369 lines
40 KiB
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369 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-231-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" ModsDocID="1314-2003-231-1" checkinTime="1693383686345" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra, Saerkinen, Tiina & Barboza, Gloria E." docDate="2023" docId="19BC302CE9D076E6DEEAA2D3BA0F806E" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 231: 1-342" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 231" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" docTitle="Solanum paucidens Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 226. 1912." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" masterDocTitle="A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1693383686345" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods id="EEB7CA9A6AA38E0369F87114989BCD11" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1D0EC631B44BC31790E93CE267CA406D">
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<mods:title id="93D57FFE3A4D4DF8EDA4E80B04B625AA">A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8D3B9F0EAE92ED46ED7555A2AABB2084" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0D728CB390C034AB2469D3BFE4B72B89">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0A6CBA823DF784A975F49BFBB91BFE30" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="416449A7DEC008E3FD81065249E50BE2">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="68DF46CCF2D442ED971EBCDA6FD7763A" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5F289314C1417580B0DF9BC56E8C0F0B">Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B1D870D6885D55C127BF9DE3E301EC6D" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-3093</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C6352F7D760D646AAB9E197972B4236D">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5322C7964C62577BB3B6473ACD1CCF2A">Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D13C28731B1E497EBDB7B5520505D2BD" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EDEBF04413527D8637A67E5705FF0B3E">Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C8667931F28B8144BA21E5AF9716EA0D">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="70035AB58C098B32B3835CC503F49909">
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<mods:date id="B3B7641653EF53DBEDC66A232E4AB010">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA6E7C979455B1C3141A2F92CB944BBF">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3126FE98A6EE48B9EC639A07B1E07F66">231</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="168A0AF8782FAE0B94D9BBAB5163127C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="3EF13A1E4CA4CA631BEDF70EEAF5E239">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="870F8D244CF026A40333BA14E8336C39" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="19BC302CE9D076E6DEEAA2D3BA0F806E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19BC302CE9D076E6DEEAA2D3BA0F806E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/19BC302CE9D076E6DEEAA2D3BA0F806E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="CD9EB855B7BB6977845498A1AADEA82C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="18D4944971C3BC2CE173E33B27E3F955" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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37.
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<taxonomicName id="B1CB41723D058EBF69001B99524A06E6" authority="Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 226. 1912." authorityName="Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 226. 1912." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">Solanum paucidens Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 226. 1912.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F89AB31A8AAE028F6FE073EF6F154C44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FC0B27D7007A017ECB7508DD1C1AFA99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="7EC672E7BFF11C58DD642731556D0389" captionStart="Figure 113" captionStartId="F113" captionText="Figure 113. Solanum paucidens A habit B portion of a leaf, abaxial surface C flower D dissected flower E gynoecium F infructescence G fruit H seed I stone cell (A-I Gomes s. n.). Illustration by S. Montecchiesi." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure113" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897574" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 113</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="30F682D42F384EC4BB2C04477483F51A" captionStart="Figure 114" captionStartId="F114" captionText="Figure 114. Solanum paucidens A habit B inflorescence C maturing fruits (A-C Smith & Klein 12338 [GH 01011894]). Reproduced with permission of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure114" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897575" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 114</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2F78D26DFF453FCEDDA4EFAA26800D41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="53ECF540805A6B0316EDE744C0F12CBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4BB36AB0A9289727BD969F83985D0E2E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum diffusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusum">Solanum diffusum</taxonomicName>
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Vell., Fl. Flumin. 83. 1829 [1825], nom.illeg., non
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<taxonomicName id="54C261EB437BB2165BF3FEDA2016DE5D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum diffusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusum">Solanum diffusum</taxonomicName>
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Ruiz & Pav. (1799). Type. Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro]: "campis apricis mediterraneis"; (lectotype, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="1D4D7C579F966FE49DB8C351A893DA04" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/644.14" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="822 - 836" refId="B133" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Romero, MV, Vignoli-Silva, M, Giacomin, LL, Stehmann, JR, 2015. Identification and lectotypification of the Solanaceae from Vellozo's Flora Fluminensis. Taxon 64: 822 - 836, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/644.14" title="Identification and lectotypification of the Solanaceae from Vellozo's Flora Fluminensis." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/644.14" volume="64" year="2015">Knapp et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 829: [illustration] Original parchment plate of Flora Fluminensis in the Manuscript Section of the Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro [cat. no.: mss1198651_101] and later published in Vellozo, Fl. Flumin. Icon. 2: tab. 98. 1831).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="84A941494DBCEA149B926E1FA419A9FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="60186489B330755E6B57B127AE5755A6" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum maracayuense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maracayuense">Solanum maracayuense</taxonomicName>
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Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 227. 1912. Type. Paraguay.
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<normalizedToken id="8EB363133A7476FCB57151119F6F9791" originalValue="Canindeyú">Canindeyu</normalizedToken>
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: "Sierra de
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<normalizedToken id="654C039EE5C351D092465243EBEEB7AA" originalValue="Maracayú”">Maracayu"</normalizedToken>
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, Nov,
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<emphasis id="8179568CAB804C832C04A0535BC3E9E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken id="A0119F2DFA442FAAD99580ACFA943F7E" originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
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. Hassler 5278
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</emphasis>
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(holotype: B, destroyed; lectotype, designated here: G [G00306843]; isolectotypes: BM [BM000074095], G [G00306845], GH [00105865], K [K000532494], NY [00172082], P[P00753766, P00753765, P00337048], UC [950199])
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="197A4ECFDBB7BBBA6968745591AE4030" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="550B64A810D56C714B652BC8AFE7B44F" authorityName="Chodat" authorityYear="1916" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum rojasii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rojasii">Solanum rojasii</taxonomicName>
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Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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<normalizedToken id="48C2E39C01FB5536DA2BE97B4F37FC41" originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="7672202FC3923F3EEA7CC0F255AAC9EC" originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 2, 8: 150. 1916. Type. Paraguay.
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<normalizedToken id="6731BE54E631E5FB1A49B498A3239DBB" originalValue="Paraguarí">Paraguari</normalizedToken>
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: [Cerro] Acahay,
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<emphasis id="10BBC0684CD6A7C6CB4490886E0D336B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. Chodat & W. Vischer 67</emphasis>
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(lectotype, designated here: G [G00449278]; isolectotype: G [G00449243]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6A165AF30D81A5DC6E237179705FD8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8BCFB9B621FBC9B25E74DD752C1475D8" authorityName="L.B.Sm. & Downs" authorityYear="1964" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum maioranthum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maioranthum">Solanum maioranthum</taxonomicName>
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L.B.Sm. & Downs, Phytologia 10: 425. 1964. Type. Brazil. Santa Catarina: Rio do Rastro, 20 km west of Lauro
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<normalizedToken id="A5841412890ACA3A9CC626C84AE91E07" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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, lower and middle slopes of Rio do Rastro,
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<emphasis id="3B0F56AAF911C6FA631CBEE3F6B99791" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.B. Smith & R.M. Klein 12338</emphasis>
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(holotype: US [00067554, acc. # 2423800]; isotypes: K [K000590017], NY [00172074], R [R000129993], US [03272136, acc. # 2492258]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F12D8E315B5C8E61FE4063E12FAAF58C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="56B5993FA57B53A5C3BAD22E184199BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="9E92774981FF0A3BACA56072ED118ACF">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4268FF7BFDBF5A8861A406F1FEAB05CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="C8F01826B9360F7CF5D98322879FA2FA" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="J. T. de Moura" country="Brazil" location="Rio de Janeiro" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="3DF4877AF2A17BE1B8D8FE4A017BB564" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="DD25D09B44B0EB98D08C6FA4A47C5263" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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: Theresopolis, Nov-Dec 1888,
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<emphasis id="17659B23132718A9B7C1A22C6B1A0379" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName id="8D470A1C7CF1DC62702675015BB7C884">J.T. de Moura</collectorName>
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578
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="2D034CFD4441D1D54C5F1735ED427E4F">holotype</typeStatus>
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: B, destroyed [F neg. 2839];
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<typeStatus id="DD524E8FDEC600113A0A793CB95D129D">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, designated here: F [v0073360F, acc. # 621340, fragment of
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<typeStatus id="34C620DCE0A23D32D0E156FC0FAE6983">holotype</typeStatus>
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])
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="BBCF92333856FCF4A99CF21280A2521B" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure113" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897574" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 113" startId="F113">
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<paragraph id="1C710F5929D97B4598B63C3F0E4DB5BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="8E887D56A4CAD78B565CB5D0ADBB2E70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 113.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B99CDF60B0484846BC33C423BE73E5D0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
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<emphasis id="D732E03AF5354078669EFE617FFD55F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="45D753F81BBCDECA009B49D95F8083E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis id="BA22ECD996E26FB3173168CB318938FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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portion of a leaf, abaxial surface
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<emphasis id="E7705A5B3C450BD1019A667A70C1258A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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flower
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<emphasis id="77E2E5A6ED1212A658BE1DA49CB278FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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dissected flower
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<emphasis id="0CE7EDA08084E0F1EFB68F3D8D933855" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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gynoecium
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<emphasis id="A486B351B56E5E1CE7891ED136B8F269" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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infructescence
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<emphasis id="BBF35C67A3E99FB2496FB56F2884AC41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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fruit
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<emphasis id="F1489196B5A99A18ED257BF794DE0C6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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seed
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<emphasis id="877D46FFCE8ED7DAE5FB4A013085B303" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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stone cell (
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<emphasis id="B8F02CDD1A6D3B398EA79AD88AB11A17" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-I</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="3627FF17E82ADFC99105D6345BE8507A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gomes s.n.</emphasis>
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). Illustration by S. Montecchiesi.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="87986A7A15A44C63F450FEA2DBFD5F3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4A9A86C2D2FB47A7517E63D4668B3046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6ACFF4AAEF41CBC8CAC7CB4694765AF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb to small subshrub with lax branches, 0.5-1.5 m high. Stems terete or slightly angled, sparsely pubescent with white eglandular 3-5-celled simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long, also with a few spinescent processes along the angles; new growth densely white pubescent with eglandular 3-7-celled simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long, these usually antrorse; bark of older stems pale greenish grey. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves not geminate. Leaves simple or shallowly toothed, the blades 2-9(15) cm long, 1.5-3(5) cm wide, narrowly elliptic, widest at the middle or in the lower half, membranous, concolorous or slightly discolorous, very variable in size with lower leaves much larger; adaxial surfaces almost glabrous, with a few scattered white eglandular simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long on the lamina, these somewhat denser along the veins; abaxial surfaces moderately and evenly pubescent with similar white eglandular simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long; principal veins 4-6 pairs, more densely pubescent than the lamina; base acute; margins entire or with a few irregular teeth in the lower half; apex acute; petiole 0.5-0.9 cm long, pubescent with scattered white eglandular trichomes like those of the stem. Inflorescences internodal, unbranched or forked, 1.5-2.5 cm long, with 5-10 flowers not markedly clustered at the tips, moderately to sparsely pubescent with white eglandular simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems; peduncle 1.2-2.3 cm long; pedicels 0.6-0.7 cm long, 0.4-0.5 mm in diameter at the base, 1-1.2 mm in diameter at the apex, spreading or slightly deflexed and secund at anthesis, sparsely to moderately pubescent like the inflorescence axes, articulated at the base; pedicel scars more or less evenly spaced 0.5-1 mm apart along the axis, somewhat raised from the axis as small protuberances. Buds narrowly ellipsoid, the corolla strongly exserted from the calyx before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, cosexual (hermaphroditic). Calyx tube 1-1.5 mm long, conical, the lobes 0.5-1 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, deltate to broadly triangular, often tearing irregularly, sparsely pubescent with white eglandular simple uniseriate trichomes like the inflorescence, but these sparser than on the pedicel. Corolla 0.8-1.2 cm in diameter, white with a central green star, lobed 2/3 to 3/4 of the way to the base, the lobes 3-4 mm long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide, spreading or reflexed at anthesis, glabrous adaxially, sparsely and evenly puberulent-papillate, more densely so on the tips and margins. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments 1-1.5 mm long, densely pubescent adaxially with tangled simple uniseriate trichomes; anthers 2.5-3.5 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, ellipsoid, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style 8-9 mm long, straight, exserted beyond the anther cone, densely pubescent with white simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long in the lower half; stigma capitate, the surfaces minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry, 0.8-1 cm in diameter, black or purple when ripe, the pericarp thin, somewhat shiny, translucent, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.7-1 cm long, ca. 0.7 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.2 mm at the apex, gradually tapering, not markedly woody, strongly deflexed at the base and the infructescence appearing secund in herbarium specimens, not persistent; fruiting calyx not enlarged or accrescent, appressed to the berry, the lobes tearing to become ca. 2 mm long. Seeds 40-80 per berry, 1.3-1.5 mm long, 1-1.2 mm wide, flattened and teardrop shaped, pale tan or yellow, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells rectangular to slightly sinuate in outline, with short hair-like extensions of the lateral cell walls. Stone cells 2-6(8) per berry, 0.5-0.7 mm in diameter, cream-coloured. Chromosome number: not known.</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="C70903550D749C51CAEA0DDADA1408DB" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure114" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897575" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 114" startId="F114">
|
|
<paragraph id="8AB187B373A0C88248849DED783A5188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="E279DBC5AAF270525558D30E284A59C0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 114.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3FFD7FC0A6C10BD2EB724206D35C9FD1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="AF691A95B958EC73152F12F04F2409D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="A17E27B6785725B0A568C4CBE0BFD578" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
habit
|
|
<emphasis id="EB1EF9CCD14A7F5B712FD81F91D0CB0C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
inflorescence
|
|
<emphasis id="F570FA38E893423DBEE889CE61F3CAC4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
maturing fruits (
|
|
<emphasis id="78C384DC18D49A3FB457E82D9FFC5E08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="F9DDD3F92143D8A3997760A75DF99F88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith & Klein 12338</emphasis>
|
|
[GH 01011894]). Reproduced with permission of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="61A3A74128AF438E8272B70659C23985" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="CF6B8FB981F5A9FB31A7438F8753A4E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F205A37A6C7C726BE5841A24384A237F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="DCFCECA9F6AA84FFC31B10D43AFEFE9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E0783F3B3B7C23CBF3BB38A053112861" captionStart="Figure 115" captionStartId="F115" captionText="Figure 115. Distribution map of Solanum paucidens." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure115" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">115</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="236E5A1395FE918EF00A5D8EC11A8B05" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="63C141486FAA7E9E58FE3F4D1C6F7D85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs in southern Brazil (States of
|
|
<normalizedToken id="604E71ADE3A7047F9AD0BAC1AE767DBF" originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
|
|
Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F5C60834322DAAF39D71D5F4D4CE1C82" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="6B48A6A4ABF9DD53CE33DF74442ECA92" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
|
Paulo, Santa Catarina), northeastern Argentina (Provs. Corrientes, Misiones) and eastern Paraguay (Depts. Alto
|
|
<normalizedToken id="2D2F73D9E643C832BFE972CAF045762E" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Central,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="FAFEBB7FCFB5FB3A50026F930E857615" originalValue="Guairá">Guaira</normalizedToken>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="C4B40D40CA6A2F6045B533CF045D372C" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure115" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 115" startId="F115">
|
|
<paragraph id="C2DB7AC5584E626CDCFAB402D993EB1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="1452C1E1D0D7B3DFD3056540223509FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 115.</emphasis>
|
|
Distribution map of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="46AD5C44FB513A4C545021CC6D5F6972" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="8B86C77BAA958C69E54CCDBC1D082E8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F9F84DC2C6478172FDE9C417FC4DF2A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="B9D0BC183EA1BB2F831823217B0F1B20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="27CD83A3F7C5ACDB78FF7D9B44E8A1AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F5DBEF366E01BB187F274DB8453F1039" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="44690621A35E99BE7F000E9DFE3DB245" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a plant of middle to low elevations in the semideciduous and evergreen Mata
|
|
<normalizedToken id="55779CA5651280487587CB9D896B9B26" originalValue="Atlântica">Atlantica</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Selva Paranense, growing in swampy areas, forest edges and clearings and forest understory, from near sea level to 2,000 m in the Atlantic forest mountains.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C6BF5ADDB8F33833E48F4C5E93A544A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
|
<paragraph id="869998A7C817C86FB4B6743D2FD77580" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="493F82BE9B4DDB2E35A8BC1648D54D29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Brazil. Minas Gerais: erva-moura (
|
|
<emphasis id="3958026B62F25E0035BCB29A8DA7BB64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Souza et al. s.n.</emphasis>
|
|
), erva nome (
|
|
<emphasis id="534E3AD8F5E3E78B42DC1662E906699B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andrade 1209</emphasis>
|
|
). Uses and common names attributed to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B3E0662051EFCABFDF14750EFD0AE07A" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="1D104A864975D1459DECC50AC700660E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6D6EB6AE940B85484B44BA3C039CFA1E" author="Lorenzi, H" journalOrPublisher="3): The Americas. WWF and IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B146" refString="Lorenzi, H, Abreu Matos, FJ, 2021. Plants medicinais no Brasil (3rd edn.). Instituto Plantrum de Estudios da Flora Ltda., Nova Odessa." title="Plants medicinais no Brasil (3 rd edn.). Instituto Plantrum de Estudios da Flora Ltda., Nova Odessa." year="2021">Lorenzi and Abreu Matos (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8BAF5C1C49C00E03CBB0ADA40AF72F0F" author="Ferreira Kinupp, V" journalOrPublisher="Sexual Plant Reproduction" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B86" refString="Ferreira Kinupp, V, Lorenzi, H, 2021. Plantas alimenticias nao convencionais (PANC) no Brasil. 2nd edition. Instituto Plantrum de Estudios da Flora Ltda., Nova Odessa." title="Plantas alimenticias nao convencionais (PANC) no Brasil. 2 nd edition. Instituto Plantrum de Estudios da Flora Ltda., Nova Odessa." year="2021">Ferreira Kinupp and Lorenzi (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
may also apply to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="336D865A306C03FA839EA936B7D7C9C0" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="C5DBBE81C69366ADC71550C57F06B6C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, although the photographs appear to be in large part
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F4F9374799E98D1913BBF0399AFD95" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
|
<emphasis id="8DDB9A37DA2C29BBDD39BB14E269DAE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; there are no vouchers cited.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="8390E02EF6C37FBCBC3FB738275E88B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
|
<paragraph id="46D57625D0A237BFE6BEBD28448F445F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="60337F050C4A50FEC9065010E8835FCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="4AFE99B7F7AB25322D3DBC72BD53FF41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="527EF686DF04E9037BF019B7935253E4" author="Ibarrola, DA" journalOrPublisher="Nueva Serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B116" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Least Concern [LC]. EOO = 1,233,243 km2 [LC]; AOO = 196 km2 [EN].
|
|
<taxonomicName id="44E2EF1A13C755896232AB8E95B86F23" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="D58B655083D930BA3631B0E04130CD7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a broad geographical distribution and is a weedy species of open areas and roadsides where it occurs. It occurs within protected areas in Argentina (e.g., Reserva Vida Silvestre
|
|
<normalizedToken id="1D8BE8C95A6C3B8C804F51795AA3B171" originalValue="Urugua-í">Urugua-i</normalizedToken>
|
|
in Misiones) and Brazil (e.g., Parque Nacional Itatiaia at the border of Minas Gerais,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="5421CA5837813F04601F01B14B791F2D" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
|
Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Parque Estadual Intervales in Santa Catarina, Parque Estadual Ibtipoca in Minas Gerais).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="0275011FDF1419CFE96DF7F8F6E5134A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="20C3B1D947CEB157B8AFCBF676D56CD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A579CF5048C89FE52BD384CF186A4D3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="926B39C636D4465B291C9AE045D37238" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="BD07DA1A16D95A1277BE151BC319D4B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has not been in common use for this species, in part due to the poor quality of the type specimen (see below). Earlier treatments either treated this species as new (e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1FA5D3D21C29C8C23EA2349C039080F4" author="Smith, LB" editor="Reitz, PR" journalOrPublisher="SOLA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 321" refId="B219" refString="Smith, LB, Downs, RJ, 1966. Solanaceas. In: Reitz, PR, Ed., Flora ilustrada Catarinense fasc. SOLA: 1 - 321" title="Solanaceas." volumeTitle="Flora ilustrada Catarinense fasc." year="1966">Smith and Downs 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
|
as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BDFA20103E268F47B2692C195E5070D9" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. maioranthum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maioranthum">
|
|
<emphasis id="D15EC9D6A4713BA5B7CED54E8DA468B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. maioranthum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) or as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8BC495221DFD9B50D235C769669919C4" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrescens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
|
<emphasis id="5AEDFBD251436DC26A2D62E94153004D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3801A0C09ECD157A443C0D0027F3DF85" author="Mentz, LA" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 327" refId="B160" refString="Mentz, LA, Oliveira, PL, 2004. Solanum (Solanaceae) na regiao sul do Brasil. Pesquisas. Botanica 54: 1 - 327" title="Solanum (Solanaceae) na regiao sul do Brasil. Pesquisas." volume="54" year="2004">Mentz and Oliveira 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), a species from North, Central and northern South America. The flowers of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8B8F78F72D78450C92528E38815A8F5D" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="625F8CB66F3EB9AEF86621B2F9B94DD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are usually evenly spaced along the elongate inflorescence axis, in contrast to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F487904655BE6D47FF72EB6673407117" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrescens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
|
<emphasis id="70DFAB084ABAC50FC2135C4ED77C06DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
where they are clustered at the tip or not widely spaced.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DA335752917BBC40C992E1F67172D69E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="B005EFC7BED11876ABB609B4B1165D36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is most similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C74C5217E0C1B367CDBF044BF043CCF6" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. enantiophyllanthum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="enantiophyllanthum">
|
|
<emphasis id="381A1FE689DF2A5CAAA3226CE03072F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. enantiophyllanthum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with which it is nearly sympatric in the mountain ranges of southern Brazil.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5CEC6704A76638BA1DC1FC6CE08B2296" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="8BC7806F51A460D30B875B026AEC282B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has smaller flowers (0.8-1.2 cm in diameter versus 1.9-2 cm in diameter) with shorter anthers (2.5-3.5 mm long versus 4.5-6 mm long) than
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73A3530D44B5E61ED8D9EF3CD7F60AF1" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. enantiophyllanthum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="enantiophyllanthum">
|
|
<emphasis id="57EE6257D7AE9EA815DA5AF8D4F31828" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. enantiophyllanthum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and grows at somewhat lower elevations where their distributions overlap. In herbarium specimens the inflorescences of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D1988EBFC811B1C7E97660A92648AAF7" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paucidens">
|
|
<emphasis id="2888FF4BAAC60985F46254B53D7E5FC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. paucidens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
appear secund, with flowers and fruits on one side of the inflorescence axis; this is most easily seen in fruiting specimens.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="927C2788D556891062A87E7D4A60AC92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="F59D245042A46F9927F418DF57A90E91" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B17" refString="Bitter, G, 1912b. Solana nova vel minus cognita II. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 11: 1 - 15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" title="Solana nova vel minus cognita II." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" volume="11" year="1912 b">Bitter (1912b)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="470E986D664F4C0100B6682D5587FE83" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. paucidens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="paucidens">
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<emphasis id="8872E4DB918AC19D7154E8BB2A77A9CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. paucidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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citing only a collection by
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<normalizedToken id="1426DA13D134E60208A8A1107A04DE5D" originalValue="“Julio”">"Julio"</normalizedToken>
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Moura (referring to Julia T. de Moura) from a specimen in the Berlin Herbarium. That specimen no longer exists, and we have looked for duplicates in other herbaria where collections might be found (e.g., BR), but have been unsuccessful. The fragment of the holotype at F mounted on the sheet with the photograph (F neg. 2839) taken by J.F. Macbride in Berlin (barcode v0073360F, acc. # 621340) is more or less adequate for identification and is here designated as the lectotype. Further duplicates of this gathering may be found at R that are better representations of the species, thus we do not at this stage designate an epitype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3DBDA9B194423AF25E9487D1F6720729" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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In describing
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<taxonomicName id="E0CE1577C630389A243B4B1AA6B03AA3" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. maracayuense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maracayuense">
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<emphasis id="25795328E59B957CFDDC8447BAFBD4EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. maracayuense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="02D05189A8DE6F5D6B69D8C5082FAF65" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B17" refString="Bitter, G, 1912b. Solana nova vel minus cognita II. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 11: 1 - 15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" title="Solana nova vel minus cognita II." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19120110103" volume="11" year="1912 b">Bitter (1912b)</bibRefCitation>
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cited
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<emphasis id="FA4CF6C303359813A1B7FC345C203242" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hassler 5278</emphasis>
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from Berlin, but this specimen is no longer extant. Two sheets of
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<emphasis id="C184DAB922C7F32A4033A4A5DDB76E92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hassler 5278</emphasis>
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are held in the Hassler Herbarium at G, and we select the better of these with flowers and fruits (G00306843) as the lectotype for this name.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43F787A71A56667133095B93918A9606" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="B1DEFBD53C401842B5136B031B64E6A2" author="Chodat, R" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B44" refString="Chodat, R, 1916. Geobotanique et etude critique de quelques Solanees paraguayennes. Bulletin de la Societe botanique de Geneve, series 2, 8: 142-160." title="Geobotanique et etude critique de quelques Solanees paraguayennes. Bulletin de la Societe botanique de Geneve, series 2, 8: 142 - 160." year="1916">Chodat (1916)</bibRefCitation>
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cited
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<emphasis id="9E17AD30CCFF7875C14012C3F2FEB958" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chodat & Visscher 67</emphasis>
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from "herb. Univ. de Geneve" in the protologue of
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<taxonomicName id="D5E590C335BFB3919493FBF3B6E79F1B" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. rojasii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rojasii">
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<emphasis id="BC109B90CB7B3A8F17762C5F74E6EC44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. rojasii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This herbarium is now held at G, and we have selected the more complete of the two duplicates (G00449278) held there that is labelled
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<normalizedToken id="AB13C7445C4DBB2A22FA23D2B0BA9BBC" originalValue="“holotype”">"holotype"</normalizedToken>
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as the lectotype for
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<taxonomicName id="F2F6127683A33CA8C2FF1106476E7C70" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. rojasii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rojasii">
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<emphasis id="4B799CB7F4039B34A4867F31D3F238C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. rojasii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |