462 lines
54 KiB
XML
462 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="9A81551904E783B739449E87F52D2D4A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5403.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561570" ID-ZooBank="A9E9D993-74C3-49CC-9202-DB1132EEF113" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1706103461433" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L., Kogure, Yoichi, Fujita, Toshihiko & Higashiji, Takuo" docDate="2024" docId="123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5403.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5403 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fromia heffernani" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="EE01FFB4FFA8FFACFF99FFA57C731474" masterDocTitle="New Taxa and Occurrences of Mesophotic and Deep-sea Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) from Okinawa and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1706269166562" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="902B506749F256FBF3BEC1D06CDEC89C">New Taxa and Occurrences of Mesophotic and Deep-sea Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) from Okinawa and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F3D3D103FE0AB80A284317F651EFACE9">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="07A71627733F0D1E2440D68580E4F5FF">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E6549D85BF0136CBBAAC13C7AB464F6C">Kogure, Yoichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E91F7DCB55DDACF673F47F8E04BC25A0" type="ORCID">0009-0009-9935-8208</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="BC1D2F855672D5E6D00DFEA201E25F6D">Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 1 - 5939 - 22 Suido-cho, Chuo, Niigata, Niigata 951 - 8121, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E221AEA7CA52192FB7C1604B3D133256" type="email">kogure_yoichi52@fra.go.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FE0EAD3AC6A242A9C6A910B178A2047E">Fujita, Toshihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F6CC8A099185430EBBE1DF721763944">Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1C802824E6E3857560FF917754A08D5F" type="email">fujita@kahaku.go.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DA111693AA3068308629AD423373383">Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, 424 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905 - 0206, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="74B5B4EB0F9140BA2D14604EF416916B" type="email">t-higashiji@okichura.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561562" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFE127D0915A6" bold="true" box="[151,378,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
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(Livingstone, 1931)
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<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FF0EFE7E7D361582" box="[151,325,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5A–E</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FF0EFD857DA71643" ID-CoL="7P2DJ" authority="Livingstone 1931: 306" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityPageNumber="306" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,468,543,568]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ferdina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFD857C9B164C" box="[151,232,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ferdina</emphasis>
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Livingstone 1931: 306
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF0EFD9B7CAE16C6" blockId="12.[151,1436,543,721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FF0EFD9B7DAB1622" author="Clark, A. M." box="[151,472,574,598]" page="193" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1967">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FF0EFD9B7DAB1622" ID-CoL="BF2WR" authority="A. M. Clark 1967: 193" authorityName="A. M. Clark" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,472,574,598]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Celerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFD9B7C831622" box="[151,240,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Celerina</emphasis>
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A.M.
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FEA8FD9B7DAB1622" author="Clark, A. M." box="[305,472,574,598]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="169 - 198" refId="ref17471" refString="Clark, A. M. (1967) Notes on asteroids in the British Museum (Natural History) V. Nardoa and some other ophidiasterids. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 15 (4), 169 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27517" type="journal article" year="1967">Clark 1967: 193</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FE7AFD9B7EE01622" author="Marsh, L. M." box="[483,659,574,598]" page="255" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FE7AFD9B7EE01622" author="Marsh, L. M." box="[483,659,574,598]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="251 - 281" refId="ref19938" refString="Marsh, L. M. (1977) Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands. Micronesica, 13 (2), 251 - 281." type="journal article" year="1977">Marsh 1977: 255</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Jangoux 1978: 294; Guille & Jangoux 1978: 55; Oguro 1983: 221; Jangoux 1986: 128;
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FEA7FDF87E141601" author="George, J. D. & George, J." box="[318,615,605,629]" page="245" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FEA7FDF87E141601" author="George, J. D. & George, J." box="[318,615,605,629]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="225 - 260" refId="ref17938" refString="George, J. D. & George, J. (1987) The Coral Reefs of the Bodgaya Islands (Sabah: Malaysia) and Pulau Sipadan. 4. Macroinvertebrates. Malayan Nature Journal, 40, 225 - 260." type="journal article" year="1987">George & George 1987: 245</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(Table 8), 248; Marsh 1993: 55, 60;
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FC75FDF878981601" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[1004,1259,605,629]" page="80" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FC75FDF878981601" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[1004,1259,605,629]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 510" refId="ref20673" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia 33. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 1 - 510." type="book chapter" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995: 80</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Marsh 2000: 99 (Table 7);
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FEA8FDD97E7816E0" author="Lane, D. J. W. & Marsh, L. M. & Van der Spiegel, D. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[305,523,636,660]" page="473" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FEA8FDD97E7816E0" author="Lane, D. J. W. & Marsh, L. M. & Van der Spiegel, D. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[305,523,636,660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="459 - 493" refId="ref18935" refString="Lane, D. J. W., Marsh, L. M., Van der Spiegel, D. & Rowe, F. W. E. (2000) Echinoderm fauna of the South China Sea: An inventory and analysis of distribution patterns. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement, 8, 459 - 493." type="journal article" year="2000">
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Lane
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FEF2FDD97DEC16E0" box="[363,415,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
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2000: 473
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FDB9FDD97F3A16E7" author="Mooseleitner, H." box="[544,841,635,660]" page="245" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FDB9FDD97F3A16E7" author="Mooseleitner, H." box="[544,841,635,660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="245 - 248" refId="ref20285" refString="Mooseleitner, H. (2004) Observation of Asteroidea (Echinodermata) around the Indonesian island of Bali. In: Nebelsick, J. H. & Heinzeller, T. (Eds.), Echinoderms Mu ¨ nchen: Proceedings of the 11 th International Echinoderms Conference. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp. 245 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780203970881. ch 42" type="book chapter" year="2004">Mooseleitner 2004: 245–247</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FCCDFDD9786016E0" author="Coleman, N." box="[852,1043,636,660]" page="29" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FCCDFDD9786016E0" author="Coleman, N." box="[852,1043,636,660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref17821" refString="Coleman, N. (2007) Sea Stars: Echinoderms of the Asia / Indo-Pacific. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic, Springwood, Queensland, 136 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coleman 2007: 29</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 30; Lane & Susetiano 2014: 55(Table 2)
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFA4FFA0FF0EFD1F7D1916A5" author="Mah, C. L." box="[151,362,697,721]" page="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2017">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FF0EFD1F7D1916A5" ID-CoL="7P2TP" authority="Mah 2017: 8" authorityName="Mah" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,362,697,721]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFD1F7C9116A5" box="[151,226,698,721]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FF70FD1C7D1916A5" author="Mah, C. L." box="[233,362,697,721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref19434" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1), 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah 2017: 8</bibRefCitation>
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|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFC867D631749" bold="true" box="[151,272,803,829]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF0EFCCE7CB4109A" blockId="12.[151,1437,875,1262]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Body strongly stellate (R/r=3.5 to 6.3), arms narrow, elongate, triangular, interradial arcs acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FB5DFCCE796D17F2" box="[1220,1310,875,902]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal plates abutted, more flattened proximally, becoming more strongly convex distally with some plates becoming nearly hemispherical distally. Granules form a continuous covering over abactinal, marginal, and actinal plate surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FF6EFC727D011786" box="[247,370,983,1010]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal plates 13–25 per side, 26 to 50 per interradius. Superomarginals and inferomarginals differ in size and morphology with inferomarginal plates more numerous and uniform than the superomarginal series. Superomarginal plates flat to weakly convex proximally and more strongly convex to nearly hemispherical distally especially in conjunction with distal abactinal plates developing further convexities distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FA8DFBE679E3102A" box="[1300,1424,1091,1118]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Actinal intermediate regions composed of a single plate series which terminates approximately 50–80% of the arm’s distance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FE9BFB2E7D2F10D2" box="[258,348,1163,1190]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Other than furrow spines, mostly 2 with minority showing 3, subambulacral spination is absent with granulation covering actinal surface up to base of furrow spines, obscuring adambulacral plate boundaries (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFA4FFA0FAF6FB0A7CCA109A" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1435,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fromia heffernani USNM E45991 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal-lateral view. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFA4FFA0FF0EFA9A7F1513ED" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF0EFA9A7D6D112D" blockId="12.[151,286,1343,1369]" box="[151,286,1343,1369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFA4FFA0FF0EFA9A7D6D112D" bold="true" box="[151,286,1343,1369]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFA9A7D6D112D" bold="true" box="[151,286,1343,1369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF0EFA2D796E1245" blockId="12.[151,1437,1415,1946]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FF0EFA2D7D1111D5" baseAuthorityName="Livingstone" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[151,354,1415,1441]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF0EFA2D7D1111D5" box="[151,354,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described by A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FD4CFA227F1011D5" author="Clark, A. M." box="[725,867,1415,1441]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="169 - 198" refId="ref17471" refString="Clark, A. M. (1967) Notes on asteroids in the British Museum (Natural History) V. Nardoa and some other ophidiasterids. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 15 (4), 169 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27517" type="journal article" year="1967">Clark (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as the monotypic species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FAAAFA2279E611D5" authorityName="A. M. Clark" authorityYear="1967" box="[1331,1429,1415,1441]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Celerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FAAAFA2279E611D5" box="[1331,1429,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Celerina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species which was argued as having closer affinities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FCADFA0E7FFE11B1" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityYear="1931" box="[820,909,1451,1477]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ferdina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FCADFA0E7FFE11B1" box="[820,909,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ferdina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FC52FA0E780F11B1" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[971,1148,1451,1477]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the absence of subambulacral spines and a continuous cover of granules up to the base of the furrow spine. Molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FAD2FA6A7D631279" author="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="769 - 788" refId="ref19821" refString="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W. (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea, Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 769 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2010.00659. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Mah & Foltz 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
b) showed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FE10FA567D981279" authorityName="A. M. Clark" authorityYear="1967" box="[393,491,1523,1549]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Celerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FE10FA567D981279" box="[393,491,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Celerina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FD36FA517F711279" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2017" box="[687,770,1524,1549]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FD36FA517F711279" box="[687,770,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and morphological evidence showed that while similar, the definition of this species was consistent with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FD0AF9BD7E951245" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2017" box="[659,742,1560,1585]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FD0AF9BD7E951245" box="[659,742,1560,1585]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than the ferdinine goniasterids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FB01F9B279621245" author="Mah, C. L." box="[1176,1297,1559,1585]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref19491" refString="Mah, C. L. (2018) New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 4539 (1), 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4539.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">Mah 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF5EF9997883137D" blockId="12.[151,1437,1415,1946]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FF5EF9997DE61221" baseAuthorityName="Livingstone" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[199,405,1595,1621]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FF5EF9997DE61221" box="[199,405,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can variably display a color pattern similar to that of the widely occurring
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FB76F99979EF1221" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1263,1436,1595,1621]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FB76F99979EF1221" box="[1263,1436,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia monilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FF57F9FA7D07120D" author="Coleman, N." box="[206,372,1631,1657]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref17821" refString="Coleman, N. (2007) Sea Stars: Echinoderms of the Asia / Indo-Pacific. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic, Springwood, Queensland, 136 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coleman 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including a dark red disk and arm tips in addition to white arms and because of similar abactinal and marginal plate patterns, the two species are can be difficult to distinguish based on the abactinal surface.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FACCF9267D1512B5" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
outlined several character differences, but foremost among them the single row of furrow spines and the presence of granules up to the base of the furrow spines. Abactinal characters can be variable but the large convex tubercles on the distal abactinal arm surface can in some individuals be a useful distinction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA4FFA0FF5EF8B67F1513ED" blockId="12.[151,1437,1415,1946]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Although not as widespread as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FDB2F8B17EAB1359" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[555,728,1811,1837]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FDB2F8B17EAB1359" box="[555,728,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia monilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA4FFA0FD71F8B17FC51359" baseAuthorityName="Livingstone" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[744,950,1811,1837]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA4FFA0FD71F8B17FC51359" box="[744,950,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does occur throughout the central and to a lesser extent the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean. The species is varied with red and blue coloration on the disk and arms and a varied abactinal arm plate pattern (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FC96F8FE7FCB1301" author="Coleman, N." box="[783,952,1883,1909]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref17821" refString="Coleman, N. (2007) Sea Stars: Echinoderms of the Asia / Indo-Pacific. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic, Springwood, Queensland, 136 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coleman 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA4FFA0FC5FF8FE78A81301" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." box="[966,1243,1883,1910]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Little is known regarding this species feeding habits or other aspects of biology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="CEEE6652FFA5FFA1FF0EF9CD7FAF12D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561592" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10561592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561592/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1640,1664]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1617]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA5FFA1FF0EF9CD7FAF12D0" blockId="13.[151,1437,1640,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FF0EF9CD7D6612F5" bold="true" box="[151,277,1640,1665]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA5FFA1FE84F9CC7E3812F4" authority="USNM E" authorityName="USNM E" box="[285,587,1640,1665]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FE84F9CC7D9012F4" bold="true" box="[285,483,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
USNM E
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
45991
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FD08F9CD7ED912F4" bold="true" box="[657,682,1640,1664]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FCEAF9CC7FF812F5" bold="true" box="[883,907,1641,1665]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal-lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FB1AF9CD78E812F4" bold="true" box="[1155,1179,1640,1664]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FAA8F9CC793912F5" bold="true" box="[1329,1354,1641,1665]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FF74F9287D7712D1" bold="true" box="[237,260,1677,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Oral region, actinal surface. Scale bar: A, D=3.0 mm; B–C, E=2.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFA5FFA2FF0EF9527FC01761" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA5FFA1FF0EF9527F701364" blockId="13.[151,771,1782,1809]" box="[151,771,1782,1809]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFA5FFA1FF0EF9527F701364" bold="true" box="[151,771,1782,1809]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FF0EF9527F701364" bold="true" box="[151,771,1782,1809]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description of juvenile specimen (USNM E48992)</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA5FFA1FF0EF89A7D7413D5" blockId="13.[151,1436,1855,2025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
A very small specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFA5FFA1FE20F8E57EF6132D" box="[441,645,1855,1881]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA5FFA1FE20F8E57EF6132D" box="[441,645,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which demonstrates significant morphological differences from larger individuals, showing more uniform abactinal and marginal plates, further expression of incipient granules (=glassy granules).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA5FFA1FF5EF80E7DB1139D" blockId="13.[151,1436,1855,2025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Body stellate (R/r=3.6), arms triangular, interradial arcs acute. Abactinal, marginal and actinal plates with continuous granular cover.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFF327D6515D9" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Abactinal plates, flat, round to polygonal in shape extending onto arms where they become more elongate. Disk plates flat but variably one to five distinctly round concavities or bumps present on each arm. One concavity is always the largest of the three and in contact with superomarginals on either side of the arm. Other concavities are low and comparable in size to other plates on the disk. Where only one is present it is comparable in size to the other four. Each concavity with glassy tubercles, identical to those on marginal plates, largest with 20–25, smaller bumps with 10–15. These appear twice as large than the other ambient granules. Other surficial granules relatively small, approximately 20 counted along a 1.0 mm line. Madreporite with well-developed sulci, flanked by approximately four plates.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFE1279691615" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Marginal plates 10 per interradius (armtip to armtip). Marginals with more equivocal dimensions interradially but becoming more elongate along the arms. Surfaces are more strongly convex along the arms. Distalmost superomarginals in contact over midline. Superomarginals with glassy tubercles, 40 to 60 per plate in addition to the continuous granular cover. One interradius with a inferomarginal which is particularly convex relative to the other plates. Inferomarginals with 20–50 glassy tubercles, identical to the ones on the superomarginals.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFDCE7E0916B9" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Actinal surface covered by granules. Central plate on the actinal intermediate surface (adjacent to the oral plates) forms prominent bump in each interradius. There are additionally two to three strongly convex plates on actinal surface with 4 to 8 glassy tubercles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFD727FC01761" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Furrow spines 2 to 3, mostly 3, no subambulacrals but adjacent granules, 10–12 are more coarse than others on actinal surface (approximately twice the size) and more widely spaced.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFA6FFA2FF0EFCC378391041" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF0EFCC37D5A17F4" blockId="14.[151,297,870,896]" box="[151,297,870,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFA6FFA2FF0EFCC37D5A17F4" bold="true" box="[151,297,870,896]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA6FFA2FF0EFCC37D5A17F4" bold="true" box="[151,297,870,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF0EFC0A7EEB17BD" blockId="14.[151,1436,942,1077]" box="[151,664,942,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FF0EFC0A7C8F17BD" box="[151,252,943,969]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FE03FC0A7DAE17BD" box="[410,477,943,969]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 0–10,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FDB7FC0B7EE717BD" box="[558,660,942,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="50.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="46.0">
|
||
46–
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FDC0FC0B7EE717BD" box="[601,660,942,969]" count="55" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">55 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFC7678391041" blockId="14.[151,1436,942,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Outside
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FEBEFC767D191799" box="[295,362,979,1005]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FE59FC767E701799" box="[448,515,979,1005]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FDDAFC767EDF1799" box="[579,684,979,1005]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Rowley Shoals,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FCEAFC767F871799" box="[883,1012,979,1005]" name="Philippines" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FB99FC7678AC1799" box="[1024,1247,979,1005]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FB72FC7679691799" box="[1259,1306,979,1005]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bali</collectingRegion>
|
||
& Lembeh Strait, Sulawasi (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FEC0FC527DBF1065" box="[345,460,1015,1041]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Western Australia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FBB7FC52781C1065" box="[1070,1135,1015,1041]" name="Palau" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FBE2FC5278A91065" box="[1147,1242,1015,1041]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FB7FFC5279EB1065" box="[1254,1432,1015,1041]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FF0EFBBE7D241041" box="[151,343,1051,1077]" name="Christmas Island" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Christmas Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFA6FFA2FEFBFBBE7DBE1041" box="[354,461,1051,1077]" name="Maldives" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Maldives</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FE41FBBE7E431041" box="[472,560,1050,1077]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="29.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
||
0–
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FE6DFBBF7E431041" box="[500,560,1050,1077]" count="58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA6FFA2FE6DFBBF7E631040" bold="true" box="[500,528,1050,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">58</emphasis>
|
||
m
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. (based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA6FFA2FD37FBBE7F571041" author="Mah, C. L." box="[686,804,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref19491" refString="Mah, C. L. (2018) New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 4539 (1), 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4539.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">Mah 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFA6FFA2FCB6FBBE784D1041" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." box="[815,1086,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFA6FFA2FF0EFB237F0D1191" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF0EFB237DF810D4" blockId="14.[151,395,1158,1184]" box="[151,395,1158,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFA6FFA2FF0EFB237DF810D4" bold="true" box="[151,395,1158,1184]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFA6FFA2FF0EFB237DF810D4" bold="true" box="[151,395,1158,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material Examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF0EFB6A7E981179" blockId="14.[151,1437,1230,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFA6FFA2FF0EFB6A7E981179" collectingDate="1984-11-10" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" elevation="55" location="Onna Village" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="USNM 45723" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFA6FFA2FF0EFB6A7D46109D" box="[151,309,1230,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM 45723</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFA6FFA2FEA5FB6A7DB7109D" bearing="292.5" box="[316,452,1231,1257]" distance="1000.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FEA5FB6A7D06109D" box="[316,373,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FE70FB6A7E0E109D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FE70FB6A7E0E109D" box="[489,637,1231,1257]" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD14FB6A7F30109D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD14FB6A7F30109D" box="[653,835,1231,1257]" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Horeshoe Cliffs" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horeshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FCCCFB6A7FCE109D" box="[853,957,1231,1257]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7A4AACA0FFA6FFA2FC51FB6A7809109D" box="[968,1146,1231,1257]" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FABCFB6B7912109D" box="[1317,1377,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="55.0">
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFA6FFA2FABCFB6B7912109D" box="[1317,1377,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="55.0">55 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFA6FFA2FF0EFB567D5D1179" box="[151,302,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFA6FFA2FEA3FB567DBC1179" box="[314,463,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-11-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFA6FFA2FEA3FB567DBC1179" box="[314,463,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1984-11-10">10 Nov 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FE43FB567D9B1179" box="[474,488,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.1 r=0.3.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFAB27F4E1121" blockId="14.[151,1437,1230,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFA6FFA2FF5EFAB27F4E1121" collectingDate="1987-07-30" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" elevation="49" location="Onna Village" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="USNM E45991" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFA6FFA2FF5EFAB27D091145" box="[199,378,1302,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM E45991</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFA6FFA2FE1EFAB27E621145" bearing="292.5" box="[391,529,1303,1329]" distance="1000.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FE1EFAB27DB21145" box="[391,449,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDA1FAB27EBD1145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDA1FAB27EBD1145" box="[568,718,1303,1329]" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD46FAB27FE41145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD46FAB27FE41145" box="[735,919,1303,1329]" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Horeshoe Cliffs" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horeshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FC33FAB278611145" box="[938,1042,1303,1329]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7A4AACA0FFA6FFA2FB86FAB278A21145" box="[1055,1233,1303,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ryukyu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FA19FAB27CC31121" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="49.0">
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFA6FFA2FA19FAB27CC31121" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="49.0">49 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFA6FFA2FF6AFA9E7DF91121" box="[243,394,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFA6FFA2FE0FFA9E7E5A1121" box="[406,553,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1987-07-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFA6FFA2FE0FFA9E7E5A1121" box="[406,553,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1987-07-30">30 July 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FDADFA9E7E311121" box="[564,578,1339,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=2.5 r=0.4
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFAFA7F4F11E9" blockId="14.[151,1437,1230,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFA6FFA2FF5EFAFA7F4F11E9" collectingDate="1985-01-22" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" elevation="49" location="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="USNM E46051" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFA6FFA2FF5EFAFA7D05110D" box="[199,374,1374,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM E46051</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFA6FFA2FEE7FAFA7E75110D" bearing="292.5" box="[382,518,1375,1401]" distance="1000.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FEE7FAFA7DC4110D" box="[382,439,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDB5FAFA7EB3110D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDB5FAFA7EB3110D" box="[556,704,1375,1401]" name="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD48FAFA7FF4110D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD48FAFA7FF4110D" box="[721,903,1375,1401]" name="Horeshoe Cliffs" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horeshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FC03FAFA7871110D" box="[922,1026,1375,1401]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FB94FAFA78CC110D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FB94FAFA78CC110D" box="[1037,1215,1375,1401]" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FAF2FAFA7CC311E9" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="48.8">
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFA6FFA2FAF2FAFA7CC311E9" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="48.8">48.8 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFA6FFA2FF6AFA267DF911E9" box="[243,394,1411,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFA6FFA2FE0FFA267E5311E9" box="[406,544,1410,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1985-01-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFA6FFA2FE0FFA267E5311E9" box="[406,544,1410,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1985-01-22">22 Jan 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FDB2FA267E4A11E9" box="[555,569,1411,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.4 r=0.4.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFA6FFA2FF5EFA027F0D1191" blockId="14.[151,1437,1230,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFA6FFA2FF5EFA027F0D1191" collectingDate="1981-03-17" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" elevation="46" location="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="USNM E48992" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFA6FFA2FF5EFA027D0711B5" box="[199,372,1447,1473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM E48992</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFA6FFA2FEE3FA027E7311B5" bearing="292.5" box="[378,512,1447,1473]" distance="1000.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FEE3FA027DC111B5" box="[378,434,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDBBFA027EC411B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FDBBFA027EC411B5" box="[546,695,1447,1473]" name="Onna Village" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD58FA027F0D11B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FD58FA027F0D11B5" box="[705,894,1447,1473]" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFA6FFA2FC11FA027F9E11B5" box="[904,1005,1447,1473]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FBDDFA02788711B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFA4FFA2FF0EFE127F0D1191:9F4E6001FFA6FFA2FBDDFA02788711B5" box="[1092,1268,1447,1473]" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
. 26.5, 127.848,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFA6FFA2FF0EFA6E7CA01191" box="[151,211,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="46.0">
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFA6FFA2FF0EFA6E7CA01191" box="[151,211,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFA6FFA2FE85FA6E7DD91191" box="[284,426,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFA6FFA2FE28FA6E7E2C1191" box="[433,607,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1981-03-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFA6FFA2FE28FA6E7E2C1191" box="[433,607,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1981-03-17">17 March 1981</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFA6FFA2FDF3FA6E7E0B1191" box="[618,632,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</specimenCount>
|
||
wet spec. R=1.1 r=0.3.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |