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<document id="C81E0B1755E29E11DB3407C39EE86918" ID-CLB-Dataset="305669" ID-DOI="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5654e04a-1546-45f7-813b-7644a03a2acf" ID-publisher-id="131661" URI-arpha="1CBFEE49-F7CE-59B7-94E9-4F4F9CA788CF" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1732814750268" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pagana, Ilaria, Virzì, Alessandra, Zafarana, Manuel Andrea &amp; Alongi, Giuseppina" docDate="2024" docId="1080FF2986E855C29CA258F6B938DA69" docLanguage="en" docName="Italian Botanist 18: 109-122" docOrigin="Italian Botanist 18" docSource="https://italianbotanist.pensoft.net/article/131661/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Chara globularis Thuiller" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="122" masterDocId="1CBFEE49F7CE59B794E94F4F9CA788CF" masterDocTitle="New Characeae (Charophyceae, Charales) report in eastern Sicily (Italy)" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1732886831646" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="253517C02F8CC7AA7E5552E95D4244B0">New Characeae (Charophyceae, Charales) report in eastern Sicily (Italy)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8F1759C9C6D028CDED2D290CAB78A234" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1D434933A71125CDFE58C70903B89E2B">Pagana, Ilaria</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E695D501A6EEBE0005CEF9629F88D997" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3612-9079</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6D1A56C6D3EB5E23E9B87D77A3D9A7F3">Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali dellUniversità degli Studi di Catania, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8EAD6BCB6800F6CDD713FA9EAAB70DC3">Virzì, Alessandra</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A82137BB0D6723D913FEC07649B0BE86" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3636-8630</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C10D33133CB400F7848A1E6358FECF05">Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali dellUniversità degli Studi di Catania, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B8404DB537BA4A8B9EEA3DE34D95D53C">Zafarana, Manuel Andrea</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2E0722E24C64CB8BE53C7FD9790581A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4998-5309</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3A04C1A5FF6C74B7DF2909491ADBBEC4">Stiftung Pro Artenvielfalt, Malzgasse 5, CH- 4052 Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="50FDDFC1B6B9D17C51422212AA1F802F">Alongi, Giuseppina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44AD152486C72473E3E76297DD74AFAF" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2604-6106</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="54F169349E0622EAC64AE9A28CF5076A">Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali dellUniversità degli Studi di Catania, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D16DDDF363A67962C9B5F33F2D961842">Italian Botanist</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="98FEF6C060200BD4C39244F6D1C88C39">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC935EF25D0933D885BCCDA7C6EF97F4">2024-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BA9CA269900CE12D38DB0661C946785D">18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1080FF2986E855C29CA258F6B938DA69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14238517" ID-GBIF-Taxon="248001249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14238517" ID-arpha="1080FF29-86E8-55C2-9CA2-58F6B938DA69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1080FF2986E855C29CA258F6B938DA69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1080FF2986E855C29CA258F6B938DA69" scope_class="Charophyceae" scope_family="Characeae" scope_order="Charales">
<subSubSection id="00DD6DB5A03A58DBF7650E868BBFA15A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3C5960D6225AB4C4F9E1529AE7672817">
<taxonomicName id="31FAFBA8D9D04D2852E44A8D4C64C096" authority="Thuiller" authorityName="Thuiller" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charales" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
<emphasis id="00A7CA4B38B44BF42B75C3FF49B5B77B" italics="true">Chara globularis</emphasis>
Thuiller
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4682946E39EC45DEA42A1C76100920E" type="description">
<paragraph id="14055A6765EA42405EB7825716E4D598">
<figureCitation id="32E045CFF963952339AF608B5BEF392B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chara globularis Thuiller a habit b rays with 67 cortical articles c small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows d detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 100 μm (c, d)." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984">Fig. 3 a d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKFAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0D35D38B1C2414F46C51AE86AAEE7C41">
<heading id="1F8B92682E51E1B478FFD91B61D5A8F8" reason="title">Geographical distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9404A65B9814615FA0B42752A3B69456">
<taxonomicName id="2443ED76D448A920B9BC905FAE4E60BD" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
<emphasis id="FBA2BCB4C4AEEA7C6875822B8BAFCF45" italics="true">C. globularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a cosmopolitan species (
<bibRefCitation id="5BDECF3D601065845E8B12D20112DFDF" author="Urbaniak and Gabka" firstAuthor="Urbaniak" refId="B46" refString="Urbaniak J, Gabka M (2014) . Polish Charophytes. An illustrated guide to identification. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego, 120 pp." year="2014">Urbaniak and Gabka 2014</bibRefCitation>
). It has been reported from
<collectingCountry id="213CD1FCD49BEFE868C1322678C6717E" name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A26D2D0710A26C3781A30C79327F2A09" DOI="10.1615/InterJAlgae.v12.i3.30" author="Smith" firstAuthor="Smith" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="International Journal on Algae" pagination="230-256" refId="B39" refString="Smith T (2010) Revised list of algae from Arkansas (USA) and new additions. International Journal on Algae 12 (3): 230256. https://doi.org/10.1615/InterJAlgae.v12.i3.30" title="Revised list of algae from Arkansas (USA) and new additions." volume="12" year="2010">Smith 2010</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="E26422D75BB7D1B03F500B75912CED55" name="Israel">Israel</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F6E6AA869E688645B434E06351BD5515" DOI="10.13189/nrc.2016.040101" author="Barinova and Romanov" firstAuthor="Barinova" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Natural Resources and Conservation" pagination="1-14" refId="B4" refString="Barinova S, Romanov R (2016) The ancient locality Syndianna with Charophytes in the northern Israel. Natural Resources and Conservation 4 (1): 114. https://doi.org/10.13189/nrc.2016.040101" title="The ancient locality Syndianna with Charophytes in the northern Israel." volume="4" year="2016">Barinova and Romanov 2016</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="B7C616EBCA55912A82C4737F22D0DCBF" name="Iceland">Iceland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="388D0481AEA390761C2B2D5913D2383C" DOI="10.1111/njb.02111" author="Hrafnsdottir" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hrafnsdottir" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pagination="1-11" refId="B23" refString="Hrafnsdottir T, Ingimarsson F, Ingvason HR, Stefánsson SM, Þorvaldsdóttir EG, Malmquist HJ, Langangen A (2019) New finds of charophytes in Iceland with an update on the distribution of the charophyte flora. Nordic Journal of Botany 37 (5): 111. https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.02111" title="New finds of charophytes in Iceland with an update on the distribution of the charophyte flora." volume="37" year="2019">Hrafnsdottir et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
), and recently from
<collectingCountry id="126C152844FF7B294E5061B83BA842AE" name="Socotra Island">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1D69D0D032B6841E807E2B0879E48786" name="Yemen">Yemen</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="84506BED85C98E844F121DE1462CDD9E" DOI="10.1007/s41208-020-00245-5" author="Zalat" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zalat" journalOrPublisher="Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences" pagination="437-445" refId="B50" refString="Zalat AA, AL-Wosabi MA, El-Sheekh MM, Al-Subbary AKA (2020) New record of charophytes (Characeae, Charophyta) from Socotra Island, Indian Ocean, Yemen. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences 36: 437445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-020-00245-5" title="New record of charophytes (Characeae, Charophyta) from Socotra Island, Indian Ocean, Yemen." volume="36" year="2020">Zalat et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="05E011F10FD4EFC845B8BFCC275660A2" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="27B8CDDBB75802CDACC15FD6036CF5D4" DOI="10.11609/jott.6508.13.14.20218-20248" author="Verma" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Verma" issue="14" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Threatened Taxa" pagination="20218-20248" refId="B47" refString="Verma S, Toppo K, Nayaka S (2021) Comprehensive checklist of algal class Chlorophyceae (sensu Fritsch 1935) for Uttar Pradesh, India, with updated taxonomic status. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13 (14): 2021820248. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6508.13.14.20218-20248" title="Comprehensive checklist of algal class Chlorophyceae (sensu Fritsch 1935) for Uttar Pradesh, India, with updated taxonomic status." volume="13" year="2021">Verma et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
); it is also widespread in Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="D67A1B24971048C82F8AB7A81E8F7642" author="Guiry and Guiry" firstAuthor="Guiry" refId="B21" refString="Guiry MD, Guiry GM (2024) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org [searched on 03 April 2024]" url="https://www.algaebase.org" year="2024">Guiry and Guiry 2024</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="244D8FA812A4814ACE35D1B2D389BCAA" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
, it has been reported from Trentino Alto Adige,
<collectingRegion id="0ADA1B8CAB0694C5625E2F3793C9C2F2" country="Italy" name="Piemonte">Piedmont</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="08C40A52FADC85F2D8C726AFA58A73D4" country="Italy" name="Lombardia">Lombardy</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="9D9B2339C3844B5DF4956ADA556DD2B9" country="Italy" name="Veneto">Veneto</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B002626BB50AA1CAE56C2E16AACC70B3" country="Italy" name="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli</collectingRegion>
Venezia Giulia,
<collectingRegion id="C8087383D967C4B91A96FACB40358AF4" country="Italy" name="Toscana">Tuscany</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="EE5D4044B0C14352F061CFCE4311BF76" country="Italy" name="Marche">Marche</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="E706405E6C153924289C2B56F5A86ABD" country="Italy" name="Umbria">Umbria</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="BE43EC8C0E92DB405B306743FC52EEB7" country="Italy" name="Lazio">Latium</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="3E230820F866163CEF4D172C964CE67D" country="Italy" name="Sardegna">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="2C6397FB74B5A399C31267E5BFA108DC" country="Italy" name="Sicilia">Sicily</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A3793881414ADC71CDB1F500B558B250" DOI="10.1080/03680770.2001.11901906" author="Naselli-Flores and Barone" firstAuthor="Naselli-Flores" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie, Verhandlungen" pagination="1673-1677" refId="B30" refString="Naselli-Flores L, Barone R (2002) Limnology of a small, temporary water body: the Pond of Santa Rosalia (Sicily, Italy). Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie, Verhandlungen 28 (4): 16731677. https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2001.11901906" title="Limnology of a small, temporary water body: the Pond of Santa Rosalia (Sicily, Italy)." volume="28" year="2002">Naselli-Flores and Barone 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9E45D0F8DD78B7D134C098486CC783FB" author="Bazzichelli and Abdelahad" firstAuthor="Bazzichelli" refId="B6" refString="Bazzichelli G, Abdelahad N (2009) Alghe dacqua dolce dItalia. Flora analitica delle Caroficee. Ministero dellAmbiente / Università Sapienza di Roma, 173." year="2009">Bazzichelli and Abdelahad 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="DB44D072EB32C3E94066EC4C5B5681CD" DOI="10.4081/jlimnol.2014.950" author="Azzella" firstAuthor="Azzella" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Limnology" pagination="52-510" refId="B3" refString="Azzella MM (2014) Italian Volcanic lakes: a diversity hotspot and refuge for European Charophytes. Journal of Limnology 73 (3): 52510. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2014.950" title="Italian Volcanic lakes: a diversity hotspot and refuge for European Charophytes." volume="73" year="2014">Azzella 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8F7C54426DC1372C09AE1734641DBB97" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1607497" author="Becker" firstAuthor="Becker" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="83-101" refId="B7" refString="Becker R (2019) The Characeae (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sardinia (Italy): habitats, distribution and conservation. Webbia 74 (1): 83101. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1607497" title="The Characeae (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sardinia (Italy): habitats, distribution and conservation." volume="74" year="2019">Becker 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="95855E227BC64EF6BEC9765F4641E48D" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" author="Guarino" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Guarino" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="139-147" refId="B20" refString="Guarino R, Marcenò C, Ilardi V, Mannino AM, Troia A (2019) One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation. Webbia 74: 139147. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" title="One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation." volume="74" year="2019">Guarino et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="334EE576FF57D39E432100A196FE94F5" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1609258" author="Romanov" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Romanov" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="111-119" refId="B35" refString="Romanov R, Napolitano T, Van De Weyer K, Troia A (2019) New records and observations to the Characean flora (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sicily (Italy). Webbia 74: 111119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1609258" title="New records and observations to the Characean flora (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sicily (Italy)." volume="74" year="2019">Romanov et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ADA5BECCD19C8C3AF91E671F00037F4E" DOI="10.3390/plants10071292" author="Panzeca" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Panzeca" refId="B32" refString="Panzeca P, Troia A, Madonia P (2021) Aquatic macrophytes occurrence in Mediterranean farm ponds: Preliminary investigations in North-Western Sicily (Italy). Plants 10: 1292. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071292" year="2021">Panzeca et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETHAE" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="055DC33A2191D42489F8B14DD3E24837">
<heading id="1A8B1B0ECE6BCC199F4FE412D867037E" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="065E5AB22FCA9A825A11C4B078D5B5F4">
In the Scandinavian countries,
<collectingCountry id="860E8101F69301EFB11E95E5FBB489FA" name="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
, Balkan countries,
<collectingCountry id="704B413B64D04CA2B0A2A4FF8576FC77" name="Switzerland">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
and many German Länder
<taxonomicName id="B2EA84F58C8AD584DC3067323A1B5DF4" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
<emphasis id="518460CF416408B437858340641256D5" italics="true">C. globularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified as least concern (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEIAE" xlink_title="least concern">
<collectionCode id="1B21171CB6979CDC30FB1B2672198024">LC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) while, in other regions of
<collectingCountry id="1B8E77876DED404DF8F821BAD0DF3C3D" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="0A06D1DE18DEF521A6E835083E45E2C1" country="Germany" name="Saarland">Saarland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="EA2A147F772BE4D48968CDD62C755002" country="Germany" name="Sachsen">Saxony</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="E3C9E1FCD3C58E55FDF08D3CB1FB773B" country="Germany" name="Thueringen">Thuringia</collectingRegion>
) it is considered vulnerable (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIIAE" xlink_title="vulnerable">
<collectionCode id="18FC4AE53C025AB2638C1D80D620E026" country="Russia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15248" name="Voronezh State University" type="Herbarium">VU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) or endangered (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMIAE" xlink_title="endangered">
<collectionCode id="A853E4FE8D524C39A4F164CD12783943">EN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="5C5448B2F7D78A189BC2B32D2C67DD2A" author="Auderset Joye and Rey-Boissezon" firstAuthor="Auderset Joye" refId="B1" refString="Auderset Joye D, Rey-Boissezon A (2013) Les Characées de Genève et environs. Distribution et Ecologie. Groupe dEcologie aquatique, Institut Forel et Institut des Sciences lEnvironnement, Université de Genève, 192." year="2013">Auderset Joye and Rey-Boissezon 2013</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="85DF52BA61B48327DBC6CCDFFFB4886F" name="Hungary">Hungary</collectingCountry>
, this species is considered vulnerable (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUIAE" xlink_title="vulnerable">
<collectionCode id="C70953AF27894798A1DA80D41D4EAB6E" country="Russia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15248" name="Voronezh State University" type="Herbarium">VU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources IUCN (
<bibRefCitation id="4A955F36C6799A93406C2104485B5698" DOI="10.4081/jlimnol.2014.950" author="Azzella" firstAuthor="Azzella" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Limnology" pagination="52-510" refId="B3" refString="Azzella MM (2014) Italian Volcanic lakes: a diversity hotspot and refuge for European Charophytes. Journal of Limnology 73 (3): 52510. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2014.950" title="Italian Volcanic lakes: a diversity hotspot and refuge for European Charophytes." volume="73" year="2014">Azzella 2014</bibRefCitation>
) and in
<collectingCountry id="B1E4EDC656608094756D8AAA2E594372" name="United Kingdom">Wales</collectingCountry>
, it is in the least concern (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3IAE" xlink_title="least concern">
<collectionCode id="56321B9CF4033DA4AAE73302ADD1FB28">LC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) threat status of Red List Assessment (
<bibRefCitation id="8BB2F7FAE2B37015C4053A980A3F5DE8" author="Stewart and Hatton-Ellis" firstAuthor="Stewart" refId="B40" refString="Stewart N, Hatton-Ellis T (2020) A Red List of stoneworts in Wales. Natural Resources Wales Evidence Report Number 406." year="2020">Stewart and Hatton-Ellis 2020</bibRefCitation>
). Finally in
<collectingCountry id="2A0F62ABB693A0D74493CBBCCB309FE4" name="Slovakia">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="3583B9E9DD9113B9DE8FD81099AF8551" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
<emphasis id="09890D915DA82B84350D19A252D6A8D2" italics="true">C. globularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a near-threatened (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPJAE" xlink_title="near-threatened">
<collectionCode id="9EFD06D0370020773841690EAEB22D38" country="Australia" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts" type="Herbarium">NT</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) species in IUCN red-list (
<bibRefCitation id="19EC51D9CA701857EEF734906F52B955" DOI="10.3390/d14110897" author="Hindakova" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hindakova" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Diversity" pagination="897" refId="B22" refString="Hindáková A, Gąbka M, Hrivnák R (2022) Checklist, Red List, and Distribution Pattern of Charophytes (Charophyceae, Charales) in Slovakia Based on Critical Revision of Herbarium Specimens. Diversity 14 (11): 897. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110897" title="Checklist, Red List, and Distribution Pattern of Charophytes (Charophyceae, Charales) in Slovakia Based on Critical Revision of Herbarium Specimens." volume="14" year="2022">Hindáková et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXJAE" type="Previous reports for Sicily">
<paragraph id="FE4CE0F8BC6CBA27994EE52CDA361E52">
<heading id="5DA619E1C32E101E546F209061B68DB0" reason="title">
Previous reports for
<collectingRegion id="09269EAE403B6B4A943987A31F979B20" country="Italy" name="Sicilia">Sicily</collectingRegion>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FDB31C28552709412CD95B0BE05BE11">
Palermo, Pond of Santa Rosalia (
<bibRefCitation id="EADB58BB6B78AED70BCB11DFEABF0E99" DOI="10.1080/03680770.2001.11901906" author="Naselli-Flores and Barone" firstAuthor="Naselli-Flores" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie, Verhandlungen" pagination="1673-1677" refId="B30" refString="Naselli-Flores L, Barone R (2002) Limnology of a small, temporary water body: the Pond of Santa Rosalia (Sicily, Italy). Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie, Verhandlungen 28 (4): 16731677. https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2001.11901906" title="Limnology of a small, temporary water body: the Pond of Santa Rosalia (Sicily, Italy)." volume="28" year="2002">Naselli-Flores and Barone 2002</bibRefCitation>
); Palermo, pond of Rebuttone (
<bibRefCitation id="D7943A07F253400786FA10CF2F1B5B5D" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" author="Guarino" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Guarino" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="139-147" refId="B20" refString="Guarino R, Marcenò C, Ilardi V, Mannino AM, Troia A (2019) One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation. Webbia 74: 139147. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" title="One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation." volume="74" year="2019">Guarino et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="55D098B97E1F44001464C104B0650DFD" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1609258" author="Romanov" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Romanov" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="111-119" refId="B35" refString="Romanov R, Napolitano T, Van De Weyer K, Troia A (2019) New records and observations to the Characean flora (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sicily (Italy). Webbia 74: 111119. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1609258" title="New records and observations to the Characean flora (Charales, Charophyceae) of Sicily (Italy)." volume="74" year="2019">Romanov et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
); Palermo, Coda di Riccio lake (
<bibRefCitation id="92DC71039A83288EA8ABF355A3D12B17" DOI="10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" author="Guarino" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Guarino" journalOrPublisher="Webbia" pagination="139-147" refId="B20" refString="Guarino R, Marcenò C, Ilardi V, Mannino AM, Troia A (2019) One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation. Webbia 74: 139147. https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1607142" title="One Chara does not make Charetea in the Mediterranean aquatic vegetation." volume="74" year="2019">Guarino et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
); Palermo, some ponds in the Palermo district (
<bibRefCitation id="42CF101FFEDBC64ACAF1367E34F20971" DOI="10.3390/plants10071292" author="Panzeca" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Panzeca" refId="B32" refString="Panzeca P, Troia A, Madonia P (2021) Aquatic macrophytes occurrence in Mediterranean farm ponds: Preliminary investigations in North-Western Sicily (Italy). Plants 10: 1292. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071292" year="2021">Panzeca et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERKAE" type="New reports in Sicily">
<paragraph id="9AC98EC8F54462E28CABE1A3B15BF96A">
<heading id="8AAF1765E38058951EA02BBC09C1EAB9" reason="title">
New reports in
<collectingRegion id="385CF09846B0C4862FBE7F3DB4481438" country="Italy" name="Sicilia">Sicily</collectingRegion>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AC316099F9BA630B4D1D1F6B70321D8">
Curcuraggi (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXKAE" xlink_title="Melilli - Syracuse">
<collectionCode id="9CBF543D9891DCCAFC030C2B66D6B918" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12891" name="Cornell University" type="Herbarium">CU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
- Melilli, Syracuse).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2KAE" type="Morphology">
<paragraph id="E880CFB60AA26FD27C4C5AE4875B1099">
<heading id="CEA801C969AD64F83799C35E94A2DF54" reason="title">Morphology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75247DCAD86E849787362224C681C2AB">
Thalli are
<quantity id="CEDC9F56D6B0C3177F98650628965540" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="cm" value="27.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="24.0">2430 cm</quantity>
tall and green in colour. The main axis has a diameter of about 400 µm. The internodes are generally much longer than the branches (Fig.
<figureCitation id="29A6400C879A887B2FB4661BE622E690" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chara globularis Thuiller a habit b rays with 67 cortical articles c small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows d detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 100 μm (c, d)." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984">3 a</figureCitation>
). The rays are slender, with 67 corticate articles and two small terminal bare cells (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8FEA7EB7ED9DED75A491C7EBB7A38749" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chara globularis Thuiller a habit b rays with 67 cortical articles c small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows d detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 100 μm (c, d)." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984">3 b</figureCitation>
). The cortex is triplostichous, isostichous. It has rudimentary spine cells and the stipulodes are in two rows and are very small, rudimentary, and papilliform (Fig.
<figureCitation id="243158CD226398439309E4FF01BFA5A1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chara globularis Thuiller a habit b rays with 67 cortical articles c small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows d detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 100 μm (c, d)." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984">3 c</figureCitation>
). The species is monoecious: the gametangia are borne jointly at the three lowest branchlet nodes; the oogonia are solitary and have a size of about 500 × 350 μm while the antheridia are about 300 μm in diameter (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A1C93FD24FFB5D15B5400C8725651C11" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chara globularis Thuiller a habit b rays with 67 cortical articles c small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows d detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (a, b); 100 μm (c, d)." figureDoi="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984">3 d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B96D9A00E66E93D6AB6EC16817E6CFB3" ID-DOI="10.3897/italianbotanist.18.131661.figure3" ID-arpha="FA79BF52-7384-573F-B382-52364AE53D8C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1184984" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="AC6511F95B281AAB5841F99AFFF8898F">
<label id="4295E318B43A1901F87E195FBBA0ACF3">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B92E505023346AD8ECA7E5118231BAF">
<taxonomicName id="A7AC96EA4138473926D77AE2D3AE9AEC" authority="Thuiller" authorityName="Thuiller" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">
<emphasis id="32399E46B5FD0E21BBD7CE626CC1DD69" italics="true">Chara globularis</emphasis>
Thuiller
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C1A494F7A6CA6680AF042B001E8E9996" bold="true">a</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="CF1355DFE8528B29954448A6208F8730" bold="true">b</emphasis>
rays with 67 cortical articles
<emphasis id="6651208E8DBE00BB705703754EB3DEA9" bold="true">c</emphasis>
small, rudimentary, papiliform stipulodes arranged in two rows
<emphasis id="EB625536341F7209F2FB716A89A7DB44" bold="true">d</emphasis>
detail of some oogonia and antheridia. Scale bars: 1 cm (
<emphasis id="8F544D8D3D74E7AA4870FDCFABF1A456" bold="true">a, b</emphasis>
); 100 μm (
<emphasis id="2DF4CDED8E9ECA0D66305ECE9971CB61" bold="true">c, d</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>