270 lines
39 KiB
XML
270 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="286497" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.113132" ID-GBIF-Dataset="176d4ae2-e0d9-4b94-ae9c-c830d51b0e51" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-1-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1210F909E99A5AFB91BAE931C248CECA" ID-ZooBank="D84B5915751E4BACBB3AA45E9282FE29" ModsDocID="1860-0743-100-1-129" checkinTime="1706312111706" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hasegawa, Naohiro, Hookabe, Natsumi, Fujiwara, Yoshihiro, Jimi, Naoto & Kajihara, Hiroshi" docDate="2024" docId="0DCF628567105EF58A4B80876FB60861" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 100(1): 129-140" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (1)" docPubDate="2024-01-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.113132" docTitle="Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="1210F909E99A5AFB91BAE931C248CECA" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="1210F909E99A5AFB91BAE931C248CECA" masterDocTitle="Supplemental re-description of a deep-sea ascidian, Fimbrora calsubia (Ascidiacea, Enterogona), with an inference of its phylogenetic position" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1706312715003" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B5B1A51A2799F05D94896F9816C75C4E">
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<mods:title id="F40795A6AEAB0A6908D686FBBF37A533">Supplemental re-description of a deep-sea ascidian, Fimbrora calsubia (Ascidiacea, Enterogona), with an inference of its phylogenetic position</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90482A9EBA45259F5EF253C388011433">Hasegawa, Naohiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E442428072E61E4829AB5B92B0E9D6EF">Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kitaku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C36EE1513D0ACAF2FB1D5C2E870E12BE" type="email">uuuuu-hasegawa@eis.hokudai.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C749DFEDA921DB736E88624ED60DE62E">Hookabe, Natsumi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8C32A2007D092AA812F732E4DB55E8EA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-8614</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1444B6664DDBD50666AABC7A022E6BEB">Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237 - 0061, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8DAD82A4F1B9296F6946FB69F5069294">Fujiwara, Yoshihiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="50A14BCEFACA76578C919AAB9052CF57">Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237 - 0061, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="AF874A57433CCA7FB1E62DBF7F36B4D7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F18C04BCF4A80A0F56F18018456366E3">Jimi, Naoto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF6D490BC9D0E4034CB0D56DC94B9A33" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-3320</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="57B2718468242B5129B185A3FEA4474F">Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, 429 - 63 Sugashima, Toba, Mie 517 - 0004, Japan & Centre for Marine & Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8BFAD3E55C333A250D28E39412529ACB">Kajihara, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="97C5842202768EF9F14E54CF1E4A46BE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6510-9355</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F15138A48D3EA5684D5E626FCBA8BE71">Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kitaku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="25490D035672FCC533ADF75CCBE81777">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0DCF628567105EF58A4B80876FB60861" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DCF628567105EF58A4B80876FB60861" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DCF628567105EF58A4B80876FB60861" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="3163AA9113487FA53DB56F2B17F76CCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2F17D2649D6D23AE0BDAC91161F0D39C" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="39B644F96F6586F2427A703F27A3C745" LSID="0DCF6285-6710-5EF5-8A4B-80876FB60861" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1991" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Fimbrora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fimbrora calsubia" order="Enterogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calsubia">Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991a</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="10739BC39CAA05E26922FD47AD38B6B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7131ED30A2458AAD43920A3530DA3506" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<figureCitation id="C325718AA5F34B7B9C8EF3C57459F75E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BFCBE9F99407F5DFC0BB323B19374244" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1A83693073C34B288AB5B3F20CE4BACA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6EB2674D69DA5AACF74FEAC0EE346CFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E945461F17E798F6C7023029A7FA1693" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="DE2BF2AB8A9B12EA00D780530AFE15C1" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1991" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Fimbrora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fimbrora calsubia" order="Enterogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calsubia">Fimbrora calsubia</taxonomicName>
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Monniot & Monniot, 1991a, p. 384, figs 1-6;
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<bibRefCitation id="9CEE047C63D83044F6B571EE92B34108" author="Monniot, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="355 - 359" refId="B37" refString="Monniot, C, 1993. Tunicata: Sur trois especes d'ascidies bathyales recoltees au cours de la campagne franco-indonesienne Karubar. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 158: 355 - 359" title="Tunicata: Sur trois especes d'ascidies bathyales recoltees au cours de la campagne franco-indonesienne Karubar." volume="158" year="1993">Monniot (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 356;
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<bibRefCitation id="0C255AD03B717A407A240190B9736F71" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.5" author="Monniot, F" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="529 - 538" refId="B42" refString="Monniot, F, Lopez-Legentil, S, 2017. Deep-sea ascidians from Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa 4276 (4): 529 - 538, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.5" title="Deep-sea ascidians from Papua New Guinea." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.5" volume="4276" year="2017">
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Monniot and
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<normalizedToken id="79ED930B0620275B7AB3ABA992FC38A2" originalValue="López-Legentil">Lopez-Legentil</normalizedToken>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 531, figs 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3C7F9EFC86A0AAA3A610EF0081295D22" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="new japanese name">
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<paragraph id="2E13DE7F2EF782477067AB85F5C8AFCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">New Japanese name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1720B2BEFEAC2CF72426B9E8D86A8886" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="AD86C65514AAF5470F492B96E1803BFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Yorifusa-boya</emphasis>
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, from
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<emphasis id="95BD2048BAD4282FF429A94D970E69E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">yorifusa</emphasis>
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, an ornament for kimonos and Japanese accessories and
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<emphasis id="813C5D31A6A6F895355865F2C13EEB47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">boya</emphasis>
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, a phonological variant of
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<emphasis id="12853599B2C45C10C35CC57DB1F98CD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">hoya</emphasis>
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, meaning a sea squirt.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="714B9025AE3DEB81ABC8152BC66A6F1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="955DE548F472CB6AC9936D5BC3853492" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B345E9921EF081087EBAB8C0F0F3D9C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<materialsCitation id="EBCF22C77FDD6986093989A789D4D35A" collectingDate="2022-09-26" collectorName="One, No., N. Hookabe" country="Japan" elevation="2027" latitude="30.784166" location="Pacific" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="138.74533" municipality="Honshu" specimenCount="1">
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<collectorName id="1548C554DDB4CBE8CEADF53F05B634F6">One</collectorName>
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individual, JAMSTEC
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<collectorName id="37880968A89C8A4C24929C7D8B808685">No.</collectorName>
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111618, collected by
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<collectorName id="0A8A21CE830F3A15CFCD5FEC87162C0A">N. Hookabe</collectorName>
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on
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<collectingDate id="D6FC44F176D355BD6AC816B50D582B92" value="2022-09-26">26 September 2022</collectingDate>
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, about
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<quantity id="5BE50E4383EC5714C7D1CA2B6AE6B9AA" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="400.0">400 km</quantity>
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off the
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<location id="1DD58FF78D4D4A9ED0EBB2BC1521C848" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DCF628567105EF58A4B80876FB60861:1DD58FF78D4D4A9ED0EBB2BC1521C848" country="Japan" latitude="30.784166" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="138.74533" municipality="Honshu" name="Pacific">Pacific</location>
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coast of middle
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<collectingMunicipality id="91A87587D83C2F9CD955923B584555B8">Honshu</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="2120016AA0F28C7B1ACB92ACAD5CE4E7" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="193FF89F05044424EBB5C28A137A078A" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="47.05" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="30.784166">30°47.05'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="738E76472409C42F648E0532ED14D297" degrees="138" direction="east" minutes="44.72" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="138.74533">138°44.72'E</geoCoordinate>
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, at a depth of
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<quantity id="AB96F75B467B59F97BF23BE0E9965289" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.027" unit="m" value="2027.0">
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<elevation id="CB8F00793F8BDFE67E04A3C2098274CD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.027" unit="m" value="2027.0">2027 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0450CBF808F9026E2FC88AA61EEF8727" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maps showing the sampling site (red circle), south of Houei Seamount (of which the top is indicated with a red triangle). The images were generated by using GMT 6 (Wessel et al. 2019), based on grid data provided by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974621" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">1</figureCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3FEB316380538D7113A966AA7114CA3C" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CA4F417C9483979DDBCB20C38B2114BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A78C9112B951394F875CBFEC3737FB5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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Individual ca. 20 cm in length including oral siphon (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0505F51D7687B261ACEF9F573B695570" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2A, B</figureCitation>
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). Tunic opaque and gelatinous; blood vessels running on surface of tunic (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="39A039532F9700B71C1D6297D551AAD0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2B</figureCitation>
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); fine warts, each about 0.5 mm in diameter, scattered evenly over entire tunic. Body attached to substrate with its posterior end (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="18442AA39046F9733209A161200D6EC4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Oral siphon enlarged, ca. 10 cm in diameter; single annular muscle strand running on outer edge of oral siphon; thread-like lobes, 52 in number, tightly arranged to each other on oral-siphon edge; single groove radially arranged on edge of oral siphon between base of each lobe; muscle strand associated to each lobe, running on inner wall of oral-siphon edge from lobe base for ca. 1 cm; beneath inner surface of oral siphon, neural cords radially running from neural ganglion (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="2DD71BE367D47D1E9B0F4BE804688C26" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Oral aperture situated 2.5 cm anterior to neural ganglion. Atrial siphon 1.5 cm in diameter; 37 blood vessels longitudinally running on surface of atrial siphon (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="B81DCA3FAA6E505C742D3BF0E4F28BD5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="8010D4DF7CDED927E38CC172B5ADD39B" doi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
|
<paragraph id="9F49EE2AC6E1FC18BF090202D240CBEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<emphasis id="E08915C8E63B14D68A7BD9178B3DCC62" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4042155D369CDAF9120507FC30B78096" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1991" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Fimbrora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fimbrora calsubia" order="Enterogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calsubia">
|
|
<emphasis id="FE44D63674110CEA749329ED75848F2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fimbrora calsubia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Monniot & Monniot, 1991a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618.
|
|
<emphasis id="0ACE25CBA1B667F86B221C06A91B0ECD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A.</emphasis>
|
|
The individual
|
|
<emphasis id="B9612DD11C39D25FFC35456DB3BEC5EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">in situ</emphasis>
|
|
(white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow);
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EC876C1BDD5515AC93252F9C184D25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B.</emphasis>
|
|
Left view in life;
|
|
<emphasis id="6127968CD899811799A2647F46DEB62D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C.</emphasis>
|
|
Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state;
|
|
<emphasis id="5B69AA858C8499AF639D3390A7D9E0F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D.</emphasis>
|
|
Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="F0F0A1E30C79DB0D3F5CA1C384F474E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Body wall attached to tunic on oral siphon, heart and renal vesicles; irregular cavity existing between tunic and body wall; inner surface of tunic covered with epithelial tissue. Neural ganglion situated between oral siphon and atrial siphon. On base of oral siphon, 105 oral tentacles present, each being ca. 8 mm in length. Peripharyngeal band made of single lamina running in a short distance posterior to oral tentacles, forming V-shape posterior to neural gland aperture (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="77876CBDCBD45F1B3E1442212BEEDCBC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3A</figureCitation>
|
|
); latter being single in number, almost straight in shape (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C0DD47E6B8DD0CE9C96A10FB9E3FDD5D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3A</figureCitation>
|
|
) and opening at dorsal tubercle. Pharynx connected by mesenteries to peripharyngeal epithelium; mesenteries 0.5-3.0 mm in diameter (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="70D1CA74CD8670510A5F82EBC926A458" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Smooth dorsal lamina running along mid-line on ventral side of pharynx (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7394C67026A4B09871EFC09879EED90B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Longitudinal and transverse vessels running on inner surface of pharynx (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="256F8CBAF1C21E45E27755E9E0D24FE0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3C</figureCitation>
|
|
); 6-10 stigmata without lateral cilia per mesh (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="4A745B5D8822F969092706869F2F7CB1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Secondary branchial papillae present on intersections of longitudinal and transverse vessels (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C87F9CF79BAE230D4F260CEC8FD3A688" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618). A. Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina; B. Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side; C. Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="9670D346BE9CE0DEFC8EA16CE6A6DE97" doi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974623" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph id="324B26E370D765846A28C45DB2992C3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<emphasis id="B19BAB34F453F1AEE56B680D68FD921C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="21559E3C7D3A0C619A14AE03109E774F" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1991" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Fimbrora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fimbrora calsubia" order="Enterogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calsubia">
|
|
<emphasis id="975F548952D799DFD8EDC1485F3B8F7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fimbrora calsubia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Monniot & Monniot, 1991a (JAMSTEC No. 111618).
|
|
<emphasis id="C57E558DA3C6AA67CAB8F5FC696651FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A.</emphasis>
|
|
Drawing of dissected specimen, showing the shape of neural-gland aperture, peripharyngeal band and dorsal lamina;
|
|
<emphasis id="382ABD1AD84CF5DFDCAAD9A807C557E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B.</emphasis>
|
|
Photograph of dissected pharynx cut open from ventral side;
|
|
<emphasis id="0AEF2D4EC45D7BDBA001C4F259B0FBBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C.</emphasis>
|
|
Magnification of the rectangle on B, showing the arrangement of longitudinal vessels, transverse vessels, stigmata and secondary branchial papillae (indicated with arrows).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="B3661A82E83A60C518964BFA53522194" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Digestive tract positioned on left side of body (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="AABE7A12ED2BC9C45968DDB7562AE136" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Oesophagus opening to left side of dorso-posterior part of pharynx. Stomach about 1.5 cm in length, having 10 folds, surrounded with renal vesicles (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="526CFCC8C01F03ED33D9183F47522B1B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
|
|
); multiple crustaceans (probably copepods) found in stomach lumen (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6B9F471D1927EE325AD3352D0C9CD511" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Intestinal loop S-shaped, having primary loop and secondary loop; intestine ca. 7 cm in length, ca. 5 mm in diameter (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="43C8A2906A271B7BCD2133F050FD3FBF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Anus smoothly edged, opening close to atrial siphon (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="0C8902A23DA6B36EB28D7B44234E2B13" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="652F15B870A68595DBEC946C7C27F4B3" doi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph id="71D73F43A49D91D0F79BE63BBC6D1D37" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
<emphasis id="411ED8409DEED9F0579C6055F691DBB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E1351C48F0C9713FF6093F356D7F9E78" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1991" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Fimbrora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fimbrora calsubia" order="Enterogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calsubia">
|
|
<emphasis id="DC81B40C7EC6850DB43891F8BDADD7CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Fimbrora calsubia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Monniot & Monniot, 1991a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen.
|
|
<emphasis id="3831A229490FCF58F5CF1314D3554E5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A.</emphasis>
|
|
Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system;
|
|
<emphasis id="B84F7B5A9CFE7C7A046B8E9CAE97BCC0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">B.</emphasis>
|
|
Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds;
|
|
<emphasis id="09540B4C23FED5E7134FEAAF433F50A5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C.</emphasis>
|
|
Gonads;
|
|
<emphasis id="14E96869BC4759311E76CBF33B2D8787" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">D.</emphasis>
|
|
Magnification of the rectangle on
|
|
<emphasis id="29C527ADE0F71BEDA1D988395EAB7DF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
|
|
, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="40E0FACF0A383D6A814B3D5B2ECBE255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
Gonad situated proximally on intestinal loop (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="F6A926DD504486C87761E4CBFE9F5500" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Ovaries surrounded with male testis (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5E500291EFDC82D022ACFDAE4FF97ADE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Oviduct and spermiduct running along secondary loop, opening close to anus (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="A9B38AEADCEB6827A0D8FAC76A8CEC8A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Eggs contained in ovaries and oviduct, up to 0.2 mm in diameter (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="BC85A3D8A64F29B247845C865E9A799A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a (JAMSTEC No. 111618), photographs of fixed specimen. A. Sinistero-posterior portion of body, viewed from outside, showing alimentary canal and reproductive system; B. Cross section of stomach, showing the prey crustacean (probably a copepod); arrows indicating stomach folds; C. Gonads; D. Magnification of the rectangle on C, showing an ovary containing multiple eggs." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974624" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="25C0C9FC8C1FE24872EC42EBE688ECB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="habitat">
|
|
<paragraph id="A671D1CACFDA9A0A92A54E2FE4FD9A68" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6175CFA1F45015019514D8528F728A32" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
|
|
The animal attached itself to a dead sponge in an area with accumulated sand and mud at a depth of 2027 m, where the water temperature was 1.93 °C (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="0BB26B8ED93DF3D49259ED00AF50F5C7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fimbrora calsubia Monniot & Monniot, 1991 a, photographs showing external appearance of JAMSTEC No. 111618. A. The individual in situ (white arrow), attaching to a dead sponge (yellow arrowhead) along with a euplectellid glass sponge (yellow arrow); B. Left view in life; C. Inner surface of the oral siphon in fixed state; D. Enlarged view of atrial siphon in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.113132.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/974622" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2A</figureCitation>
|
|
; Suppl. material 1). It opens the oral aperture in the direction facing the water current (Suppl. material 2). An euplectellid sponge was also found attached to the same substrate. Macrobenthos found around this area included other sponges, octocorals, sandy creeplets, sea anemones and sea lilies.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |