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Genus
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FF6A7426FDA1BC42" authority="Hirst, 1925" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1925" box="[238,564,1069,1095]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF6A7426FE36BC42" bold="true" box="[238,419,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FE2E7426FDA1BC42" author="Hirst, S." box="[426,564,1069,1095]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="609" refId="ref62289" refString="Hirst, S. (1925) The adult form of the &quot; harvest bug &quot;. Nature, 116, 609." type="journal article" year="1925">Hirst, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FF13747FFDCFBC8C" author="Hirst, S." box="[151,602,1139,1162]" page="60" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1925">
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FF13747FFDCFBC8C" authority="Hirst, 1925: 60" authorityName="Hirst" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,602,1139,1162]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Trombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Neotrombicula">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF13747FFE2DBC8F" box="[151,440,1140,1162]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Trombicula (Neotrombicula)</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FE3B7478FDCFBC8C" author="Hirst, S." box="[447,602,1139,1161]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="609" refId="ref62289" refString="Hirst, S. (1925) The adult form of the &quot; harvest bug &quot;. Nature, 116, 609." type="journal article" year="1925">Hirst, 1925: 60</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF137499FB1FBCC2" blockId="40.[151,1435,1139,1254]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AC11A6CD54FFD1FF137499FB1FBCC2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FF137499FD1BBCAD" author="Womersley, H. &amp; Audy, J. R." box="[151,654,1170,1192]" page="267" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1957">
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FF137499FD1BBCAD" authority=", Womersley &amp; Audy 1957: 267" authorityName="Womersley &amp; Audy" authorityPageNumber="267" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,654,1170,1192]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF137499FEA1BCAD" box="[151,308,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FEBB7499FD1BBCAD" author="Womersley, H. &amp; Audy, J. R." box="[319,654,1170,1192]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="231 - 296" refId="ref68069" refString="Womersley, H. &amp; Audy, J. R. (1957) Malaysian Parasites XXVII. The Trombiculidae (Acarina) of the Asiatic-Pacific region: a revised and annotated list of the species in Womersley (1952), with descriptions of larvae and nymphs. Studies from the Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, 28, 231 - 296." type="journal article" year="1957">Womersley &amp; Audy 1957: 267</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FD197499FC5FBCAD" author="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H." box="[669,970,1170,1192]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="469 - 471" refId="ref66964" refString="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. (1960) Introduction a un essai de classification rationelle des larves de Trombiculinae Ewing, 1944 (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 2, 469 - 471." type="journal article" year="1960">Vercammen-Grandjean 1960</bibRefCitation>
: tabl.;
<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FB937499FA9EBCAD" author="Kudryashova, N. I." box="[1047,1291,1170,1192]" page="48" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FB937499FA9EBCAD" author="Kudryashova, N. I." box="[1047,1291,1170,1192]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="5 - 112" refId="ref63715" refString="Kudryashova, N. I. (1979) The contemporary state of study of trombiculid mites (Acariformes, Trombiculidae) of the USSR fauna. Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki, Zooparazitologiya, 5, 5 - 112. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1979">Kudryashova 1979: 48</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Vercammen- Grandjean &amp;
<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FED574BAFDBCBCC2" author="Kolebinova, M. G." box="[337,553,1201,1223]" page="68" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FED574BAFDBCBCC2" author="Kolebinova, M. G." box="[337,553,1201,1223]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="21 - 26" refId="ref63269" refString="Kolebinova, M. G. (1985) Trombiculidae larvae (Acarina, Trombiculidae) parasitizing on rodents from genus Apodemus Kaup in Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 27, 21 - 26. [In Bulgarian]" type="journal article" year="1985">Kolebinova 1985: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FDB774BAFCBCBCC2" author="Kudryashova, N. I." box="[563,809,1201,1223]" page="173" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FDB774BAFCBCBCC2" author="Kudryashova, N. I." box="[563,809,1201,1223]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref64009" refString="Kudryashova, N. I. (1998) Chigger mites (Acariformes, Trombiculidae) of East Palaearctics. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 342 pp. [In Russian]" type="book" year="1998">Kudryashova 1998: 173</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="111D1099CD54FFD1FCB074BAFB10BCC2" author="Fernandes S. J. &amp; Kulkarni, S. M." box="[820,1157,1201,1223]" page="266" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FCB074BAFB10BCC2" author="Fernandes S. J. &amp; Kulkarni, S. M." box="[820,1157,1201,1223]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 539" refId="ref61984" refString="Fernandes S. J., S. &amp; Kulkarni, S. M. (2003) Studies on the trombiculid mite fauna of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 212, 1 - 539." type="journal article" year="2003">Fernandes &amp; Kulkarni 2003: 266</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A66503CD54FFD1FF1374DBFD6CBCE0" box="[151,761,1232,1254]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF1374DBFD6CBCE0" blockId="40.[151,1435,1139,1254]" box="[151,761,1232,1254]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="4F07882ACD54FFD1FF1374DBFF5EBCE0" box="[151,203,1232,1253]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FEA274DBFDF6BCE3" authority="Shaw, 1790" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1790" box="[294,611,1232,1254]" class="Arachnida" family="Acaridae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="autumnalis">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FEA274DBFE70BCE3" box="[294,485,1232,1254]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Acarus autumnalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FE6E74DBFDF6BCE3" author="Shaw, G." box="[490,611,1232,1254]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="42" refId="ref65857" refString="Shaw, G. (1790) The autumnal acarus or harvest-bug. In: Shaw, G. &amp; Nodder, F. P. The naturalist's miscellany, London, pl. 42." type="book chapter" year="1790">Shaw, 1790</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D8A66503CD54FFD1FF137519FC18BD77" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF137519FC18BD77" blockId="40.[151,1436,1298,1970]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF137519FE84BD2E" bold="true" box="[151,273,1298,1323]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
SIF = 7BS-N(B)-3-(13)111.(03)(0-2)0(01); fPp = B/B/N(B)N(B)B(N); fCx = 1.1(2).1(2); fSt = 2.2(4). Eyes 2 + 2. Scutum nearly pentagonal, rarely hexagonal, with rounded posterior margin, without anterolateral shoulders. Sensilla flagelliform, usually branched in distal part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A66503CD54FFD1FF437574FDEBBD93" box="[199,638,1406,1431]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF437574FDEBBD93" blockId="40.[151,1436,1298,1970]" box="[199,638,1406,1431]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF437574FE84BD92" bold="true" box="[199,273,1407,1431]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Hosts.</emphasis>
Mammals, birds, rarely reptiles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A66503CD54FFD1FF4375A9FD8DBDDB" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF4375A9FC9BBDBF" blockId="40.[151,1436,1298,1970]" box="[199,782,1442,1467]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF4375A9FEF5BDBE" bold="true" box="[199,352,1442,1467]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
Worldwide, mainly in Holarctic zone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF4375CDFD8DBDDB" blockId="40.[151,1436,1298,1970]" box="[199,536,1478,1503]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF4375CDFE07BDDA" bold="true" box="[199,402,1478,1503]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Species included.</emphasis>
About 150.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A66503CD54FFD1FF4375E0FEE9BFB7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="90033688CD54FFD1FF4375E0FEE9BFB7" blockId="40.[151,1436,1298,1970]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FF4375E0FEAEBE06" bold="true" box="[199,315,1515,1539]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
Authors of the last revision of
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FD1D75E0FAD1BE07" authority="(Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova 1985)" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[665,1348,1514,1539]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FD1D75E0FCD5BE06" box="[665,832,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FCCA75E1FAA9BE07" author="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G." box="[846,1340,1514,1538]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 78" refId="ref67213" refString="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G. (1985) Revision of Neotrombicula complex (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 29, 65 - 78." type="journal article" year="1985">Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
significantly expanded this genus by including some genera closely related to it (e.g.
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FB947605FB1CBE23" authorityName="Schluger and Vysotzkaya" authorityYear="1970" box="[1040,1161,1550,1574]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Hirsutiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FB947605FB1CBE23" box="[1040,1161,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hirsutiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FB457605FEEABE4F" authority="Brennan and Jones, 1959" authorityName="Brennan and Jones" authorityYear="1959" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Hoffmannina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FB457605FAC0BE23" box="[1217,1365,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hoffmannina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FAD87604FEEABE4F" author="Brennan, J. M. &amp; Jones, E. K." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="7 - 16" refId="ref61349" refString="Brennan, J. M. &amp; Jones, E. K. (1959) Keys to the chiggers of North America with synonymic notes and descriptions of two new genera (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 52, 7 - 16." type="journal article" year="1959">Brennan and Jones, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). In their system,
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FDCD7638FD65BE4E" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[585,752,1587,1611]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FDCD7638FD65BE4E" box="[585,752,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 11 subgenera. According to
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FB297639FA02BE4F" author="Kudryashova, N. I." box="[1197,1431,1586,1610]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref64009" refString="Kudryashova, N. I. (1998) Chigger mites (Acariformes, Trombiculidae) of East Palaearctics. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 342 pp. [In Russian]" type="book" year="1998">Kudryashova (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, this taxonomic decision increased the artificial nature of the genus. She considered
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FBD0765DFB6EBE6B" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1108,1275,1622,1646]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FBD0765DFB6EBE6B" box="[1108,1275,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FABB765CFF4ABE97" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">in sensu stricto</emphasis>
, with three subgenera differing in the presence of additional mastisetae on leg III:
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FB267670FADCBE96" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1186,1353,1659,1683]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FB267670FADCBE96" box="[1186,1353,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
posess only 1 (rarely 0) mastitarsala;
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FE627695FDFDBEB3" box="[486,616,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Digenualea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FDEB7695FC2DBEB3" author="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H." box="[623,952,1694,1718]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="469 - 471" refId="ref66964" refString="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. (1960) Introduction a un essai de classification rationelle des larves de Trombiculinae Ewing, 1944 (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 2, 469 - 471." type="journal article" year="1960">Vercammen-Grandjean, 1960</bibRefCitation>
always posess 1 mastifemorala, 1 mastitibiala and 13 mastitarsalae;
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FE4376C8FDF2BEDE" box="[455,615,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Polymasticula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FDEA76C9FBE4BEDF" author="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G." box="[622,1137,1730,1754]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 78" refId="ref67213" refString="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G. (1985) Revision of Neotrombicula complex (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 29, 65 - 78." type="journal article" year="1985">Vercammen-Grandjean and Kolebinova, 1985</bibRefCitation>
has 12 mastitibialae, 13 mastitarsalae, but has no mastifemorala.
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FDE076EDFCA8BEFB" author="Stekolnikov, A. A." box="[612,829,1766,1790]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="407 - 412" refId="ref66167" refString="Stekolnikov, A. A. (2000) A new subgenus and species of the chigger mite genus Neotrombicula (Acari: Trombiculidae). Acarologia, 40, 407 - 412." type="journal article" year="2000">Stekolnikov (2000)</bibRefCitation>
proposed, in addition, a new subgenus
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FB7A76EDFF2EBF26" authorityName="Stekol Nikov" authorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Iranotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FB7A76EDFF2EBF26" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Iranotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, for the group of 5 closely related species, but he had not considered the taxonomic structure of
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FB717700FA09BF26" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1269,1436,1803,1827]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FB717700FA09BF26" box="[1269,1436,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in full.
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FF697725FDC7BF43" author="Fernandes S. J. &amp; Kulkarni, S. M." box="[237,594,1838,1862]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 539" refId="ref61984" refString="Fernandes S. J., S. &amp; Kulkarni, S. M. (2003) Studies on the trombiculid mite fauna of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 212, 1 - 539." type="journal article" year="2003">Fernandes and Kulkarni (2003)</bibRefCitation>
also do not follow the system of
<bibRefCitation id="F42D4B79CD54FFD1FC5E7725FF74BF6F" author="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 78" refId="ref67213" refString="Vercammen-Grandjean, P. H. &amp; Kolebinova, M. G. (1985) Revision of Neotrombicula complex (Acarina, Trombiculidae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 29, 65 - 78." type="journal article" year="1985">Vercammen-Grandjean and Kolebinova (1985)</bibRefCitation>
and do not use any subgeneric distinction of
<taxonomicName id="57BC4D0BCD54FFD1FD777758FC0FBF6E" baseAuthorityName="Vercammen-Grandjean &amp; Kolebinova" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[755,922,1875,1899]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Neotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2C8EA9ACD54FFD1FD777758FC0FBF6E" box="[755,922,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at all. Here we also omit subgeneric names, implying that only thorough and complete new revision of this large chigger genus may constitute the base for its rational subdivision.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>