170 lines
17 KiB
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170 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" ID-PMC="PMC3804768" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-332-95" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" ID-PubMed="24163583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577540" ModsDocID="1313-2970-332-95" checkinTime="1451246929074" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barney, Robert J., LeSage, Laurent & Savard, Karine" docDate="2013" docId="0F3354D4BB2C518692E60AF8ED86BC35" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 332: 95-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 332" docPubDate="2013-09-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" docTitle="Pachybrachis hepaticus subsp. hepaticus hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer 1847" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" masterDocTitle="Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="116" updateTime="1668156466159" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barney, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Gus R. Douglass Land-Grant Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, West Virginia, United States 25112 - 1000</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rbarney@wvstateu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>LeSage, Laurent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Savard, Karine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-09-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>332</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>95</mods:start>
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<mods:end>175</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-332-95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577540</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182235378" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F3354D4BB2C518692E60AF8ED86BC35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F3354D4BB2C518692E60AF8ED86BC35" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="116" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0F3354D4-BB2C-5186-92E6-0AF8ED86BC35" authority="hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer, 1847)" authorityName="hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer" authorityYear="1847" baseAuthorityName="F. E. Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachybrachis hepaticus subsp. hepaticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hepaticus" subSpecies="hepaticus">Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer, 1847)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 5" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Habitus 5. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20912" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Habitus 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 5" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Map 5. The known distribution of Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus in eastern Canada. OL - Ontario Lake; OR - Ottawa River." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20937" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">; Map 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Eyes: a close eyes, Pachybrachis pectoralis b normal eyes, Pachybrachis peccans c normal eyes and yellow face, male Pachybrachis atomarius d remote eyes, Pachybrachis hepaticus." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20858" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">; Figures 1c</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Front femora: a not enlarged, Pachybrachis hepaticus b thickened, Pachybrachis peccans." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20860" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">, 3a</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Elytral punctures and coloration: a in rows in deep striae, Pachybrachis luctuosus b confused in basal half, in rows in apical half, Pachybrachis calcaratus c all confused, Pachybrachis hepaticus d confused and mottled, Pachybrachis spumarius e vittate with marginal vitta interrupted, Pachybrachis bivattatus f black, margined with yellow, Pachybrachis nigriconis carbonarius g entirely black, Pachybrachis luridus." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20864" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">, 7c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="116" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Cryptocephalus hepaticus</taxonomicName>
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F. E. Melsheimer, 1847: 171.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">Cryptocephalus punctatus</taxonomicName>
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Haldeman, 1849: 257.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="116" type="recognition">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Recognition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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Front femora not enlarged in comparison to those of middle and hind legs (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Front femora: a not enlarged, Pachybrachis hepaticus b thickened, Pachybrachis peccans." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20860" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
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); eyes small and remote (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Eyes: a close eyes, Pachybrachis pectoralis b normal eyes, Pachybrachis peccans c normal eyes and yellow face, male Pachybrachis atomarius d remote eyes, Pachybrachis hepaticus." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20858" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Figure 1d</figureCitation>
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); antennae short, less than half body length (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 5" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Habitus 5. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20912" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Habitus 5</figureCitation>
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); integument densely, diffusely punctate (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Elytral punctures and coloration: a in rows in deep striae, Pachybrachis luctuosus b confused in basal half, in rows in apical half, Pachybrachis calcaratus c all confused, Pachybrachis hepaticus d confused and mottled, Pachybrachis spumarius e vittate with marginal vitta interrupted, Pachybrachis bivattatus f black, margined with yellow, Pachybrachis nigriconis carbonarius g entirely black, Pachybrachis luridus." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20864" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Figure 7c</figureCitation>
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); elytra tapered to apex; male size very small: length 1.68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.07 mm, width 0.96
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.07 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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Transcontinental, extending from California to Maine (
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<bibRefCitation author="Riley, EG" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="146" refId="B167" refString="Riley, EG, Clark, SM, Seeno, TN, 2003. Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society 1, 290 pp." title="Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae)." volume="1" year="2003">Riley et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). In eastern Canada,
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<taxonomicName authority="hepaticus" authorityName="hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hepaticus" subSpecies="hepaticus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in southern Ontario from Lake Ontario to the Ottawa River Valley in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 5" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Map 5. The known distribution of Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus in eastern Canada. OL - Ontario Lake; OR - Ottawa River." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20937" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Map 5</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="21" pageNumber="116" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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ONTARIO: Carleton Co., Jockevale, 4.VII.1934, W. J. Brown [1♂, CNC]; Ottawa, 24.VI.1995, [ex. field notes: "pinery forest preserve, on sand dunes
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<normalizedToken originalValue="…”">..."</normalizedToken>
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], B. F. & J. L. Carr [1♀, CNC]; Essex Co., Leamington, 3.VII.1931, W. J. Brown [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 17.VI.1940 [1♂, CNC]; Point Pelee, 24.VI.1931, W. J. Brown [1♂, CNC]; Haldimand-Norfolk Cos., Turkey Point, 24.VII.1984, sweeping in marshy area, L. LeSage [1♀, CNC]; Hasting Co., 10.VII.1938, Brimley [1♀, CNC]; Norfolk Co., Forestville, 15.VI.1931, W. J. Brown [1♂, CNC]; Parry Sound Dist., Scotia Junction, 28.VII.1934, H. W. Wenzel [1♂ 1♀, OSUC]; Prince Edward Co., 22.VI.1919, Brimley [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 28.VI.1921 [1♂, CNC]; same data, except 2.VIII.1925 [1♀, CNC]; Renfrew Co., Arnprior, 20.VII.1941, W. J. Brown [1♀, CNC]; Russell Co., Mer Bleue, 18.VI.1986, W. J. Brown [1♂, CNC]; same data, except 10.VII.1936 [1♀, CNC]; Toronto Co., Toronto, F. Knab [1♀, USNM]; same data, except 26.V.1896, R. J. Crew [1♀, ROM]. Unknown Co., East Ontario, 1885 [1♀, CNC].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="21" pageNumber="116">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="QUÉBEC">QUEBEC</normalizedToken>
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: Deux-Montagnes Co., La Trappe, 30.VI.1931, J. Ouellet [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 27-29.VI.1933 [21♂ 15♀, CEUM]; same data, except
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<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="117" start="start">23</pageBreakToken>
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.VII.1933 [1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 28.VII.1934 [1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 20.VIII.1936 [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 26.VIII.1946 [1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 7.VII.1949 [1♂, CEUM]; Gatineau Co., Alcove, 24.VIII.1936, W. J. Brown [1♀, CNC]; Gatineau Park, Meach Lake, 30.VII.1972, A. Davies [1♀, CNC]; Wakefield, 20.VII.1932, W. J. Brown [2♀, CNC]; Wright, 27.VI.1933, G. S. Walley [1♂, CNC]; Labelle Co., Nominingue, 29.VII.1931, J. Ouellet [3♀, CEUM]; same data, except 6-21.VII.1932 [20♂ 13♀, CEUM]; same data, except 4.VII.1933 [2♂ 1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 2.VII.1934 [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 8.VII.1935 [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 22.VII.1936 [2♀, MSUC]; same data, except 2.VIII.1936 [1♂, CEUM].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="117" type="host plants">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Host plants.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="117">
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No plant association records were available from specimens examined.
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<taxonomicName authority="hepaticus" authorityName="hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hepaticus" subSpecies="hepaticus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be a polyphagous species, considering the number of plant families listed in
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<bibRefCitation author="Clark, SM" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Publications of the West Virginia Department of Agriculture" pageId="45" pageNumber="140" refId="B44" refString="Clark, SM, LeDoux, DG, Seeno, TN, Riley, EG, Gilbert, AJ, Sullivan, JM, 2004. Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada. In: The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2., 476 pp." title="Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada." volumeTitle="The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2." year="2004">Clark et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName genus="Euphorbiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" genus="Juncaceae" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">Juncaceae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Salicaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName genus="Tamaricaceae" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">Tamaricaceae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="117" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="117">
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Of all the species here studied, the shortest antennae (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 5" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Habitus 5. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20912" pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Habitus 5</figureCitation>
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) and smallest eyes are found in
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<taxonomicName authority="hepaticus" authorityName="hepaticus (F. E. Melsheimer" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hepaticus" subSpecies="hepaticus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Pachybrachis hepaticus hepaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Further investigation may require that a new genus is established for the eastern and western subspecies of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. E. Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="117">Pachybrachis hepaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Fall, HC" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="46" pageNumber="141" pagination="291 - 486" refId="B76" refString="Fall, HC, 1915. A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 41: 291 - 486" title="A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys." volume="41" year="1915">Fall (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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cited specimens from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Montréal">Montreal</normalizedToken>
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, May 24 (Liebeck Coll.); Toronto (Crew); and Scotia Junction, July 27 (Wenzel), but these specimens could not be located and examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |