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<document id="E42DB9C26B269AC6399B46109459FA70" ID-CLB-Dataset="295355" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11066989" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4a111e7-e61a-437c-8be4-99dfa6f20262" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11066989" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1714050787375" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Daniel, Thomas F." docDate="2018" docId="0F7687E01B67FF9BD7FBFB6CA33A0118" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.64.9.319-332.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 64 (9)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.1:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Strobilanthes Blume." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="327" masterDocId="F34FFF981B6FFF92D751FF8DA069002B" masterDocTitle="Chromosome Numbers of Some Cultivated Acanthaceae with Notes on Chromosomal Evolution in the Family" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="319" pageNumber="327" updateTime="1714653973389" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="880CC76DC0A3E98E0DA7043C46EF6B05">Chromosome Numbers of Some Cultivated Acanthaceae with Notes on Chromosomal Evolution in the Family</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F8F81D9457A06E5C3D4296BCB977AAA">Daniel, Thomas F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C2CF2C2BD91D755D6F8150621522AC45">Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9FD2EB8DDC4F451EFA9A1A8A0123F2C3" type="email">tdaniel@calacademy.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="022D55627BE433A37424CAE6D9DBC358">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D5DA21FD304E3FE639D7433A2C7D1F16">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="908B2DDB13658ABF2C6B50C012E64722">2018-03-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7CFFD5468DC3614785A1C80888C61774">64</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0F7687E01B67FF9BD7FBFB6CA33A0118" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11104241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11104241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7687E01B67FF9BD7FBFB6CA33A0118" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F7687E01B67FF9BD7FBFB6CA33A0118" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="327" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">
<subSubSection id="CFC5657D1B67FF9AD7FBFB6CA1FA04D2" box="[170,403,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="876036F61B67FF9AD7FBFB6CA1FA04D2" blockId="8.[122,1174,219,1725]" box="[170,403,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD7FBFB6CA1FA04D2" ID-CoL="7PCW" authority="Blume." authorityName="Blume." box="[170,403,1249,1274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD7FBFB6CA1E604D1" bold="true" box="[170,399,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD7FBFB6CA15404D2" bold="true" box="[170,317,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Strobilanthes</emphasis>
Blume
</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CFC5657D1B67FF9BD6C3FB6FA33A0118" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" type="description">
<paragraph id="876036F61B67FF9AD6C3FB6FA34305F0" blockId="8.[122,1174,219,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">
— The Asian genus
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD523FB6FA32704D1" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[626,846,1250,1274]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD523FB6FA29604D1" box="[626,767,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Strobilanthes</emphasis>
Blume
</taxonomicName>
consists of about 400 species. Our count of
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD659FA8EA17C0531" box="[264,277,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">n</emphasis>
= 11 for
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD627FA8FA3430531" authority="(Steud.) Bosser &amp; Heine" authorityName="Bosser &amp; Heine" baseAuthorityName="Steud." box="[374,810,1282,1306]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamiltoniana">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD627FA8FA2770531" box="[374,542,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">S. hamiltoniana</emphasis>
(Steud.) Bosser &amp; Heine
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD41FFA8FA4080531" authority="Nees" authorityName="Nees" box="[846,1121,1282,1306]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Goldfussia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colorata">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD41FFA8FA4480531" box="[846,1057,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Goldfussia colorata</emphasis>
Nees
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="1FE42A731B67FF9AD33AFA8FA0D10511" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="1.[155,167,1386,1405]" captionTargetId="figure-143@1.[552,1176,960,1711]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 2 (lower right). Chromosomes of Acanthaceae in pollen mother cells. A. Ruellia costaricensis, telophase II, n = 17. B. Strobilan- thes hamiltoniana, telophase I (distance between poles of cell reduced for presentation), n = 11. C. Pseuderanthemum graciliflorum, metaphase I, n = 21. D. Peristrophe speciosa, metaphase I, n = 30. E. Strobilanthes hamiltoni- ana, diakinesis (showing nucleolus, n), n = 11. Chromosomes shown in outline only are touch- ing or overlapping other chromosomes. Scale applies to all figures. See Table 1 for voucher information." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11104127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11104127/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Fig. 2B, E</figureCitation>
), native to the Himalayan region of southern Asia, is the first count for this species. At least two other species of the genus (in the broad sense in which it is currently recognized, e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B67FF9AD308FACEA0BA0550" author="HU, J. &amp; Y. DENG &amp; J. R. I WOOD &amp; T. F. DANIEL" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" pagination="369 - 477" refId="ref8616" refString="HU, J., Y. DENG, J. R. I WOOD, AND T. F. DANIEL. 2011. Acanthaceae. Flora of China 19: 369 - 477." type="journal article" year="2011">Hu et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
; and also including
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD6FBFAEEA2760550" box="[426,543,1379,1403]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Clarkeasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD6FBFAEEA2760550" box="[426,543,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Clarkeasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD502FAEEA2940550" box="[595,765,1379,1403]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenosiphonium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD502FAEEA2940550" box="[595,765,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Stenosiphonium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as per discussion in Tripp et al. 2011; and taking into account synonymies based on
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B67FF9AD520FA0EA28C05B0" author="VENU, P." box="[625,741,1411,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" refId="ref9747" refString="VENU, P. 2006. Strobilanthes Blume (Acanthaceae) in Peninsular India. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, India. 216 pp." type="book" year="2006">Venu 2006</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B67FF9AD44CFA0EA47705B0" author="KARTHIKEYAN, S. &amp; M. SANJAPPA &amp; S. MOORTHY" box="[797,1054,1411,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" refId="ref8652" refString="KARTHIKEYAN, S., M. SANJAPPA, AND S. MOORTHY. 2009. Flowering Plants of India, Dicotyledons, Volume 1. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, India." type="book" year="2009">Karthikeyan et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
) share this same number:
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD647FA2EA20F0590" authority="(Nees) J. R. I. Wood" authorityName="J. R. I. Wood" baseAuthorityName="Nees" box="[278,614,1443,1467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenosiphonium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bracteata">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD647FA2EA1FF0590" box="[278,406,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">S. bracteata</emphasis>
(Nees) J.R.I. Wood
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B67FF9AD5F9FA2EA3300590" author="VASUDEVAN, K. N." box="[680,857,1443,1467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" pagination="152 - 203" refId="ref9697" refString="VASUDEVAN, K. N. 1976. Contribution to the cytotaxonomy and cytogeography of the flora of the western Himalayas (with an attempt to compare it to the flora of the Alps). Part III. Berichte der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 86: 152 - 203." type="journal article" year="1976">Vasudevan 1976</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD42EFA2EA4E70590" authority="Clarke" authorityName="Clarke" box="[895,1166,1443,1467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenosiphonium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD42EFA2EA4560590" box="[895,1087,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">S. quadrangularis</emphasis>
Clarke
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD7F9FA49A19A05F0" authority="(Nees) T. Anderson" authorityName="T. Anderson" baseAuthorityName="Nees" box="[168,499,1475,1499]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenosiphonium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discolor">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD7F9FA49A17205F0" box="[168,283,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">S. discolor</emphasis>
(Nees) T. Anderson
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., Pandey and Pal 1980).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876036F61B67FF9BD7FBFA69A33A0118" blockId="8.[122,1174,219,1725]" lastBlockId="9.[123,1174,219,1620]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">
An array of chromosome numbers (
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD576FA69A25D05D0" box="[551,564,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">n</emphasis>
= 8–16, 20, 21, 28, and 30) has been reported for at least 38 species in
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD65DF989A1F00637" box="[268,409,1540,1564]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD65DF989A1F00637" box="[268,409,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Strobilanthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD68FF988A1820637" box="[478,491,1541,1564]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">n</emphasis>
= 16 for 18 species being the most commonly reported number (Daniel and Chuang 1998). The genus pertains to Ruellieae: Strobilanthinae where all its subtribal relatives (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD648F9C9A1A50677" authority="Nees" authorityName="Nees" box="[281,460,1604,1628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Goldfussia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD648F9C9A1E40677" box="[281,397,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Goldfussia</emphasis>
Nees
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD689F9C9A2C80677" authority="Nees" authorityName="Nees" box="[472,673,1604,1628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Hemigraphis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD689F9C9A20A0677" box="[472,611,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Hemigraphis</emphasis>
Nees
</taxonomicName>
) are probably best included within an expanded concept of
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9AD649F9E9A1CC0657" box="[280,421,1636,1660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD649F9E9A1CC0657" box="[280,421,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">Strobilanthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to achieve generic monophyly (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B67FF9AD46FF9E9A3930656" author="TRIPP, E. A. &amp; T. F. DANIEL &amp; S. FATIMAH &amp; L. A. MCDADE" box="[830,1018,1636,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" pagination="97 - 137" refId="ref9648" refString="TRIPP, E. A., T. F. DANIEL, S. FATIMAH, AND L. A. MCDADE. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships within Ruellieae (Acanthaceae) and a revised classification. International Journal of Plant Sciences 174: 97 - 137." type="journal article" year="2013">Tripp et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). An ancestral basic number of
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD665F908A12906B7" box="[308,320,1669,1692]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">x</emphasis>
= 7, 8, or 10 seems likely for the genus, with both polyploidy and dysploidy accompanying evolution of taxa therein. Indeed, based on numbers reported for
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B67FF9BD4BCF928A0D300D8" authority="J. R. I. Wood" authorityName="J. R. I. Wood" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="328" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pavala">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B67FF9AD4BCF928A43A0696" box="[1005,1107,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="327">S. pavala</emphasis>
J.R.I. Wood
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B66FF9BD7B4FF56A2B000D8" authority="(Heyne ex Roth) Nees" authorityName="Nees" baseAuthorityName="Roth" box="[229,729,219,243]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Hemgraphis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="328" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latebrosa">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B66FF9BD7B4FF56A1BF00D8" box="[229,470,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="328">Hemgraphis latebrosa</emphasis>
(Heyne ex Roth) Nees
</taxonomicName>
; i.e.,
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B66FF9BD446FF51A34D00D8" box="[791,804,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="328">n</emphasis>
= 12–14, 28; e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B66FF9BD4AAFF51A41B00D8" author="KAUR, J." box="[1019,1138,219,243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="328" pagination="531 - 532" refId="ref8687" refString="KAUR, J. 1965. Chromosome numbers in Acanthaceae - II. Science and Culture 31: 531 - 532," type="journal article" year="1965">Kaur 1965</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="40DF4D751B66FF9BD72AFF71A19B0138" authority="Heyne ex T. Anderson" authorityName="T. Anderson" box="[123,498,251,276]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Hemgraphis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="328" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
<emphasis id="B5ABEAE41B66FF9BD72AFF71A0930138" box="[123,250,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="328">H. rupestris</emphasis>
Heyne ex T. Anderson
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E34E4B071B66FF9BD6ACFF76A2D90138" author="VASUDEVAN, K. N." box="[509,688,251,275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="328" pagination="152 - 203" refId="ref9697" refString="VASUDEVAN, K. N. 1976. Contribution to the cytotaxonomy and cytogeography of the flora of the western Himalayas (with an attempt to compare it to the flora of the Alps). Part III. Berichte der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 86: 152 - 203." type="journal article" year="1976">Vasudevan 1976</bibRefCitation>
; Saggoo and Bir 1982; Bala and Gupta 2011) both euploidy and dysploidy appear to be likely within that species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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