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<mods:title id="6CC174D511A22295517AAC74338E7F02">Hilliardiella elaeagnoides and H. oligocephala (Asteraceae, Vernonieae), two distinct species and the description of a new variety</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0E4D87D0FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFA7C8F07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7258179" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203687364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7258179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E4D87D0FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFA7C8F07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E4D87D0FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFA7C8F07" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="CEFE654DFFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFCF78AA5" box="[136,801,157,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFCF78AA5" blockId="4.[136,1451,157,221]" box="[136,801,157,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFCCA8AA5" ID-CoL="3LXGS" authority="(DC.) H. Robinson (1999: 230)" authorityName="H. Robinson" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[136,796,157,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hilliardiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligocephala">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFE648AA5" bold="true" box="[136,434,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Hilliardiella oligocephala</emphasis>
(DC.) H.
<bibRefCitation id="E2754B37FFE8FFBF2D780DE9FCCA8AA5" author="Robinson, H." box="[540,796,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" pagination="220 - 247" refId="ref7086" refString="Robinson, H. (1999) Revisions in paleotropical Vernonieae (Asteraceae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 112 (1): 220 - 247." type="journal article" year="1999">Robinson (1999: 230)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CEFE654DFFE8FFBF2C4D0DE9FA7F8AC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2C4D0DE9FA7F8AC0" blockId="4.[136,1451,157,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
=
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2C260DE9FAF78AA5" ID-CoL="5BVKB" authority="Candolle (1836: 73)" authorityName="Candolle" authorityPageNumber="73" authorityYear="1836" box="[834,1313,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Webbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligocephala">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C260DE9FBF98AA5" box="[834,1071,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Webbia oligocephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2754B37FFE8FFBF2B5D0DE9FAF78AA5" author="Candolle, A. P. &amp; De" box="[1081,1313,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refId="ref6497" refString="Candolle, A. P., De (1836) Compositae. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 5. Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris, 706 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 286" type="book" year="1836">Candolle (1836: 73)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. =
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2A220DE8FE1C8AC1" ID-CoL="7G26R" authority="(DC.) Sch. Bip." authorityName="Sch. Bip." baseAuthorityName="DC." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligocephala">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2A220DE8FECC8AC1" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Vernonia oligocephala</emphasis>
(DC.) Sch.Bip.
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E2754B37FFE8FFBF2E890DB5FD038AC1" author="Walpers, G. G." box="[493,725,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refId="ref7362" refString="Walpers, G. G. (W. G.) (1843) Repertorium botanices systematicae. Tomus 2, Supplementum 1. Hofmeister, Lipsiae, 1029 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7553" type="book" year="1843">Walpers (1843: 947)</bibRefCitation>
. =
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2D930DB4FA738AC0" ID-CoL="7G26R" authority="(DC.) Harvey (1865: 51)" authorityName="Harvey" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1865" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[759,1445,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="kraussii" variety="oligocephala">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2D930DB4FC6A8AC1" box="[759,956,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Vernonia kraussii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C970DB5FB538AC1" box="[1011,1157,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">oligocephala</emphasis>
(DC.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2754B37FFE8FFBF2BB00DB5FA738AC0" author="Harvey, W. H." box="[1236,1445,194,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" pagination="48 - 53" refId="ref6635" refString="Harvey, W. H. (1865) III. Vernonia, Schreb. In: Harvey, W. H. &amp; Sonder, O. W. (Eds.) Flora capensis 3. Hodges, Smith and Co., Dublin. pp. 48 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 821" type="book chapter" year="1865">Harvey (1865: 51)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC0C7AFBB28B93" blockId="4.[136,1452,269,399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2FEC0C7AFF148B3F" bold="true" box="[136,194,269,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Type:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="368C3C9BFFE8FFBF2FBF0C7AFB788B76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3947843302" collectingDate="1832-03-19" collectionCode="G-DC" collectorName="Drege" country="South Africa" elevation="61" location="Dunen und auf Grashohen am Gestade" municipality="Zwischen Omsamculo und Omcomas" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="G00464306" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="FEF37656FFE8FFBF2FBF0C7AFE5C8B3F" box="[219,394,269,290]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4420F824FFE8FFBF2EF60C7AFDFA8B3E" box="[402,556,269,291]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="663FACBCFFE8FFBF2D5D0C7AFC718B3F" box="[569,935,269,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Zwischen Omsamculo und Omcomas</collectingMunicipality>
, in den
<location id="833B601DFFE8FFBF2C940C79FAB28B3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E4D87D0FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFA7C8F07:833B601DFFE8FFBF2C940C79FAB28B3E" box="[1008,1380,269,291]" country="South Africa" municipality="Zwischen Omsamculo und Omcomas" name="Dunen und auf Grashohen am Gestade" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Dünen und auf Grashöhen am Gestade</location>
,
<quantity id="411C9B23FFE8FFBF2A090C7AFA7E8B3E" box="[1389,1448,269,291]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="ft" value="200.0">200 ft</quantity>
, 19 März 1832 [between
<location id="833B601DFFE8FFBF2ED60C46FCF98B5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E4D87D0FFE8FFBF2FEC0DEAFA7C8F07:833B601DFFE8FFBF2ED60C46FCF98B5A" box="[434,815,305,327]" country="South Africa" municipality="Zwischen Omsamculo und Omcomas" name="Umzimkulu / Mzimkulu and Umkomaas" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Umzimkulu/Mzimkulu and Umkomaas</location>
, on grassy heights and the beach,
<quantity id="411C9B23FFE8FFBF2B1F0C46FB668B5A" box="[1147,1200,305,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="61.0">
<elevation id="0DC9D1F5FFE8FFBF2B1F0C46FB668B5A" box="[1147,1200,305,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="61.0">61 m</elevation>
</quantity>
], (QDS: 3030BB/BC/CB/ DA Port Shepstone),
<date id="F25A1006FFE8FFBF2EE30C22FDCF8B77" box="[391,537,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" value="1832-03-19">
<collectingDate id="E21EE9EEFFE8FFBF2EE30C22FDCF8B77" box="[391,537,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" value="1832-03-19">19 March 1832</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2D460C21FD458B77" box="[546,659,341,363]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<collectorName id="2B115310FFE8FFBF2D460C21FD8B8B76" box="[546,605,342,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Drege</collectorName>
5076
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="595F8864FFE8FFBF2DFA0C22FD2D8B76" box="[670,763,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="E0F5AE03FFE8FFBF2C670C22FC968B77" box="[771,832,341,362]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">G-DC</collectionCode>
, barcode
<specimenCode id="D6429EBDFFE8FFBF2CFE0C22FBD88B76" box="[922,1038,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">G00464306</specimenCode>
, designated here
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="368C3C9BFFE8FFBF2BD30C22FBB68B93" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3947843303" collectingDate="1832-03-19" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Drege" country="South Africa" elevation="61" location="Dunen und auf Grashohen am Gestade" municipality="Zwischen Omsamculo und Omcomas" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="P022663, P022664" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="isolectotype">
<typeStatus id="595F8864FFE8FFBF2BD30C22FAEE8B76" box="[1207,1336,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="E0F5AE03FFE8FFBF2A240C21FA9B8B76" box="[1344,1357,342,363]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
, barcodes
<specimenCode id="D6429EBDFFE8FFBF2FD90C0EFEC38B92" box="[189,277,377,399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">P022663</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="D6429EBDFFE8FFBF2E7B0C0EFEA18B92" box="[287,375,377,399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">P022664</specimenCode>
, all seen as images). (Lectotypes chosen as recommended by
<bibRefCitation id="E2754B37FFE8FFBF2CA30C0EFBB68B93" author="McNeill, J." box="[967,1120,377,399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" pagination="1112 - 1113" refId="ref6968" refString="McNeill, J. (2014) Holotype specimens and type citations: General issues. Taxon 63 (5): 1112 - 1113. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / 635.7" type="journal article" year="2014">McNeill (2014)</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CEFE654DFFE8FFBF2FEC0CC9FCAF8E21" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC0CC9FCAF8E21" blockId="4.[136,1452,446,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
Slender perennial herbs with few soft, annual, herbaceous stems from small underground rootstock.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2BB00CC9FA948BC5" box="[1236,1346,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Rootstock</emphasis>
also with narrow fusiform tubers.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2EF80C95FDE58BE1" box="[412,563,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Annual stems</emphasis>
unbranched or rarely with one or two short side branches, faintly to distinctly ribbed, sparsely hairy to glabrescent basally, upwards densely silvery/whitish hairy, hairs short-stalked, medifixed T-shaped with arms parallel to surface or very rarely sometimes with long-stalked, asymmetrically, Y-shaped hairs with arms shorter than stalk and stalk with reddish transverse cell walls.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C850F38FBF98875" box="[993,1071,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Leaves</emphasis>
alternate, sessile or very shortly petiolate, densely set to more scattered, discolorous, margin entire, often undulate and distantly, sparsely serrulate, adaxial surface sparsely hairy or glabrescent, hairs scattered over surface or confined to veins, often glandular punctate towards the apex, abaxial surface densely hairy, hairs silvery/whitish, hairs short-stalked, medifixed, T-shaped with arms parallel to surface, similar to those on stems.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2DD90FA9FCC988E5" box="[701,799,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Capitula</emphasis>
homogamous, discoid, very rarely heterogamous, discoid, few, on very short peduncles, arranged in dense, terminal, umbellate synflorescences or sometimes densely umbellateracemosely arranged, rarely synflorescence more open and lax.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C050E51FC1F895D" box="[865,969,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Peduncle</emphasis>
densely hairy, often hidden by uppermost leaves.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2FB90E3DFE918979" box="[221,327,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Involucre</emphasis>
broadly obconical to campanulate.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2DBD0E3DFC4D8979" box="[729,923,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Involucral bracts</emphasis>
arranged in (4)5 rows, imbricate, outer shorter than inner, densely white or silvery hairy and glandular-punctate.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C1D0E19FC228995" box="[889,1012,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Receptacle</emphasis>
epaleate.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2B0D0E18FB3A8995" box="[1129,1260,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Disc florets</emphasis>
bisexual, fertile, sometimes few outer florets female, actinomorphic; corolla pinkish or purple, infundibuliform.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2BC40EE5FB2189B1" box="[1184,1271,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Anthers</emphasis>
with (narrowly) ovate apical appendages, bases caudate.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2D3D0EC1FD5989CD" box="[601,655,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Style</emphasis>
exserted, bifurcate;
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2C1F0EC1FBC889CD" box="[891,1054,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">style branches</emphasis>
pinkish purple, filiform, recurved, with acute hairs on outside of branches and onto the shaft below furcation, total inner surface stigmatic.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2A6E0EADFA7D89E9" box="[1290,1451,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Ovary/cypsela</emphasis>
brown, ± obconical, ribbed, densely twin hairy and glandular punctate, with distinct carpopodium.
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2BB30E88FAFD8E05" box="[1239,1323,1023,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2BB30E88FAFD8E05" box="[1239,1323,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Pappus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dimorphic, an outer row of laciniate scales and inner row of barbellate bristles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CEFE654DFFE8FFBF2FEC091DFEB98E9E" box="[136,367,1129,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC091DFEB98E9E" blockId="4.[136,367,1129,1156]" box="[136,367,1129,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="DD1381AAFFE8FFBF2FEC091DFEB98E9E" bold="true" box="[136,367,1129,1156]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2FEC091DFEB98E9E" bold="true" box="[136,367,1129,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Key to the varieties</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CEFE654DFFE8FFBF2FEC09D8FA7C8F07" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="key">
<key id="F27561F7FFE8FFBF2FEC09D8FA7C8F07" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<keyStep id="3D102E63FFE8FFBF2FEC09D8FA7C8F07" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC09D8FA7D8EFC" blockId="4.[136,1451,1198,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<keyLead id="3D1595F3FFE8FFBF2FEC09D8FA7D8EFC" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
Leaves ovate, broadly ovate, cordate or narrowly ovate, elliptic or broadly elliptic, lowest pair often orbicular, up to 28 × 20(25) mm (including short petiole), prominently pinnately veined ........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2A6709BCFA7D8EFC" ID-CoL="7G26R" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1865" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[1283,1451,1227,1249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="kraussii" variety="oligocephala">
var.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2A4809BCFA7D8EFC" bold="true" box="[1324,1451,1227,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">oligocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="865B36C6FFE8FFBF2FEC099FFA7C8F07" blockId="4.[136,1451,1198,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
<keyLead id="3D1595F3FFE8FFBF2FEC099FFA7C8F07" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
Leaves narrowly elliptic, linear-elliptic, sometimes elliptic, rarely narrowly obovate or obovate, up to 45(50) × 10(12) mm (including short petiole), prominently 3(rarely 5)-veined from base, these raised on abaxial surface ..............................................
<taxonomicName id="41E44D45FFE8FFBF2A240872FA7C8F07" box="[1344,1450,1284,1306]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oligocephala" variety="besteri">
var.
<emphasis id="B490EAD4FFE8FFBF2A0D0873FA7C8F07" bold="true" box="[1385,1450,1284,1306]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">besteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>