190 lines
27 KiB
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190 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cbda95a-5b4a-45e9-b53a-9b90db01ee17" ID-PMC="PMC8688410" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-187-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" ID-PubMed="35002365" ModsDocID="1314-2003-187-23" checkinTime="1639455686940" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Morales, Eduardo A., Wetzel, Carlos E. & Ector, Luc" docDate="2021" docId="0BA898597D0C533586DE5365D3F97D5C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 187: 23-70" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 187" docPubDate="2021-12-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338" docTitle="Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris E. Morales, C. E. Wetzel & Ector 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" masterDocTitle="New and poorly known " araphid " diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from regions near Lake Titicaca, South America and a discussion on the continued use of morphological characters in " araphid " diatom taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668140567392" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New and poorly known " araphid " diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from regions near Lake Titicaca, South America and a discussion on the continued use of morphological characters in " araphid " diatom taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Morales, Eduardo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-4831</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Water Laboratory, University of Evora, P. I. T. E. Rua da Barba Rala No. 1, 7005 - 345 Evora, Portugal & Institute of Earth Sciences - ICT, University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho n °. 59, 7000 - 671 Evora, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">edu_mora123@outlook.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wetzel, Carlos E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-0494</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Observatory for Climate, Environment and Biodiversity (OCEB), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ector, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Observatory for Climate, Environment and Biodiversity (OCEB), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-12-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>187</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>70</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-187-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191535336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0BA898597D0C533586DE5365D3F97D5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0BA898597D0C533586DE5365D3F97D5C" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0BA89859-7D0C-5335-86DE-5365D3F97D5C" authority="E. Morales, C. E. Wetzel & Ector" authorityName="E. Morales, C. E. Wetzel & Ector" authorityYear="2021" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Staurosiraceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="heteropolaris" status="sp. nov.">Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris E. Morales, C.E. Wetzel & Ector</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Figs 1H
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’-M’">'-M'</normalizedToken>
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(LM), 5A-F (SEM)
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Slide ANSP GC 26815, Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1I</figureCitation>
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', Diatom Herbarium, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (ANSP).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Isotype.</emphasis>
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Slide DBOL-0246a, Diatomotheca Boliviensis (before HCUCB), Cochabamba, Bolivia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Bolivia. Sajama Province, Department of Oruro, Desaguadero River, epipsammon,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-17.3975">17°23'51"S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-68.24249">68°14'33"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3701 m elev.,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">leg.</emphasis>
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G.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
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, 05.07.2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Frustules rectangular in girdle view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C, D</figureCitation>
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), joined together by interlocking spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C</figureCitation>
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). Valves ovoid to elliptic, heteropolar, with gradual transition from valve face to mantle (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1H</figureCitation>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’-M’">'-M'</normalizedToken>
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, 5A-F). Axial area elliptic (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1H</figureCitation>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’-M’">'-M'</normalizedToken>
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, 5A, B, F), externally slightly depressed with respect to virgae, internally at the same level as virgae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A, D, E</figureCitation>
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). Virgae much wider than striae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A, D-F</figureCitation>
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). Vimines shorter than virgae and wide (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A, B, D-F</figureCitation>
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). Striae composed of narrow, apically elongated, rectangular to semi-elliptic areolae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A-F</figureCitation>
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). Areolae diminish in size from valve face/mantle junction towards striae extremes at about the same rate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5F</figureCitation>
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). Volae arising from up to two points (typically one) within the areolar inner periphery, projecting inwards (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A, B, D-F</figureCitation>
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). Base of volae thick and giving areolae a C-shape (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A, B</figureCitation>
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). Flaps absent. Spines originating from vimines at the valve face/mantle junction, solid, with elliptic to rectangular base, wider than the vimines they sit on; cylindrical body with biconcave sides, spatulate tips with pinnatifid (with deep lateral) bifurcations (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C, D</figureCitation>
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). Stipules absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5D</figureCitation>
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). Apical pore fields very reduced with no more than 3 cavernous poroids in external view; not seen in internal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5F</figureCitation>
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). Small blister-like depositions present on abvalvar edge of mantle, including at the valve apices (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Girdle elements variable in number, open, lacking pores, ligulated, with larger valvocopula (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F SEM images of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location C side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements D close up of C showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters E broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown F frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1 µm (D); 3 µm (A-C, E); 4 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622442" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
SEM images of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Morales, C. E. Wetzel & Ector" authorityYear="2021" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="heteropolaris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. from the Bolivian Altiplano
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
Valve views showing striation pattern and features of the axial area, virgae, vimines, and spine location
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
side view of complete frustule and neighboring cell showing girdle bands (white arrows denote open copulae). White arrows point to open girdle elements
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
close up of
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
showing details of spines with bifurcations with pinnatifid projections, characteristics of the striae on valve mantle and the features of the blisters
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
broken frustule with girdle bands. Pattern of volae within areolae is also shown
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
frustule in side, tilted view. Notice open copulae (white arrow) and reduced apical pore field with cavernous poroids (black arrow). Scale bars: 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-C, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Dimensions (n> 50): Length 3.0-4.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; width 2.6-3.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; striae 13-16 in 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">The epithet of this species refers to its typical heteropolar valve outline.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Found in the Desaguadero River.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |