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<mods:title id="CC5D3290E8D70DDE6183DC5229ADC7ED">First records of the genus Cambalida Simon, 1909 (Araneae: Corinnidae, Castianeirinae) from Asia, with the description of two new species from India and one new combination</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3CFC9D742ACCBF14719554B3431DD1CB">Murthappa, Prashanthakumara S.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="DBFE88880E0CFFA1FF2EF929FD4492FF" box="[151,724,1725,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="935BDB030E0CFFA1FF2EF929FD4492FF" blockId="7.[151,724,1725,1752]" box="[151,724,1725,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<heading id="C8136C6F0E0CFFA1FF2EF929FD4492FF" bold="true" box="[151,724,1725,1752]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A19007110E0CFFA1FF2EF929FD4492FF" bold="true" box="[151,724,1725,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E0CFFA1FF2EF929FDD692FF" ID-CoL="Q95C" authority="Gravely, 1931" authorityName="Gravely" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,582,1725,1752]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="A19007110E0CFFA1FF2EF929FEEF92F0" bold="true" box="[151,383,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">Cambalida flavipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E0CFFA1FE37F92AFDAE92FF" author="Gravely" box="[398,574,1726,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" refString="Gravely, F. H. (1931) Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 33, 211 - 282." type="journal article" year="1931">Gravely, 1931</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAA3BA6A0E0CFFA1FDF4F92AFD4492FF" box="[589,724,1726,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DBFE88880E0CFFAEFF2EF891FC4B958B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="935BDB030E0CFFA1FF2EF891FD47937F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1796,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B3F4FC2D0E0CFFA1FF2EF891FD47937F" infered="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E0CFFA1FF2EF891FDBB933D" authority="Gravely, 1931: 275" authorityName="Gravely" authorityPageNumber="275" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,555,1796,1818]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castaneira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="A19007110E0CFFA1FF2EF891FECE933D" box="[151,350,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">Castaneira flavipes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="1245FD120E0CFFA1FEDCF890FDBB933D" author="Gravely" box="[357,555,1796,1818]" page="275" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E0CFFA1FEDCF890FE68933D" author="Gravely" box="[357,504,1796,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" refString="Gravely, F. H. (1931) Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 33, 211 - 282." type="journal article" year="1931">Gravely, 1931</bibRefCitation>
: 275
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 20DE (Generic name misspelled; description and illustration of ♂ and ♀ [
<typeStatus id="4C5F65A10E0CFFA1FADFF891FA0B933D" box="[1382,1435,1797,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">Type</typeStatus>
(whether ♂ or ♀ is unspecified) from
<collectingCountry id="EBF39B930E0CFFA1FDD8F8B7FD3D931F" box="[609,685,1827,1848]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">INDIA</collectingCountry>
: Odisha (formerly Orissa): Ganjam: Chilka Lake: Barkuda Island; F.H. Gravely leg.; repository ZSI—NOT EXAMINED]).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="935BDB030E0CFFA1FF2EF8F5FBF393B2" blockId="7.[151,1436,1796,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B3F4FC2D0E0CFFA1FF2EF8F5FBF393B2" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E0CFFA1FF2EF8F5FDD29351" ID-CoL="92XP8" authority="Tikader, 1981: 260" authorityName="Tikader" authorityPageNumber="260" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,578,1888,1910]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="A19007110E0CFFA1FF2EF8F5FEF99351" box="[151,361,1888,1910]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">Castianeira flavipes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="1245FD120E0CFFA1FECCF8F4FDD29351" author="Tikader" box="[373,578,1888,1910]" page="260" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E0CFFA1FECCF8F4FD9A9351" author="Tikader" box="[373,522,1888,1910]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" refString="Tikader, B. K. (1981) Studies on spiders of the genus Castianeira Keyserling (Family: Clubionidae) from India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 4, 257 - 265." type="journal article" year="1981">Tikader, 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 260
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 58 (Generic name corrected; redescription and illustration of ♂ and ♀);
<treatmentCitation id="1245FD120E0CFFA1FF7EF8EBFD8293B2" author="Majumder" box="[199,530,1919,1941]" page="135" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E0CFFA1FF7EF8EBFE7193B2" author="Majumder" box="[199,481,1919,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" refString="Majumder, S. C. &amp; Tikader, B. K. (1991) Studies on some spiders of the family Clubionidae from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 102, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1991">Majumder &amp; Tikader, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 135
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 276281 (Redescription and illustration of ♂ and ♀).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="935BDB030E0CFFAEFF2EF856FC4B958B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1986,2011]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,464]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="A19007110E0CFFA1FF2EF856FE6293FC" bold="true" box="[151,498,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533">Justification for the transfer.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E0CFFA1FE43F856FD3693FD" author="Gravely" box="[506,678,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="533" refString="Gravely, F. H. (1931) Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 33, 211 - 282." type="journal article" year="1931">Gravely (1931)</bibRefCitation>
described this species based on male and female specimens. Later this species was redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E03FFAEFDAFFF03FD529497" author="Tikader" box="[534,706,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" refString="Tikader, B. K. (1981) Studies on spiders of the genus Castianeira Keyserling (Family: Clubionidae) from India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 4, 257 - 265." type="journal article" year="1981">Tikader (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E03FFAEFCBAFF03FBC69497" author="Majumder" box="[771,1110,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" refString="Majumder, S. C. &amp; Tikader, B. K. (1991) Studies on some spiders of the family Clubionidae from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 102, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1991">Majumder &amp; Tikader (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. The original drawings and descriptive characters given by
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E03FFAEFDBDFF28FCB694F3" author="Gravely" box="[516,806,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" refString="Gravely, F. H. (1931) Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 33, 211 - 282." type="journal article" year="1931">Gravely (1931: fig. 20D)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E03FFAEFC8CFF28FBFC94F3" author="Tikader" box="[821,1132,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" refString="Tikader, B. K. (1981) Studies on spiders of the genus Castianeira Keyserling (Family: Clubionidae) from India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 4, 257 - 265." type="journal article" year="1981">Tikader (1981: figs 5, 78)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E03FFAEFB11FF28FE6294DF" author="Majumder" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" refString="Majumder, S. C. &amp; Tikader, B. K. (1991) Studies on some spiders of the family Clubionidae from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 102, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1991">Majumder &amp; Tikader (1991: figs 276, 278279, 281)</bibRefCitation>
indicate that this species shares the characteristic features of
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFB19FF74FA8D94DF" ID-CoL="3GB5" box="[1184,1309,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFB19FF74FA8D94DF" box="[1184,1309,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Cambalida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFF2EFE90FE8B953C" ID-CoL="3J6H" box="[151,283,260,283]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFF2EFE90FE8B953C" box="[151,283,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Castianeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: broader carapace; prosoma, opisthosoma, legs brownish with some yellow bands; posterior eye row slightly larger than anterior; small dorsal opisthosomal scutum; palp without apophysis, with compressed, coiled embolus; vulva with spermatheca I (globular) and II (reniform) and copulatory ducts with median curving. Judging from this, it is clear that Gravely and the subsequent researchers misplaced this species within the genus
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFF2EFE00FE8B958C" ID-CoL="3J6H" box="[151,283,404,427]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFF2EFE00FE8B958C" box="[151,283,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Castianeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Here we transfer this species from
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFD16FE00FCA3958C" ID-CoL="3J6H" box="[687,819,404,427]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Castianeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFD16FE00FCA3958C" box="[687,819,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Castianeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFCEEFE00FC43958B" ID-CoL="3GB5" box="[855,979,404,428]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFCEEFE00FC43958B" box="[855,979,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Cambalida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DBFE88880E03FFAEFF7EFE23FD6495F7" box="[199,756,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="935BDB030E03FFAEFF7EFE23FD6495F7" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,464]" box="[199,756,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFF7EFE23FEF095F7" bold="true" box="[199,352,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Distribution.</emphasis>
Southern and eastern
<collectingCountry id="EBF39B930E03FFAEFDE0FE23FD0295F7" box="[601,658,439,464]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">India</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="0BDFC7860E03FFAEFD1BFE23FD7695F7" box="[674,742,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1304,1326]" captionTargetBox="[162,1418,345,1267]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,339,1283]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution records of Indian Cambalida spp. ● records from literature." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260607/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C79B8B8B0E03FFAEFF2EF8F2FB8593FE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260606/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" targetBox="[161,1430,537,1860]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="935BDB030E03FFAEFF2EF8F2FB8593FE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1894,2009]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFF2EF8F2FED4935C" bold="true" box="[151,324,1894,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">FIGURE 6AE.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E03FFAEFEF5F8F2FE68935A" box="[332,504,1894,1917]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFEF5F8F2FE68935A" box="[332,504,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">Cambalida tuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A19007110E03FFAEFDB9F8F3FDAA935B" bold="true" box="[512,570,1895,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAA3BA6A0E03FFAEFDB9F8F3FDAA935B" box="[512,570,1895,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="534" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A Male left pedipalp, ventral view; B same, retrolateral view; C Embolus enlarged with prominent apico-retrolateral bulging of tegulum (arrow), ventral view; D Epigyne, ventral view; E Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, E embolus, ER epigynal ridge, FD fertilization duct, SD sperm duct, ST spermatheca. Scale bars: AB: 0.1 mm; C: 0.02 mm; D: 0.05 mm; E: 0.07 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DBFE88880E02FFAFFF7EFF03FDB3953B" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="935BDB030E02FFAFFF7EFF03FDB3953B" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">
<emphasis id="A19007110E02FFAFFF7EFF03FEA09497" bold="true" box="[199,304,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">Remark.</emphasis>
The two
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E02FFAFFE18FF0CFD8E9497" box="[417,542,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E02FFAFFE18FF0CFD8E9497" box="[417,542,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">Cambalida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species described here have distal femoral constrictions on legs III and IV in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="0BDFC7860E02FFAFFE9BFF28FE1394F3" box="[290,387,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 A K" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[204,1410,205,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[161,1421,193,1829]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1 A K. Cambalida deorsa sp. n. A Holotype male from Jnana Sahyadri campus of Kuvempu University, dorsal view; B Same, ventral view; C Same, lateral view; D Male, frontal view; E Male opisthosoma, ventral view; F Paratype female from Jnana Sahyadri campus of Kuvempu University, dorsal view; G Same, ventral view; H Same, lateral view; I Female, frontal view; J Female chelicerae, ventral view showing the apical fang shield bearing long setae; K Femur IV (left), retrolateral view showing distal femoral constriction. Abbreviations: PES post-epigastric sclerite, TS tracheal scute, VS ventral sclerite. Scale bars: A C, F H: 2 mm; D E, I J: 0.5 mm; K: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">Figs 1K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0BDFC7860E02FFAFFE2BFF28FE2894F3" box="[402,440,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4 A K" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[209,1391,209,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[185,1400,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4 A K. Cambalida tuma sp. n. A Holotype male from Dediyapada, dorsal view; B Same, ventral view; C Same, lateral view; D Male, frontal view; E Male abdomen, ventral view; F Paratype female from Dediyapada, dorsal view; G Same, ventral view; H Same lateral view; I Female, frontal view; J Female chelicerae, ventral view shoving the apical fang shield bearing long setae; K Femur IV (left), retrolateral view showing distal femoral constriction. Abbreviations: PES post-epigastric sclerite, TS tracheal scute, VS ventral sclerite. Scale bars: A C, F H: 1 mm; D, I: 0.2 mm; E, J, K: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260604/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">4K</figureCitation>
). This character is seen in many Australian Castianeirines (
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E02FFAFFBD7FF28FB6D94F2" author="Raven" box="[1134,1277,188,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" refString="Raven, R. J. (2015) A revision of ant-mimicking spiders of the family Corinnidae (Araneae) in the Western Pacific. Zootaxa, 3958 (1), 1 - 258. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3958.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Raven 2015</bibRefCitation>
), but was not reported in recent revision of
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E02FFAFFE42FF74FCA494DF" authority="Haddad 2012" authorityName="Haddad" authorityYear="2012" box="[507,820,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E02FFAFFE42FF74FDE894DF" box="[507,632,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">Cambalida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F775A6F20E02FFAFFD33FF4BFCBC94DF" author="Haddad" box="[650,812,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" refString="Haddad, C. R. (2012) A revision of the Afrotropical spider genus Cambalida Simon, 1909 (Araneae, Corinnidae). ZooKeys, 234, 67 - 119. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 234.3417" type="journal article" year="2012">Haddad 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. It is, however, also found in all species of African
<taxonomicName id="54E4A0800E02FFAFFF2EFE90FE84953B" box="[151,276,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A19007110E02FFAFFF2EFE90FE84953B" box="[151,276,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="535">Cambalida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Haddad, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>