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<mods:title id="329C0A03C1E59FB61E53E18F8AC5AAFC">A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical termite genus Rhynchotermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D70EC10F8CA7B63A7F83A23BCFEBA3A">Constantini, Joice P.</mods:namePart>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEFFFD4FF4AFBD6FDCAFD11" authority="Holmgren" authorityName="Holmgren" box="[238,561,1077,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FF4AFBD6FE50FD11" bold="true" box="[238,427,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Rhynchotermes</emphasis>
Holmgren
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<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEFFFD4FF33FB94FD6AFDD2" authority="Holmgren 1912: 55" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,657,1142,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Armitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Rhynchotermes">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FF33FB94FEF6FDD2" box="[151,269,1143,1164]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Armitermes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FEB8FB95FE43FDD2" box="[284,440,1142,1164]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Rhynchotermes</emphasis>
)
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FE63FB95FD6AFDD2" author="Holmgren" box="[455,657,1142,1164]" page="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FE63FB95FD90FDD2" author="Holmgren" box="[455,619,1142,1164]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Holmgren, N. (1912) Termitenstudien 3. Systematik der Termiten. Die Familien Metatermitidae. Konglia Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 48 (4), 1 - 166." type="journal article" year="1912">Holmgren 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 55
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FD39FB95FC9AFDD2" author="Snyder" box="[669,865,1142,1164]" page="181" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FD39FB95FCD4FDD2" author="Snyder" box="[669,815,1142,1164]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Snyder, T. E. (1925 b) [1924] New termites and hitherto unknown castes from the canal zone, Panama. Journal of Agricultural Research, 29 (4), 179 - 193." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="b">Snyder 1925b</bibRefCitation>
: 181
</treatmentCitation>
, 188–190;
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEFFFD4FC76FB95FB95FDD2" box="[978,1134,1142,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FC76FB95FB95FDD2" box="[978,1134,1142,1164]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Rhynchotermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FBD8FB95FACFFDD2" author="Snyder" box="[1148,1332,1142,1164]" page="264" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FBD8FB95FAF9FDD2" author="Snyder" box="[1148,1282,1142,1164]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Snyder, T. E. (1949) Catalog of the termites (Isoptera) of the world. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 112, 1 - 490." type="journal article" year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 264
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FA9BFB95FED4FDF5" author="Mathews" page="154" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FA9BFB95FF06FDF5" author="Mathews" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Mathews, A. G. A. (1977) Studies on termites from the Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, Rio de Janeiro, 267 pp." type="book" year="1977">Mathews 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 154
</treatmentCitation>
–159, redescription;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FDA7FB76FD5BFDF5" author="Mill" box="[515,672,1173,1195]" page="183" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FDA7FB76FD97FDF5" author="Mill" box="[515,620,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Mill, A. E. (1983) Generic keys to the soldier caste of New World Termitidae (Isoptera: Insecta). Systematic Entomology, 8 (2), 179 - 190. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1983. tb 00478. x" type="journal article" year="1983">Mill 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 183
</treatmentCitation>
, 188;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FD45FB75FC86FDF5" author="Fontes" box="[737,893,1173,1195]" page="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FD45FB75FC98FDF5" author="Fontes" box="[737,867,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Fontes, L. R. (1985) New genera and new species of Nasutitermitinae from the Neotropical region (Isoptera, Termitidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 3 (1), 7 - 25. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751985000100002" type="journal article" year="1985">Fontes 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 9
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FC2EFB76FB56FDF5" author="Nickle" box="[906,1197,1173,1195]" page="226" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FC2EFB76FB83FDF5" author="Nickle" box="[906,1144,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Nickle, D. A. &amp; Collins, M. S. (1992) The termites of Panama. In: Quintero, D. &amp; Aiello, A. (Eds.), Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 208 - 241." type="book chapter" year="1992">Nickle &amp; Collins 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 226
</treatmentCitation>
, 227, 234;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FA86FB76FECBFD94" author="Constantino" page="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FA86FB76FF06FD94" author="Constantino" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Constantino, R. (1999) Chave ilustrada dos generos de cupim (Insecta: Isoptera) que ocorrem no Brasil. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, 40 (25), 387 - 448." type="journal article" year="1999">Constantino 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 403
</treatmentCitation>
, 416; 2002: 22;
<treatmentCitation id="10100018FFEFFFD4FE70FB57FD2DFD94" author="Krishna" box="[468,726,1204,1226]" page="1471" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FE70FB57FD62FD94" author="Krishna" box="[468,665,1204,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D. A., Krishna, V. &amp; Engel, M. S. (2013) Treatise on the Isoptera of the World. 4. Termitidae (Part one). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 377 (4), 973 - 1495. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1206 / 377.4" type="journal article" year="2013">
Krishna
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FD8EFB56FDACFD94" box="[554,599,1204,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 1471
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEFFFD4FF33FB31FCA7FDB6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1142,1256]" box="[151,860,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FF33FB31FEE4FDB6" bold="true" box="[151,287,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Type-species</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEFFFD4FE8FFB30FD3DFDB6" authority="Silvestri, 1901" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1901" box="[299,710,1234,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Armitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutissimus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FE8FFB30FDD1FDB6" box="[299,554,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Armitermes nasutissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEFFFD4FD8BFB31FD3DFDB6" author="Silvestri" box="[559,710,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" refString="Silvestri, F. (1901) Nota preliminare sui Termitid sud-americani. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 16 (389), 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1901">Silvestri, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEFFFD4FF33FAECFE24FFA8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1295,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FF33FAECFF18FC76" bold="true" box="[151,227,1295,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Imago</emphasis>
. Head capsule rounded with large eyes near lower margin. Ocelli near eyes,
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEFFFD4FBF5FAECFB69FC76" box="[1105,1170,1295,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Armitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
diameter less than half the diameter of eyes, protruding. Fontanelle rounded to sub-oval, medium sized, paler than rest of head capsule. Mandibles as in worker (described below,
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FD24FAB5FD38FC31" box="[640,707,1366,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[274,1312,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[274,1313,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Worker: A: Rhynchotermes perarmatus (MZUSP 16114), habitus, B: idem, head capsule in dorsal view, C: idem, head capsule in lateral view and D: R. piauy mandibles. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B and C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260551/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
D) or with second marginal tooth of right mandible very small. Antenna with 14 articles, first and third longer than second, fourth shorter than second and remaining articles progressively increasing in length. Postclypeus inflated with dark line. Pronotum with anterolateral margin projected slightly forward or slightly downward; anterocentral margin projected upward (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FBDBFA22FB46FC84" box="[1151,1213,1473,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,760,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,760,1943]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Imago head capsule and pronotum. Rhynchotermes nasutissimus (paralectotype DEZA) A: dorsal view, B: lateral view; R. perarmatus (MZUSP 22893) C: dorsal view and D: lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260544/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D) or not (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FA93FA22FA8DFC84" box="[1335,1398,1473,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,760,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,760,1943]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Imago head capsule and pronotum. Rhynchotermes nasutissimus (paralectotype DEZA) A: dorsal view, B: lateral view; R. perarmatus (MZUSP 22893) C: dorsal view and D: lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260544/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B). Labrum subpentagonal with rounded hyaline tip. Margin of forecoxa slightly elevated (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FB77FA07FADBFCA3" box="[1235,1312,1508,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Forecoxa process: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus imago, B: idem soldier, C: R. diphyes major soldier and D: R. amazonensis sp. nov. minor soldier. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260550/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A). Wings membranous with costal margin and radial sector conspicuous. Tibial spur formula 2:2:2. Bristles with lighter base spread all over the head capsule. Postclypeus with four long bristles highlighted and several other shorter bristles. Labrum with varying number of bristles. Pronotum with some medium size bristles on anterior margin and group of long bristles on anterolateral angles. Wings densely covered by hair (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FC69F991FBEAFFD5" box="[973,1041,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1043,1065]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1021]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1021]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Imago left anterior wings. Rhynchotermes nasutissimus (paralectotype DEZA) A: general view, B: detail; R. perarmatus (MZUSP 22893) C: general view and D: detail. Scale bar: A and C, 1 mm; B and D, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260545/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D) or not (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FB29F991FB28FFD5" box="[1165,1235,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1043,1065]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1021]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1021]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Imago left anterior wings. Rhynchotermes nasutissimus (paralectotype DEZA) A: general view, B: detail; R. perarmatus (MZUSP 22893) C: general view and D: detail. Scale bar: A and C, 1 mm; B and D, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260545/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B). Abdomen and legs with numerous bristles. In female, pleural region has many dark hairs while the male has only a few inconspicuous hairs. Head capsule and pronotum brown, eyes black. Wings with blackish brown subcosta and radial veins. Body yellowish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9AB7582FFEFFFD1FF63F8E3FD58F98B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" type="description">
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEFFFD4FF63F8E3FA66FEB0" blockId="1.[151,1437,1295,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEFFFD4FF63F8E3FEE0FE47" bold="true" box="[199,283,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Soldier</emphasis>
. Monomorphic or dimorphic. Head capsule rounded to pear-shape in dorsal view. Antenna with 14 articles, first and third articles longer than second, fourth article shorter than second and remaining articles progressively increasing in length, long (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FDC0F8A4FD53FE3E" box="[612,680,1863,1888]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1343,1365]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[159,1427,193,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Soldier head capsule lateral view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus, and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260547/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A, B, C) or short articles (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FC6AF8A4FBE9FE3E" box="[974,1042,1863,1888]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1343,1365]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[159,1427,193,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Soldier head capsule lateral view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus, and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260547/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D, F, G, I). Labrum subrectangular, subpentagonal or tongue-shaped. Frontal tube about same length of head or longer and always covering the postclypeus in dorsal view. Frontal tube with bulbous shape (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FCD9F86DFC3DFEF9" box="[893,966,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Soldier head capsule dorsal view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier, MZUSP 12800), B: idem (minor soldier, idem), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier, MZUSP 16115), D: R. diphyes (major soldier, MZUSP 15934), E: idem (minor soldier, idem), F: R. matraga sp. nov. (MZUSP 16125), G: R. nasutissimus (lectotype DEZA), H: R. perarmatus (MZUSP 16114) and I: R. piauy (MZUSP 16126). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260546/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C), conical (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FBF9F86DFB5EFEF9" box="[1117,1189,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Soldier head capsule dorsal view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier, MZUSP 12800), B: idem (minor soldier, idem), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier, MZUSP 16115), D: R. diphyes (major soldier, MZUSP 15934), E: idem (minor soldier, idem), F: R. matraga sp. nov. (MZUSP 16125), G: R. nasutissimus (lectotype DEZA), H: R. perarmatus (MZUSP 16114) and I: R. piauy (MZUSP 16126). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260546/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A, B, D, F, G, I) or subcylindrical (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FEE3F852FE71FE94" box="[327,394,1969,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[193,1387,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Soldier head capsule dorsal view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier, MZUSP 12800), B: idem (minor soldier, idem), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier, MZUSP 16115), D: R. diphyes (major soldier, MZUSP 15934), E: idem (minor soldier, idem), F: R. matraga sp. nov. (MZUSP 16125), G: R. nasutissimus (lectotype DEZA), H: R. perarmatus (MZUSP 16114) and I: R. piauy (MZUSP 16126). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260546/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E, H) forming an angle of about 45 degree in lateral view with dorsal line of head. Dorsal margin of head plus margin of frontal tube concave (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FD57F836FCC3FEB0" box="[755,824,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1343,1365]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[159,1427,193,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Soldier head capsule lateral view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus, and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260547/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A, B, C, D, E, G, H) or straight (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEFFFD4FB14F836FB0FFEB0" box="[1200,1268,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1343,1365]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[159,1427,193,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Soldier head capsule lateral view. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus, and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260547/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F, I) in profile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFECFFD7FF33FF74FADAFB9B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">
Mandibles evenly (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FECAFF74FE4BF9EE" box="[366,432,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B, C, D, E, H) or strongly curved (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FC95FF74FC8FF9EE" box="[817,884,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, F, G, I), apical portion sharp with inner margin serrated (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FEA4FF58FEBFF98A" box="[256,324,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, F, G, I) or not (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FDB0FF58FDACF98A" box="[532,599,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B, C, D, E, H), and marginal tooth conical (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FBE8FF58FB6BF98A" box="[1100,1168,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C, H) or subrectangular (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FF3BFF3DFF1AF9A9" box="[159,225,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[185,1416,654,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,635,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Soldier left mandible. A: Rhynchotermes amazonensis sp. nov. (major soldier), B: idem (minor soldier), C: R. bulbinasus (major soldier), D: R. diphyes (major soldier), E: idem (minor soldier), F: R. matraga sp. nov., G: R. nasutissimus, H: R. perarmatus and I: R. piauy. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, B, D, E, F, G, I). Apical region of each mandible aligns to the proximal region of the opposite mandible (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FF3BFEE1FF19F845" box="[159,226,258,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,800,822]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,193,778]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,779]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Soldier mandibles at rest position: A: Rhynchotermes nasutissimus, apical region of each mandible aligns to the proximal region of the opposite mandible when closed, B: R. perarmatus, apical region of each mandible extending well beyond the opposite mandible when closed. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260549/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A) or apical region of each mandible extending well beyond the opposite mandible when closed (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FA92FEE1FA81F845" box="[1334,1402,258,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,800,822]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,193,778]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,779]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Soldier mandibles at rest position: A: Rhynchotermes nasutissimus, apical region of each mandible aligns to the proximal region of the opposite mandible when closed, B: R. perarmatus, apical region of each mandible extending well beyond the opposite mandible when closed. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260549/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B). Postmentum small, slightly projected, subquadrangular to subrectangular. Pronotum with two rounded projections close to posterolateral margins, length of anterior lobe variable. Meso- and metanotum with rounded lateral margins. Forecoxa process conical (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FD95FE8FFD8CF8DA" box="[561,631,364,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Forecoxa process: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus imago, B: idem soldier, C: R. diphyes major soldier and D: R. amazonensis sp. nov. minor soldier. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260550/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B, C) or subcylindrical (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFECFFD7FC2BFE8FFC2FF8DB" box="[911,980,364,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1431,933,1891]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Forecoxa process: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus imago, B: idem soldier, C: R. diphyes major soldier and D: R. amazonensis sp. nov. minor soldier. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260550/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
D). Tibial spur formula 2:2:2. Digestive tube visible by transparency. Head capsule, postmentum, pronotum and forecoxa process with cuticular microsculpture (points). Head capsule with two to ten bristles (none short) on surface. Labrum with two to four bristles. Articles of antennae with whorls of bristles that vary in size on posterior portion. Frontal pore surrounded by a couple of short bristles. Pronotum without bristles or with one to six bristles on the anterior lobe. Meso- and metanotum without bristles or with one bristle on each anterolateral angle. Forecoxa process glabrous or with a single erect bristle. Tergites with a variable number of bristles on posterior margin. Sternites with more numerous bristles than tergites, projected obliquely in anteroposterior direction and also on posterior edge of each plate. Legs with variable number of long bristles distributed throughout extension. Head capsule orange to reddish-brown. Mandibles with base yellowish and distal portion orange to reddish-brown. Body yellow to pale yellow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C5CE7681FFECFFD7FF33F84EFBB8FEBC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260544/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" targetBox="[151,1436,760,1943]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="910E2609FFECFFD7FF33F84EFBB8FEBC" blockId="2.[151,1435,1965,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFECFFD7FF33F84EFEF6FE9D" bold="true" box="[151,269,1965,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. Imago head capsule and pronotum.
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFECFFD7FD22F84EFC51FE9D" box="[646,938,1965,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutissimus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFECFFD7FD22F84EFC51FE9D" box="[646,938,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Rhynchotermes nasutissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paralectotype DEZA) A: dorsal view, B: lateral view;
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFECFFD7FF71F82EFE9DFEBC" box="[213,358,1997,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perarmatus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFECFFD7FF71F82EFF1FFEBC" box="[213,228,1997,2018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFECFFD7FF55F82EFE9DFEBC" box="[241,358,1997,2018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">perarmatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MZUSP 22893) C: dorsal view and D: lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C5CE7681FFEDFFD6FF33FBF0FB39FD19" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260545/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1021]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEDFFD6FF33FBF0FB39FD19" blockId="3.[151,1435,1043,1095]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEDFFD6FF33FBF0FEECFD77" bold="true" box="[151,279,1043,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Imago left anterior wings.
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEDFFD6FD9AFBF0FC9EFD77" box="[574,869,1043,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutissimus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEDFFD6FD9AFBF0FC9EFD77" box="[574,869,1043,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Rhynchotermes nasutissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paralectotype DEZA) A: general view, B: detail;
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEDFFD6FA22FBF7FEF7FD19" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perarmatus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEDFFD6FA22FBF7FA6EFD77" box="[1414,1429,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEDFFD6FF33FBD1FEF7FD19" box="[151,268,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">perarmatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MZUSP 22893) C: general view and D: detail. Scale bar: A and C, 1 mm; B and D, 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEDFFD6FF63FB8DFA66FEB9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1134,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEDFFD6FF63FB8DFED8FDD9" bold="true" box="[199,291,1134,1159]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Worker</emphasis>
. Head capsule rounded in dorsal view, flattened dorso-ventrally (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FBECFB8DFB68FDD9" box="[1096,1171,1134,1159]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[274,1312,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[274,1313,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Worker: A: Rhynchotermes perarmatus (MZUSP 16114), habitus, B: idem, head capsule in dorsal view, C: idem, head capsule in lateral view and D: R. piauy mandibles. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B and C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C), highly sclerotized. Fontanelle rounded, conspicuous (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FDBCFB71FDA1FDF5" box="[536,602,1170,1195]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[274,1312,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[274,1313,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Worker: A: Rhynchotermes perarmatus (MZUSP 16114), habitus, B: idem, head capsule in dorsal view, C: idem, head capsule in lateral view and D: R. piauy mandibles. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B and C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B) or inconspicuous. Antenna with 14 articles, first and third article larger than second, fourth article shorter than second and remaining articles progressively increasing in length. Postclypeus inflated with or without dark line (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FD64FB39FCFDFDAD" box="[704,774,1242,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[274,1312,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[274,1313,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Worker: A: Rhynchotermes perarmatus (MZUSP 16114), habitus, B: idem, head capsule in dorsal view, C: idem, head capsule in lateral view and D: R. piauy mandibles. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B and C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A, B). Labrum subpentagonal with rounded and hyaline margins. Left mandible with small apical tooth (A) slightly shorter than M1+2, cutting margin between tip of M1+2 and third marginal tooth (M3) and molar prominence with 5–6 developed ridges (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FBDAFAC1FB39FC65" box="[1150,1218,1314,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1327,1349]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Digestive tube: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus gizzard, B: idem, pulvillus detail with scales and C: R. diphyes enteric valve (arrows indicate the fingerlike cushions). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.01 mm and C 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260552/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
D). Right mandible with apical tooth almost equal in size to M1, acute angle between them, M1 and M2 robust and molar plate with 5–6 ridges. Meso- and metanotum as described for soldier. Posterior margin of tergites darkened or not. Forecoxa process inconspicuous. Digestive tract (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FDF5FA6DFD69FCF9" box="[593,658,1422,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1327,1349]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Digestive tube: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus gizzard, B: idem, pulvillus detail with scales and C: R. diphyes enteric valve (arrows indicate the fingerlike cushions). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.01 mm and C 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260552/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A–C, 10A–D) with gizzard armature complete, columnar belt with 24 visible folds, 6 first-, 6 second- and 12 third order (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FD4DFA51FCD5FC95" box="[745,814,1458,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1327,1349]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Digestive tube: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus gizzard, B: idem, pulvillus detail with scales and C: R. diphyes enteric valve (arrows indicate the fingerlike cushions). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.01 mm and C 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260552/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A). Pulvilli without ornamentation but with scales tips distinguishable (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FEF1FA35FE65FCB1" box="[341,414,1494,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1327,1349]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Digestive tube: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus gizzard, B: idem, pulvillus detail with scales and C: R. diphyes enteric valve (arrows indicate the fingerlike cushions). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.01 mm and C 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260552/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B). Mesenteric tongue external to mesenteric arc with short proximal constriction and extending toward first proctodeal segment (P1), ending in oval shape (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FC70FA19FBD2FF4D" box="[980,1065,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,1433,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,1429,1941]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Digestive tube of Rhynchotermes nasutissimus: A: in situ, dorsal view, B: idem, right view, C: idem, ventral view and D: idem, left view. A – D without scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B, C). Two pairs of Malpighian tubules, closely inserted, each pair joined at their base and inserted at the midgut-hindgut junction. P1 fusiform, positioned to left and almost parallel to body axis in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FC16F9A1FBF3FF05" box="[946,1032,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,1433,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,1429,1941]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Digestive tube of Rhynchotermes nasutissimus: A: in situ, dorsal view, B: idem, right view, C: idem, ventral view and D: idem, left view. A – D without scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A). Internally, distal portion of P1 ornamented with scales, each bearing a row of 15 short wide spines (
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEDFFD6FC00F985FACDFF21" author="Rocha" box="[932,1334,1638,1663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" refString="Rocha, M. M. &amp; Constantini, J. P. (2015) Internal ornamentation of the first proctodeal segment of the digestive tube of Syntermitinae (Isoptera, Termitidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 62 (1), 29 - 44. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / dez. 62.8550" type="journal article" year="2015">Rocha &amp; Constantini 2015, Fig. 21</bibRefCitation>
). Enteric valve (EV) oriented at 180° relative to the axis of body, starting at P1 and extending as far as the paunch or proctodeal third segment (P3) on right, in left side view. Symmetrical EV with three conspicuous fingerlike cushions (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FEAFF931FEAAFFB5" box="[267,337,1746,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1327,1349]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1305]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Digestive tube: A— Rhynchotermes nasutissimus gizzard, B: idem, pulvillus detail with scales and C: R. diphyes enteric valve (arrows indicate the fingerlike cushions). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, 0.01 mm and C 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260552/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C). Cushions and inter-cushion spaces ornamented with triangular spines that become gradually sparser towards transition with P3. Proximal portion of enteric valve with more elongated thin spines. P3 divided into two distinct regions: P3a globular (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FDF6F8F9FD5FFE6D" box="[594,676,1818,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,1433,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,1429,1941]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Digestive tube of Rhynchotermes nasutissimus: A: in situ, dorsal view, B: idem, right view, C: idem, ventral view and D: idem, left view. A – D without scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B, C) on right side of dorsal view, and P3b &quot;S&quot; shaped (
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEDFFD6FAB5F8F9FA9AFE6D" box="[1297,1377,1818,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,1433,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,1429,1941]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Digestive tube of Rhynchotermes nasutissimus: A: in situ, dorsal view, B: idem, right view, C: idem, ventral view and D: idem, left view. A – D without scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A) in dorsal view. Colon or fourth proctodeal segment (P4) tubular after U-turn on right, in dorsal view. Head capsule with about ten long bristles and various shorter bristles. Two long bristles adjacent to fontanelle. Postclypeus with two to four bristles. Labrum with six bristles. Antenna articles with whorl of bristles, varying in size, on distal portion. Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum with variable number of bristles on anterior margin. Digestive tube visible by transparency. Tergites and sternites follow the description of soldiers but with more numerous bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEAFFD1FF33FF74FD58F98B" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Pilosity of legs as described for soldier. Head capsule orange to reddish brown with yellowish mandibles base and brown teeth. Body from yellow to pale yellow.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9AB7582FFEAFFD1FF63FF3CFB7DFB01" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEAFFD1FF63FF3CFCF1F842" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FF63FF3CFEA2F9A6" bold="true" box="[199,345,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEAFFD1FECDFF3CFE46F9A6" box="[361,445,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,196,1450]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[160,1420,196,1451]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Distribution map of R. amazonensis sp. nov., R. bulbinasus, R. nasutissimus and R. perarmatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260554/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="098A3A8CFFEAFFD1FE6EFF03FE12F9A6" box="[458,489,224,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1159,1181]" captionTargetBox="[183,1407,185,1129]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[175,1411,173,1138]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 13. Distribution map of R. diphyes, R. matraga sp. nov. and R. piauy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260555/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">13</figureCitation>
). Throughout the Neotropics in
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FCF1FF3CFC3CF9A6" box="[853,967,223,248]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FC77FF3CFBE6F9A6" box="[979,1053,223,248]" name="Belize" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FB8EFF3CFB84F9A6" box="[1066,1151,223,248]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FB2FFF3CFB29F9A6" box="[1163,1234,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FB7BFF3CFAABF9A6" box="[1247,1360,223,248]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FAF8FF03FF36F843" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FF7CFEE7FECCF843" box="[216,311,260,285]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FEE6FEE7FE45F843" box="[322,446,260,285]" name="Guatemala" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FE6EFEE6FDDDF842" box="[458,550,261,284]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FD94FEE6FD63F843" box="[560,664,261,285]" name="Paraguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FD6BFEE6FCFDF842" box="[719,774,261,284]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910E2609FFEAFFD1FF63FEC4FB7DFB01" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FF63FEC4FE9EF81E" bold="true" box="[199,357,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Comparisons</emphasis>
. Among the
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEAFFD1FDA2FEC4FD58F81E" box="[518,675,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syntermitinae">Syntermitinae</taxonomicName>
genera, soldiers of
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FC36FECAFBE8F81E" box="[914,1043,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Uncitermes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F5205BF8FFEAFFD1FBBAFEC4FF23F83A" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" refString="Rocha, M., Cancello, E. M. &amp; Carrijo, T. F. (2012) Neotropical termites: revision of Armitermes Wasmann (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae) and phylogeny of the Syntermitinae. Systematic Entomology, 37 (4), 793 - 827. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2012.00645. x" type="journal article">
Rocha &amp; Cancello (Rocha
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FAFBFECAFA67F81E" box="[1375,1436,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
2012)
</bibRefCitation>
are morphologically most similar to
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEAFFD1FD21FEAFFCC9F83B" box="[645,818,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FD21FEAFFCC9F83B" box="[645,818,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Rhynchotermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their large curved mandible with conical marginal teeth and long frontal tube.
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FE71FE92FD4BF8D6" box="[469,688,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Uncitermes teevani</emphasis>
has been recorded in northern
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FBB2FE8CFBA6F8D6" box="[1046,1117,367,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, eastern
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FB66FE8CFAC3F8D6" box="[1218,1336,367,392]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FAE1FE93FA67F8D6" box="[1349,1436,368,392]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Guyana</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E9A66699FFEAFFD1FF6DFE77FEC3F8F3" box="[201,312,404,429]" name="Suriname" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Suriname</collectingCountry>
. The main differences between the workers of these species include: apical teeth of left and right mandibles that are respectively smaller than M1 +2 and M1, larger molar prominence and concave molar plate; a mesenteric tongue with initial portion filiform, extending to P1 dilated region, which is almost circular in shape, in
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FF33FDE2FEF0FB46" box="[151,267,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">U. teevani</emphasis>
relative to
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEAFFD1FE29FDE2FDC6FB46" box="[397,573,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutissimus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FE29FDE2FDC6FB46" box="[397,573,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">R. nasutissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEAFFD1FD32FE1CFCC8FB46" box="[662,819,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syntermitinae">Syntermitinae</taxonomicName>
P1 is usually voluminous, but in
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FB17FDE2FADCFB46" box="[1203,1319,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">U. teevani</emphasis>
it is more swollen with a globular shape, whilst in
<taxonomicName id="56B15D8AFFEAFFD1FDC6FDC6FCEAFB62" box="[610,785,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rhynchotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutissimus">
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FDC6FDC6FCEAFB62" box="[610,785,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">R. nasutissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is distinctly fusiform. The enteric valve is asymmetric, consisting of four cushions well ornamented with slender and curved spines in
<emphasis id="A3C5FA1BFFEAFFD1FBA8FDAAFB84FB3E" box="[1036,1151,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">U. teevani</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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