taxonomicName family="Segestriidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Segestriidae</taxonomicName>
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female,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Segestriidae" genus="Ariadna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariadna" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ariadna</taxonomicName>
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sp. from Tinglewood, Western Australia (CASENT 9020550) 66
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<taxonomicName family="Pholcidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Pholcidae</taxonomicName>
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female,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Artema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artema atlanta" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanta">Artema atlanta</taxonomicName>
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from Hawaii, USA (CASENT 9047601) 67
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<taxonomicName family="Drymusidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Drymusidae</taxonomicName>
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female,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Drymusidae" genus="Drymusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drymusa capensis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">Drymusa capensis</taxonomicName>
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from Table Mountain, South Africa (CASENT 9043173); and 68
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<taxonomicName family="Trogloraptoridae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" rank="family">Trogloraptoridae</taxonomicName>
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male,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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(CASENT 9040065). Arrows point to membranous band on ALS base.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 69-74. Scanning electron micrographs of the ALS and PLS of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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, female (CASENT9039440) and male (CASENT9040066) from No Name Cave and penultimate female from M2 Cave (CASENT9040012). 69 penultimatefemale, right ALS, numbers refer to the three ALS segments 70 male right ALS 71 female ALS piriform gland spigots (left image flipped to appear right) 72 female major ampullate gland spigots of ALS, arrows showing individual and grouped sensillae (right image flipped to appear left) 73 female PLS apex showing aciniform gland spigots (left image flipped to appear right); and 74 female right PLS apex. AC aciniform gland spigots MAP major ampullate gland spigot(s) Nu nubbin.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 75-80. Scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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from No Name Cave, female (CASENT9039440), male (CASENT9040066). 75 female spinneret overview (image flipped) 76 male spinneret overview 77 female PMS overview (image flipped) 78 female left PMS (image flipped) 79 female PMS close up showing aciniform gland spigots; and 80 male left PMS apex showing single aciniform gland spigot. AC aciniform gland spigots ALS anterior lateral spinneret mAP minor ampullate gland spigot(s) PMS posterior median spinnerets PLS posterior lateral spinnerets.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
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Figures 81-86. Scanning electron micrographs of the spinnerets of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
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female (CASENT9039440) and male (CASENT9040066) from No Name Cave, and penultimate female from M2 Cave (CASENT9040012). 81 male colulus 82 male epiandrum 83 male posterior tracheal spiracle 84 penultimatefemale right ALS 85 female anal tubercle; and 86 male left PMS and PLS spinnerets, posterior, arrows to two aciniform gland spigots on PLS. AC aciniform gland spigots MAP major ampullate gland spigot(s) PMS posterior median spinnerets PLS posterior lateral spinnerets.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" type="female">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">Female</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="85">(paratype): Total length 9.40. Markings as in male (Figs 1-8). Carapace 3.90 long, 2.90 wide; clypeus 0.93 high; ocular area 0.38 long, 1.28 wide; ratio of eyes ALE:PME:PLE, 1.00:1.00:1.07, diameter of PME 0.15; chelicerae 2.25 long; sternum 1.75 long, 1.88 wide; labium 0.95 long, 0.65 wide; pedipalpal coxa 1.38 long, 0.50 wide. Leg measurements (Femur + Patella + Tibia + Metatarsus + Tarsus = [Total]): I: 7.15 + 1.25 + 6.85 + 7.25 + 1.35 = [23.85]; II: 6.75 + 1.30 + 6.85 + 6.95 + 1.40 = [23.25]; III: 5.25 + 1.25 + 5.10 + 4.70 + 1.15 = [17.50]; IV: 5.85 + 1.25 + 5.60 + 5.15 + 1.20 = [19.05]; pedipalp: 1.50 + 0.50 + 1.05 + 2.05 = [5.10]. Genital region weakly sclerotized externally, vulva with median translucent atrium and sclerotized lateral receptaculae, receptacular apex membranous (Figs 59, 61, 62).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="86" start="start">Variation</pageBreakToken>
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(N=3): Total length 8.27-9.60; carapace length 1.30-1.40 times width, height 0.34-0.39 times width; PER width 2.71-3.40 times OAL; clypeal height 6.17-6.91 times PME diameter, 2.05-2.43 times cheliceral length; sternum length 0.93-0.96 times width; labium length 1.28-1.54 times width; pedipalpal coxa length 2.75-3.67 times width; femur I length 1.69-1.83 times carapace length; metatarsus I length 1.72-1.78 times carapace length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
|
||
This species has been collected in the dark zone of caves, hanging beneath a few strands of silk that are attached to the cave roof (Figs 5-8). Boulders and rotting logs were searched near the entrance to M2 Cave without finding any
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trogloraptor</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nothing has been observed of its predatory or mating behavior. Living specimens were reared in climate controlled conditions and constructed a loose tangle of web from which they hung beneath. Multiple attempts to feed the specimens a variety of prey items failed, which may indicate a preference for specific prey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Caves in southwestern Oregon.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="additional material examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Additional material examined</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
|
||
(all CAS). USA: OREGON: Josephine Co., No Name Cave, 17.8 km SSW Grants Pass, 16 Sept. 2010, N. Marchington, 1 ♀, CASENT9040051, 1 ♂, CASENT9040066, same data except 13 July 2011, 1♀, CASENT9039440; M2 Cave, 15.7 km SSW Grants Pass, 31 July 2010, Geo Graening, R. S. Davis and D. S. Snyder, 1 penultimate ♀, CASENT9040012, same data except 13 July 2011, N. Marchington, T. Audisio, C. Griswold, J. Ledford, D. Ubick, H. Wood and
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="87" start="start">F</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Álvarez-Padilla">Alvarez-Padilla</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 3 juveniles, CASENT9047599; Lake Cave near No Name Cave, 9.05 km S Wilderville, 13 July 2011, N. Marchington, T. Audisio, C. Griswold, J. Ledford, D. Ubick, H. Wood and F.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Álvarez-Padilla">Alvarez-Padilla</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1♂ (molted to maturity in captivity) CASENT9047600; Chapman Cave, 12 July 2011, N. Marchington, 2 juveniles, CASENT9039436.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" type="note">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="87">Note.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">
|
||
A juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trogloraptor</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen has been collected under debris in old growth redwood forest in far northwest California. The markings of this juvenile differ from the cave species,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor marchingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni">Trogloraptor marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The northwest California specimen has dusky markings laterally on leg femora, a dusky Y marking extending back from the PLE to the posterior
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="88" start="start">margin</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of the carapace and undulate dusky markings along the lateral carapace margin. These markings suggest that there may be at least one additional
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Trogloraptoridae" genus="Trogloraptor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogloraptor" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trogloraptor</taxonomicName>
|
||
species currently known only from the juvenile. Records for this specimen are as follows: CALIFORNIA: Del Norte Co., NE Crescent City, Jedediah Smith Redwood State Park, Ruth Perry Hatton Grove, US199 0.2 mi E junction with Walker Rd., elev. 60m, 10.29 km NNE Crescent City, old growth redwood, under woody debris, 31 March 2011, E. Garcia, C. Richart, A. Schoenhofer, D. Sitzmann, 1 juvenile, CASENT9040069 (CAS)
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |