162 lines
19 KiB
XML
162 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="2276A414B48440654123E3EBC7C4310D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171981" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171981" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459761366646" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rafael, José Albertino & Cumming, Jeffrey M." docDate="2006" docId="163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01136p064.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1136" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Macrostomus occidentalis Rafael & Cumming, 2006, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="EA0223353467FFE0FFFFC949FFC1465D" masterDocTitle="New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1698215234110" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4407D684184EACD42C584732BFF411CC">
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<mods:title id="41E6E4C819AB465163C04894C7D9BC81">New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="495B00CF52E70C0F4160A1F9DEB1ABF2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="009DEE7DE4E5FA43CD7036115DF53D0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3F0C167A74CC1211BC2CFE28F55A22C8">Rafael, José Albertino</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8A8AEA64FA343EA9CD38C7A88C45EF5">Cumming, Jeffrey M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E9844D7F0E8B053FB0A1A9F8A45A7FBB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BB41D128E70EBC39DF9391B6D5104921">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5AC55398C14804CBE08E86345CE07F9B">
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<mods:date id="5ED96619A2AF89BC7803C8AD76987C31">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3D58B02ADCDC4027A1119CA61F0AC8F6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="77C19405C358B8B8FD4C1AA3E7A1ACF3">1136</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1DC9A993196F6126FAC7160433894CA1">49</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="980CD140FF4CAF9C31ECB94F4D47CC37" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171981</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DBA4C37FE822CDAB07599760B7C0FA04" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DFA9B3125BC219436D8023EEA3F72BDE" type="Zenodo-Dep">171981</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6493794" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119344968" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6493794" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="D688B9D03461FFE6FEF7CF6FFE134039" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B3461FFE6FEF7CF6FFD52401D" blockId="6.[264,659,1574,1636]" box="[264,659,1574,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="C5655D373461FFE6FEF7CF6FFD52401D" bold="true" box="[264,659,1574,1600]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="ACE636493461FFE6FEF7CF6FFD52401D" bold="true" box="[264,659,1574,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="599291D83461FFE6FEF7CF6FFD82401D" ID-CoL="3XBB8" box="[264,579,1574,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ACE636493461FFE6FEF7CF6FFD82401D" bold="true" box="[264,579,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Macrostomus occidentalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7D58B323461FFE6FDAECF6FFD52401D" box="[593,659,1574,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B3461FFE6FEF7CF03FE134039" blockId="6.[264,659,1574,1636]" box="[264,466,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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(
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE3461FFE6FEEECF03FE5E4039" box="[273,415,1610,1636]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="8.[264,382,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[289,1297,326,834]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Macrostomus occidentalis, n. sp., holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE3461FFE6FE54CF03FE0B4039" box="[427,458,1610,1636]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,846,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[264,1323,846,1717]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 40. Distributions of new species of Macrostomus. Symbols represent the known collection localities as follows: square = M. alpinus; diamond = M. ciliaticosta; circle = M. lineatus; star = M. occidentalis; triangle = M. penai; cross = M. tarsalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171989/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">40</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D688B9D03461FFE9FEF7CFD3FE6044B3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B3461FFE6FEF7CFD3FB8B416C" blockId="6.[264,1322,1690,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis. Postcranium black dorsally, rather yellow ventrally; thorax, abdomen and legs predominantly yellow; male fore tarsomeres 1–3 light brown, not white distally; hind tarsomere 1 with 7 slender dorsal setae; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally; male tergite 8 acute distally with apex rather blunt.</paragraph>
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<caption id="CAEDBAD33460FFE7FEF7CFEAFDC3411B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[306,1282,329,1674]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B3460FFE7FEF7CFEAFDC3411B" blockId="7.[264,1323,1698,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="ACE636493460FFE7FEF7CFEAFE0A40E6" bold="true" box="[264,459,1699,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 12–19</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="599291D83460FFE7FE24CFEDFD0940E6" box="[475,712,1700,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ACE636493460FFE7FE24CFEDFD0940E6" box="[475,712,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Macrostomus lineatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7D58B323460FFE7FD26CFEDFCD440E6" box="[729,789,1700,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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holotype ɗ and paratype Ψ. 12, male wing; 13, male tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 14, male terminalia, lateral view, internal apex of epandrium in detail; 15, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view; 16, female wing; 17, female tergite 8 and sternite 8, lateral view; 18, female sternite 8, ventral view, left setae not represented; 19, female genital fork.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="CAEDBAD3346FFFE8FEF7CA15FE8045E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" targetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346FFFE8FEF7CA15FE8045E7" blockId="8.[264,1323,858,954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346FFFE8FEF7CA15FE0A4529" bold="true" box="[264,459,860,884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">FIGURES 20–22</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="599291D8346FFFE8FE25CA15FD35452E" box="[474,756,860,883]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346FFFE8FE25CA15FD35452E" box="[474,756,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Macrostomus occidentalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7D58B32346FFFE8FCFBCA15FC80452E" box="[772,833,860,883]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346FFFE8FEC7CD59FCFF4080" blockId="8.[264,1323,1040,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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Description. Male. Frons approximately onethird of anterior ocellus width. Face slightly wider than frons only at apex. 1 pair of ocellar setae. Postcranium black dorsally, yellow ventrally. Postgena with slender setae. Antennae black with scape and pedicel yellow; flagellum trisegmented. Palpus yellow. Thorax yellow with yellow to graybrown pruinescence. 4 dorsocentral setae; 1 presutural supraalar seta; no postsutural supraalar seta; 3 notopleural setae; 2 pairs of scutellar setae; 3–5 antepronotal setae; 1–3 tiny proepisternal setae; 3–5 katatergital setae. Legs entirely yellow with apex of hind femur and all tarsi slightly light brown. Slightly stronger setae: hind femur with 5–6 anteroventral subapical stronger. Slender setae: hind trochanter with 1 posterior long and slender; hind tibia with 7 dorsal; hind tarsomere 1 with 7 dorsal. Wing with costal margin and pterostigma inconspicuously light browninfuscated; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally. Halter yellow with knob slightly brown. Abdomen yellow with dorsal half of terminalia black. Terminalia. Tergite 8 (
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE346FFFE8FBC8CCB2FB504048" box="[1079,1169,1531,1557]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="8.[264,382,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[289,1297,326,834]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Macrostomus occidentalis, n. sp., holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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) with rather blunt projection distally. Epandrium (
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE346FFFE8FD42CF6AFCD34060" box="[701,786,1571,1597]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="8.[264,382,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[289,1297,326,834]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Macrostomus occidentalis, n. sp., holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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) with anterodorsal and posterodorsal lobes of subequal length. Anterior cercus (
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE346FFFE8FD6ECF02FD244038" box="[657,741,1611,1637]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="8.[264,382,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[289,1297,326,834]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Macrostomus occidentalis, n. sp., holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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) rather elongate; posterior cercus with bifid apex, slender anterodorsal setae and a small inconspicuous simple protuberance at margin. Hypandrium (
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE346FFFE8FE53CFD2FDC340E8" box="[428,514,1691,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="8.[264,382,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,326,834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[289,1297,326,834]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Macrostomus occidentalis, n. sp., holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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) membranous at posterior basal half, without strong setae and with a rather membranous paired protuberance distally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346FFFE8FEC7CFA2FDD94158" blockId="8.[264,1323,1040,1877]" box="[312,536,1771,1797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Female. unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346FFFE8FEC7CE5AFCCE4170" blockId="8.[264,1323,1040,1877]" box="[312,783,1811,1837]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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Size. Body not measured; wing
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<quantity id="596A47BE346FFFE8FD51CE5AFCCA4170" box="[686,779,1811,1837]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346FFFE8FEC7CE72FC7E4108" blockId="8.[264,1323,1040,1877]" box="[312,959,1851,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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Geographical distribution.
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<collectingCountry id="E685AACB346FFFE8FD8DCE72FD274108" box="[626,742,1851,1877]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(Cauca) (
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<figureCitation id="06A9F6DE346FFFE8FCA6CE72FC734108" box="[857,946,1851,1877]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="14.[264,368,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,846,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[264,1323,846,1717]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 40. Distributions of new species of Macrostomus. Symbols represent the known collection localities as follows: square = M. alpinus; diamond = M. ciliaticosta; circle = M. lineatus; star = M. occidentalis; triangle = M. penai; cross = M. tarsalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171989/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346EFFE9FEC7C855FE0F4703" blockId="9.[264,1323,283,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
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Material.
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<typeStatus id="412954F9346EFFE9FE54C855FDD9476B" box="[427,536,284,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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ɗ:
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<collectingCountry id="E685AACB346EFFE9FDBAC855FD23476B" box="[581,738,284,310]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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[Cauca], Buenaventura, xi.6.1950, Michelbacher and Ross (CAS).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346EFFE9FEC7C825FB0B47DB" blockId="9.[264,1323,283,750]" box="[312,1226,364,390]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
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<typeStatus id="412954F9346EFFE9FEC7C825FE6447DB" box="[312,421,364,390]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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condition. Left antenna and left mid leg lost. Abdomen in glycerine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346EFFE9FEC7C8DDFE9B478B" blockId="9.[264,1323,283,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
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Etymology. From Latin
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FDA6C8DDFD0147F0" box="[601,704,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">occidens</emphasis>
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= west, in reference to the distribution, west of the Andes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E2DEA5B346EFFE9FEC7C8ADFE6044B3" blockId="9.[264,1323,283,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
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Discussion.
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<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FE32C8ADFD4947A0" box="[461,648,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FE32C8ADFD4947A0" box="[461,648,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M. occidentalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears related to
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<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FC7EC8ADFB0547A3" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[897,1220,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FC7EC8ADFBF747A0" box="[897,1078,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M. ferrugineus</emphasis>
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(Fabricius)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FAF4C8ADFE3A447B" authority="Curran" authorityName="Curran" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvithorax">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FAF4C8ADFE494478" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M. fulvithorax</emphasis>
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(Curran)
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</taxonomicName>
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which all possess a rather long and truncate tergite 8 projection (although shorter and more acuminate in
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<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FCE9CB7DFC0A4410" box="[790,971,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
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<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FCE9CB7DFC0A4410" box="[790,971,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M. ferrugineus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, shorter and truncate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FAF4CB7DFE494428" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvithorax">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FAF4CB7DFE494428" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M. fulvithorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="599291D8346EFFE9FE5DCB15FD964428" box="[418,599,604,630]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FE5DCB15FE7B4428" box="[418,442,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACE63649346EFFE9FE36CB15FD964428" box="[457,599,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from both in the structure of the male genitalia and in the postcranium, which lacks a dorsal shinning spot (present in the other two species), as well as in hind tarsomere 1, which bears 7 slender dorsal setae (maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="596A47BE346EFFE9FB72CBE5FB7B449B" box="[1165,1210,684,710]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
the other two species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |