501 lines
66 KiB
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501 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="277380" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e110626" ID-GBIF-Dataset="28d82294-d7ea-4b9b-9ebc-41a5560ed773" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-1033" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F8D38E5DD87251389AB25E6751E4CF59" ID-ZooBank="0EC6023E18C140458BAF6CB4AD154FDA" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-1033" checkinTime="1699992642258" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tamar, Karin, Uvizl, Marek, Shobrak, Mohammed, Almutairi, Mohammed, Busais, Salem, Salim, Al Faqih Ali, AlGethami, Raed Hamoud M., AlGethami, Abdulaziz Raqi, Alanazi, Abdulkarim Saleh K., Alsubaie, Saad Dasman, Chirio, Laurent, Carranza, Salvador & Smid, Jiri" docDate="2023" docId="132E100167875C1E81A5008BF05A1C63" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 1033-1045" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-11-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e110626" docTitle="Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A076FAE7-9DA1-460A-8CDF-FA160002D67C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="F8D38E5DD87251389AB25E6751E4CF59" lastPageNumber="1033" masterDocId="F8D38E5DD87251389AB25E6751E4CF59" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) from Central Arabia" masterLastPageNumber="1045" masterPageNumber="1033" pageNumber="1033" updateTime="1732480828480" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B3EBCF8C767EB5997047347BD1B4FE1B">A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) from Central Arabia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A77A0C353CC910F707E1DD6F9067D9FF">Tamar, Karin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EEB2A560E8D3DCEB361F2FEB53DDC60B">Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C628CBDFB37557B6FA21A02D7973A03C">Uvizl, Marek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="52EAB4A932E54CB0BD692D7C6880101F">Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusova 1740, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D77C5288F441AA776C8D2940F83DE735">Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Aden University, Yemen</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="98FDEEDF3BD1B1D57A48D903CF197C6E">Salim, Al Faqih Ali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F001CF40DD82C69DF912EE99B3C25171">AlGethami, Raed Hamoud M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="961A6FEE3E268FC33AEB19274F0EEBE7">AlGethami, Abdulaziz Raqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8210CCB671BFC25E4738490C6E327A9E">Alanazi, Abdulkarim Saleh K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B7FEE04DD1317A90EDC53B282517DAF">Alsubaie, Saad Dasman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7DEE95D86B8FC40961F05757089C75CB">Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D1A8D05B4457C0F882B41F6E660EE0F">Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusova 1740, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5B9F8DC6E0A7ED266551D289B6E43D0D">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0145FD9135D6CB1E07B7E9A03F472533">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="132E100167875C1E81A5008BF05A1C63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10170286" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217600714" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10170286" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A076FAE7-9DA1-460A-8CDF-FA160002D67C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/132E100167875C1E81A5008BF05A1C63" lastPageNumber="1033" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" scope_class="Squamata" scope_family="Agamidae">
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<paragraph id="5312811490AB03E56DD951B4CEF5BE8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
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<taxonomicName id="C9FEE96D49D7492A668D8C33046889EC" ID-CoL="C84K2" LSID="https://zoobank.org/A076FAE7-9DA1-460A-8CDF-FA160002D67C" authority="Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd, 2023" authorityName="Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd" authorityYear="2023" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis" status="sp. nov.">Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="69DE83DADDCDE239BFA10F1E4B5DBC64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E6A343D519D386318FD4D9CEE69B54CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F695C556055F49CA4D82FDC97CF6A51C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
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<figureCitation id="60C1340646F8A4E76CBC2A4E47BEF2F6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution of the genus Pseudotrapelus in Arabia and adjacent territories. The circles show distribution records, those in color have been confirmed genetically to belong to the respective species. The white circles can be identified with confidence only to the genus level. All known records for Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the UAE are shown. The map is not exhaustive in terms of records of P. aqabensis, P. chlodnickii, and P. sinaitus from Jordan west to Africa. Locality details of the numbered localities of P. tuwaiqensis sp. nov. are given in Appendices 1 - 2." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935593" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">MorphoBank, project 4714, M862812-M863071 Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F674F53F4B73464A55B15A7F785B6000" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian inference phylogenetic trees of Pseudotrapelus. The trees were reconstructed based on A the concatenated dataset (16 S, ND 4, tRNA, c-mos, MC 1 R) and B the barcoding COI marker dataset. Support values are indicated near the nodes (Bayesian posterior probabilities / SH-aLRT / UFBoot). Sample codes correspond to specimens in Appendices 1, 2. Letters in rectangles in the COI tree indicate type specimens - H: holotype, P: paratype, T: topotype." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935594" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1915FD6F56CFB9EEFCC3793025A1D8E8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Allele networks of Pseudotrapelus for the two nuclear markers. A c-mos and B MC 1 R. Circle sizes are proportional to the number of alleles. White circles represent mutational steps." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E1491BC10CA311F3E1E269D71EF9807F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="12EE1FA2DD9EDDEF6912FEB6111F559D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A paratype NMP-P 6 V 76635, adult female. Photo by Laurent Chirio; B paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636, adult female. Photo by Jiri Smid; C Uncollected specimen from locality 25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E. Photo by Marius Burger; D Uncollected specimen, locality Shaib-Luha, Saudi Arabia. Photo by Laurent Chirio." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2B642C7BB5E18DA6FF7429CBD2E77909" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A Locality of specimen NMP-P 6 V 76637 (24.15093 ° N, 46.9317 ° E). Photo by Jiri Smid; B Locality of paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636 (25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E). Photo by Marius Burger." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935598" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="68736136D174317812EDF6D540A24C1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Chresonymy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A29456489E84AAE5004402E57A2E7B89" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
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<taxonomicName id="5EB29507D3D0720FA3F302EDE94AC7CD" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Agama</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="7595E032F51E5DF6E6BFEEFED297F731" genus="Pseduotrapelus" lsidName="Pseduotrapelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="genus">Pseduotrapelus</taxonomicName>
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[sic])
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<taxonomicName id="58EA283BBCE76C3DBE4CE7D1673C0660" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus sinaita" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaita">Pseudotrapelus sinaita</taxonomicName>
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in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB27A14A5D2A6D34724660F6F18E0D13" author="Al-Sadoon, MK" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="58 - 76" refId="B1" refString="Al-Sadoon, MK, 1988. Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. II. The lizard and amphisbaenian fauna of Riyadh province. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 24: 58 - 76" title="Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. II. The lizard and amphisbaenian fauna of Riyadh province." volume="24" year="1988">Al-Sadoon (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="549A3D11D7F62FDA83EB1BB3130F3B87" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08EC77248F57BD052B7883275282D421" authorityName="Heyden" authorityYear="1827" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agama (Pseudotrapelus) sinaita" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaita" subGenus="Pseudotrapelus">Agama (Pseudotrapelus) sinaita</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB2F7C6A61F4DF60C22C11A4867160A2" author="Al-Sadoon, MK" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="1 - 22" refId="B2" refString="Al-Sadoon, MK, Al-Farraj, SA, Abdo, NM, 1991. Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. III. An ecological survey of the lizard, amphisbaenian and snake fauna of Al-Zulfi area. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 27: 1 - 22" title="Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. III. An ecological survey of the lizard, amphisbaenian and snake fauna of Al-Zulfi area." volume="27" year="1991">Al-Sadoon et al. (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="70382FA92B7B1FC15C9D2144F44333DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B21D6C7CE15E313DA0D6A071DF211CA9" baseAuthorityName="Heyden" baseAuthorityYear="1827" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus sinaitus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaitus">Pseudotrapelus sinaitus</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F7B1E766BDC1F9EE6D3369928F3A5F04" author="Kordges, T" journalOrPublisher="Faunistische Abhandlungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="67 - 83" refId="B31" refString="Kordges, T, 1998. Die Reptilienfauna des Thumama Nature Park bei Riyadh, Saudi Arabien. Faunistische Abhandlungen 21: 67 - 83" title="Die Reptilienfauna des Thumama Nature Park bei Riyadh, Saudi Arabien." volume="21" year="1998">Kordges (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E13E9EBD92F54FCC2DE60FDD72CEFB05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13EB0F781D3DB58F490A1803F4D19DE3" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudotrapelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF7799AC0B8F9DE569502D0DD9CE3199" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12258" author="Tamar, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="369 - 382" refId="B68" refString="Tamar, K, Mitsi, P, Carranza, S, 2019b. Cryptic diversity revealed in the leaf-toed gecko Asaccus montanus (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) from the Hajar Mountains of Arabia. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 57: 369 - 382, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12258" title="Cryptic diversity revealed in the leaf-toed gecko Asaccus montanus (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) from the Hajar Mountains of Arabia." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12258" volume="57" year="2019 b">Tamar et al. (2019b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="88261B062A1B33157F96E52CEED14F60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
'
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2430C7A5BDEF675D38ED70648F7B526F" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudotrapelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp
|
||
<normalizedToken id="21EFD3704EDCE9B9B94FA61FCD1638DA" originalValue="Riyadh’">Riyadh'</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B204479E4A42D947A3E2D7107E375D3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14070" author="Smid, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="1183 - 1199" refId="B60" refString="Smid, J, Sindaco, R, Shobrak, M, Busais, S, Tamar, K, Aghova, T, Simo-Riudalbas, M, Tarroso, P, Geniez, P, Crochet, P-A, Els, J, Burriel-Carranza, B, Tejero-Cicuendez, H, Carranza, S, 2021. Diversity patterns and evolutionary history of Arabian squamates. Journal of Biogeography 48: 1183 - 1199, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14070" title="Diversity patterns and evolutionary history of Arabian squamates." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14070" volume="48" year="2021">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD79240F25CFE9B8A5AA9825D0DEE221" originalValue="Šmíd">Smid</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5DCF1557B6F37BBF1A80DA32FA3E57F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="33DA4D32BE5D27E3D07DFFA808D9874C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4217380E0781A637EA86D0A42B2C2D59" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
NMP-P6V 76634 (sample CN6252), adult male, a hill in a wadi, north-west to Thumamah, Saudi Arabia (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0066E8649C0BD8DCADB2D7CAFF655360" degrees="25.592" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="25.592">25.592°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1E9ACBA28D83C3474A1B8ABAB7FEDD2D" degrees="46.401" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="46.401">46.401°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 670 m elevation), collected by Laurent Chirio on 25th March 2016 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD3EC50B672090B8C1FD182D9B73D98A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4</figureCitation>
|
||
; MorphoBank accessions M862812-M862870).)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91573CBA7CD061AE6E8BCFCCFFCD54AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="3FFB4FC3ACA9C89FCA4FCC1306F9B1A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E34BEACB4F2E325A6C3B603D1161C69D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
NMP-P6V 76635 (sample CN13348), adult female, foothill of Jebel Baloum, Saudi Arabia (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EDE2FA72B5DB4452649A4D971AEC4049" degrees="23.699" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="23.699">23.699°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BD42B41B03034ECDD2AA1319146AAC87" degrees="46.173" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="46.173">46.173°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 800 m elevation), collected by Laurent Chirio on 27th April 2018 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="53B765BB598DEFF58EB94FBC7F833A95" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A paratype NMP-P 6 V 76635, adult female. Photo by Laurent Chirio; B paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636, adult female. Photo by Jiri Smid; C Uncollected specimen from locality 25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E. Photo by Marius Burger; D Uncollected specimen, locality Shaib-Luha, Saudi Arabia. Photo by Laurent Chirio." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
; MorphoBank accessions M862871-M862941). NMP-P6V 76636 (sample CN15766), adult female, north west of King Khalid Royal Reserve, north of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C2F877903E67EA60BE13AF28FDAAFB1C" degrees="25.45933" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.45933">25.45933°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="140CE8E8B853B7A2215956FCAF815CE3" degrees="46.56276" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.56276">46.56276°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 630 m elevation), collected by Salvador Car-ranza,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="64C6ECCDE1763FEAECB7CBDC561400B9" originalValue="Jiří">Jiri</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6C37F48685FE3A64314705067B870BD3" originalValue="Šmíd">Smid</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and Mohammed Shobrak on 14th June 2019 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5926F914A9FD71A807104DEBF877CCD7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A paratype NMP-P 6 V 76635, adult female. Photo by Laurent Chirio; B paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636, adult female. Photo by Jiri Smid; C Uncollected specimen from locality 25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E. Photo by Marius Burger; D Uncollected specimen, locality Shaib-Luha, Saudi Arabia. Photo by Laurent Chirio." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
; MorphoBank accessions M862992-M863071)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="16EE20E0C935754EC58C24E3C3061DF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F9841A8621555B59B89F106DCCD6F80" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Other examined specimen.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E6824860AAB21BDED6EF13D32C930D2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
NMP-P6V 76637 (sample CN15755), juvenile, west of Al-Kharj, south of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB1459BB3B9EC5EA8120CE8BD4E03C7F" degrees="24.15093" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.15093">24.15093°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="53AC320C79545C6A0CFD8F71A70F3589" degrees="46.9317" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.9317">46.9317°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 530 m elevation), collected by Salvador Carranza,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="008D501DE5FF851C9AB691BE8E820DFD" originalValue="Jiří">Jiri</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="81594967060F1581846D36F1E3B43186" originalValue="Šmíd">Smid</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and Mohammed Shobrak on 15th June 2019 (MorphoBank accessions M862942-M862990)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0477E2CD4ADB071E939346E1CBD3C9FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED1EB7EEC56889CB3171E27CEC84142A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2FD5C4AC72B10C41F1F43F56FCA1BCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
The species epithet
|
||
<emphasis id="E9B8D9057A3B6E30FF2B6136AF95A863" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
is derived from the geographic feature the species is associated with, the Tuwaiq Escarpment, that cuts through central Saudi Arabia from the southwest of the country to slightly north and northwest of the city of Riyadh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A689AC5492668466BC1A76697AF48D2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="9EE1AF029147D80B52ED67E212EECC48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="49F66C48AACC86DE24BB87824CC27274" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52AED79B09F76082EFF607DE5B10ACE3" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED9C851A0ABC669BD8AD6184E0408A88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species forming a clade together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BBA5A418043B56DAEA44D14F151BDE60" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DD38AC8FF5307329BD48ED2BC6D569A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="488274E03F6DB8D2B1D83D8E4F560901" lsidName="P. chlodnickii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="chlodnickii">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CB5B820E8F91A03DBD48D72922F8C9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. chlodnickii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the following combination of morphological and genetic characters: (1) large size with a total length of 200-203 mm and SVL 70.7-76.6 mm; (2) 14-19 upper and 14-18 lower labial scales; (3) ear opening very large, oval, rimmed anterodorsally by conical scales of different sizes that give it a serrated appearance; (4) scales in the occipital area predominantly not enlarged; (5) heterogeneous dorsal scales with the mid-dorsals being distinctly keeled and larger than the scales on the flanks; (6) one continuous row of 4-7 precloacal pores in both sexes; (7) 3rd toe longer than the 4th; (8) tail scales not arranged in whorls; (9) body and tail beige-brown in life with dark brown or orange transverse bars, the first on the nape, the second and the most prominent one in the scapular region, the third at midbody, the fourth in front of the insertion of the hind limbs, the fifth at the tail base; and the tail with regular dark bars down its length; (10) three unique mutations in the MC1R alignment: position 264 C instead of T, position 508 G instead of A, position 562 G instead of C; (11) one unique mutation in the c-mos alignment in position 202 C instead of G (see Appendices 5, 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="36B111D1A4F89029F6CAD413407C9CAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="F7899759E10DAC9DAB76E75BBA413C67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D55E628DA324DEA2C93C226C019EE64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14F96ED5910B816BE1BFA771967C1CDA" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6B2B706BB827C315E8FE1E59921BAD94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mor-phologically very conservative, and it is virtually impossible to phenotypically distinguish one species from another without knowing precise locality data.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB3ED8DA7F8086CEB7499B64A88BBEF4" authorityName="Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd" authorityYear="2023" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="18E99E5A0763B448436F47133C9C860C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3A6B68BA4586EEC32BF8F82B83775F6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
is no exception to this. While available literature and recent descriptions of new species indicate some key features that allow species identification, these do not hold when confronted with additional material (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="8DAFB47C9C2FB7CE80726DF11E8A96DC" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological comparisons of Pseudotrapelus species. The comparisons show traits that were traditionally considered key for individual species identification. Taxon names correspond to changes proposed in this paper. Superscript letters refer to the original references from which the data was obtained as follows: 1 - this study; 2 - Tornier (1905); 3 - Melnikov et al. (2012); 4 - Melnikov and Pierson (2012); 5 - Melnikov et al. (2013 a); 6 - Melnikov et al. (2015); 7 - Moravec (2002)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DD4BE4AED08D8749C07ED900E7A58722" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" tableUuid="DD4BE4AED08D8749C07ED900E7A58722">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). For example, one of the diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55DA74C9B83AAB9E842A4FB844CA82E5" lsidName="P. jensvindumi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="jensvindumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2318D2DD1EEF802FD39E80098686E9B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. jensvindumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a small gap in the middle of the precloacal pores row (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F1C29BC92050F7188C60B72FD715876F" author="Melnikov, D" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="79 - 84" refId="B34" refString="Melnikov, D, Ananjeva, NB, Papenfuss, TJ, 2013a. A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Agamidae, Sauria) from Nizwa, Oman. Russian Journal of Herpetology 20: 79 - 84" title="A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Agamidae, Sauria) from Nizwa, Oman." volume="20" year="2013 a">Melnikov et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, similar state is present in some other species including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15BBD5CDD1EA1D793DD0A51AABFD77DB" lsidName="P. aqabensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="893D86A16A0F1ED472401260A727ACA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimen CN15112, MorphoBank accessions: M862611-M862613),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BF3D55560F4A79F44C0B50A8EE6FFE6" lsidName="P. dhofarensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="dhofarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EA4441242FA227709B980FB21ABBE28" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. dhofarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="24999C8ED3D1C27D1A7721EF94FD4576" author="Melnikov, D" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" refId="B37" refString="Melnikov, D, Pierson, T, 2012. A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Aga-midae, Sauria) from Dhofar, Oman. Current Herpetology 12: 143--151." title="A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Aga-midae, Sauria) from Dhofar, Oman. Current Herpetology 12: 143 -- 151." year="2012">Melnikov and Pierson 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 7 therein; JIR107, MorphoBank accession: M862670), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77737C703803F2B8A3FB292501069E5C" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4955BB46CB89E06BF341C92893E8C1A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(JOR22_75, MorphoBank accession: M862793; JOR22_85, MorphoBank accession: M862799). Similarly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5582DFE434661A5083E5E9FDDFAA5FE" lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A5E3CC86303DDFDB999522D2E298188B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supposedly the only species with enlarged scales in the occipital area of the head (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3099A5FD315679DFEF4013B1065D500C" author="Melnikov, D" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="79 - 84" refId="B34" refString="Melnikov, D, Ananjeva, NB, Papenfuss, TJ, 2013a. A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Agamidae, Sauria) from Nizwa, Oman. Russian Journal of Herpetology 20: 79 - 84" title="A new species of Pseudotrapelus (Agamidae, Sauria) from Nizwa, Oman." volume="20" year="2013 a">Melnikov et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but our examination of specimens of the other species revealed that in fact all but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE1D29399461C699DFCA3F7375F6CFE" lsidName="P. aqabensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB6F2CD191C066943A287D7123E205F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1588505B86BE8B38245F83FC97CAD59B" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="034C3C398674F54043E10E0CA64AD5A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have these enlarged scales present, at least in some specimens. In line with the above-said, our morphological examinations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC2CEBC0020BCC2F2541EAE0C4C0D50" lsidName="P. tuwaiqensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB312217ADC242C64794DE20A086766B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="0C073AE7C1A8E1C3D27F8B427C1217A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
did not reveal any characters that would be unique for the species and allowed its unambiguous identification (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="5B1BADF186391E4DA0C6439FF1896AC1" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological comparisons of Pseudotrapelus species. The comparisons show traits that were traditionally considered key for individual species identification. Taxon names correspond to changes proposed in this paper. Superscript letters refer to the original references from which the data was obtained as follows: 1 - this study; 2 - Tornier (1905); 3 - Melnikov et al. (2012); 4 - Melnikov and Pierson (2012); 5 - Melnikov et al. (2013 a); 6 - Melnikov et al. (2015); 7 - Moravec (2002)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DD4BE4AED08D8749C07ED900E7A58722" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" tableUuid="DD4BE4AED08D8749C07ED900E7A58722">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). As a result, we advise caution and prudence when trying to key out
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5366655E11A17C079BD44A8BD92302EA" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudotrapelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens on the basis of morphology alone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B04ADACEF706F36E2107AA9A6FF79F42" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
With the currently available evidence, the safest and perhaps the only way to differentiate the individual
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2497912712717648BD755F64C270501F" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudotrapelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is either based on the origin of the specimens, or by using DNA barcoding. The ranges of most species are allopatric or parapatric, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BFDFB9E13DDEDB0D3C80D8A79297770" lsidName="P. tuwaiqensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AC77F8CF9F71D8545FA55F4DF0F39A48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="14C0D8DF302AB2FFEAA4BDA913843207" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
being the only species that occurs in central Saudi Arabia around the city of Riyadh and further to the north and south along the Tuwaiq Escarpment. The other species are distributed in the peripheral mountain ranges of Arabia and some of them overlap to a certain extent (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E69F8BB611EDB22A71831B46F346BC01" lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B59EB7E4CE95763F95A4A35A2BECC174" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B559A8B3209013DF715B45D835413C70" lsidName="P. dhofarensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="dhofarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A01512F2F63DD2B932DF77E2DE366D56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. dhofarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Yemen,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58F7408E32184F5210048CFCC9436797" lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="25A78DE6E3CA6DBCA1244F30AB10B69B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BCDF87C3A8AD2FD4723410DFD34620C" lsidName="P. aqabensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3E909B7B45FF10378A25E3ACEF68601" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southwestern Saudi Arabia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DD6FB5EF8911DA0241D81E92414E8CF" lsidName="P. aqabensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8B2763ECC8A747C5E18A07FDD3E3837" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EE4AD0BC7FD2B9533669CD5CE9DFA44" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="700ACE41248A4265DDE94AB74E75499A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northwestern Arabia; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B321E079DD8CB064382BDA7BE7C566ED" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution of the genus Pseudotrapelus in Arabia and adjacent territories. The circles show distribution records, those in color have been confirmed genetically to belong to the respective species. The white circles can be identified with confidence only to the genus level. All known records for Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the UAE are shown. The map is not exhaustive in terms of records of P. aqabensis, P. chlodnickii, and P. sinaitus from Jordan west to Africa. Locality details of the numbered localities of P. tuwaiqensis sp. nov. are given in Appendices 1 - 2." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935593" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The most reliable species identification tool in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12E9D8429542FB0908C99A7529BA4EC0" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D2CA9BDD4B9930FCD5A76CFCE48428" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is thus DNA barcoding. All presently recognized species have multiple specimens sequenced for three mitochondrial genes, including the COI marker that is the most commonly used barcode for animal identification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A83B65A29FF38DA49DC042EF7B536313" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-591-6_5" author="Vences, M" editor="Kress, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Methods in Molecular Bio-logy, Volume 858. Humana, Totowa, NJ" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" pagination="79 - 107" refId="B76" refString="Vences, M, Nagy, ZT, Sonet, G, Verheyen, E, 2012. DNA barcoding amphibians and reptiles. In: Kress, WJ, Erickson, DL, Eds., DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Bio-logy, Volume 858. Humana, Totowa, NJ: 79 - 107, DOI: https://doi.org/10.10-07-/978-1-61779-591-6_5" title="DNA barcoding amphibians and reptiles." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-591-6_5" volumeTitle="DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols." year="2012">Vences et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and show marked genetic differentiation in all these markers across species (Appendix 4).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97D209A3AEDC3DB810FA85E4FFA7563A" authorityName="Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd" authorityYear="2023" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="90B877B06A20FA1510F2D784C8FC9692" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CA1BB8C22AD0E596274F181E0A969BE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
can be clearly differentiated from its congeners at the genetic level by p-distances of 6.3-8.6% in 16S, 15.3-19.8% in ND4, and 13.6-15.9% in COI (Appendix 4). In addition, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA34ED6758B39889ABBAD68CB9B62ED6" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B2CB560129410244597092B063C3E5EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have been sequenced for two nuclear genes, of which the MC1R has unique alleles for each species and the c-mos has unique alleles for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC2787D12544721F98BC5A93AD69A8E8" lsidName="P. tuwaiqensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF21DA65DCDF3807CDD45B4A73A715DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14FFB70E5BB01EFC1DD525803729AFCB" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7ABF45971E80091F29142915A6075F69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BA329BEB40B7F6339AC08D85FABDCF7" lsidName="P. chlodnickii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="chlodnickii">
|
||
<emphasis id="39F14108371DD74D459CEB71C213F3BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. chlodnickii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ACE71F6448D268137A487720EE4FBA4D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Allele networks of Pseudotrapelus for the two nuclear markers. A c-mos and B MC 1 R. Circle sizes are proportional to the number of alleles. White circles represent mutational steps." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935595" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">3</figureCitation>
|
||
; Appendices 5, 6).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6071585314BB803236BA63AD70D58CF7" authorityName="Melnikov, Nazarov, Ananjeva & Disi" authorityYear="2012" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus aqabensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0111417D645AC051D9BBE38BA38AF5CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F3F02825ECD2A36461F2DC534094E8" lsidName="P. dhofarensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="dhofarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8F5EF60A19E46BCED399B7455041D8EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. dhofarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE1B28DD703371766688C2FFFD839055" lsidName="P. jensvindumi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="jensvindumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="71335CCFAAEE6486618BDE9950035959" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. jensvindumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9930C8476FF945E6C6D4CC8F6DBA8EF3" lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A34BD68D183B6695019A02A8EA33ED8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are genetically indistinguishable in the c-mos sequences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="707BB3356F34BC3E5C9B9ED77774EB08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="7C6E3D68D684B9B8EE0695D7DBE04877" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8DB05C8160679A8F554066B965839CAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
Total length 203.9 mm (SVL 70.7 mm; original tail 133.2 mm). Head and body depressed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="341B8A0F3164F96573A0B5EFB51A4713" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three internasal scales, the middle one is triangular and contacts the rostral dorsally. Nostril tubular directed laterally and slightly posterodorsally, pierced in the posterior part of a large convex, smooth, pear-shaped nasal scale, which is situated on the anterior edge of the canthus rostralis. The nasal scale is partially visible from above and directly in contact with the first canthal scale. The first six canthal scales not in contact with the eye. Scales on the head smooth, somewhat polyhedral, interorbital scales as large or larger than the supraorbital scales; imbrications of temporal scales directed ventrally. Occipital pierced by a visible pineal foramen posteriorly, surrounded by irregular scales. Occipital scales are somewhat smaller than other head scales (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0704DBD9D9D91A4144CDA6E00C2A23AF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). 19 (left)-17 (right) upper and 18 (left)-17 (right) lower labial scales (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AEBBD633ECFAAB13D3D1BB560AF3340C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ear opening as large as the eye, surrounded at its border by several single short conical scales of different sizes, with one single conical scale at the lower anterior edge of ear opening (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7B3B4A336122C3842642F355AC983DC9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gular fold absent. Dorsal scales heterogeneous with a medial longitudinal rows of enlarged scales present. Medial dorsal scales diamond shaped and distinctly keeled, with the keel extending along the entire scale and not mucronate. Lateral scales not keeled. Gular and ventral scales smooth, becoming feebly keeled toward the lateral side of the body. Dorsal scales on limbs keeled and imbricate. Hind limbs long with the 3rd toe reaching to the nostril level when adpressed. The 3rd toe is the longest, reaching 9.3 mm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="57FF35BF77BE720BBAA93A19A1CC347D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ten lamellae under the left 4th finger, 17 lamellae under the left 4th toe. Forelimbs long with digits reaching to the cloaca when adpressed. The 3rd finger is the longest, reaching 6.5 mm. One row of six continuous precloacal pores each about the size of two to three other precloacal scales (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="392392CFB1550DBC0765581514BF81EA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tail depressed at its base, with a small pit after the cloaca. Large hemipenial pockets are absent, but two small bulges on either side of the pit are present. Dorsal tail scales strongly keeled, slightly mucronate, somewhat larger than the body scales. Ventral tail scales keeled and slightly mucronate. Tail scales not arranged in whorls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B258A25AA065555CFFACF52AD318E4CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="443F86CC442B1D9B0473B175D52DABAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Coloration in life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1142F0F8F27EF189CF4DFE651BCE8662" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
All specimens share the general coloration pattern (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="16F439ECBE5691A1D59D2CFFE8510671" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. holotype (NMP-P 6 V 76634), adult male. A Habitus, dorsal view; B Habitus, ventral view; C Head, dorsal view; D Head, ventral view; E Head, lateral view; F Hind foot, ventral view; G Precloacal area, ventral view; H In life. Photos by Salvador Carranza (A-G) and Laurent Chirio (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">4H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD928316B6B3AF0B5AA2198064B92B49" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. General appearance of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A paratype NMP-P 6 V 76635, adult female. Photo by Laurent Chirio; B paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636, adult female. Photo by Jiri Smid; C Uncollected specimen from locality 25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E. Photo by Marius Burger; D Uncollected specimen, locality Shaib-Luha, Saudi Arabia. Photo by Laurent Chirio." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body is light brown with faint light speckles scattered randomly on the body dorsum. Head is slightly darker than body and has a blue tint in females. The nape is dark. There are prominent dark brown transverse bars across the body, the first is behind the insertion of forelimbs and runs to about the middle of the flank. Another, shorter and less conspicuous dark band is situated before the hind limbs. In some specimens, another small transverse stripe is in the middle of the body, sometimes marked only as a small darker patch. The dark dorsal stripes are orange or have reddish outlines in females. All body parts are white from the ventral side except for the throat, which has a dark background with regular, white, and evenly spaced ocelli. In some specimens, the throat pattern is less discernible and the dark and light scales form a reticulated pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8B375D924FF099E2E73AF7BEEC1B04FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="0CCB08B1C7B3DAA5266206FA45AD8D20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Habitat and Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92CB8EED5A18D82535CD5F074F0952C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F1CD5BEAABC55966C2E8AA1192EBAD" authorityName="Tamar & Uvizl & Shobrak & Almutairi & Busais & Salim & AlGethami & AlGethami & Alanazi & Alsubaie & Chirio & Carranza & Šmíd" authorityYear="2023" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3475E7EFACB7BC8C52259BF5C4A77BEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is a rock-dwelling species inhabiting rocky areas, outcrops, isolated rock mounds and even dry riverbeds with large boulders (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E37EB88DBD2F5815CBE00A0901411A81" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat of Pseudotrapelus tuwaiqensis sp. nov. A Locality of specimen NMP-P 6 V 76637 (24.15093 ° N, 46.9317 ° E). Photo by Jiri Smid; B Locality of paratype NMP-P 6 V 76636 (25.45933 ° N, 46.56276 ° E). Photo by Marius Burger." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935598" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Like all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60521DC0A7A74F66286EA4B9440655A1" family="Agamidae" genus="Pseudotrapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudotrapelus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C67E2191BFAAF208980A5236707BE5B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Pseudotrapelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, it perches on top of stones and rocks during the day. Individuals were found sleeping at night tucked in rock crevices or laying on the ground in the open.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B4DEB7A90BFEE806A8A0482A08F8AB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">
|
||
Currently available distribution data indicate that the species is endemic to Saudi Arabia, where it is confined to central Saudi Arabia around the city of Riyadh (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6729D83CAD8DF51A59FBAA8A8EE1A2C5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic distribution of the genus Pseudotrapelus in Arabia and adjacent territories. The circles show distribution records, those in color have been confirmed genetically to belong to the respective species. The white circles can be identified with confidence only to the genus level. All known records for Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the UAE are shown. The map is not exhaustive in terms of records of P. aqabensis, P. chlodnickii, and P. sinaitus from Jordan west to Africa. Locality details of the numbered localities of P. tuwaiqensis sp. nov. are given in Appendices 1 - 2." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e110626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/935593" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most records come from the Tuwaiq Escarpment that runs from southwestern Arabia northeastwards to Riyadh where it bends to the northwest. The escarpment is bordered by massive sand seas: Rub al Khali from the southeast, Ad Dahna from the east, and An Nafud from the north, which seem to form a barrier to dispersal for these rock-dwelling agamas. There are several records west of Tuwaiq, suggesting that the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ED166F970D50FA5A31E7EF497ED062FA" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||
range extends more to the west and is not confined to the escarpment. More field data are however needed to delineate the geographic limits of its distribution and its possible contact with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D997DD85F978B3F6301674AFAA9B5FAA" lsidName="P. aqabensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="aqabensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="56BC0F1FD7F30735AC47EF0C2C5D9214" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. aqabensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the west and north-west,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0060B60BF3484382F90CCC15DF99582" lsidName="P. sinaitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="sinaitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="65A76CA37FD584AC6FF674CB5A8D83B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. sinaitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the northwest, and possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E283E37EFB42D0B7D387003E4A017D1" lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AC6541A14D69C4BBA738D740AB375AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southwest. Other reptile species observed to live in syntopy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D60B3780C272BDD32BFD209FAC7316B9" lsidName="P. tuwaiqensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" rank="species" species="tuwaiqensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="30BA2C59AD51EB8F76817D1E0AF15418" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">P. tuwaiqensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D615D763D1C31C69F1E7C8C77D8AFFC2" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1874" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Bunopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bunopus tuberculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F4B368558F4545393FE9067DA0F42E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Bunopus tuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E74DA3BCA9A26BBD2AA46DE2415DF12" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Stenodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenodactylus doriae" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doriae">
|
||
<emphasis id="AC958C65E2422D207A38755CBF1D39DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Stenodactylus doriae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="17962326254BA9627B3496A5B340E5A9" authorityName="Wilms, Shobrak & Wagner" authorityYear="2010" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tropiocolotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropiocolotes wolfgangboehmei" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wolfgangboehmei">
|
||
<emphasis id="8F3D0BA17917A6920B3A51655A1225A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Tropiocolotes wolfgangboehmei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1A1AE15C627E5A8B823142C2D740D9F" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gekkonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="736F9010907B0F8B66053D47FA30E51E" baseAuthorityName="Donndorff" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Reptilia" family="Phyllodactylidae" genus="Ptyodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyodactylus hasselquistii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasselquistii">
|
||
<emphasis id="37DE3FEEB5567E5764AD534462E309E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Ptyodactylus hasselquistii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8945A390550CE99D8AE81D092F530395" class="Reptilia" family="Phyllodactylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phyllodactylidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AA3501F42428407AE618A6EF554069A" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Acanthodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthodactylus boskianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boskianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5BE1DDBBD6159FECE66B9C6DFD147CC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Acanthodactylus boskianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5952A06DF59DDA7BAD143A640F15E739" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75DCFC30B42DFE4ABA4474C9DFC8348D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Mesalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage 4 (sensu Sindaco et al. 2018;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CFCF60E1E9829EB56359CAA3323F206" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lacertidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAA68C8B07449966891B8EBA99392D43" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Echis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echis coloratus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75FDAA8D07979965A9BE6DEF94D884C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033">Echis coloratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19D52F75D4ABF80783B2896A382E0825" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1033" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Viperidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |