142 lines
16 KiB
XML
142 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="920D690EB36E8FCFDF44111BB345EB08" ID-CLB-Dataset="35264" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212" ID-GBIF-Dataset="728b01bf-aa02-4acf-9d1f-9164c114f5a2" ID-PMC="PMC4829695" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-567-1" ID-PubMed="27103869" ID-ZooBank="6C7EADF3055D4219909EE37D218171FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-567-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 567" ModsDocTitle="The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean" checkinTime="1456222814710" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2016" docId="0C0458478E1CCF5DEC297BE4E3971236" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 567: 1-128" docOrigin="ZooKeys 567" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212" docTitle="Litophyton laevis Kuekenthal 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="CF1B4455FFF1345BAD40FFD7FFCED220" masterDocTitle="The genus Litophyton Forskal, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1701374539268" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2C9565E90B3B099890E9C4742D6A74FF">The genus Litophyton Forskal, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B3FF85E99ED206EABACE25A31B9ED765">van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8017E27E3BD7171461E4FD533E71526B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="888812AF7681248897F799C86D19BFAD">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2D0A252B55375A44138AFE8BF599697F">567</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1DCBCA6F8D0BB512D621BBCD4BA232CB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="487372F80C0DF66134BD2DCA1DCE6091">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B6D2B256C8C25424CBB41F0C0F694BA9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BCD0DE4385815EE1C63BD1DD3049A454" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-567-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0C0458478E1CCF5DEC297BE4E3971236" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127872325" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C0458478E1CCF5DEC297BE4E3971236" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C0458478E1CCF5DEC297BE4E3971236" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="F6763AA7DEBD1B28028896C746B382CD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="878133B781B2B563EF1D6A258BBE97CA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Taxon classification Animalia Alcyonacea Nephtheidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="085708B8298F8E0463681621BB7EAEEA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="17182944EEAFF4F7ADABF4A36CBE8875" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="76D34554CD507A428DC7B5496D652067" ID-CoL="3VMCN" authority="Kuekenthal, 1913" authorityName="Kuekenthal" authorityYear="1913" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">
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Litophyton laevis (
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<normalizedToken id="5DAADEA7C89A96892827317989F82A16" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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, 1913)
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</taxonomicName>
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Figures 2A, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="787F64E01E9303F3658FD864D6A3A713" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="405A0B61ED24B27AD35944F72FE229D3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="8DF860FD4034974630ED0090C2DB74BC" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephthya laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">Nephthya laevis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="87BB20698537E9159B7B230D23483594" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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, 1913: 20, figs 9-13, pl. 2 fig. 5 (Red Sea, Jeddah).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E0CB6DCB5708E8325749FAEBAD897DBF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4BA967B48996BAE5759179D9BAD8FBAC" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephthea laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">Nephthea laevis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="E6A20B7BC672826B045DE991D1D91DDC" author="Roxas, HA" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="345 - 470" title="Philippine Alcyonaria, II. The Families Alcyoniidae and Nephthyidae." volume="50" year="1933">Roxas 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 415;
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<bibRefCitation id="4013B221088FECEB50FD2F35A1CA7654" author="Verseveldt, J" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="209 - 229" title="Report on some Octocorallia (Alcyonacea) from the northern Red Sea." volume="19" year="1970">Verseveldt 1970</bibRefCitation>
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: 219, figs 5-6, pl. 3 fig. 1 (Gulf of Suez, Et Tur).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="628033DED4B54FC5B4489B19FC7351A1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="5ABD15773D9866D43A9A531D71FA8D56" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">Litophyton laevis</taxonomicName>
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Not
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<taxonomicName id="2771D6005FE01E17D058904D16A39B15" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephthea laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">Nephthea laevis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CC72F3CB46BACEB53EE4FAA117CC0EE5" author="Verseveldt, J" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 37" title="Alcyonacea (Octocorallia) from the Red Sea, with a discussion of a new Sinularia species from Ceylon." volume="23" year="1974 b">Verseveldt 1974b</bibRefCitation>
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: 2 (Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, El Hamira; listed only; =
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<taxonomicName id="BB68D7EE0FB6C6949B1B15D998248D0B" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton arboreum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arboreum">Litophyton arboreum</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="52B3CDF2EE5D627A952B0AF6B24628CB" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="14D536CF859223C0B4250864F296093A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5F74EF47F0BFB565189D06FCEB3ED716" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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ZMB 6818, holotype,
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<normalizedToken id="A38F305991869C22F3B0E62092E69DD2" originalValue="Kükth">Kuekth</normalizedToken>
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det., Rotes Meer, Djidda, Pola Exp.; RMNH Coel. 6821, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Et Tur, 6. July 1969, coll. L. Fishelson; ZMTAU NS 8306, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, El-Bilaiyim lagoon, 24 August 1971, coll. D. Popper; ZMTAU Co 25971, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Jubal Is., Bluf point, depth 4 m, 24 March 1988, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 26126 3211, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, between Shaduan and Tawilla Is., 25 September 1989, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 26231, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Ras Gahra, 26 September 1974, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 28550 (E258); Red Sea, Dahlak Archipelago, Daliacus; depth 3 m; 18 October 1993, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 28585 (E121), Red Sea, Dahlak Archipelago, Dur Gam, depth 3 m, 14 October 1993, coll. Y. Benayahu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19E2AB103B5C9787956AE8236DD9E89D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="removed from the species">
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<paragraph id="3CC5B62374F6992AEA536069BB080AE4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Removed from the species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7C75C061E3C369FA30E1F7F8EC91927F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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RMNH 8941, Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, Ophir Bay, 30 August 1967, coll. Hebrew Univ.- Smiths. Red Sea project (identified by Verseveldt as
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<taxonomicName id="94882903469C64166ADE3F42777120A4" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephthea laevis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laevis">Nephthea laevis</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="25930538A9C8FDC1FCD2223DC5E7AB1A" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton arboreum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arboreum">Litophyton arboreum</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FE9F69D74BA58D94BF604B258045700D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="06488B03D09489EB79CEACBF9BE672F0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7FBB135212D31B0B9D4CD666653A431D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="E9CF1EDDE22A92B14EFF6CFEF6F97C05" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Litophyton</taxonomicName>
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with the internal spindles of the base of the stalk short and slender, up to 0.15 mm wide and 0.5 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFBC3EC926CC55EF60431F260D9685CA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A925366B5E60CE4E4E0FC02A7B44E88B" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1AE7E9CB755603B3A57ADE0FC5579409" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">The holotype is 8 cm high and 5 cm wide; the short colony stalk divides in several main stems shortly above its base (Figure 36A). Polyps are crowded at the end of the lobes arranged in globular to oval-shaped structures.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB78A816494E9A01AE85DA7442F3455D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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The polyps are up to about 0.7 mm high and 0.6 mm wide (Figure 37A). Supporting bundle not projecting, composed of spindles with simple tubercles, outer side and distal end with larger tubercles. Length of these spindles is up to 0.8 mm (Figure 37B). Polyp body sclerites irregularly arranged, the smallest are present adaxially; abaxially they merge into the smaller spindles of the supporting bundle (Figure 37C). The tentacle sclerites resemble the smallest adaxial polyp sclerites (Figures 37D, 39
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<normalizedToken id="445521E325CFC880AE00A1A987DA223F" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E6642727ED06DC1DDF751D7C1FF71995" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Surface layer top of stalk. Rods and spindles, up to 0.45 mm long, with simple tubercles (Figure 37E).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6215133F688BCDF68D91D6BBE547631F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Surface layer base of stalk. Radiates and derivatives of these, up to 0.15 mm long, with simple tubercles; a few are unilaterally spinose (Figure 38A). A few spindles and unilaterally spinose spindles are also present, up to 0.45 mm long, with simple tubercles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7BF276F39DE0F8F80791B6DE9F9ECB6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Interior base of stalk. Spindles, up to 0.5 mm long, with simple sparse tubercles (Figure 38B). Several spindles have one or more side branches.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE7187D676F1DA1359313AEBAE6F12D3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Colour. The colony is whitish.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BA445696B20B9FE3FDC0626D62465CA2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B0BCBC96019318B07A7CE90616377D7D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B33CDF03CC3EC29809FADCEA5AD1E7E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Red Sea: Gulf of Suez, Dahlak Archipelago.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50A97A963A9E2144349EAAF74D235B16" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="DF301DA26F17440A38D3F982523913E8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CF2B39DEE53A5C192CE10F6602938A7E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E86FA99816B9E8B706058066AE540" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 33" title="Alcyonaria des Roten Meeres. Expeditionen S. M. Schiff " Pola " in das Rote Meer. Zoologische Ergebnisse 29." volume="89" year="1913">
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<normalizedToken id="E6885367A2EF8376443AF422F3D1E9A6" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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(1913)
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</bibRefCitation>
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mentioned four specimens with his description, in Berlin I found only one specimen, labelled holotype, which is the same one that
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<normalizedToken id="10DF9FD58AB39942A97011CC6CADF553" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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used in his description. He mentioned longer interior spindles, up to 1 mm long. I assume I missed the longer ones as only few interior spindles are present in the microscope slide made of the stalk of ZMB 6818.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61386EF4DA6F56FD1BA71785E3E98A70" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<pageBreakToken id="85077D35E417E0F965F5B96600417941" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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species can be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="D38F0970A7045AF6267535E854A45370" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton simulatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simulatum">Litophyton simulatum</taxonomicName>
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, but the latter has wider, more branched internal spindles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EFF9D8CE33EB9AF1D243FE25F3C759AA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ZMTAU Co 26126 3211 has been used for SEM images of sclerites (Figures 39-41).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9874E2CBDE77937B02D7E68AE0BE4652" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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RMNH Coel. 8941 has spindles up to 1.3 mm long in the interior of the stalk, quite some of them with blunt ends and therefore I re-identified it as
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<taxonomicName id="12DF5B78D53D2CCE7AD81FD87C8F8F32" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton arboreum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arboreum">Litophyton arboreum</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |