125 lines
12 KiB
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125 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="2795329D1AEDC2E1DA19D409D7B1DBB2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5602576" ID-ZooBank="7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1635316137745" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Singh, Navneet, Joshi, Rahul, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Bisht, Santosh Singh & Param, Harsimranjeet Singh" docDate="2021" docId="160487FBFFC65708A8E01F62C138F87A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5058.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5058 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Syntomini" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="EA3DFF83FFCA5704A877194DC041FF80" masterDocTitle="A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1731934495499" updateUser="julia">
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<mods:mods id="B4388D671C58A200B6AF002683558011" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AA190B15A57BEC7CD449B184A6475E4F">
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<mods:title id="4F5548C0ECA75435373EA205C4E55703">A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="5E277659D5B8E6A38328792AFF6ED0E4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6277ECF81CD429CB87CFE01C44C3DA09">
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<mods:roleTerm id="18B6B943EE7346A84B24B96022ED44D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="98F9FE867067724A19222DD8F2A03ECA">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role id="FEB7C25D87CDEE16E9366534E089C4E3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B77068AA89020877950E0DA54479CCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DC9A0F15C69C86299B3B9FF0778EC013">Joshi, Rahul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="CDE71478EBA026E658B4804CE0730448" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0E970C84926EB2DDAC3501627A4EBDA4">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8891589D6B7FABF49226B898BFE3D51F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="182442B637485AB05953E1F4F24E1E1F">Kirti, Jagbir Singh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="EF7775D2DE9DCB05F653E6277E9F0184" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6851382992DF89F1FA3C7B6EFED95FA0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1D19283845E0E52C679B03CDEE7B7A24">Bisht, Santosh Singh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1D03B6BE34DFF74DD9AC52E66434CF4D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AB50FAEBA1B094C438F671841BE2CDDE">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7603D0702237781B8CEDA61DA7648395">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="64C126D55A8C6F07FF7449ACA77CA61E">Param, Harsimranjeet Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="414D290E9059807D593C630B4065C8A5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7794B928409608135093514530504EF4">
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<mods:date id="0E4D0A952E76B2ED7E7F8F0F6452DE14">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC066092287A0C4C33164AACF0CD51B8">2021-10-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F0A6F9FDBF5764FAB054A55AD9978420" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C5713134669C3D0B574A9E1A53ABBC20">5058</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F074A31C22805C6884B34FA0A6ABC096">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="748AE05A79923FABE020C7469D2DBA8C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D12A6FF3C9AB4CF62F6D494398A7F7ED" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7236D171AE2151AEA505614000FDC634" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="46001023BA8E40334587BA2596DF29A1" type="Zenodo-Dep">5602576</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="160487FBFFC65708A8E01F62C138F87A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:160487FBFFC65708A8E01F62C138F87A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/160487FBFFC65708A8E01F62C138F87A" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="D6B76566FFC65708A8E01F62C159F9C9" box="[151,280,1583,1609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E1236EDFFC65708A8E01F62C159F9C9" blockId="12.[151,280,1583,1609]" box="[151,280,1583,1609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="C55A8181FFC65708A8E01F62C159F9C9" bold="true" box="[151,280,1583,1609]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708A8E01F62C159F9C9" box="[151,280,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708A8E01F62C159F9C9" bold="true" box="[151,280,1583,1609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Syntomini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D6B76566FFC65708A8E01F3AC1D1F8A2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9E1236EDFFC65708A8E01F3AC1D1F8A2" blockId="12.[151,1437,1655,2042]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708A8E01F3AC1E5F912" bold="true" box="[151,420,1655,1682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnostic characters:</emphasis>
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The
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708A9A81F35C215F912" box="[479,596,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">Syntomini</taxonomicName>
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often mimic
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708AA9A1F35C3C4F912" box="[749,901,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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with much smaller hindwings and reduction of wing veins through loss of M1, M2, one anal vein and sometimes one branch of CuA. Abdomen is ringed with yellow or white. The male retinaculum is often lost and the frenulum is often reduced. The larvae are distinguished by homoideous crochets in most groups (
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<bibRefCitation id="FA3C4B1CFFC65708AA301FA9C37DF97E" author="Holloway, J. D." box="[583,828,1764,1790]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref65309" refString="Holloway, J. D. (2001) The moths of Borneo. Part 7. Family Arctiidae, subfamily Lithosiinae. Malayan Nature Society, KualaLumpur, 486 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2008) 101 [40: LOANWN] 2.0. CO; 2" type="book" year="2001">
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Holloway
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708AAC81FA9C2B8F97E" box="[703,761,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
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2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In addition, the tymbal organs are reportedly lost or reduced in
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708A9631E45C1CDF8A2" box="[276,396,1800,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">Syntomini</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D6B76566FFC65708A8B01E66C138F87A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9E1236EDFFC65708A8B01E66C3C1F832" blockId="12.[151,1437,1655,2042]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708A8B01E66C245F8C5" bold="true" box="[199,516,1835,1862]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diversity and distribution:</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingCountry id="E6BA767DFFC65708AA5F1E61C225F8C6" box="[552,612,1836,1862]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708AA181E61C2A5F8C6" box="[623,740,1836,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">Syntomini</taxonomicName>
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are represented by 70 species and two subspecies in eight genera. Out of the eight genera, three contain single species, four are known by two to 20 species and only
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708AD521E1DC52FF8EA" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[1317,1390,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708AD521E1DC52FF8EA" box="[1317,1390,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Amata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a species rich genus with 40 species from
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<collectingCountry id="E6BA767DFFC65708AA201E39C2D0F80E" box="[599,657,1908,1934]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="06962A68FFC65708AAE81E39C2A2F80E" box="[671,739,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,931,955]" captionTargetBox="[183,1397,210,870]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[151,1436,179,905]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Species diversity of Indian Syntomini genera" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5602592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5602592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708AA8F1E39C32CF80E" box="[760,877,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">Syntomini</taxonomicName>
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is most diverse in North-East followed by Central Himalaya. No
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708A94C1ED5C1F1F832" box="[315,432,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Syntomini">Syntomini</taxonomicName>
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are recorded from Indian Desert (
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<figureCitation id="06962A68FFC65708AB5A1ED5C333F832" box="[813,882,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[340,1239,1016,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-35@14.[340,1247,1015,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution of Syntomini within the biogeographic zones/ subzones of India and among the records like ‘throughout India’, ‘North India’, and ‘India’" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5602594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5602594/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E1236EDFFC65708A8B01EF1C138F87A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1655,2042]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708A8B01EF1C112F856" bold="true" box="[199,339,1980,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Food plant:</emphasis>
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Many feed on algae, lichens, fungi and detritus. Others are flower- feeders (
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<taxonomicName id="59AD4D6EFFC65708ACC21EF1C4BFF856" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[1205,1278,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="ACD9EAFFFFC65708ACC21EF1C4BFF856" box="[1205,1278,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Amata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and a few of these are crop pests.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |