149 lines
18 KiB
XML
149 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="6056" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3776e555-85f5-46ed-8ea1-98ca6a147ede" ID-PMC="PMC8222199" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1044-609" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" ID-PubMed="34183888" ID-ZooBank="66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1044-609" checkinTime="1623875354053" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M. & Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2021" docId="16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1044: 609-720" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1044" docPubDate="2021-06-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" docTitle="Coptoborus Hopkins 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" lastPageNumber="609" masterDocId="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)" masterLastPageNumber="720" masterPageNumber="609" pageNumber="609" updateTime="1732640463041" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1F5E10DC6CE86CBE5822120BC51590EE">
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<mods:title id="ADBB6BCB0333E3E50965CE8BC900BD7D">A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6381BB9E5E720BB8ACFE7D63994541D1">Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2EA1A3D85E885C0E4B03695FF08F1EA">Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DB492020C9DD84F4799AD0C4D8EFB47A" type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8BF5D2044E4D6F5BAC4FB1CE5276CEB7">Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F0A634F5507132F463B27D0A8E233605">Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="957C1404E7C6709B1334185D64B5022F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CF61CF8AB844902DDDD373A5BA599A13">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A026C908B345524AD9435BDE07BB6786">
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<mods:date id="DD6A3F0FBA7FC6C5B585612CA62063A8">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9B65DC6F7B28876EEB60DE8D14CBC439">2021-06-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9D88EBA83E34F5803E74083719AFC192">1044</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="EDF0671C4B70EA9D4797D8B9A6437662">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E1EF5CF0258745E6A767D4BD5C86FEC4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C69BC0145BCC1B47EA0BC5CD7EB9FFD7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182753843" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0" lastPageNumber="609" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Scolytinae">
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<subSubSection id="4F317B59BF18A609680BB4D4C718BFE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5FF2066E4AD5D1A347245B3ACCB5CDAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<taxonomicName id="CC9551542E445E0CEA7C920EF3D49E2C" ID-CoL="8HDYP" LSID="16C83EC5-647E-5FF0-9F72-EC256DB4FFB0" authority="Hopkins, 1915" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptoborus Hopkins, 1915</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BCE328E2B4324C705BFCD69D9D0A3E2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="5798DBE20E270141C000B4A781976008" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB05AAA9B13A8D15E9037C7103CEC821" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<taxonomicName id="60562D6DC2EE822D1C63A2D1991C96D4" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus vespatorius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespatorius">
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<emphasis id="C77E77CAB0A5E922599BDAC08780F814" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Xyleborus vespatorius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schedl, 1931; original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="77F01A2371BDD2A6553AA309EA2739C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="573AB6E475BCEA03FA9BE2A4B4DFF057" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="810D39F59ACDC026EAE60505323E4A07" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<taxonomicName id="E32808D45C305EDE04C4781A3D84DCE9" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CDD16A21591F47E4976DDF02BD060482" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName id="320F1EA752B4212BDCC4D77E6B9EBFB8" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1876" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="tribe" tribe="Xyleborini">Xyleborini</taxonomicName>
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genera by the following combination of characters: antennal funicle four-segmented, antennal club type 3, 4 or 2 (typically type 3) with two (rarely three) arcuate sutures visible on the posterior face, club round or longer than wide, posterior face of the protibiae flat and unarmed, both elytral discal striae and interstriae uniseriate punctate, anterior margin of pronotum typically weakly produced with a row of serrations, pronotal disc alutaceous, procoxae contiguous, scutellum small, flush with elytral surface and mycangial tufts absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C45D9008CA19CD21C59A42BC39A7474" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<taxonomicName id="F47DC8283B0EC55DE5C8C3ECDC08EEF4" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="17DC48A0983F25B85FC036A9E9F62552" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="1C0692975B7CFC0603927CEF477A5BA8" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F6C0B8FCA17CC16E0F58567921852846" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hopkins, 1915, and like
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<taxonomicName id="C075AF2259CF72E9687EB5BFD96C0D1E" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="360142743D061C21CD484E9C5FDD4AEE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is diagnosed by a combination of homoplastic characters (
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<bibRefCitation id="D3C46DA116D112786BFDDAB2EDB08DC8" author="Smith, SM" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" publicationUrl="https://idtools.org/id/wbb/sea-ambrosia/" refId="B74" refString="Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, Cognato, AI, Hulcr, J, Redford, AJ, 2019a. Southeast Asian Ambrosia Beetle ID. USDA APHIS Identification Technology Program (ITP) and Michigan State University. Fort Collins, CO. [15 November 2020.] https://idtools.org/id/wbb/sea-ambrosia/" title="Southeast Asian Ambrosia Beetle ID. USDA APHIS Identification Technology Program (ITP) and Michigan State University. Fort Collins, CO. [15 November 2020.]" url="https://idtools.org/id/wbb/sea-ambrosia/" year="2019 a">Smith et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="DC7E68EF9457ADF2F0813B6A5EF71344" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" author="Smith, SM" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 442" refId="B76" refString="Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, Cognato, AI, 2020. A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China. ZooKeys 983: 1 - 442, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" title="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" volume="983" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
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). Both genera have the posterior face of the antennal club with 2 or 3 arcuate sutures near the apex.
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<taxonomicName id="97CB617B4700DAC4A3371ECB8F4157C0" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A49B4DB105181130DB0FB7AFA57449A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species typically have a subquadrate or quadrate pronotum (types 3, 4, 8) but some species do have rounded anterior margins like
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<taxonomicName id="D7D15BA344197B548CF03D6E33B2888E" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0502EFBFA0BEFCE6632358F8E2798D9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(types 2, 7). All
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<taxonomicName id="A1F0650EABE10B12AE30D7A174CDACAE" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="74B76EDE447C6F280DFA845A4431AA0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Coptoborus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have rounded anterior margins of the pronotum (types 7, 2, 1 or 9) (except
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<taxonomicName id="8798F8FAC666007D19C9ECB9BD3A0A0C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. obtusicornis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusicornis">
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<emphasis id="433FD259D14971773689871026A967A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. obtusicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(type b) which is conspicuously elongate and acuminate frontally), and most have the median area of the pronotum weakly produced and bearing a row of serrations, usually 2-6.
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<taxonomicName id="E16088F9E3371677758DDCD2A90C4D11" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euwallacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euwallacea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="41F515466EF79642DD2F24DEF739F36E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Euwallacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with rounded anterior margins of the pronotum always lack serrations, have semi-circular protibiae with evenly rounded outer edge (except obliquely triangular in
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<taxonomicName id="0C2230588F1CDF67C27ECDC5E2FEE4EE" lsidName="E. luctuosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="luctuosus">
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<emphasis id="FED0A4882F198818A1E65E9B8A53801B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">E. luctuosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Eggers, 1939)) and a posterolateral costa that extends to at interstriae 7 (except inconspicuous, short in
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<taxonomicName id="5D585E312E4D06DD45A1176527B59978" lsidName="E. luctuous" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="luctuous">
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<emphasis id="9450025D72741C4C5B8C2092E6F53193" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">E. luctuous</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06F5DD55B2F07610824D5A68EF4D9B82" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D141373182951BEF97C26B579C2CA759" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Revised description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C926A563AEBEE452552B312B0A866C9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<emphasis id="3643FF5F94B1037B85AE5C82E912FD84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Female.</emphasis>
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Length 1.4-3.6 mm and 2.1-4.3
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<normalizedToken id="E544BD108DE8BC9FFDBD1D86170A53B5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Body nearly glabrous to densely setose; color variable, light to dark brown, red brown to nearly black; legs and antennae yellow brown to red brown. Appearing very stout to slender, elytra rather variable, appearing round, attenuate, or acuminate. Mycangial tufts absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="37D3AAB9021AF8E778B6DFEDABE2B330" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<emphasis id="A3D9D98F6A8DF9E8FE6D56E9BE6FD51D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
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<emphasis id="8C8FBAA679BE416914F18A1617E6315A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Head</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Epistoma entire, transverse, lined with a row of hair-like setae. Frons slightly convex from epistoma to upper level of eyes; surface shagreened, dull, reticulate; punctures small, fine, shallow. Eyes broadly or narrowly emarginate above level of antennal insertion, upper portion of eyes smaller than lower part. Submentum slightly or deeply impressed below genae, narrowly or broadly triangular. Scape short and thick or long and thick, about as long as club. Antennal funicle four-segmented, segments equal in size. Pedicle shorter than funicle or as long as funicle. Club variable, either obliquely truncate, type 2, approximately circular, segment 1 corneous, transverse or weakly convex on anterior face, nearly covering all of posterior face; segment 2 slightly procurved, corneous, visible on anterior and posterior faces of club or club flattened, types 3 or 4 (rarely obliquely truncate and type 2), approximately circular or longer than wide, segment 1 corneous, transverse or sinuate on anterior face, with segments 1, 2, and rarely 3 visible on posterior face.
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<emphasis id="0FB6059526B367D95FFE86910944CD12" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Pronotum</emphasis>
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: 0.8-1.75
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<normalizedToken id="C41A7637C7489B733AE3A4A59394C6B1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Pronotum from lateral view typically elongate with disc as long or slightly longer than anterior slope (type 7), taller than basic (type 2), or round (type 1), rarely basic (type 0) or elongate with disc much longer than anterior slope (type 8). In dorsal view typically rounded frontally and long (type 7), basic and parallel-sided (type 2), rarely rounded (type 1) or rounded frontally and very long (type 9) or conspicuously elongate and angulate frontally (type b), anterior margin of pronotum typically weakly produced with a row of 2-6 serrations. Surface alutaceous, anterior slope finely asperate, asperities close, arranged in concentric rings from midpoint of pronotum to anterior and anterolateral areas; disc finely and evenly punctate. Lateral margins variable, obliquely costate, carinate on basal third or along entire length. Posterior angles acutely rounded. Base transverse.
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<emphasis id="BAB82671CD695BBCEEF13FD7C2FB7DD7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Elytra</emphasis>
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: 1.2-2.5
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<normalizedToken id="AD7B6A0B4A02D9847D7924F95BB140FC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Elytral base transverse, margin oblique; humeral angles rounded. Scutellum small to minute, triangular or linguiform, flat, flush with elytra. Elytral shape quite variable, sides straight between basal 42-88%. Disc convex, longer than declivity, rarely as long as declivity. Disc smooth, shiny, finely punctate; striae not impressed, interstrial punctures seriate, or confused (rare). Declivity variable. Posterolateral margin of declivity typically with interstriae 3 and 9 joining, forming a carina and continuing submarginally to apex, but may also be costa, or carinate from suture to interstriae 2, 7, or 8.
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<emphasis id="4831AA54A1DBCBFFE01D279C28EEA97A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Legs</emphasis>
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: Procoxae contiguous. Protibiae obliquely triangular, broadest at apical third, or distinctly triangular, or with evenly rounded outer margin, posterior face flat, unarmed; 5-8 denticles present on outer margin. Meso- and metatibiae obliquely triangular, flattened, posterior face unarmed with 6-12 and 6-11 denticles, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |