145 lines
17 KiB
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145 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="1F9C8AE4695D4F892CC3C540BD0D66E5" ID-CLB-Dataset="26794" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.846.31953" ID-GBIF-Dataset="79bf8f3a-fd1a-4cc2-9e00-4901b4d2876d" ID-PMC="PMC6533213" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-846-75" ID-PubMed="31148929" ID-ZooBank="60B30A0979054C60BE43ED0DD76D746E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-846-75" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 846" ModsDocTitle="A Revision of North American Lactura (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Lacturidae)" checkinTime="1558084014069" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Matson, Tanner A., Wagner, David L. & Miller, Scott E." docDate="2019" docId="13FDFFC1090D2F57EE6EF85CD91300E0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 846: 75-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 846" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.846.31953" docTitle="Lactura rubritegula Matson & Wagner 2017" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="BF24977DFFE5FFE7B80CFFFF705DFFBD" masterDocTitle="A Revision of North American Lactura (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Lacturidae)" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1701373965862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="475CF72E9A41F42624E97D0072900E9D">A Revision of North American Lactura (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Lacturidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="216422A550C6AA81352EC1137B019479">Matson, Tanner A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D922B9CBAB135EE5ADF1701E081EFBC5">Wagner, David L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="829CB8A80CA4E99A76D8AEC103626F08">Miller, Scott E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="90DD994DDB8881362EB2C2B01C88DBB2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A4B7D58C3FFA02D207F655F63EDD655D">846</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="121DA74361D40051B039B702979E4CB5">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.846.31953</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7858912A1053693E146F5F97F1707772">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CC487D6E1DBFA8385B87EE8862AD7D10" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.846.31953</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="13FDFFC1090D2F57EE6EF85CD91300E0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157227211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:13FDFFC1090D2F57EE6EF85CD91300E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/13FDFFC1090D2F57EE6EF85CD91300E0" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection id="DCF4BD5DF331A1EDC8347986CF3E13A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F989F723DB2BED6BCF49102484A1F807" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName id="C850D89F57D15C643786395048F8CBA7" ID-CoL="9B2NJ" authority="Matson & Wagner, 2017" authorityName="Matson & Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura rubritegula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubritegula">Lactura rubritegula Matson & Wagner, 2017</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1, 19, 29, 30, 41, 46, 52, 62, 63, Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2EA16F3867F64A8001C9100F105D90CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1C754C56C7B4CEE23A38C4ABCC66609E" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName id="CA97063DB528E5ACDF0DE0766AFA7BAF" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura rubritegula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubritegula">Lactura rubritegula</taxonomicName>
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Matson & Wagner, 2017: 141. Type locality: Kendall Co., Texas, USA. Type material: USNM, UCMS, TAMUIC
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B0011317A82EB2A6CBC532CD5DE1A420" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="3C98F8A768D30C8ACE2D8637A28112AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC32B523CCFF47590570AA2D36FCB4FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName id="B0FB7D91CAC8D2B5B46390E742431376" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura rubritegula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubritegula">Lactura rubritegula</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from its relative
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<taxonomicName id="BF8BE4E1BDBBBFC943FA8F4FD47A0DEB" lsidName="L. basistriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="basistriga">L. basistriga</taxonomicName>
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by the prominence of red dorsal scales on the tegula. It lacks the red subcostal dash that can be found in most forms of
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<taxonomicName id="1734785FDFF6AB7EE6D3A01844FBC093" lsidName="L. basistriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="basistriga">L. basistriga</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="BE1334CC43109AB22CF1BEF9FE9E2335" lsidName="L. nalli" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="nalli">L. nalli</taxonomicName>
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, and the scattered flecking of red or brown scales characteristic of
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<taxonomicName id="13A721DD63A0C1A5CABB622F493F271C" lsidName="L. subfervens" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="subfervens">L. subfervens</taxonomicName>
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. Many, but not all, individuals can be distinguished by the basal displacement of the lowermost antemedial spot, somewhat enlarged upper postmedial spot, and the concave arc (open to termen) of the three lower postmedial spots. Female genitalia differ from other
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<taxonomicName id="403A1B0DA88A5B9E6ACD9B272BC9CDF0" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lactura</taxonomicName>
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in this treatment in having six or seven coils in the ductus bursae. Unique to the larva of this species is the rusty brown dorsum.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="3D048301EC627C063A35AC485AB1CB63" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<paragraph id="97EBEEB1EC217912C3E991E130A70398" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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Figure 63. Likelihood tree for
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<taxonomicName id="66BDC2F2809B86181987CBAF1C17E8FA" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lactura</taxonomicName>
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found north of Mexico with four outgroup zygaenoids based on nine gene regions - see Methods. Bayesian posterior probabilities (left) and bootstrap support values (right) for internal branches.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="445FDE4F92347F4EA610C624EF8F5612" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD4155D865CA44FAF3FF9C686DD4B32A" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description adult.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B317BC07051D58567C4C787BF7E7C253" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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(Figs 1, 19) Forewing length: 9-11 mm (n = 25). Head. Shiny, white decumbent scales over vertex and frons; lower frons sometimes with scattered pink scales. Labial palpus slightly porrect to straight, brick red, subequal to diameter of eye. Antenna filiform, 0.6 length of forewing; shiny, white decumbent scales over scape and basal 2/5, transitioning to admixture of white and red scales; distal 1/5 brick red. Thorax. Predominantly white. Patagium mostly white, but red basally. Tegula with conspicuous basal and medial red scales, similar to
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<taxonomicName id="C819CB3DEDFE54A6F1B9C1717FBFE663" lsidName="L. subfervens" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="subfervens">L. subfervens</taxonomicName>
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. Medial mesothoracic red spot flanked posterolaterally by ellipsoid to bar-like red spots. Coxa and femur with reddish mesal and dorsal surfaces, distal and ventral surfaces mostly white with mixture of both white and red scaling; tibia given more to white scaling; protarsus mostly red, meso- and metatarsus given to more white scaling. Forewing. Pearly white, with seven blood- to mahogany-red spots in oblique antemedial and postmedial series; without scattered dark scales (of
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<taxonomicName id="2E6F9A7CFAF87428AC3324B235922D77" lsidName="L. subfervens" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="subfervens">L. subfervens</taxonomicName>
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). Antemedial row with three spots; lower spot usually displaced basally and often smaller than middle spot; postmedial series with four spots: uppermost usually larger or subequal to that below it; lower three forming straight line or (more commonly) slightly concave arc open to termen. (These same three spots often form convex arc in
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<taxonomicName id="FB2A9AE2AB9563D7A4263CBD4E7E7013" lsidName="L. basistriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="basistriga">L. basistriga</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2CC2F87F50D84861593A888D6E77FCC7" lsidName="L. nalli" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="nalli">L. nalli</taxonomicName>
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due to basal displacement of lowermost spot.) Basal red scaling along costa narrows and ends before antemedial spots. Underside red with white fringe scales. Hindwing. Uniformly light red, above and below, with elongate white fringe scales. Abdomen. Dorsum and sides brick-red; venter rusty white. Two pairs of subventral intersegmental hairpencils (with 40-60 androconial scales) inserted between A6 and A7, and A7 and A8. Male Genitalia (Figs 29, 30) (n = 2). Uncus strongly down-curved; medially constricted in basal third; distal part cylindrical and tapered, terminating in thorn-like apical spine. Valva elongate-oval, 2.5
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<normalizedToken id="77F59BA8A7A4FAFF13DE8D439E0CBAF6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, costa concave at distal third; apex broadly rounded; lateral lobe of juxta with 10-20+ thickened spiniform setae. Vinculum narrow, U-shaped, subquadrangular. Aedeagus exceeding length of valva; thickest at midlength; base broadly rounded; apex ca. half width of middle section, ending in concave oblique aperture, subapical thumb-like process absent. Female genitalia (Fig. 41) (n = 2). Papillae anales ca. 4
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<normalizedToken id="D1B32B9A7D39479E3C4F05613488D20E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than broad with dorsal sclerotized rim fused with posterior apophyses. Ductus bursae with 6-8 coils; coil diameter gradually increasing to corpus bursae; anteriormost coil 2
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<normalizedToken id="6F3843843C160EC828C209BAE61874F1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of posteriormost coil, and subequal to diameter of bursa. Corpus bursae longer than broad with large four-lobed signa; without anterior accessory pouch.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4488849DDD9916019E2DC4311B68EDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C80F9D5B7385C28E3FEAF2B70BD2BFDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description of living final instar.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB025F62E023527EF04959B0CDC9F3DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">(Fig. 46) Glossy pale green with broad cinnamon-brown middorsal stripe outwardly edged with black that runs through the D1 pinacula; white dorsal/subdorsal stripe running through yellow D2 warts; two, wavy-edged, pale supraspiracular stripes, subequal in width to subdorsal stripe, that extend from T1-A8. Larger primary setae borne from minute white spots (~pinacula). Dorsum with vague, black, transverse intersegmental lines. White D1 pinacula borne from apex of otherwise black warts. D2 seta from white pinaculum at apex of yellow wart with yellow extending down to SD seta. Thin, vague, wavy, pale spiracular stripe immediately ventral to light-orange spiracles, as well as single, white, straight-edged subventral stripe equal in width to supraspiracular stripes.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85EB770D0A24F91F8A4C0BF155DF7160" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F6BFB1CE6CC72236BEDEBF1F00330EC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F7745FF496317BCFB067A7ABFBF071A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName id="6526A6A4960452DF076E4921BD923D03" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura rubritegula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubritegula">Lactura rubritegula</taxonomicName>
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is known from the Hill Country around San Antonio, Texas, westward to Edwards and Uvalde counties, but its range remains unclarified due to previous taxonomic confusion with
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<taxonomicName id="4F91C46933AFE2A399469E24D15A4C39" lsidName="L. basistriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="basistriga">L. basistriga</taxonomicName>
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and other
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<taxonomicName id="895563F8D851397F672B3224C105402B" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lactura</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 52). Its range likely extends into Mexico. Delmar Cain has found larvae feeding on
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<taxonomicName id="55F8B18DC3658BE858B799EC5AF9FCF9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sideroxylon lanuginosum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">Sideroxylon lanuginosum</taxonomicName>
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(this is the only
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<taxonomicName id="08D113C2E39CDE5FFDBBAC1908C9AAEA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sideroxylon" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sideroxylon</taxonomicName>
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that occurs at the three known localities for the species). Peak flight of
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<taxonomicName id="0C4A72AE2E79D7FF62CEB8455A2FC0A7" lsidName="L. rubritegula" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="rubritegula">L. rubritegula</taxonomicName>
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appears to be tied to spring rains and the availability of new foliage. The moth begins flying, late for a
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<taxonomicName id="304FCEBC14744AA1C897D877407985A4" class="Insecta" family="Lacturidae" genus="Lactura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lactura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lactura</taxonomicName>
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, i.e., in the second half of April into May, following the flights of
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<taxonomicName id="BE409E5D7A6FCF70A3B02539C43ED8AF" lsidName="L. subfervens" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="subfervens">L. subfervens</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C5A256908A2EEFEBEA6164B62F1846CA" lsidName="L. pupula" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="pupula">L. pupula</taxonomicName>
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at the type locality (Fig. 62).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CB7C300930118EAA2171B46BBD09BB15" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="8A057F841F8E6383E54291F7168830BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FDCC87EABD2839D76F254DF637F6868E" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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A comparative assessment of
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<taxonomicName id="4E826303A09E52318F831DBD2CDF0DBC" lsidName="L. rubritegula" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="rubritegula">L. rubritegula</taxonomicName>
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relative to
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<taxonomicName id="8AB1256C5FE3DB22F27ECB0CE564125C" lsidName="L. basistriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="basistriga">L. basistriga</taxonomicName>
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is provided in
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<bibRefCitation id="8B845B05C085A8297E29A9AB013BF533" author="Matson, T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" pagination="141 - 150" title="A new cryptic Lactura from Texas (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Lacturidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.17766" volume="711" year="2017">Matson and Wagner (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |