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<document id="9551C16598ACEDAEE1C8D22D9871EEC6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.439.1.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13873382" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727814493901" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Proćków, Jarosław" docDate="2020" docId="143E8A24FFC91349FF368676AF7204D1" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.439.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 439 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.1.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Juncus hondurensis J. Prockow. Flowers 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="E807F25CFFCB134CFFBE8759AD200319" masterDocTitle="Juncus hondurensis (Juncaceae), an endemic rush species new from Honduras" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1727816345711" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="F3622C2DA08E4CB50441D5C669D21BA4">Juncus hondurensis (Juncaceae), an endemic rush species new from Honduras</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="16BE9A9A11277018D67C3A4B380B4813">Proćków, Jarosław</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="75D430808CA9BD73CD7A9E1B8387B912">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="25C33C0EBC2DB15A6C326286D3196DCA">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="87C23D5868A3466DC948C8268D135835" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="30F4EFDB290051966D0B7FA306F8F22D">2020-04-15</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CDA40DF65C102BB4396C933C08D8902D" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.439.1.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D9D76B26E03B401866C81C703573F941" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="71A80FD9D7E03FA5BEA67710CA610277" type="Zenodo-Dep">13873382</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="143E8A24FFC91349FF368676AF7204D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13873380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:143E8A24FFC91349FF368676AF7204D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/143E8A24FFC91349FF368676AF7204D1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<subSubSection id="D48D68B9FFC9134EFF368676AFC10251" box="[136,737,302,329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC9134EFF368676AFC10251" blockId="2.[136,737,302,329]" box="[136,737,302,329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="C7608C5EFFC9134EFF368676AFC10251" box="[136,737,302,329]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC9134EFF368676ACD70251" ID-CoL="3QTSM" authority="J. Prockow" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,503,302,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFF368676AC520250" bold="true" box="[136,370,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
J. Proćków
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFDBC8676AF770251" box="[514,599,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B5D05A5BFFC9134EFDBC8676AF770251" box="[514,599,303,328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
—
<figureCitation id="04AC27B7FFC9134EFDCB8677AFFD0251" box="[629,733,302,328]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[136,229,1820,1842]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,229,1931,1953]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,229,2029,2051]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1435,386,1792]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,482,1907]" captionTargetBox-2="[217,1370,190,2004]" captionTargetId-0="figure-108@1.[151,1435,386,1792]" captionTargetId-1="figure-100@2.[151,1435,461,1907]" captionTargetId-2="figure-29@4.[217,1370,190,2004]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Juncus hondurensis J. Proćków. Flowers (A–D, F–G), fruit (A–D, F) and anthers (B, E–F). Images from the holotype (views of different heads on the plant). Red arrow indicates the insertion of the filament. Scale bars, 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Juncus hondurensis J. Proćków. Seeds (A–D). Images from the holotype." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Juncus hondurensis J. Proćków. The holotype sheet with the habit of the plants and magnifications of the inflorescence (middle right) and the bottom part of the plants (top left)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873384" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873390" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873392" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13873384/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13873390/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13873392/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D48D68B9FFC9134EFF368623AFE002AD" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC9134EFF368623AFE002AD" blockId="2.[136,1451,378,436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="E4807BA2FFC9134EFF688623AC7F0296" box="[214,351,378,399]" name="Honduras" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">HONDURAS</collectingCountry>
, Dep. de
<collectingRegion id="5E53F5D0FFC9134EFE068623AF550296" box="[440,629,378,400]" country="Honduras" name="Francisco Morazan" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Francisco Morazán</collectingRegion>
: Jutiapa,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC9134EFD708623AE2B0289" box="[718,779,378,400]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
<collectionCode id="FA86A3F7FFC9134EFCAE8623AE100296" box="[784,816,378,399]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14575" name="University of New England" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="Herbarium">NE</collectionCode>
de Tegucigalpa, bosque húmedo subtropical, pinares,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC9134EFA878623A8A20296" box="[1337,1410,378,399]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
alt.,
<date id="E8291DF2FFC9134EFF0386C7AC1F02AA" box="[189,319,414,435]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" value="1988-05-20">20 May 1988</date>
,
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFEF786C7ACEE02AA" box="[329,462,414,435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<collectionCode id="FA86A3F7FFC9134EFEF786C7AC7402AA" box="[329,340,414,435]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
. Padilla 604
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="432C8590FFC9134EFE6486C7AF1002AD" box="[474,560,414,436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="FA86A3F7FFC9134EFD8886C7AF7B02AA" box="[566,603,414,435]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">BM</collectionCode>
907052!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C8E86BBAFFC9134EFF3680D2AEE304BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13873390" box="[136,963,1931,1954]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13873390/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" startId="2.[136,229,1931,1953]" targetBox="[151,1435,482,1907]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC9134EFF3680D2AEE304BB" blockId="2.[136,963,1931,1954]" box="[136,963,1931,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFF3680D2ADDE04B9" bold="true" box="[136,254,1931,1953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC9134EFEBD80D5AF5404BB" authority="J. Prockow. Seeds" authorityName="J. Prockow. Seeds" box="[259,628,1932,1954]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFEBD80D5ACE004B8" box="[259,448,1932,1953]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
J. Proćków. Seeds
</taxonomicName>
(A–D). Images from the holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D48D68B9FFC91349FF368089A9510525" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC9134FFF368089A90A0005" blockId="2.[136,1452,2000,2062]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,1157]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC9134EFF368089AC3204F3" bold="true" box="[136,274,2000,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Description</emphasis>
:—Perennial, herbs,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC9134EFDBE8089AFA804F3" box="[512,648,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.875" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" unit="cm" value="38.75" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="37.5">37.5–40 cm</quantity>
tall (up to
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC9134EFCAC8089AE7A04F3" box="[786,858,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
—information from the label). Rhizome (probably) densely branching (
<figureCitation id="04AC27B7FFC9134EFED480ADAC910B17" box="[362,433,2036,2062]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,2029,2051]" captionTargetBox="[217,1370,190,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-29@4.[217,1370,190,2004]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Juncus hondurensis J. Proćków. The holotype sheet with the habit of the plants and magnifications of the inflorescence (middle right) and the bottom part of the plants (top left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13873392/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Culms erect,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC9134EFDDA80ADAFCE0B17" box="[612,750,2036,2062]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
diam., terete or somewhat angular (square) in some parts in x.s., weakly many-striate when dry. Cataphylls present but inconspicuous. Foliar leaves 1–2 basal and 1 cauline to each culm, lamina of basal leaves ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFD80879BAFA503C4" box="[574,645,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="19.0">19 cm</quantity>
long, of cauline leaves
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFC24879BA93A03C4" box="[922,1050,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="3.7" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6–4.8 cm</quantity>
long; sheaths of basal leaves ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFA23879BAD8A0218" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
long, of cauline leaves
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE0387BFAF1B0218" box="[445,571,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.3">3.3–4.8 cm</quantity>
long, margins scariose and terminating in two
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFBE987BFA9C00218" box="[1111,1248,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
long (ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFAEA87BFA88C0218" box="[1364,1452,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
in basal leaves), scariose, rounded auricles; basal blades
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFCAD8653AEBC023C" box="[787,924,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
diam., cauline blades
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFB208653A832023C" box="[1182,1298,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.0">1–1.3 mm</quantity>
diam., round to elliptic in x.s., nodulated by sometimes conspicuous septa, very close together, (1.5–)
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFBCA8677A9CA0250" box="[1140,1258,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2 mm</quantity>
apart (in cauline leaves). Inflorescence 7–13-headed, 1–2 times branched anthela, up to 9 ×
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFC57860BA9060274" box="[1001,1062,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
; heads semi-globose,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFA9C860BA88C0274" box="[1314,1452,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
diam., many-flowered; the ultimate head bearing branches
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFC98862FAE8E0288" box="[806,942,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
diam. Lower inflorescence bract
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFA93862FA88B0288" box="[1325,1451,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–3.4 cm</quantity>
long, resembling basal and cauline leaves but much shorter, distal bracts shorter, the ultimate ones scale-like and ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFF3686E7ADC102C0" box="[136,225,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
. long, floral bracts to ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE4186E7AF6002C0" box="[511,576,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, stramineous, with scariose margins. Inner tepals shorter than outer ones (sometimes only slightly), or rarely longer. Outer tepals 2.5–3(–3.3) mm long, inner tepals 2.3–2.6(–2.8) mm long, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, acute, castaneous or sometimes brownish-stramineous, margin scariose, outer tepals concave, inner ones slightly concave, sometimes slightly narrower than the outer ones. Stamens 6, (1.3–)
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFAE88573AD940170" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
long; anthers oblong to linear, (0.55–)
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFDDB8517AE2B0170" box="[613,779,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.75 mm</quantity>
long and usually shorter than the filament (rarely equalling them). Filaments (0.65–)0.75–0.85(–0.9) mm long. Capsule broadly ellipsoid to elongate-spherical, more cylindrical at the bottom (in x.s.), and three-lobed in the upper part (in x.s.), apically rounded and apiculate, (2.5–)2.7–2.9(–3) × (1.1–)1.6–1.9(–2) mm, (slightly) longer, equalling or (slightly) shorter than the tepals, light brown at the base and up to the middle, and dark brown at the apex (sometimes also lighter there), unilocular. Seeds narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, apiculate, (0.3–)0.4–0.44 ×
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE01845BAF440004" box="[447,612,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.21" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.21 mm</quantity>
, reticulate, 14–16-striate, yellow brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC8134FFF03847EAF5E079D" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFF03847EACBF0059" box="[189,415,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFF03847EACBF0059" box="[189,415,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
combines features not found together in any other species of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFB3B847EA9F30059" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1157,1235,807,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFB3B847EA9F30059" box="[1157,1235,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Juncus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Three species (
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFA26847EACDC007D" authority="Linnaeus (1753: 327)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="327" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFA26847EAC21007D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. articulatus</emphasis>
Linnaeus (1753: 327)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFDB68412AF4D007D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[520,621,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFDB68412AF4D007D" box="[520,621,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFDC58412AE38007D" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1822" box="[635,792,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ebracteatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFDC58412AE38007D" box="[635,792,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. ebracteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) belong to the group of rushes of section
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFB558413A852007D" box="[1259,1394,842,868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" rank="section" section="Ozophyllum">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFB558413A852007D" box="[1259,1394,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Ozophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with densely branching rhizomes and the acute and trigonous capsule longer than the tepals. In
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFB388436A83A0091" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1158,1306,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFB388436A83A0091" box="[1158,1306,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. articulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
capsules are broadly ovoid, dark castaneous to black, and in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFD1E84CAAE2600B5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[672,774,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFD1E84CAAE2600B5" box="[672,774,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
capsules are narrowly ovoid, light brown). In
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFAB084CAA88C00B5" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1822" box="[1294,1452,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ebracteatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFAB084CAA88C00B5" box="[1294,1452,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. ebracteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
capsules are extended into a
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE7C84EFAF3E00C8" box="[450,542,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
long beak that is terete. Capsules of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFC1184EEA97000C9" box="[943,1104,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFC1184EEA97000C9" box="[943,1104,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are, however, broadly ellipsoid to elongate-spherical, more cylindrical at the bottom (in x.s.), and three-lobed in the upper part (in x.s.), apically rounded and apiculate, light brown at the base and up to the middle, and dark brown at the apex (sometimes also lighter there); see
<tableCitation id="D1150E89FFC8134FFEBE837BAC730725" box="[256,339,1058,1084]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,1204,1228]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of Juncus hondurensis with J. articulatus, J. debilis and J. ebracteatus." pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFE67837AAF5A0725" box="[473,634,1058,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFE67837AAF5A0725" box="[473,634,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 6 stamens (vs. 3 stamens in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFC63837AA9620725" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[989,1090,1058,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFC63837AA9620725" box="[989,1090,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and its seeds are 14–16-striate, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, and smaller, (0.3–)0.4–0.44 ×
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFC94831FAEEC0778" box="[810,972,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.21" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.21 mm</quantity>
(vs. seeds 24–26-striate, ovoid, 0.45–0.6 ×
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFF368333AC0B079C" box="[136,299,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.26" valueMin="0.24">0.24–0.26 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFEF08332ACC2079D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[334,482,1130,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEF08332ACC2079D" box="[334,482,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. articulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); see
<tableCitation id="D1150E89FFC8134FFD9B8333AF58079D" box="[549,632,1130,1156]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,1204,1228]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of Juncus hondurensis with J. articulatus, J. debilis and J. ebracteatus." pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C8E86BBAFFC8134FFF3683EDA9A207D5" box="[136,1154,1204,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" startId="3.[136,224,1204,1228]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC8134FFF3683EDA9A207D5" blockId="3.[136,1154,1204,1228]" box="[136,1154,1204,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFF3683EDADDB07D5" bold="true" box="[136,251,1204,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparison of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFE1683ECAF5907D5" box="[424,633,1204,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFE1683ECAF5907D5" box="[424,633,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFD0983ECAE9107D5" box="[695,945,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFD0983ECAE6607D5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[695,838,1204,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatus">J. articulatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFCEF83ECAE9107D5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[849,945,1204,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debilis">J. debilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFC5B83ECA95E07D5" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1822" box="[997,1150,1204,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ebracteatus">J. ebracteatus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC8134FFEB383A8A8BB05EE" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<table id="EE97C992FFC8ECB3FF2E83A9A8850426" box="[144,1445,1264,1855]" gridcols="5" gridrows="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E83A9A885061F" box="[144,1445,1264,1286]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB383A9AFCC061F" box="[269,748,1264,1286]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFEB383A8ACB8061F" box="[269,408,1264,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB383A8ACB8061F" bold="true" box="[269,408,1264,1286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA83A9AECF061F" box="[772,1007,1264,1286]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFCBA83A8AE5C061C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[772,892,1264,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFCBA83A8AE5C061C" box="[772,892,1264,1286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. articulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FBBF83A9A9EA061F" box="[1025,1226,1264,1286]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFBBF83A8A973061C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[1025,1107,1264,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFBBF83A8A973061C" box="[1025,1107,1264,1286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FB6283A9A885061F" box="[1244,1445,1264,1286]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFB6283A8A87B061C" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1822" box="[1244,1371,1264,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ebracteatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFB6283A8A87B061C" box="[1244,1371,1264,1286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">J. ebracteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E8262A885066D" box="[144,1445,1339,1396]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FF2E8262ADDA066D" box="[144,250,1339,1396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Key feature</th>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB38262AFCC066D" box="[269,748,1339,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB38262AC66066D" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">The capsule longer, equalling or shorter than the tepals</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA8262A885066D" box="[772,1445,1339,1396]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">The capsule longer than the tepals</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E82FFA88506F9" box="[144,1445,1446,1504]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FF2E82FFADDA06F9" box="[144,250,1446,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Seeds</th>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB382FFAFCC06F9" box="[269,748,1446,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB382EEAF8F06D4" bold="true" box="[269,687,1463,1485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">14–16-striate, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA82FFAECF06F9" box="[772,1007,1446,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">24–26-striate, ovoid</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FBBF82FFA9EA06F9" box="[1025,1226,1446,1504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">reticulate, ovoid</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FB6282FFA88506F9" box="[1244,1445,1446,1504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">rugose, ovoid, apiculate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E8151A8850506" box="[144,1445,1544,1567]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FF2E8151ADDA0506" box="[144,250,1544,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Seed size</th>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB38151AFCC0506" box="[269,748,1544,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB38151AF120507" bold="true" box="[269,562,1544,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">(0.3–)0.4–0.44 × 0.16–0.21 mm</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA8151AECF0506" box="[772,1007,1544,1567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">0.45–0.6 × 0.24–0.26 mm</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FBBF8151A9EA0506" box="[1025,1226,1544,1567]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FB628151A8850506" box="[1244,1445,1544,1567]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">0.4–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E8162A8850548" box="[144,1445,1595,1617]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FF2E8162ADDA0548" box="[144,250,1595,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Stamens</th>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB38162AFCC0548" box="[269,748,1595,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB38162AC380549" bold="true" box="[269,280,1595,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">6</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA8162AECF0548" box="[772,1007,1595,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">6</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FBBF8162A9EA0548" box="[1025,1226,1595,1617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">3</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FB628162A8850548" box="[1244,1445,1595,1617]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E812CA88505B6" box="[144,1445,1653,1711]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB3812CAFCC05B6" box="[269,748,1653,1711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB3812CAFCC05B7" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">broadly ellipsoid to elongate-spherical, more cylindrical at the bottom (in x.s.), and three-lobed</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFC8ECB3FF2E81E4A8850426" box="[144,1445,1725,1855]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<th id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FF2E81E4ADDA0426" box="[144,250,1725,1855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Capsules</th>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FEB381E4AFCC0426" box="[269,748,1725,1855]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFEB381E4AC980426" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">in the upper part (in x.s.), apically rounded and apiculate, light brown at the base and up to the middle, and dark brown at the apex (sometimes also lighter there)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FCBA81E4AECF0426" box="[772,1007,1725,1855]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">broadly ovoid, dark castaneous to black</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FBBF81E4A9EA0426" box="[1025,1226,1725,1855]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">narrowly ovoid, light brown</td>
<td id="6176500CFFC8ECB3FB6281E4A8850426" box="[1244,1445,1725,1855]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">extended into a 1–2 mm long beak, terete</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFC8134FFF038026AEDE0B30" blockId="3.[136,1451,1919,2089]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFF038026ACD70480" authority="Lamarck" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1789" box="[189,503,1919,1945]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallescens">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFF038026ACAA0480" box="[189,394,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Juncus pallescens</emphasis>
Lamarck
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the group of rushes of the
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFC8134FFC098026A91E0480" box="[951,1086,1919,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" rank="section" section="Ozophyllum">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFC8134FFC098026A91E0480" box="[951,1086,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Ozophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section with densely branching rhizomes and the capsule equalling or shorter than the tepals, and the ultimate peduncles&gt;
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFB1580FBA83304A4" box="[1195,1299,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
diameter: its tepals are 3.0–
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE8F809FACAA04F8" box="[305,394,1990,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
long, subequal, acuminate, and filaments (0.6–)1.0–
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFC57809FA96204F8" box="[1001,1090,1990,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long. Other useful features are cauline leaves
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFC8134FFE9380B3ACBD0B1C" box="[301,413,2026,2053]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 cm</quantity>
long, 1.5–2.0 mm in x.s., perfectly (not distinctly) septate; and capsule ellipsoid to obovoid, unilocular, truncate to bluntly acute, trigonous (to trilobed in T.S.); see
<tableCitation id="D1150E89FFC8134FFC1A8F56AEDA0B30" box="[932,1018,2063,2089]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,376,400]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of Juncus hondurensis with J. pallescens." pageId="3" pageNumber="96">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C8E86BBAFFCF1348FF3680B4AF8E0B3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13873392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13873392/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="97" startId="4.[136,229,2029,2051]" targetBox="[217,1370,190,2004]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCF1348FF3680B4AF8E0B3E" blockId="4.[136,1451,2029,2087]" pageId="4" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCF1348FF3680B4AC200B1B" bold="true" box="[136,256,2029,2051]" pageId="4" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCF1348FEB780B4AF640B1A" authority="J. Prockow." authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[265,580,2029,2051]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCF1348FEB780B4ACE80B1B" box="[265,456,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="97">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
J. Proćków.
</taxonomicName>
The holotype sheet with the habit of the plants and magnifications of the inflorescence (middle right) and the bottom part of the plants (top left).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FF0387C6AF900251" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FF0387C6ACBA03A1" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,410,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FF0387C6ACBA03A1" box="[189,410,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tepals are much shorter: outer ones 2.5–3(–3.3) mm long, inner ones 2.3–2.6(–2.8) mm long, and inner tepals are shorter than outer ones (sometimes only slightly), or rarely longer, acute; filaments are also shorter: (0.65–)0.75–0.85(–0.9) mm long. Other differences can be also taken into account:
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FB8687BEA9FB0219" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[1080,1243,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FB8687BEA9FB0219" box="[1080,1243,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cauline leaves are much shorter (
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FE918653AC91023C" box="[303,433,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="cm" value="3.7" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6–4.8 cm</quantity>
long) and thinner (
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FD2A8653AE2A023C" box="[660,778,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.0">1–1.3 mm</quantity>
diam.), sometimes perfectly distinctly septate; for capsule features of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FEB88676AC880251" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[262,424,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FEB88676AC880251" box="[262,424,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
see above; see
<tableCitation id="D1150E89FFCE1349FDE88677AF8C0251" box="[598,684,302,328]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,376,400]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of Juncus hondurensis with J. pallescens." pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C8E86BBAFFCE1349FF368621AE660289" box="[136,838,376,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" startId="5.[136,224,376,400]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FF368621AE660289" blockId="5.[136,838,376,400]" box="[136,838,376,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FF368621ADD40289" bold="true" box="[136,244,376,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">TABLE 2</emphasis>
. Comparison of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FE168620AF590289" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[424,633,376,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE168620AF590289" box="[424,633,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Juncus hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FD098620AE630289" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1789" box="[695,835,376,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallescens">J. pallescens</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FE8786E3A90E07A0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<table id="EE97C992FFCEECB3FF2D86E0A85E07A3" box="[147,1406,441,1210]" gridcols="3" gridrows="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D86E0A85E02C9" box="[147,1406,441,464]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE8786E0AE4902C9" box="[313,873,441,464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FE8786E3ACEC02D6" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[313,460,441,463]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE8786E3ACEC02D6" bold="true" box="[313,460,441,463]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D86E0A85E02C9" box="[899,1406,441,464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FC3D86E2AEDE02D6" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1789" box="[899,1022,442,464]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallescens">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FC3D86E2AEDE02D6" box="[899,1022,442,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. pallescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D8545A85E0163" box="[147,1406,540,634]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FF2D8545AC000163" box="[147,288,540,634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Key features</th>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE878545AE490163" box="[313,873,540,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE878545ACB50163" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Capsule (slightly) longer, equalling or (slightly) shorter than the tepals, ultimate peduncles 0.4–0.5 mm diameter</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D8545A85E0163" box="[899,1406,540,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Capsule equalling or shorter than tepals, the ultimate peduncles&gt;0.45 mm diameter</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D8590A85E003E" box="[147,1406,713,807]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FF2D8590AC00003E" box="[147,288,713,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Tepals</th>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE878590AE49003E" box="[313,873,713,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE878593AE78003E" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">outer ones 2.5–3(–3.3) mm long, inner ones 2.3–2.6(– 2.8) mm long, and inner tepals are shorter than outer ones (sometimes only slightly), or rarely longer, acute</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D8590A85E003E" box="[899,1406,713,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">3.0–4.5 mm long, subequal, acuminate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D842DA85E0093" box="[147,1406,884,906]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FF2D842DAC000093" box="[147,288,884,906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Filaments</th>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE87842DAE490093" box="[313,873,884,906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE87842DAF590090" bold="true" box="[313,633,884,906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">(0.65–)0.75–0.85(–0.9) mm long</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D842DA85E0093" box="[899,1406,884,906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">(0.6–)1.0–1.2 mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D8480A85E072E" box="[147,1406,985,1079]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FF2D8480AC00072E" box="[147,288,985,1079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Capsule</th>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE878480AE49072E" box="[313,873,985,1079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE878480AE47072E" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">broadly ellipsoid to elongate-spherical, more cylindrical at the bottom (in x.s.), and three-lobed in the upper part (in x.s.), apically rounded and apiculate</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D8480A85E072E" box="[899,1406,985,1079]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">ellipsoid to obovoid, unilocular, truncate to bluntly acute, trigonous (to trilobed in T.S.)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="22A73970FFCEECB3FF2D83D9A85E07A3" box="[147,1406,1152,1210]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<th id="6176500CFFCEECB3FF2D83D9AC0007A3" box="[147,288,1152,1210]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Cauline leaves</th>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FE8783D9AE4907A3" box="[313,873,1152,1210]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE8783D9AF6607A0" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">2.6–4.8 cm long, 1–1.3 mm diameter, sometimes perfectly distinctly septate</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="6176500CFFCEECB3FC3D83D9A85E07A3" box="[899,1406,1152,1210]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">10–25 cm long, 1.5–2.0 mm in x.s., perfectly (not distinctly) septate</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FF03825AA9510525" blockId="5.[136,1452,1282,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FF03825AAF260605" authority="Michaux" authorityName="Michaux" authorityYear="1803" box="[189,518,1282,1308]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FF03825AACB70605" box="[189,407,1283,1308]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Juncus acuminatus</emphasis>
Michaux
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FDFB825AA9550605" authority="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityName="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityYear="1816" box="[581,1141,1282,1308]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FDFB825AAE270605" box="[581,775,1282,1308]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. microcephalus</emphasis>
Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth
</taxonomicName>
belong to the same group (with densely branching rhizomes and capsule equalling or shorter than tepals) but the ultimate peduncules are &lt;
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FA36827FAD94067C" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
diameter (
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FE8E8212ACED067D" authorityName="Michaux" authorityYear="1803" box="[304,461,1355,1380]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE8E8212ACED067D" box="[304,461,1355,1380]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. acuminatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has tepals soft, capsule trigonous, valves inflexed along the margins at maturity, and 3 stamens (N America to
<collectingCountry id="E4807BA2FFCE1349FE2C8237AF230691" box="[402,515,1390,1416]" name="Honduras" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Honduras</collectingCountry>
), and very variable
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FD5C8236AE810691" authorityName="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityYear="1816" box="[738,929,1390,1416]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FD5C8236AE810691" box="[738,929,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has tepals soft as well, but capsule round, and valves inflexed at the apex at maturity). While the ultimate head-bearing branches of
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FBF182CAA9D206B5" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[1103,1266,1426,1452]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FBF182CAA9D206B5" box="[1103,1266,1426,1452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FA9A82CBA88C06B4" box="[1316,1452,1426,1453]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
diameter, tepals are rigid, and capsules different (see above). Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FC4F82EEA9B706C9" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[1009,1175,1462,1488]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FC4F82EEA9B706C9" box="[1009,1175,1462,1488]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 14–16-striate seeds (vs. 16–20-striate ones in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FE0D8282AF5306ED" authorityName="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityYear="1816" box="[435,627,1498,1524]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FE0D8282AF5306ED" box="[435,627,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), semi-globose heads (vs. conical to globose ones in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FB658282A8BB06ED" authorityName="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityYear="1816" box="[1243,1435,1498,1524]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FB658282A8BB06ED" box="[1243,1435,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shorter filaments, (0.65–)0.75–0.85(–0.9) mm long (vs. c.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FCA782A7AE7A0500" box="[793,858,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FC0682A6A9570501" authorityName="Humboldt, Bonpland &amp; Kunth" authorityYear="1816" box="[952,1143,1534,1560]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FC0682A6A9570501" box="[952,1143,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">J. microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and a few less significant differences in cauline leaf features and length, stem in x.s. and sheath length; see
<tableCitation id="D1150E89FFCE1349FBA9817BA94C0525" box="[1047,1132,1570,1596]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,224,160,184]" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of Juncus hondurensis with J. microcephalus and J. acuminatus." pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Table 3</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D48D68B9FFCE1349FF03811FAF7204D1" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FF03811FAFF8059D" blockId="5.[136,1452,1282,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FF03811FAC6F0579" bold="true" box="[189,335,1606,1632]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Distribution</emphasis>
:—Known only from
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FDFD811FAFCA0579" box="[579,746,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">locus classicus</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="E4807BA2FFCE1349FD47811FAE4A0579" box="[761,874,1606,1632]" name="Honduras" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Honduras</collectingCountry>
, Dep. de
<collectingRegion id="5E53F5D0FFCE1349FC6D811FA98F0579" box="[979,1199,1606,1632]" country="Honduras" name="Francisco Morazan" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Francisco Morazán</collectingRegion>
: Jutiapa,
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FAA9811FA87E0579" box="[1303,1374,1606,1633]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
NE de Tegucigalpa) from the subtropical humid pine forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C283B32FFCE1349FF0381D7AF7204D1" blockId="5.[136,1452,1282,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FF0381D7AC8105B1" bold="true" box="[189,417,1678,1704]" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">General comments</emphasis>
:—The species requires further research. In herbaria I have not found a similar specimen, having searched personally several large collections, e.g., E, K, MA, P, and databases with images of many others. Even in the native herbarium, which is listed on the herbarium label (Herbario Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
<collectingCountry id="E4807BA2FFCE1349FF3681A3ADD8040D" box="[136,248,1786,1812]" name="Honduras" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">Honduras</collectingCountry>
, Tegucigalpa (former acronym UNAH, now TEFH)), no duplicate of this specimen has been found. Further research in the field is necessary in the Mesoamerica region, especially in similar habitats, i.e., subtropical humid pine forests, and at a similar height above sea level (ca.
<quantity id="5B6F96D7FFCE1349FD70801BAE040444" box="[718,804,1858,1885]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
alt.). As this new taxon is known from only one locality, the species may be considered Critically Endangered (CR) following the IUCN criteria for endangered species, and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. The specific epithet,
<taxonomicName id="5B9740B1FFCE1349FAA280D3A88404BD" authorityName="J. Prockow. Flowers" authorityYear="2020" box="[1308,1444,1930,1956]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hondurensis">
<emphasis id="AEE3E720FFCE1349FAA280D3A88404BD" box="[1308,1444,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="98">hondurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, refers to the country it is described from.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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