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<mods:title id="F37BB35D79A2D3DDCC51EA38FF698BE0">Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3AE13268099E70346CF68820B30DC6F5">Jeppson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A6B422BEAFB7D01C57D06206C2B3B20A">Altes, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="651AD229D233C9A91B18EFB03C94E4B5">Moreno, Gabriel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E530AA16BAE34F868BC4D74FFB3999C7">Nilsson, R. Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="92480343A5ED38F6BA5C0A4F96E2B570">Yolanda Loarce,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B421BA75FD9932DD5CD8B32853F2845C">Bustos, Alfredo de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="978700D9CE69640B5B5214C68994F294">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="1A7FAD2C1BAB79378B89294F40405363" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154474112" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A7FAD2C1BAB79378B89294F40405363" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A7FAD2C1BAB79378B89294F40405363" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="14" pageNumber="47" scope_order="Agaricales">
<subSubSection id="E9B2118C8ACEB487B17FBB84C4361E57" pageId="14" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="87B47B9079FF3D8161CEA2DD698C98BB" pageId="14" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4FB08C887878FF0675BC2E7050E5C175" ID-CoL="59LDN" authority="Lloyd, Mycol. Writings 7: 25. 1906." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma cyclophorum" order="Agaricales" pageId="14" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cyclophorum">Tulostoma cyclophorum Lloyd, Mycol. Writings 7: 25. 1906.</taxonomicName>
Figure 2d
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="899F7275EA3A636DD23E781CC836D48C" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="8BC5108B7E218D942EFC82D247223DFC" pageId="15" pageNumber="48">
<pageBreakToken id="ED2D33581DD7D2F3916F3FEA4876F7F4" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB5BE864D23001C3E211EF61E43C7BD1" pageId="15" pageNumber="48">SOUTH AFRICA, Stoneman, herb. Lloyd 4495 (BPI).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FA0618F0656C767EE329DA8CB991B10" pageId="15" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="B1860A2455F9B80FE0AFA11A67DD5AF3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma cyclophorum" order="Agaricales" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cyclophorum">Tulostoma cyclophorum</taxonomicName>
is a morphologically characteristic species, originally described from South Africa, with a tomentose, white to ochraceous endoperidium covered with mycosclereids and a distinctly membranous exoperidium. The mouth is silky fibrillose-fimbriate. Its spores are unique among European
<taxonomicName id="AF6D0927B56C55EB55FE6E477A45FEC6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma" order="Agaricales" pageId="15" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Tulostoma</taxonomicName>
lineages, being more or less reticulate (visible under SEM, Figure 2d; asperulate under light microscope).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8E0193712576BD6655DD448CA1D91323" pageId="16" pageNumber="49" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="8A6DE13D1BC50FC725E3A4DB621E5D7D" pageId="16" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken id="41A189B6783B9ABBF3299ADA89D7534D" pageId="16" pageNumber="49" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
and distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9008030A341E6066F6E6166F9489036" pageId="16" pageNumber="49">
Mostly found in semi-shaded localities among grasses and herbs on lawns in city parks on somewhat sandy soil. From Europe currently reported from France, Italy, Hungary, and Spain (
<bibRefCitation id="E61C9F5BC1962F14F90A6EDB397546C1" author="Demoulin, V" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin trimestriel de la Societe mycologique de France" pageId="45" pageNumber="78" pagination="207 - 210" title="Tulostomacyclophorum C. Lloyd (Syn.: T. pampeanum (Speg.) Wright), gasteromycete meconnu en Europe et dans le bassin mediterraneen." volume="100" year="1984">Demoulin 1984</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A05D12EC7E41859D03E8501447F449FD" author="Jeppson, M" journalOrPublisher="Mikologiai Koezlemenyek" pageId="45" pageNumber="78" pagination="107 - 118" title="Harom uj poefetegfele a hazai fungaban - Three gastroid species new to the Hungarian mycobiota." volume="50" year="2011">Jeppson et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6090B5316B92A78BF6D781E2486108DB" author="Moreno, G" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Serie Botanica" pageId="46" pageNumber="79" pagination="21 - 25" title="Tulostomacyclophorum Lloyd (Gasteromycetes, Basidiomycotina) Nuevo para Espana peninsular." volume="60" year="1990">Moreno et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B3A45A1E839D1043A29CDF1A8565038" pageId="16" pageNumber="49">Sarasini 2005</bibRefCitation>
). It appears to have a cosmopolitan world distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="42C69D5DB56DF5B874AEF0208302E89F" pageId="16" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FE8646A7AB2C185633FD8957515164BA" pageId="16" pageNumber="49">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63881C46378BB53B7D11A4C533AAB580" pageId="16" pageNumber="49">
ARGENTINA, Catamarca: Dpto.
<normalizedToken id="76123ACC2D76F1C4EDF930B18E2A8216" originalValue="Capayán">Capayan</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="671BAFD7BEF74201F332896FCE6FF961" originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
, picada a
<normalizedToken id="988385D5FB0A5F2213F141139F01A431" originalValue="Pomán">Poman</normalizedToken>
, en
<normalizedToken id="304325D31113169589792A00A4CA0CB5" originalValue="vegetación">vegetacion</normalizedToken>
arbustiva del &quot;Chaco serrano&quot; a orillas de un camino, 23 May 1998, M.J. Silverio-Reyes (AH 19564, GB)*. FRANCE, Auvergne: Saint-Priest-en-Murat, 14 Oct. 1986, Priou 86150 (AH 13418). HUNGARY,
<normalizedToken id="A4EAA90C2A7CD57EAC17F5C03CB323A2" originalValue="Szatmár-Bereg">Szatmar-Bereg</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken id="CE9B9609587385E881F84A7E5BFEBDBF" originalValue="Nyíregyháza">Nyiregyhaza</normalizedToken>
, College of
<normalizedToken id="4E022C7AE2A6164D9C7D3B36FA9EC6C2" originalValue="Nyíregyháza">Nyiregyhaza</normalizedToken>
, Stadion
<normalizedToken id="629B66B2A7FF4BD45A4432D82E78CF57" originalValue="út">ut</normalizedToken>
, urban lawn, under Platanus, 21 Sept. 2009, M. Jeppson 8862 (GB)*. SPAIN, Huelva: Aracena, 5 Nov. 2001, L. Romero de la Osa (AH 28451); Madrid: Alameda de Osuna, suelo arenoso bajo
<taxonomicName id="CC40D5EB96207558023F5498623A590B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus pinea" order="Pinales" pageId="16" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinea">Pinus pinea</taxonomicName>
, 22 Oct. 1994, V.
<normalizedToken id="A235308A105BCC51A55ED5790F09DD0B" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
(AH 16885, GB)*; Parque del Oeste, in grass, 20 Oct. 1984, R. Lowen 99 (GB)*.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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