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<mods:title id="4553663DEE9A839D8EDE9E5CFA4EB96E">Monograph of the Australian Bithyniidae (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5098477" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183540020" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5098477" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFCB2CE5BB34D" blockId="28.[264,617,844,870]" box="[264,617,844,870]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="DF4C03672371FFE7FECCFCB2CE5BB34D" bold="true" box="[264,617,844,870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FECCFCB2CE5BB34D" ID-CoL="6JTFP" authority="Cotton, 1942" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[264,617,844,870]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFCB2CE5BB34D" bold="true" box="[264,617,844,870]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFCB2CDF0B34D" bold="true" box="[264,450,844,870]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gabbia iredalei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE0EFCB2CE5BB34D" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[458,617,844,870]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="124 - 129" refId="ref57562" refString="Cotton, B. C. (1942) Australian Gastropoda of the families Hydrobiidae, Assimineidae and Acmeidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 66, 124 - 129." type="journal article" year="1942">Cotton, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFC69CDC5B426" blockId="28.[264,1322,918,1230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FECCFC69CDF7B385" ID-CoL="977cbe93-a71b-44b0-8711-4f51580a6cb5" authorityName="Tate" box="[264,453,919,942]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Bithinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFC69CDF7B385" box="[264,453,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Bithinia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:­
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE1BFC68CEBEB386" author="Tate, R." box="[479,652,918,941]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref60303" refString="Tate, R. (1896) Mollusca. In Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen &amp; Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 181 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Tate, 1896: 210</bibRefCitation>
(R Neales and Storm Ck, near Oodnadatta,,
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FB44FC68C918B386" box="[1152,1322,918,941]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Australia</collectingRegion>
(alive ­
<typeStatus id="5B000AA92371FFE7FE49FC48CD89B3E6" box="[397,443,950,973]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FDFDFC49CE9BB3E5" ID-CoL="6JTFP" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[569,681,950,974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FDFDFC49CE7BB3E5" box="[569,585,951,974]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FD93FC49CE9BB3E5" box="[599,681,951,974]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); in dry bed of Blood's Ck and Boggy Flat (not seen), near Mt Daniel (not seen);
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FDE9FC28CECEB3C6" author="Hedley, C." box="[557,764,982,1005]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="220 - 226" refId="ref58488" refString="Hedley, C. (1896) Notes on anatomical characters. In: Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen and Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 220 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Hedley (1896: 220</bibRefCitation>
, fig. A (head­foot, operculum), B (radula) in text). Non
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FEA9FC08CDC1B426" author="Tryon, G. W." box="[365,499,1014,1037]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="219 - 222" refId="ref60529" refString="Tryon, G. W. (1865) Descriptions of new species of Amnicola, Pomatiopsis, Pomatogyrus, Gabbia, Hydrobia and Rissoa. American Journal of Conchology, 1, 219 - 222." type="journal article" year="1865">Tryon, 1865</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFBE8CF24B466" blockId="28.[264,1322,918,1230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4AB93252371FFE7FECCFBE8CF24B466" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="051A921A2371FFE7FECCFBE8CEB2B406" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[264,640,1046,1070]" page="126" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1942">
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FECCFBE8CEB2B406" ID-CoL="6JTFP" authority="Cotton, 1942: 126" authorityName="Cotton" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1942" box="[264,640,1046,1070]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFBE8CD80B405" bold="true" box="[264,434,1046,1070]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gabbia iredalei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE7EFBE8CEB2B406" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[442,640,1046,1069]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="124 - 129" refId="ref57562" refString="Cotton, B. C. (1942) Australian Gastropoda of the families Hydrobiidae, Assimineidae and Acmeidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 66, 124 - 129." type="journal article" year="1942">Cotton, 1942: 126</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Storm Ck, Oodnadatta, etc.,
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FC79FBE8C85AB406" box="[957,1128,1046,1069]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Australia</collectingRegion>
.
<typeStatus id="5B000AA92371FFE7FBB7FBE8C8E4B406" box="[1139,1238,1046,1069]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
SAMA D14098 (
<treatmentCitation id="051A921A2371FFE7FE58FBC8CE79B466" author="Smith, B. J." box="[412,587,1078,1101]" page="33" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE58FBC8CE79B466" author="Smith, B. J." box="[412,587,1078,1101]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="8" refId="ref59878" refString="Smith, B. J. (1992) Non-marine Mollusca. In: Houston, W. W. K. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra." type="book chapter" year="1992">Smith, 1992: 33</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, as
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FDB7FBC9CF34B465" box="[627,774,1079,1102]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">incertae sedis</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFBA8CE58B486" blockId="28.[264,1322,918,1230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4AB93252371FFE7FECCFBA8CE58B486" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="051A921A2371FFE7FECCFBA8CEBFB446" author="Iredale, T." box="[264,653,1110,1134]" page="206" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FECCFBA8CEBFB446" ID-CoL="6JTG7" authority="Iredale, 1943: 206" authorityName="Iredale" authorityPageNumber="206" authorityYear="1943" box="[264,653,1110,1134]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="centralia">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFBA8CDF3B445" bold="true" box="[264,449,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gabbia centralia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE03FBA8CEBFB446" author="Iredale, T." box="[455,653,1110,1133]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="188 - 230" refId="ref58639" refString="Iredale, T. (1943) A basic list of the freshwater Mollusca of Australia. Australian Zoologist, 10, 188 - 230." type="journal article" year="1943">Iredale, 1943: 206</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
; Oodnadatta,
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FCE4FBA8CFF9B446" box="[800,971,1110,1133]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Australia</collectingRegion>
. Based on the material described by
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FE9DFB88CDE6B4A6" author="Tate, R." box="[345,468,1142,1165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref60303" refString="Tate, R. (1896) Mollusca. In Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen &amp; Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 181 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Tate (1896)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FDC3FB88CE96B4A6" author="Hedley, C." box="[519,676,1142,1165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="220 - 226" refId="ref58488" refString="Hedley, C. (1896) Notes on anatomical characters. In: Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen and Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 220 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Hedley (1896)</bibRefCitation>
, other
<typeStatus id="5B000AA92371FFE7FD28FB88CF28B4A6" box="[748,794,1142,1165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
material not designated;
<treatmentCitation id="051A921A2371FFE7FBE2FB88C8E2B4A6" author="Smith, B. J." box="[1062,1232,1142,1165]" page="32" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FBE2FB88C8E2B4A6" author="Smith, B. J." box="[1062,1232,1142,1165]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="8" refId="ref59878" refString="Smith, B. J. (1992) Non-marine Mollusca. In: Houston, W. W. K. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra." type="book chapter" year="1992">Smith, 1992: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FE5CFB69CE6DB486" ID-CoL="977cbe93-a71b-44b0-8711-4f51580a6cb5" authority="Tryon" authorityName="Tryon" box="[408,607,1174,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Bithinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FE5CFB69CE21B485" box="[408,531,1175,1198]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G. australis</emphasis>
Tryon
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFB49C8B4B4E6" blockId="28.[264,1322,918,1230]" box="[264,1158,1206,1230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FECCFB49CD8EB4E5" ID-CoL="5WKDQ" authorityName="Tate" box="[264,444,1207,1230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFB49CD8EB4E5" box="[264,444,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gabbia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:­ Ponder &amp; DeKeyzer, 1998: 760, fig. 15.116A. Non
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2371FFE7FC3FFB48C8B0B4E6" author="Tryon, G. W." box="[1019,1154,1206,1229]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="219 - 222" refId="ref60529" refString="Tryon, G. W. (1865) Descriptions of new species of Amnicola, Pomatiopsis, Pomatogyrus, Gabbia, Hydrobia and Rissoa. American Journal of Conchology, 1, 219 - 222." type="journal article" year="1865">Tryon, 1865</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCA1E7802371FFE7FECCFB01CFDBB5CA" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FECCFB01CDD4B533" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" box="[264,486,1279,1304]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCFB01CDD4B533" box="[264,486,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FEFCFAD9CEFBB542" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FEFCFAD9CD48B56B" box="[312,378,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Types</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="5B000AA92371FFE7FE48FAD9CDCBB56A" box="[396,505,1319,1345]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882371FFE7FDE2FAD9CE91B56B" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[550,675,1319,1344]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FDE2FAD9CE91B56B" box="[550,675,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G. iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; other topotypic material from Horn Expedition (
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FB3EFAD9C919B56A" box="[1274,1323,1319,1345]" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MV</collectionCode>
F.54870; MV F.54829; AMS C.2151).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FEFCFA89CDC0B5BB" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" box="[312,498,1399,1424]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FEFCFA89CDC0B5BB" box="[312,498,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Other material:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FEFCFA60CFDBB5CA" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="34D3BE562371FFE7FEFCFA60CFD7B5CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321535577" collectingDate="1975-05-22" collectionCode="AMS" collectorName="J. Blyth" latitude="-26.89695" location="Goyder Lagoon Dam" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="138.95084" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FEFCFA60CDE4B593" bold="true" box="[312,470,1438,1464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FEFCFA60CDE3B593" box="[312,465,1438,1464]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Queensland</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8164E2D02371FFE7FE24FA61CED0B592" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626:8164E2D02371FFE7FE24FA61CED0B592" box="[480,738,1439,1465]" latitude="-26.89695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="138.95084" name="Goyder Lagoon Dam" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Queensland">Goyder Lagoon Dam</location>
, AMS C.
<locationDeviation id="95B6AD292371FFE7FC9BFA61C8B6B592" box="[863,1156,1439,1465]" location="Birdsville" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="434319EE2371FFE7FC9BFA61CFF4B592" box="[863,966,1439,1465]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.242048" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mi" value="45.0">45 miles</quantity>
S of Birdsville
</locationDeviation>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FECCFA39CD80B5CA" box="[264,434,1479,1505]" degrees="138" direction="east" minutes="57.050" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="138.95084">138° 57.050'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="F00592CB2371FFE7FE7AFA39CE5BB5CA" box="[446,617,1479,1505]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1975-05-22">
<collectingDate id="E0416B232371FFE7FE7AFA39CE5BB5CA" box="[446,617,1479,1505]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1975-05-22">22 MAY 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FDB1FA39CEFEB5CA" box="[629,716,1479,1505]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J.Blyth</collectorName>
, (
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FD24FA39CF13B5CA" box="[736,801,1479,1505]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">AMS</collectionCode>
C.417602, 20+)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCA1E7802371FFE5FEFCFA10CF8FB626" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FEFCFA10CE97B61A" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="34D3BE562371FFE7FEFCFA10CE93B61A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321535304" collectionCode="MV" collectorName="W. B. Spencer" country="Australia" latitude="-23.73" location="Finke Gorge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="132.66167" municipality="Central" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="F 751, 3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FEFCFA10CE04B623" bold="true" box="[312,566,1518,1544]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FEFCFA10CE00B623" box="[312,562,1518,1544]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8164E2D02371FFE7FD86FA11CEEEB622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626:8164E2D02371FFE7FD86FA11CEEEB622" box="[578,732,1519,1545]" country="Australia" latitude="-23.73" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="132.66167" municipality="Central" name="Finke Gorge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Finke Gorge</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="64602E712371FFE7FD28FA11CF70B622" box="[748,834,1519,1545]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Central</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry id="FCACF49B2371FFE7FC89FA11CF8EB622" box="[845,956,1519,1545]" name="Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FC0FFA11C85BB622" box="[971,1129,1519,1545]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="43.800" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-23.73">23° 43.800'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FBBDFA11C915B622" box="[1145,1319,1519,1545]" degrees="132" direction="east" minutes="39.700" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="132.66167">132° 39.700'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1912,
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FE95F9E9CDDEB61A" box="[337,492,1559,1585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W.B.Spencer</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FE3FF9E9CE1EB61A" box="[507,556,1559,1585]" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MV</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="D41D1C702371FFE7FDF7F9E9CE4BB61A" box="[563,633,1559,1585]" collectionCode="MV" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F 751</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="D41D1C702371FFE7FD41F9E9CEA7B61A" box="[645,661,1559,1585]" collectionCode="MV" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE7FEFCF9C0CFA7B6D2" blockId="28.[264,1324,1279,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="34D3BE562371FFE7FEFCF9C0CDF8B682" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321535342" accessionNumber="F 54829, F 54870" collectionCode="MV, R" collectorName="W. B. Spencer" latitude="-27.283333" location="Oodnadatta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.48334" municipality="Storm Ck" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Australia">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FEFCF9C0CE3FB673" bold="true" box="[312,525,1598,1624]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92371FFE7FEFCF9C0CE3AB673" box="[312,520,1598,1624]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Australia</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="64602E712371FFE7FDDDF9C1CEA3B672" box="[537,657,1599,1625]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Storm Ck</collectingMunicipality>
, near
<location id="8164E2D02371FFE7FD25F9C1CF59B672" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626:8164E2D02371FFE7FD25F9C1CF59B672" box="[737,875,1599,1625]" latitude="-27.283333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.48334" municipality="Storm Ck" name="Oodnadatta" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="South Australia">Oodnadatta</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FCB8F9C1C828B672" box="[892,1050,1599,1625]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="17.000" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-27.283333">27° 17.000'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FBEFF9C1C8E8B672" box="[1067,1242,1599,1625]" degrees="135" direction="east" minutes="29.000" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="135.48334">135° 29.000'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1897,
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FECCF999CD93B6AA" box="[264,417,1639,1665]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W.B.Spencer</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FE72F999CDD5B6AA" box="[438,487,1639,1665]" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MV</collectionCode>
<accessionNumber id="9BE829E82371FFE7FE37F999CE6EB6AA" box="[499,604,1639,1665]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F54829" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">F 54829</accessionNumber>
,
<specimenCode id="D41D1C702371FFE7FDA9F999CE4CB6AA" box="[621,638,1639,1665]" collectionCode="MV" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2</specimenCode>
), same locality, “waterfall”, 1912,
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FBEBF999C8FAB6AA" box="[1071,1224,1639,1665]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W.B.Spencer</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FB19F999C93CB6AA" box="[1245,1294,1639,1665]" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MV</collectionCode>
<accessionNumber id="9BE829E82371FFE7FADFF999CD66B682" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F54870" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">F 54870</accessionNumber>
, several);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="34D3BE562371FFE7FE12F971CDD4B6FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321535317" accessionNumber="F 54829, F 54870" collectingDate="1894-05" collectingDateMax="1987-02-18" collectingDateMin="1894-05" collectionCode="MV, R" collectorName="W. B. Spencer" latitude="-27.283333" location="Oodnadatta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.48334" municipality="Storm Ck" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Australia">
Neales
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FDF7F971CE7BB682" box="[563,585,1679,1705]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R</collectionCode>
, near
<collectingMunicipality id="64602E712371FFE7FD5DF971CF11B682" box="[665,803,1679,1705]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Oodnadatta</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FCF0F971CFE1B682" box="[820,979,1679,1705]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="33.000" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-27.55">27° 33.000'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FC20F971C8A1B682" box="[996,1171,1679,1705]" degrees="135" direction="east" minutes="27.000" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="135.45">135° 27.000'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="F00592CB2371FFE7FB67F971C91EB682" box="[1187,1324,1679,1705]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1894-05">
<collectingDate id="E0416B232371FFE7FB67F971C91EB682" box="[1187,1324,1679,1705]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1894-05">MAY 1894</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FED4F949CD63B6FA" box="[272,337,1719,1745]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">AMS</collectionCode>
C.2151, 2);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="34D3BE562371FFE7FE35F949CFA3B6D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321535466" collectingDate="1894-05" collectingDateMax="1987-02-18" collectingDateMin="1894-05" collectionCode="AMS, SAM" collectorName="NW Branch &amp; J. T. Puckridge" latitude="-27.5" location="Branch of Coopers Ck" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="140.15" municipality="Oodnadatta" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="TD 14431, 6" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Australia">
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FE35F949CEB0B6FA" box="[497,642,1719,1745]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
NW
<location id="8164E2D02371FFE7FDEAF949CEB0B6FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C12051D2371FFE5FECCFCB2CF8FB626:8164E2D02371FFE7FDEAF949CEB0B6FA" box="[558,642,1719,1745]" latitude="-27.5" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="140.15" municipality="Oodnadatta" name="Branch of Coopers Ck" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="South Australia">Branch</location>
</collectorName>
of Coopers Ck,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FC91F949CFC0B6FA" box="[853,1010,1719,1745]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="30.000" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-27.5">27° 30.000'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2371FFE7FBC6F949C890B6FA" box="[1026,1186,1719,1745]" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="9.000" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="140.15">140° 9.000'E</geoCoordinate>
, ephemeral pool,
<date id="F00592CB2371FFE7FE8FF921CDDBB6D2" box="[331,489,1759,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1987-02-18">
<collectingDate id="E0416B232371FFE7FE8FF921CDDBB6D2" box="[331,489,1759,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1987-02-18">18 FEB 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="294ED1DD2371FFE7FE32F921CEA5B6D2" box="[502,663,1759,1785]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J.T.Puckridge</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="E2AA2CCE2371FFE7FD62F921CED5B6D2" box="[678,743,1759,1785]" country="South Africa" name="South African Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SAM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="D41D1C702371FFE7FD2BF921CF58B6D2" box="[751,874,1759,1785]" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" name="South African Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">TD 14431</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="D41D1C702371FFE7FCB1F921CFB4B6D2" box="[885,902,1759,1785]" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" name="South African Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">6</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2371FFE6FECCF8D1C8CFB1FD" blockId="28.[264,1322,1839,1905]" lastBlockId="29.[264,1322,284,550]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192371FFE7FECCF8D1CDA0B763" box="[264,402,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
Shell (
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2371FFE7FE41F8A9CDD7B75A" box="[389,485,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="17.[264,368,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,319,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-185@17.[264,1324,307,1474]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 1. Shells of type specimens: A, Bithynia vertiginosa Frauenfeld 1862, holotype, NHMV, shell length 6.79 mm; B, Gabbia iredalei Cotton 1942, holotype, SAM, D14098, shell length 6.97 mm; C, Gabbia australis suspecta Iredale 1944, syntype, AMS, C.51675, shell length 6.54 mm; D, Gabbia australis suspecta Iredale 1944, syntype, AMS, C.100600, shell length 4.65 mm; E; Bithynia schraderi Frauenfeld 1862, holotype, NHMV, shell length 6.46 mm; F, Bithinia hyalina Brazier 1875, syntype, AMS, C.110159, shell length 4.98 mm; G, Bithinia hyalina Brazier 1875, syntype, MMS A69, shell length 6.63 mm; H, Gabbia australis Tryon, 1865, probable paralectotype, AMS, C.110160, shell length 5.43 mm; I, Gabbia affinis Smith 1882, topotype, AMS, C.2515, shell length 4.44 mm; J, Bithinia australis Smith, 1882 (= Gabbia smithii Tate 1882), lectotype, BMNH, 197748, shell length 3.20 mm; K, Gabbia microcosta n.sp., holotype, AMS, C.417677, shell length, 8.51 mm; L, Gabbia spiralis, n. sp., holotype, AMS, C.417682, shell length 4.56 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019113/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2371FFE7FE37F8A9CE26B75A" box="[499,532,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="18.[264,368,1671,1695]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,321,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-106@18.[264,1322,321,1648]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shells: A E, Gabbia vertiginosa, A, AMS, C.203392, B ­ D, AMS, C.308015, E, AMS, C.332890; F, Gabbia iredalei, AMS, C.337418; G K, Gabbia campicola, G, AMS, C.344345, H, holotype, C.417664, I, paratype, C.332829, J, K, MV, F.54869; L­N, Gabbia kendricki, L, holotype, WAM S10877, M,N, paratypes, AMS C.203378; Scales: A E, L­N, 500 m, F, 2 mm, G K, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019116/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2F</figureCitation>
) of moderate size for genus (up to
<quantity id="434319EE2371FFE7FC72F8A9C822B75A" box="[950,1040,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="7.9">7.9 mm</quantity>
in length), ovate­conic, with up to about 4.6 convex whorls. Protoconch not examined. Teleoconch sculptured with fine collabral striae; base evenly convex; umbilicus closed (represented by a chink) to narrowly open. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome thickened on inner lip in adults; outer lip prosocline, thickened slightly within in adults; adults with one or a few varices. Shell opaque to slightly translucent; periostracum thin to moderate, yellow­brown to brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FEFCFE1ACEDAB20D" blockId="29.[264,1322,284,550]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Dimensions. See
<tableCitation id="C93981B02370FFE6FDC7FE1ACE68B1D5" box="[515,602,484,510]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="29.[264,352,630,654]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="TABLE 2. Dimensions of holotype of Gabbia iredalei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E4832370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="D0C4E4832370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6">Table 2</tableCitation>
for dimensions of
<typeStatus id="5B000AA92370FFE6FCF1FE1ACFA9B1D5" box="[821,923,484,510]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and Appendix,
<tableCitation id="C93981B02370FFE6FB90FE1AC88EB1D5" box="[1108,1212,484,510]" captionStart="TABLE 29" captionStartId="118.[264,352,348,372]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="TABLE 29. Shell measurements and teleoconch whorl counts. The figures given are the minimum ­ maximum (mean) and standard deviation. The number of specimens measured is given in parentheses in the second column and in a few cases a smaller number of specimens is noted for the whorl counts. All material is AMS unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E483231BFF8DFECCFEA2CF4BB1F8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="D0C4E483231BFF8DFECCFEA2CF4BB1F8">Table 29</tableCitation>
, for summary shell dimensions and whorl counts.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D0C4E4832370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6" ID-Table-UUID="D0C4E4832370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6" box="[264,853,630,654]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E4832370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[264,352,630,654]" targetBox="[270,1281,693,796]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FECCFD88CF67B2A6" blockId="29.[264,853,630,654]" box="[264,853,630,654]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192370FFE6FECCFD88CD49B2A5" bold="true" box="[264,379,630,654]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Dimensions of holotype of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882370FFE6FD61FD89CF7CB2A5" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[677,846,631,654]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192370FFE6FD61FD89CF7CB2A5" box="[677,846,631,654]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gabbia iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FE58FD4BC8E5B337" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<table id="F6BB46AB23700004FECAFD4BC933B337" box="[270,1281,693,796]" gridcols="7" gridrows="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<tr id="3A8BB64923700004FECAFD4BC933B2E7" box="[270,1281,693,716]" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="795ADF3523700004FE58FD4BCDD5B2E7" box="[412,487,693,716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Length</th>
<th id="795ADF3523700004FDC8FD4BCE7FB2E7" box="[524,589,693,716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Width</th>
<th id="795ADF3523700004FDB3FD4BCEE4B2E7" box="[631,726,693,716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aperture</th>
<th id="795ADF3523700004FCD3FD4BCF44B2E7" box="[791,886,693,716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aperture</th>
<th id="795ADF3523700004FC71FD4BC87BB2E7" box="[949,1097,693,716]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Length of last</th>
<th id="795ADF3523700004FB49FD4BC933B2E7" box="[1165,1281,693,716]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Number of</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3A8BB64923700004FECAFD29C933B2C5" box="[270,1281,727,750]" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="795ADF3523700004FDB3FD29CEE4B2C5" box="[631,726,727,750]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">length</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FCD3FD29CF44B2C5" box="[791,886,727,750]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">width</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FC71FD29C87BB2C5" box="[949,1097,727,750]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">whorl</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FB49FD29C933B2C5" box="[1165,1281,727,750]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">whorls</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3A8BB64923700004FECAFCFBC933B337" box="[270,1281,773,796]" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<th id="795ADF3523700004FECAFCFBCD43B337" box="[270,369,773,796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Holotype</th>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FE58FCFBCDD5B337" box="[412,487,773,796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">6.97</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FDC8FCFBCE7FB337" box="[524,589,773,796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">5.5</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FDB3FCFBCEE4B337" box="[631,726,773,796]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">3.79</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FCD3FCFBCF44B337" box="[791,886,773,796]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">3.05</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FC71FCFBC87BB337" box="[949,1097,773,796]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">5.37</td>
<td id="795ADF3523700004FB49FCFBC933B337" box="[1165,1281,773,796]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">4.6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FEFCFC83CF64B394" blockId="29.[264,1323,893,1479]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Operculum (
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2370FFE6FE09FC83CE17B3BC" box="[461,549,893,919]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="21.[264,368,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[276,1322,564,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-163@21.[264,1324,543,1649]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 4. Opercula: A ­ E, Gabbia vertiginosa, A, B, AMS, C.203392, C, D, AMS, C.308015, E, AMS, C.332890; F, Gabbia iredalei, MV F.54870; G ­ I, Gabbia campicola, paratype, AMS, C.332829; J ­ L, Gabbia kendricki, AMS, C.337372; A, C, E ­ H, J, K, outer side; B, D, I, L, inner side; Scales: 500 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019120/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
) typical of genus. Ovate, yellowish­white, with few, distinct concentric growth ridges; inner surface not examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FEFCFC33C866B564" blockId="29.[264,1323,893,1479]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Radula (Appendix
<tableCitation id="C93981B02370FFE6FDD8FC33CEB5B3CC" box="[540,647,973,999]" captionStart="TABLE 30" captionStartId="123.[264,352,284,308]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="TABLE 30. Radular cusp counts." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E4832316FF80FECCFEE2CE5DB118" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="D0C4E4832316FF80FECCFEE2CE5DB118">Table 30</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2370FFE6FD52FC33CF3EB3CC" box="[662,780,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[264,368,1365,1389]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,321,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-208@22.[264,1324,321,1355]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Radula: A F, Gabbia vertiginosa, A, B, F, AMS, C.203392, C, AMS, C.332890, D, E, AMS, C.308015; G, H, Gabbia iredalei, MV, F.54870; A, C, D, H, central teeth, B, half rows of teeth, E, marginal teeth and lateral teeth, F, lateral teeth, G, half rows of teeth and second row of lateral teeth; Scales: 20 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019122/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 5G,H</figureCitation>
) typical of genus. Central teeth with 3 short, rather blunt cusps on either side of median cusp which is about 1.3­1.4 longer and its base wider, than adjacent cusps; median cusp broadly triangular, tip bluntly pointed. Face of central tooth with 4­6 pairs of cusps that extend just inside lateral margin forming denticulate ridge, inner pair much larger than others, sharp and large (about half total height of tooth); lateral margins straight, at about 60º; basal tongue long, narrow. Lateral teeth with cusp formula 3 + 1 + 3; with cutting edge about 0.4 length of lateral part of tooth; median cusp about 1.4 length of adjacent cusps, triangular, bluntly pointed; upper edge of lateral part of tooth at about 60º to cutting edge, lateral edge distinctly concave with angle. Inner marginal teeth with about 16­20 cusps, outer marginals with 8­11 cusps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FEFCFAA3CEC9B55C" blockId="29.[264,1323,893,1479]" box="[312,763,1373,1399]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Head­foot and anatomy not examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FEFCFA7BCED1B5EC" blockId="29.[264,1323,893,1479]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2370FFE6FE13FA7BCE2FB5B4" box="[471,541,1413,1439]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="26.[264,368,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[276,1298,569,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-233@26.[227,1311,552,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution of Gabbia vertiginosa (o), G. iredalei (), G. cf. iredalei (), G. campicola (), G. fontana (), G. pallidula (☆), G. davisi () and G. rotunda (" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019128/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) and habitat. Central
<collectingCountry id="FCACF49B2370FFE6FCDAFA7BCFBEB5B4" box="[798,908,1413,1439]" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Australia</collectingCountry>
, in pools and waterholes in temporary creek beds. One record from a dam.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE6FECCFA00CD5CB63C" blockId="29.[264,1323,1534,1879]" box="[264,366,1534,1559]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192370FFE6FECCFA00CD5CB63C" box="[264,366,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2370FFE5FEFCF9DBC89CB1FD" blockId="29.[264,1323,1534,1879]" lastBlockId="30.[264,1323,284,1550]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
This species differs from
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882370FFE6FDA3F9D8CF3EB614" box="[615,780,1574,1599]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertiginosa">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192370FFE6FDA3F9D8CF3EB614" box="[615,780,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. vertiginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which is restricted to the eastern parts of the northern half of NSW and southern­most coastal
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92370FFE6FC93F9B3CFD4B64C" box="[855,998,1613,1639]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Queensland</collectingRegion>
), in having a more inflated shell which has a larger last whorl (and hence aperture) and very small to (usually) absent umbilicus. While variation is encountered in both taxa, most specimens can usually be separated on shell characters. The radula of a topotypic specimen is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882370FFE6FAD6F938CDBEB72C" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertiginosa">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192370FFE6FAD6F938CDBEB72C" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. vertiginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in the cutting edge of the central teeth being narrower, and the cusps shorter and blunter (narrowly triangular rather than finger­shaped). The outer marginal teeth have fewer cusps (8­11 compared with 10­18) and the median cusps on the lateral and central teeth are only slightly larger than the adjacent cusps. The outer edges of the lateral teeth are sharply bent (
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2373FFE5FD93FEBACE85B175" box="[599,695,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[264,368,1365,1389]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,321,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-208@22.[264,1324,321,1355]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Radula: A F, Gabbia vertiginosa, A, B, F, AMS, C.203392, C, AMS, C.332890, D, E, AMS, C.308015; G, H, Gabbia iredalei, MV, F.54870; A, C, D, H, central teeth, B, half rows of teeth, E, marginal teeth and lateral teeth, F, lateral teeth, G, half rows of teeth and second row of lateral teeth; Scales: 20 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019122/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
), whereas in
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FC98FEBAC831B176" box="[860,1027,324,349]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertiginosa">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FC98FEBAC831B176" box="[860,1027,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. vertiginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is slightly concave to nearly straight.
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FE05FE92CE59B1AD" author="Hedley, C." box="[449,619,364,390]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="220 - 226" refId="ref58488" refString="Hedley, C. (1896) Notes on anatomical characters. In: Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen and Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 220 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Hedley (1896)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated the radula of one of the topotypes and, although his drawing is rather crude, it shows the same bent outer edge of the lateral teeth. His illustration incorrectly shows many small cusps on the lateral teeth (up to about 18).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2373FFE5FEFCFE1AC870B39D" blockId="30.[264,1323,284,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FEFCFE1ACDE6B1D5" author="Smith, B. J." box="[312,468,484,510]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="8" refId="ref59878" refString="Smith, B. J. (1992) Non-marine Mollusca. In: Houston, W. W. K. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra." type="book chapter" year="1992">Smith (1992)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FDF7FE1ACE8FB1D6" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1943" box="[563,701,484,509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="centralia">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FDF7FE1ACE8FB1D6" box="[563,701,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. centralia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FC49FE1AC860B1D6" box="[909,1106,484,509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FC49FE1AC860B1D6" box="[909,1106,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Gabbia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FBB8FE1AC913B1D6" box="[1148,1313,484,509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertiginosa">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FBB8FE1AC913B1D6" box="[1148,1313,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. vertiginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but listed
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FE45FDF2CDCFB20E" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[385,509,524,549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FE45FDF2CDCFB20E" box="[385,509,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FD97FDF2CECBB20E" box="[595,761,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Incertae sedis</emphasis>
although the synonymy of these two taxa was previously correctly noted by
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FDAEFDCACF22B265" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[618,784,564,590]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="143 - 148" refId="ref57597" refString="Cotton, B. C. (1943) More Australian freshwater shells. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 67, 143 - 148, pls 14 - 19." type="journal article" year="1943">Cotton (1943)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FCDBFDCACFF7B265" author="Cotton, B. C." box="[799,965,564,590]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="124 - 129" refId="ref57562" refString="Cotton, B. C. (1942) Australian Gastropoda of the families Hydrobiidae, Assimineidae and Acmeidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 66, 124 - 129." type="journal article" year="1942">Cotton (1942)</bibRefCitation>
gave the dimensions as
<quantity id="434319EE2373FFE5FB23FDCAC919B265" box="[1255,1323,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
x
<quantity id="434319EE2373FFE5FEE6FDA2CDB0B25D" box="[290,386,604,630]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, and his species was distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FCB3FDA2C830B25E" box="[887,1026,604,629]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FCB3FDA2C830B25E" box="[887,1026,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(p. 127) by its “general shape and comparatively greater width.” Cotton's material was, although he did not state it, based on specimens collected by the Horn Expedition (
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FC74FD52C801B2ED" author="Tate, R." box="[944,1075,684,710]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref60303" refString="Tate, R. (1896) Mollusca. In Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen &amp; Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 181 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Tate, 1896</bibRefCitation>
). Almost at the same time
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FE87FD2ACDD8B2C5" author="Iredale, T." box="[323,490,724,750]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="188 - 230" refId="ref58639" refString="Iredale, T. (1943) A basic list of the freshwater Mollusca of Australia. Australian Zoologist, 10, 188 - 230." type="journal article" year="1943">Iredale (1943)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the name
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FD22FD2ACF9DB2C6" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1943" box="[742,943,724,749]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="centralia">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FD22FD2ACF9DB2C6" box="[742,943,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Gabbia centralia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FBC8FD2AC8E1B2C5" author="Smith, B. J." box="[1036,1235,724,750]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="8" refId="ref59878" refString="Smith, B. J. (1992) Non-marine Mollusca. In: Houston, W. W. K. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra." type="book chapter" year="1992">Smith (1992: 32)</bibRefCitation>
treated as a
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FEF8FD02CDDBB33E" box="[316,489,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">nomen nudum</emphasis>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FDB4FD02CF63B33D" author="Iredale, T." box="[624,849,764,790]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="188 - 230" refId="ref58639" refString="Iredale, T. (1943) A basic list of the freshwater Mollusca of Australia. Australian Zoologist, 10, 188 - 230." type="journal article" year="1943">Iredale (1943: 206)</bibRefCitation>
states “As pointed out by Tate, the Centralian shell is larger.”, a statement that could be construed as “differentiating the taxon” (ICZN, Art. 13.1.1). Fortunately the question of the validity of Iredale's name is unimportant because of Cotton's prior name and because both names are based on the same material from the Horn Expedition, in which only a single species is found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2373FFE5FEFCFC3ACFDDB47D" blockId="30.[264,1323,284,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FEFCFC3ACE2EB3F5" author="Hedley, C." box="[312,540,964,990]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="220 - 226" refId="ref58488" refString="Hedley, C. (1896) Notes on anatomical characters. In: Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen and Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 220 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Hedley (1896: 221)</bibRefCitation>
incorrectly described the operculum of topotypes as seeming “corneous instead of calcareous”.
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FDB5FC12CF0BB42D" author="Tate, R." box="[625,825,1004,1030]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref60303" refString="Tate, R. (1896) Mollusca. In Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen &amp; Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 181 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Tate (1896: 211)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the northern South Australian specimens collected by the Horn Expedition reached a larger size than the east coast
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92373FFE5FB37FBEACDA9B47D" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
material with which they otherwise “fairly agree”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2373FFE5FEFCFB9ACF68B535" blockId="30.[264,1323,284,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
This species is capable of surviving for long periods sealed in its shell.
<bibRefCitation id="E02AC9FA2373FFE5FB46FB9ACD0CB48D" author="Hedley, C." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="220 - 226" refId="ref58488" refString="Hedley, C. (1896) Notes on anatomical characters. In: Spencer, W. B. (ed.) Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia. Pt 2 Zoology. Melville, Mullen and Slade, London and Melbourne, pp. 220 - 226." type="book chapter" year="1896">Hedley (1896: 220)</bibRefCitation>
recorded specimens in mud from central
<collectingCountry id="FCACF49B2373FFE5FC8DFB72CF86B48D" box="[841,948,1164,1190]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Australia</collectingCountry>
reviving promptly after being placed in water after “more than a year”. A similar observation was noted by Spencer (1896: 16) who reported that specimens collected in the bed of a dried up water hole and kept in a tin match box were alive 15 months later.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8404B40B2373FFE5FEFCFAD2CF8FB626" blockId="30.[264,1323,284,1550]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Specimens from a small sample from southeast
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92373FFE5FCA0FAD2C828B56D" box="[868,1050,1324,1350]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">South Australia</collectingRegion>
in the vicinity of Naracoorte (Yelloch Ck, at Wattonbully Rd,
<collectingRegion id="467F7AE92373FFE5FD34FAAACF98B545" box="[752,938,1364,1390]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">South Australia</collectingRegion>
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2373FFE5FC70FAAAC870B545" box="[948,1090,1364,1390]" degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="1.000" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" value="-37.016666">37° 1.000'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E18FD2CC2373FFE5FB95FAAAC8CCB545" box="[1105,1278,1364,1390]" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="53.000" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" value="140.88333">140° 53.000'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="F00592CB2373FFE5FAC9FAAACDBAB5BD" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1998-10-22">22 OCT 1998</date>
, C. Madden [AMS C.405556, 6] ­ see
<figureCitation id="1C80A88E2373FFE5FC91FA82CFAEB5BD" box="[853,924,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="26.[264,368,1373,1397]" captionTargetBox="[276,1298,569,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-233@26.[227,1311,552,1369]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution of Gabbia vertiginosa (o), G. iredalei (), G. cf. iredalei (), G. campicola (), G. fontana (), G. pallidula (☆), G. davisi () and G. rotunda (" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019128/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
; Appendix,
<tableCitation id="C93981B02373FFE5FBE9FA82C890B5BD" box="[1069,1186,1404,1430]" captionStart="TABLE 29" captionStartId="118.[264,352,348,372]" captionTargetPageId="118" captionText="TABLE 29. Shell measurements and teleoconch whorl counts. The figures given are the minimum ­ maximum (mean) and standard deviation. The number of specimens measured is given in parentheses in the second column and in a few cases a smaller number of specimens is noted for the whorl counts. All material is AMS unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E483231BFF8DFECCFEA2CF4BB1F8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" tableUuid="D0C4E483231BFF8DFECCFEA2CF4BB1F8">Tables 29</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C93981B02373FFE5FB6AFA82C8FEB5BD" box="[1198,1228,1404,1430]" captionStart="TABLE 30" captionStartId="123.[264,352,284,308]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="TABLE 30. Radular cusp counts." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0C4E4832316FF80FECCFEE2CE5DB118" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" tableUuid="D0C4E4832316FF80FECCFEE2CE5DB118">30</tableCitation>
) have a similar shell to
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FE02FA5ACE71B596" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[454,579,1444,1469]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FE02FA5ACE71B596" box="[454,579,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The radula differs from topotypic material of
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FBBAFA5AC8C9B596" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[1150,1275,1444,1469]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FBBAFA5AC8C9B596" box="[1150,1275,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but there is insufficient material to determine whether or not these specimens represent a distinct taxon and it is tentatively referred to as
<taxonomicName id="43BBCF882373FFE5FCD1FA0ACF8FB626" authorityName="Cotton" authorityYear="1942" box="[789,957,1524,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Bithyniidae" genus="Gabbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iredalei">
<emphasis id="B6CF68192373FFE5FCD1FA0ACF8FB626" box="[789,957,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. aff. iredalei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>