219 lines
24 KiB
XML
219 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="68CFC0841F7252D4DB829DF93DCD2D61" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4007.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8a69c569-957e-4539-8915-d8b8b33307e6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="237826" ID-ZooBank="A0D37BDF-9B45-42D2-B5F9-894DEAF95B2A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461218988254" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Makarkin, Vladimir N." docDate="2015" docId="1923325F1F48FF8039C2C8E3F7AEF9CE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04007p342.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4007 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Creagroparaberotha Makarkin, 2015, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0C94E62E-58CD-446E-B34F-EC8EDDC9330A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="329" masterDocId="E51A4A271F4AFF823955C87BF309FFE5" masterDocTitle="A new genus of the mantispid-like Paraberothinae (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from Burmese amber, with special consideration of its probasitarsus spine-like setation" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="327" pageNumber="329" updateTime="1698603394532" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8EEF0AD6BD5AE0DD36414E879A3B6399">A new genus of the mantispid-like Paraberothinae (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from Burmese amber, with special consideration of its probasitarsus spine-like setation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A854FA6B62706F8038D4C143BF9AEC08">Makarkin, Vladimir N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="61E6927E669CCD15961B071DDAC5CA95">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D331094A1003E859ACE2752C9FA91BC0">
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<mods:date id="83F4212D95E05060B1099EA2C4B557F6">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="83F94E9196D55E2273B17AA4A1A37CFB">4007</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A724D7B04E6A8B5ECD7D1C249E689CAD" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="CE1BDA9E13D57EA8B80D2F1FFE46BFDA">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C196D9308A578108BBD7A7428A229B72">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="1923325F1F48FF8039C2C8E3F7AEF9CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5674333" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119631336" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5674333" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C94E62E-58CD-446E-B34F-EC8EDDC9330A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1923325F1F48FF8039C2C8E3F7AEF9CE" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<subSubSection id="D990D0C21F48FF8039C2C8E3F153FF57" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF8039C2C8E3F153FF57" blockId="2.[151,602,151,178]" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<heading id="CA7D34251F48FF8039C2C8E3F153FF57" bold="true" box="[151,602,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039C2C8E3F153FF57" bold="true" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF8039BBC8ECF2EFFF54" ID-CoL="3VGG" box="[238,486,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Creagroparaberotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039BBC8ECF2EFFF54" bold="true" box="[238,486,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Creagroparaberotha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CDE2201F48FF8038B9C8E3F153FF57" box="[492,602,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D990D0C21F48FF8039C2C8A5F045FF12" box="[151,844,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF8039C2C8A5F045FF12" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" box="[151,844,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039C2C8A5F2A9FF12" bold="true" box="[151,416,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<typeStatus id="4E313DEB1F48FF8039C2C8A5F3DBFF12" box="[151,210,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Type</typeStatus>
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and only species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF8038F2C8A5F1E5FF13" box="[423,748,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Creagroparaberotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8038F2C8A5F1E5FF13" box="[423,748,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Creagroparaberotha groehni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CDE2201F48FF803BA6C8A5F045FF12" box="[755,844,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803BA6C8A5F045FF12" bold="true" box="[755,844,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D990D0C21F48FF803992C979F79DFEDA" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992C979F79DFEDA" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803992C979F247FEFE" bold="true" box="[199,334,258,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From the Greek
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B5EC978F16EFEFE" box="[523,615,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">kreagris</emphasis>
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[κρεαγρις], fork, and
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF803A09C978F0E3FEFE" box="[860,1002,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Paraberotha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803A09C978F0E3FEFE" box="[860,1002,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Paraberotha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a genus-group name of
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF803DABC979F675FEFE" box="[1278,1404,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Berothidae</taxonomicName>
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, in reference to the majority of the forewing subcostal veinlets being forked. Gender feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D990D0C21F48FF803992C931F1A1FD43" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992C931F1A1FD43" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803992C931F233FE86" bold="true" box="[199,314,330,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. May be distinguished from other similar genera, which bear spine-like curved seta on outer (dorsal) edge of two proximal protarsomeres, by a combination of the following character states: scapus long, ca. 5–6 times as long as wide [relatively short, maximum of ca. 2.5 times as long as maximum wide in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803DF5C9E8F63DFE4E" box="[1184,1332,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803C68C9E9F24CFE2A" author="Engel" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Engel, M. S. & Grimaldi, D. A. (2008) Diverse Neuropterida in Cretaceous amber, with particular reference to the paleofauna of Myanmar (Insecta). Nova Supplementa Entomologica, 20, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="2008">Engel et Grimaldi, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF80381AC9CCF2F0FE2B" box="[335,505,439,462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803B55C9CDF1B5FE2A" author="Shi" box="[512,700,438,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Shi, C. F., Ohl, M., Wunderlich, J. & Ren, D. (2015 a) A remarkable new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous amber of Myanmar and its implications on raptorial foreleg evolution in Mantispidae. Cretaceous Research, 52 (B), 416 - 422. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2014.04.003" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
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Shi
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B79C9CCF157FE2B" box="[556,606,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">et al</emphasis>
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., 2015a
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</bibRefCitation>
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]; protibia with numerous (>10) inner (ventral) spine-like setae for entire length [only three (
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803881C9A0F161FE16" box="[468,616,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B2AC9A0F020FE17" box="[639,809,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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) and four (
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803AEAC9A0F77DFE16" box="[959,1140,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Rhachibermissa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803DD6C9A1F631FE16" author="Grimaldi" box="[1155,1336,474,499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Grimaldi, D. A. (2000) A diverse fauna of Neuropterodea in amber from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. In: Grimaldi, D. A. (Ed.), Studies on Fossil in Amber, with Particular Reference to the Cretaceous of New Jersey. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 259 - 303." type="book chapter" year="2000">Grimaldi, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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) distal]; probasitarsus with six ventral spine-like setae [two in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803A44C984F0B2FDF3" box="[785,955,511,534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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; one in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803D77C985F7DFFDF3" box="[1058,1238,510,534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Rhachibermissa</emphasis>
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]; forewing: dark maculation present [absent in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B43CA58F1A3FDDE" box="[534,682,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B91CA58F067FDDF" box="[708,878,547,570]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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]; costal space broad [moderately narrow in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039C2CA3DF242FDBB" box="[151,331,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Rhachibermissa</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803834CA3DF2FCFDBB" box="[353,501,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B5ECA3DF1BCFDBB" box="[523,693,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B9FCA3CF07DFDBB" box="[714,884,583,606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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]; most subcostal veinlets forked [all or most subcostal veinlets simple in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803881CA10F181FD66" box="[468,648,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Rhachibermissa</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803BC2CA10F022FD66" box="[663,811,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803A6FCA10F0EDFD66" box="[826,996,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803ABECA11F60EFD66" author="McKellar" box="[1003,1287,618,643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="McKellar, R. C. & Engel, M. S. (2009) A new thorny lacewing (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) from Canadian Cretaceous amber. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 82, 114 - 121. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2317 / JKES 811.10.1" type="journal article" year="2009">McKellar et Engel, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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]; CuP deeply forked [shallowly pectinate in
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8038B8CAF5F19EFD43" box="[493,663,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D990D0C21F48FF803992CAC9F7AEF9CE" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992CAC9F0C7FC9A" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803992CAC9F246FD2E" bold="true" box="[199,335,690,715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF803835CAC8F141FD2E" box="[352,584,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Creagroparaberotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803835CAC8F141FD2E" box="[352,584,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Creagroparaberotha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CDE2201F48FF803B0FCAC9F1C4FD2E" box="[602,717,690,715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B0FCAC9F1C4FD2E" bold="true" box="[602,717,690,715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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belongs to Paraberothinae with certainty as it shares all paraberothine diagnostic characters with other genera (see below), including one synapomorphy of the subfamily (i.e., the presence of spine-like setae on the inner edge of the protibia). Its venation is in general similar to that of the other genera including those known from Burmese amber (i.e.,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803AD4CB65F736FCD3" box="[897,1087,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Eorhachiberotha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803D10CB65F7C6FCD2" author="Engel" box="[1093,1231,798,823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Engel, M. S. (2004) Thorny lacewings (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2, 137 - 140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477201904001208" type="journal article" year="2004">Engel, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803D8CCB65F667FCD3" box="[1241,1390,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039C2CB38F248FCBF" box="[151,321,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
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). However, in the new genus, almost all the distal subcostal veinlets in the forewing costal space are forked, whereas they are mainly or entirely simple in all the other genera.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992CBF1F685FBB2" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
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The foreleg of the new genus is similar to that of all the Burmese genera,
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803AAFCBF0F7A7FC46" box="[1018,1198,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Rhachibermissa</emphasis>
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, and
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803DBECBF0F69CFC46" box="[1259,1429,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
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, in that their two basal tarsomeres each bear one curved spine-like seta on the outer (dorsal) edge. It is noteworthy that the foreleg structure of
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<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF8038B2CBA8F1C6FC0E" box="[487,719,979,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Creagroparaberotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8038B2CBA8F1C6FC0E" box="[487,719,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Creagroparaberotha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CDE2201F48FF803B8ECBA9F040FC0E" box="[731,841,978,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B8ECBA9F040FC0E" bold="true" box="[731,841,978,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is almost identical to that of the Canadian amber
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8039C2CB8DF248FBEB" box="[151,321,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
|
||
, i.e., in the shape of the femur and similar setation of the femur, tibia, and tarsus. However, these two genera strongly differ in the venation:
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803B21CC60F017FBD6" box="[628,798,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Albertoberotha</emphasis>
|
||
has a narrow forewing and costal space, all the subcostal veinlets are simple, and CuP is pectinately branched; these features in the new genus are fundamentally different.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992CC18F125FAEE" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803992CC18F255FB9E" box="[199,348,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Scoloberotha</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF8038C3CC18F149FB9F" box="[406,576,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
appear to be the most similar to each other, compared to the other genera, although the former genus is incompletely described. These genera share the following character states: the protibia with three distal spine-like setae on inner edge; the scapus is relatively short; the forewing lacks dark spots; and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99DC3D91F48FF803C2FCCD0F695FB27" box="[1402,1436,1195,1218]" name="Poland" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">RP</collectingCountry>
|
||
has four branches. However, they differ in the shape and setation of the profemur (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803D0DCCB5F66CFB02" author="Engel" box="[1112,1381,1230,1255]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Engel, M. S. & Grimaldi, D. A. (2008) Diverse Neuropterida in Cretaceous amber, with particular reference to the paleofauna of Myanmar (Insecta). Nova Supplementa Entomologica, 20, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="2008">Engel & Grimaldi 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Fig. 46 and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF8039BCCC89F294FAEE" author="Shi" box="[233,413,1266,1291]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Shi, C. F., Ohl, M., Wunderlich, J. & Ren, D. (2015 a) A remarkable new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous amber of Myanmar and its implications on raptorial foreleg evolution in Mantispidae. Cretaceous Research, 52 (B), 416 - 422. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2014.04.003" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Shi
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803840CC88F24EFAEE" box="[277,327,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B19FCC1F48FF8038FDCC89F2E7FAEE" box="[424,494,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1084,1106]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1062]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1062]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Creagroparaberotha groehni gen. et sp. nov., holotype GPIH Typ. Kat. Nr. 4568. Distal portions of abdomen (latero-ventral view) and left hind leg. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237829/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B19FCC1F48FF8038AECC89F103FAEE" box="[507,522,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1079,1101]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,259,1057]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,259,1057]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Creagroparaberotha groehni gen. et sp. nov., holotype GPIH Typ. Kat. Nr. 4568. Basal portion of the left forewing costal space. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237831/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">5</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992CD6DF69FFA06" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803817CD6CF2E5FACB" box="[322,492,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
was initially assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF803A5DCD6DF09AFACA" box="[776,915,1302,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mantispidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803AF4CD6DF75EFACA" author="Shi" box="[929,1111,1302,1327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Shi, C. F., Ohl, M., Wunderlich, J. & Ren, D. (2015 a) A remarkable new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous amber of Myanmar and its implications on raptorial foreleg evolution in Mantispidae. Cretaceous Research, 52 (B), 416 - 422. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2014.04.003" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Shi
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803A9ACD6CF709FACB" box="[975,1024,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, Makarkin (2015) argued that all available character states indicate a paraberothine affinity. This point was rebutted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51BFEB81F48FF803C64CD41F3FAFA92" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" refString="Shi, C. F., Ohl, M., Wunderlich, J. & Ren, D. (2015 b) A remarkable new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous amber of Myanmar and its implications on raptorial foreleg evolution in Mantispidae: Reply to the comment. Cretaceous Research, 52 (B), 425 - 426. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2014.06.013" type="journal article">
|
||
Shi
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803C34CD40F69CFAB6" box="[1377,1429,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2015b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; although the authors did not provide additional evidence of the mantispid affinity of the genus, they assumed that “further fossil findings might result in a different interpretation” (p. 426).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="568AF8CA1F48FF803D2ECDF8F66AFA7E" box="[1147,1379,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Creagroparaberotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803D2ECDF8F66AFA7E" box="[1147,1379,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Creagroparaberotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CDE2201F48FF803C3ECDF9F3C1FA5A" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803C3ECDF9F3C1FA5A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is such a “further fossil finding”. The similarity of
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803A7BCDDCF0D1FA5B" box="[814,984,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Micromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
with other Burmese representatives of Paraberothinae and dissimilarity with any mantispids is so great that there is no doubt on its paraberothine affinity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913583491F48FF803992CD95F7AEF9CE" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,1579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
|
||
The morphology of the
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FE5F5B1F48FF803886CD95F198F9E3" box="[467,657,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Eorhachiberotha</emphasis>
|
||
species is incompletely described. In particular, the seeming absence of spine-like setae in the protibia and the protarsus in this genus is most probably an artefact.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |