250 lines
53 KiB
XML
250 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="998588B4E0B5F3D89B26AEB69525274D" ID-CLB-Dataset="276643" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00519.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3a7dcdb9-2b57-480d-8c51-588fee805fee" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5442963" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630454511606" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dupret, Vincent, Zhu, Min & Wang, Jun-Qing" docDate="2009" docId="0A5287D1973DFFF466B2FE52FC10885D" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2009.00519.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (1)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00519.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="F66BFFA9973FFFF0653CFFFFFF908B1D" masterDocTitle="The morphology of Yujiangolepis liujingensis (Placodermi, Arthrodira) from the Pragian of Guangxi (south China) and its phylogenetic significance" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="70" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1699289765892" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="D82E9AC2BA8BED1F03EB9CC00CA6AA7D">The morphology of Yujiangolepis liujingensis (Placodermi, Arthrodira) from the Pragian of Guangxi (south China) and its phylogenetic significance</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="318CA70A692B286360D7B27074B8CBCA">Dupret, Vincent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4458B3051C60970FBE459E32E3BA1A20">Zhu, Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBF26167F9D5A3C08E980DE5EE83B641">Wang, Jun-Qing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="E9536A104ED68CBD6757792334E8694F">
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<mods:date id="7D2A87EAB1D46D2185541B87955AAD36">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7278940D809DEAC7E1D014BB02E335C9">2009-09-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0A5287D1973DFFF466B2FE52FC10885D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217238398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A5287D1973DFFF466B2FE52FC10885D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A5287D1973DFFF466B2FE52FC10885D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection id="CAE1654C973DFFF266B2FE52FB4D8AFF" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF266B2FE52FB4D8AFF" blockId="2.[910,1357,429,483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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<heading id="D90C81AB973DFFF266B2FE52FB4D8AFF" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
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SPECIES
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF266CAFE51FB4D8AFF" authority="WANG ET AL., 1998" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="1998" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Yujiangolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liujingensis">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF266CAFE51FADD8ADC" box="[1014,1357,430,451]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">YUJIANGOLEPIS LIUJINGENSIS</emphasis>
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WANG
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF26173FE2EFB1D8AFC" box="[1103,1165,465,481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">ET AL</emphasis>
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., 1998
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CAE1654C973DFFF26606FE0BFB33895A" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF26606FE0BFBD38917" blockId="2.[826,1231,500,583]" box="[826,1091,500,522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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<materialsCitation id="32933C9A973DFFF26606FE0BFBD38917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4435728301" box="[826,1091,500,522]" collectingDate="1957-05" collectionCode="IVPP" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="5D408865973DFFF26606FE0BFC308917" box="[826,928,500,522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="E4EAAE02973DFFF26696FE0BFC778914" box="[938,999,500,521]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">IVPP</collectionCode>
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<date id="F6451007973DFFF266CCFE0BFBD38917" box="[1008,1091,500,522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" value="1957-05">
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<collectingDate id="E601E9EF973DFFF266CCFE0BFBD38917" box="[1008,1091,500,522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" value="1957-05">V 1957</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF26606FDECFB5F8935" blockId="2.[826,1231,500,583]" box="[826,1231,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF26606FDECFB978935" author="Wang S-T & Pan J & Wang J-Q" box="[826,1031,530,552]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="58 - 69" refId="ref8136" refString="Wang S-T, Pan J, Wang J-Q. 1998. Early Devonian fishes from central and southern Guangxi and correlation of the vertebrate biostratigraphy in south China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 36: 58 - 69." type="journal article" year="1998">
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Wang
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF266B8FDECFC2C893A" box="[900,956,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2; pl I, fig. 1
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF26606FDCDFB33895A" blockId="2.[826,1231,500,583]" box="[826,1187,561,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF26606FDCDFBAD895B" author="Young GC & Goujet D" box="[826,1085,561,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref8477" refString="Young GC, Goujet D. 2003. Devonian fish remains from the Dulcie Sandstone and Craven Peak Beds, Georgina Basin, central Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 65: 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2003">Young & Goujet, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 16C
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CAE1654C973DFFF4611EFD76FC10885D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" type="description">
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF2611EFD76FB288983" blockId="2.[1058,1208,649,670]" box="[1058,1208,649,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF26606FD50FAA18DE9" blockId="2.[826,1442,687,1903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
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The only material available for
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF2618BFD50FCEF89F9" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Yujiangolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liujingensis">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF2618BFD50FCEF89F9" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Yujiangolepis liujingensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a 3D-preserved subcomplete head showing a small part of the underlying neurocranium (
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<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973DFFF26003FD12FA05881E" box="[1343,1429,749,771]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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). Neither diagenesis nor compaction seems to have altered the specimen. Radiation centres are easily recognizable because of the numerous minute tubercles around; the plate boundaries are indicated with low and very thin ridges. The ethmoid components (R, Pi, PtN,
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<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973DFFF2612EFC5BFB1688A7" box="[1042,1158,932,954]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
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) are fused to the rest of the skull roof, although the boundaries of the postnasal plates are not distinguishable. From what can be seen, only a small mesial part of the postnasal plate can be detected just anterior to the right orbit. The anterior face of the rostral plate bears large and pointed tubercles, reminiscent of the snout of
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF26069FBA3FB5E8F8D" authority="Ritchie, 1973" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1973" class="Placodermi" family="Wuttagoonaspidae" genus="Wuttagoonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF26069FBA3FB888F92" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Wuttagoonaspis fletcheri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF26117FB85FB5E8F8D" author="Ritchie A" box="[1067,1230,1146,1168]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="58 - 72" refId="ref7847" refString="Ritchie A. 1973. Wuttagoonaspis gen. nov., an unusual arthrodire from the Devonian of Western New South Wales, Australia. Palaeontographica 143: 58 - 72." type="journal article" year="1973">Ritchie, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(pl. 5, figs 1–3;
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<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973DFFF26606FB66FC008FB2" box="[826,912,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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), although the rest of the ornamentation is completely different from the latter genus (
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF26069FB47FC398FF1" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1973" class="Placodermi" family="Wuttagoonaspidae" genus="Wuttagoonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF26069FB47FC398FF1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Wuttagoonaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also exposes ridges). The rostral sensory groove (rc,
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<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973DFFF266FBFB0AFBD18E16" box="[967,1089,1269,1291]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
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) shows a mesial loop, as is visible in
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF26697FAEBFBBB8E35" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1973" box="[939,1067,1299,1321]" class="Placodermi" family="Wuttagoonaspidae" genus="Wuttagoonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF26697FAEBFBBB8E35" box="[939,1067,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">W. fletcheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF2615BFAECFA918E34" author="Ritchie A" box="[1127,1281,1299,1321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="58 - 72" refId="ref7847" refString="Ritchie A. 1973. Wuttagoonaspis gen. nov., an unusual arthrodire from the Devonian of Western New South Wales, Australia. Palaeontographica 143: 58 - 72." type="journal article" year="1973">Ritchie, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: text. fig. 5A), and to a lesser extent in
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<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF261BEFACDFA318E5A" authorityName="Young & Goujet" authorityYear="2003" box="[1154,1441,1330,1351]" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspidae" genus="Toombalepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
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<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF261BEFACDFA318E5A" box="[1154,1441,1330,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Toombalepis tuberculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF2667DFAAEFBDC8E7B" author="Young GC & Goujet D" box="[833,1100,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref8477" refString="Young GC, Goujet D. 2003. Devonian fish remains from the Dulcie Sandstone and Craven Peak Beds, Georgina Basin, central Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 65: 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2003">Young & Goujet, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 16). Owing to its anteromesial position, the groove is referred to the rostral groove rather than the ‘supramaxillary groove’ in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF260B9FA71FC058EDC" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1973" class="Placodermi" family="Wuttagoonaspidae" genus="Wuttagoonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF260B9FA71FC058EDC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">W. fletcheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A shallow depression extends posterolaterally from the loop, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF26163FA33FA908EFD" authorityName="Young & Goujet" authorityYear="2003" box="[1119,1280,1483,1505]" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspidae" genus="Toombalepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF26163FA33FA908EFD" box="[1119,1280,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">T. tuberculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF2602DFA34FC4E8EE2" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1968" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Antarctaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcmurdoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF2602DFA34FC4E8EE2" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Antarctaspis mcmurdoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not show any loop, but this absence might be explained because of the incompleteness of the most anterior part of the snout (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973DFFF26606F9BAFC5F8D46" author="White EI" box="[826,975,1605,1627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref8173" refString="White EI. 1968. Devonian Fishes of the Mawson-Mullock Area, Victoria land, Antarctica. Trans-Antarctic Scientific Reports 16: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1968">White, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. II figs 1–2). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973DFFF261F2F9BAFAF68D47" authorityName="Wang, Pan & Wang" authorityYear="1998" box="[1230,1382,1605,1626]" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Yujiangolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="2" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973DFFF261F2F9BAFAF68D47" box="[1230,1382,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Yujiangolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the rostral groove then extends ventrally. The pineal plate is elongate and very narrow. A small crack is situated at the level of the pineal foramen/eminence; hence it is impossible to say if this was a closed (eminence) or an open (foramen) structure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973DFFF4666FF902FDEF8BE7" blockId="2.[826,1442,687,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">
|
||
The preorbital plate (PrO,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973DFFF261A1F902FA868C0E" box="[1181,1302,1789,1811]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a large element entirely separated from its antimere by the pineal plate. It constitutes the mesial part of the orbital margin. It is crossed longitudinally by the supraorbital groove (soc,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF464E5FF39FDC58BC1" box="[473,597,198,220]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is the posterior extension of the rostral groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D684664F973CFFF365ACF9CFFD158C33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" startId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" targetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973CFFF365ACF9CFFD158C33" blockId="3.[144,1421,1584,1838]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973CFFF365ACF9CFFF688D5E" bold="true" box="[144,248,1584,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Subcomplete skull roof of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973CFFF36726F9CEFC768D59" authority="Wang et al., 1998" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="1998" box="[538,998,1585,1604]" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Yujiangolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liujingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973CFFF36726F9CEFCB78D59" box="[538,807,1585,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">Yujiangolepis liujingensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973CFFF36613F9CEFC768D59" author="Wang S-T & Pan J & Wang J-Q" box="[815,998,1585,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="73" pagination="58 - 69" refId="ref8136" refString="Wang S-T, Pan J, Wang J-Q. 1998. Early Devonian fishes from central and southern Guangxi and correlation of the vertebrate biostratigraphy in south China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 36: 58 - 69." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973CFFF3664FF9CEFC368D59" box="[883,934,1585,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF46580FEFCFD0B8A8E" blockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The postorbital plate constitutes the posterior edge of the orbit. Its radiation centre classically corresponds to the junction between the infraorbital and central sensory grooves (ioc, cc,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF4677EFEA0FD518A68" box="[578,705,351,373]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The boundary with the central plate is unclear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF46580FE63FE72881E" blockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The case of the central plates is more problematic, because the area where they should be visible, assuming a ‘classic’ arthrodire pattern, is not preserved. We can only assess the presence of these plates owing to a slight difference in the tubercle distribution: very tiny tubercles are visible at the level of the crack (right half of the specimen; C,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46732FDABFD118977" box="[526,641,596,618]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) just posteriorly to the central sensory groove (cc,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF467B9FD8DFD6E8995" box="[645,766,626,648]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and most probably indicate the position of the radiation centre of the plate. Unfortunately, it is impossible to determine either the mesial extension of the central plates or their size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF46580FCF4FE968F6F" blockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The nuchal plate (N,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46491FCF4FDB1883C" box="[429,545,779,801]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), although unknown in its middle part, extends further anteriorly, and contacts the preorbital and most probably postorbital plates. The supraorbital and central sensory grooves clearly converge toward the radiation centre of the nuchal plate; there is no evidence that the posterior pit-lines also converge onto this point (as the corresponding parts of the skull roof are not preserved, and as only the dorsal side of the neurocranium is exposed). The boundary between the paranuchal and nuchal plates is outlined by a low and thin ridge (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46598FBA3FF6A8F6F" box="[164,250,1116,1138]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF46580FB85FD0D8EDF" blockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The marginal plate (M,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF464C4FB85FDE68F8C" box="[504,630,1146,1169]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) is present mesially to the infraorbital and main lateral sensory grooves; in other words, it separates the postorbital and the paranuchal plates. Its radiation centre is located at the level of the junction between the infraorbital, main lateral, and postmarginal sensory grooves. The postmarginal plate (PM,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46766FACDFD5D8E55" box="[602,717,1330,1352]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) constitutes a pointed posterolateral edge of the skull roof, slightly more anterior than in other species of ‘Actinolepidoidei’ (in which it is almost at the level of the posterior margin of the paranuchal plates).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF46580FA34FAD58AAF" blockId="4.[164,779,198,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[826,1441,198,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The paranuchal ensemble is very interesting in its composition of two plates. The biggest and main paranuchal plate (PaN,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF464B9F9F7FE688D03" box="[389,504,1544,1566]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) bears the main lateral sensory line groove, the occipital cross commissure, the posterior pit line, and the external foramen for the endolymphatic duct. It would be homologous with the posterior paranuchal plate of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF46758F97CFEA28DAB" authority="Jaekel, 1911" authorityName="Jaekel" authorityYear="1911" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Petalichthyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||
Petalichthyida
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973BFFF46598F95EFEA28DAB" author="Jaekel O" box="[164,306,1697,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" refId="ref7458" refString="Jaekel O, ed. 1911. Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Ubersicht uber die fossilen und lebenden Formen. Berlin." type="book" year="1911">Jaekel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF46488F95EFC978DAB" authority="Stensio, 1944" authorityName="Stensio" authorityYear="1944" box="[436,775,1697,1719]" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acanthothoraci" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||
Acanthothoraci
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973BFFF46757F95EFC978DAB" author="Stensio E" box="[619,775,1697,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref7879" refString="Stensio E. 1944. Contributions to the knowledge of the vertebrate fauna of the Silurian and Devonian of Podolia II - Note on two Arthrodires from the Downtonian of Podolia. Arkiv for Zoologi 35: 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1944">Stensiö, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anteriorly to this plate, the smaller one is considered here as a possible vestigial anterior paranuchal plate similar to that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF464A2F902FDE88C0E" authority="and" authorityName="AND" box="[414,632,1789,1811]" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Petalichthyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Petalichthyida and</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF467F5F902FE898C2F" authorityName="Stensio" authorityYear="1944" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acanthothoraci" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Acanthothoraci</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a.PaN,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF464BCF8E3FE658C2F" box="[384,501,1820,1842]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
), because it is visible at the junction with the central and the marginal plates (‘topographic’ hypothesis for homology; see discussion below). This anterior paranuchal plate is outlined by low and smooth ridges. Contrary to what can be observed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF466CCFEFCFB078A04" box="[1008,1175,259,281]" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Petalichthyida" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Petalichthyida</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF4601DFEFCFA318A04" authorityName="McCoy" authorityYear="1848" box="[1313,1441,259,281]" class="Placodermi" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="class">Placodermi</taxonomicName>
|
||
that is closely related to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF461B0FEDDFA978A25" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[1164,1287,290,312]" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Arthrodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
and possessing two pairs of posterior pit-lines and of paranuchal plates), the anterior paranuchal plate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF46035FEA0FA318A69" authorityName="Wang, Pan & Wang" authorityYear="1998" box="[1289,1441,351,372]" class="Placodermi" family="Antarctaspididae" genus="Yujiangolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B08FEAD5973BFFF46035FEA0FA318A69" box="[1289,1441,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Yujiangolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not crossed by any sensory groove and is much smaller, suggesting it as a vestigial element.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF4666FFE44FA808AF2" blockId="4.[826,1441,198,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Obviously, the dermal craniothoracic joint is of the ‘sliding’
|
||
<typeStatus id="5D408865973BFFF466A6FE25FC5E8AF2" box="[922,974,474,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, as in all ‘Actinolepidoidei’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="824436C7973BFFF4666FFE07FC10885D" blockId="4.[826,1441,198,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The visible part of the dorsal side of the neurocranium exposes the saccula of the inner ear (sac,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46606FDCAFC008956" box="[826,912,565,587]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the internal foramen for the endolymphatic duct on a bump (d.end.i,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46186FDABFA9E8977" box="[1210,1294,596,618]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the neurocranium, mesially to the nuchal–paranuchal plate boundary. The respective positions of the external (d.end.e,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1AC02A42973BFFF46695FD50FBB289D8" box="[937,1058,687,709]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[305,1261,194,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[303,1263,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Subcomplete skull roof of Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang et al., 1998 (holotype IVPP V 1957). A, photograph of the skull roof in dorsal view; B, magnification around right central and anterior paranuchal plates; C, interpretative sketch of the skull roof after (A); D, right dorsolateral view of the skull roof. Abbreviations: a.PaN, anterior paranuchal plate; C, central plate; cc, central sensory groove; d.end.e, external foramen of the endolymphatic duct; d.end.i, internal foramen of the endolymphatic duct; f.Pi, pineal foramen; ioc, infraorbital sensory groove; lc, main lateral sensory groove; M, marginal plate; mpl, middle pit-line; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; PaN, paranuchal plate; Pi, pineal plate; PM, postmarginal plate; pmc, postmarginal sensory groove; ppl, posterior pit-line; PrO, preorbital plate; PtN, postnasal plate; PtO, postorbital plate; R, rostral plate; rc, rostral sensory groove; sac, saculla of the inner ear; soc, supraorbital sensory groove. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5442967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5442967/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="74">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and internal foramina for the endolymphatic duct imply the possession of a long and oblique endolymphatic tube within the dermal bone that is characteristic of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FB4D44973BFFF461FDFCF4FCEC885D" authority="(Goujet, 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Goujet" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Placodermi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||
Arthrodira (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E66A4B36973BFFF46072FCF4FCE4885D" author="Goujet D" pageId="4" pageNumber="74" refId="ref7182" refString="Goujet D. 1984. Les poissons placodermes du Spitsberg - Arthrodires Dolichothoraci de la formation de Wood Bay (Devonien inferieur). Paris: Editions du CNRS." type="book" year="1984">Goujet, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |