351 lines
40 KiB
XML
351 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="55526" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673" ID-GBIF-Dataset="effceee3-860f-43dc-9900-56bb24d74e5a" ID-PMC="PMC9849004" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-196-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F11AF382CA7354C8AA08829721879B7D" ID-PubMed="36762031" ModsDocID="1314-2003-196-49" checkinTime="1652704252716" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tobar, Francisco, Smith, James F. & Clark, John L." docDate="2022" docId="078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 196: 49-61" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 196" docPubDate="2022-05-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673" docTitle="Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="F11AF382CA7354C8AA08829721879B7D" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="F11AF382CA7354C8AA08829721879B7D" masterDocTitle="Two new pendulous epiphytic Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) species from the Choco forests of the Northern Andes" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1720490824251" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C7B8ED7F01689E8740A5E08AC82F1FAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="13459065B968A289DDA8F0FBE0C001D4">
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<mods:title id="6B371F260DD3D63B6AF7E25B818BD088">Two new pendulous epiphytic Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) species from the Choco forests of the Northern Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7649A79565260C8987BF9AABADD3025B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E40113EB0370561D7826B873214D7C36">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A352D40509A54DAF76B9AD7DC3B424F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="410402A3388834CBA9855B6A8663FB2B">Tobar, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4AC1E027C2E64347954B083A7B6CE568" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-673X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A646597C13E6CF0B755608C75A66775D">Area de Investigacion y Monitoreo de Avifauna, Aves y Conservacion - BirdLife en Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador QCNE, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E3A40BDC423AB6887B217CCFA18CFDC3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="38B7602B2FE1FEF2E5983311BADB0695">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4018CFAB396015511E0462CE32D74B4D">Smith, James F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E56FAF44BDC1878FDE99323ED5DCAF80">Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho, 83725, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7994F4F8E2300B03907D0EE1D46F9ECE" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="31EBFEE42FEEEE41D83722D1101766DC">Clark, John L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="06ED423C97ADA93D924617735691FD11" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-6380</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="249AD1F534DCB71FC815F71C5AC0FDB9">Science Department, The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DB78A825330AE07D8D0C49EFDD5C40BE" type="email">jclark@lawrenceville.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="47052098486D9CA755B6ABBD4F33A0B0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A165B03A2ADDB54B52A5E345E7FADC05">
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<mods:title id="098228388DF34664EC64E24BB66BD3DB">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5256C3C01C804EE257DAC9EE5D8009DE">
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<mods:date id="7EF7FEAC12FFD2A9A3510ED9347491CA">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="BD9C6510D170587B6829A702A720AE1D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="42C7EB1EC726ACE67B2DB7C461DCE47C">2022-05-16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3A425D53E6AB228F332FC539A0EBAAD1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5020A9EE025934228F96E30924AB359D">196</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="BD03150F1DA7D69D45E67B216B1EBE51" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="124B811292423CCEE2739B01968AEE9C">49</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3C11D4EEE35C4727B5C05C8ED84EFBFE">61</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="4FF432AF3CEC5D503D3BEBAF4E21651D">
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<mods:url id="C92A205EE7B8F910135DDE05FF4D309E">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="C353FDED6E57BC7738560E920EB70389">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9F0522E7CA988764B1D3F32F45B7636A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3C18C715B5FCA2D115896DFBD300FECA" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-196-49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9F0E69492322C2808F8771547840E4AF" type="Pensoft-UUID">F11AF382CA7354C8AA08829721879B7D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195348459" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="930C2D07102647FBBA96597D26E9C54A" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DCF233E8088222C43A1B8CBD77A2C122" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="171BC887DACAE1DA67764B54F9E227DA" ID-CoL="992J4" LSID="078AF250-231E-51F8-AFAB-447BCD8A1B72" authority="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia" status="sp. nov.">Columnea fluidifolia J.L.Clark & F.Tobar</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E24374759B409BD80AA6847254B2E32" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D5EB6302E66A10E889F28D6732023AA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8D48B32AB8A0160D91585305C2E45E70" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation id="AE70F2FA23133E55C7134BF5B184B579" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D3C0E0914FF51CC81312D4E80606C0BA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A pendent shoot B lateral view of flower C bilobed dorsal nectary gland and ovary D mature calyx with style E stomatomorphic stigma F corolla opened featuring mature anthers G mature corolla. Illustration by M. J. Gavilanes." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683753" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F9BB4D01EB18BCE851809C1DF692D4C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1EDC78ABA39F2D7F0715FD3F1059BF23" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="4180CCA186370CB0439D49F225FABF10">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E424413188918422E0141730E463D7F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<materialsCitation id="E5B973E0CED3496BFD177312D3C60FDC" collectingDate="2019-03-15" collectorName="J. L. Clark, L. Jost" country="Ecuador" county="Quito" elevation="1662" latitude="0.16369446" location="Pacto" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.820724" municipality="Pacto" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="A2377CFEB76A108D386AC9FE07798B3A" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="1A0639542C0C67BD0E8AC2CBE61C92A0" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="10A26ADF368E63FDD70468A891571708" originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
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<collectingCounty id="FB1B3E8A67F5DFA39D1297913C637D79">Quito</collectingCounty>
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, parroquia
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<collectingMunicipality id="06F931E6D6171DD226BEFF2BED67462A">Pacto</collectingMunicipality>
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, primary road between the town of
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<location id="930ABA416ECE84540224FB07670750EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72:930ABA416ECE84540224FB07670750EF" country="Ecuador" county="Quito" latitude="0.16369446" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.820724" municipality="Pacto" name="Pacto" stateProvince="Pichincha">Pacto</location>
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and
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<location id="A2C94A12662D6C17CAE60B78B5D87787" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:078AF250231E51F8AFAB447BCD8A1B72:A2C94A12662D6C17CAE60B78B5D87787" country="Ecuador" county="Quito" latitude="0.16369446" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.820724" municipality="Pacto" name="Mashpi Lodge" stateProvince="Pichincha">Mashpi Lodge</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="15292D9576D31B8936AB4E3470822C2B" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.3" value="0.16369446">0°9'49.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B07CA7D5B06FAE8735104CAB0020C0F5" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.6" value="-78.820724">78°49'14.6"W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="5ACD8EA14A684F19EA8A34325B6E6F58" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6619999999999997" unit="m" value="1662.0">
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<elevation id="08ACE6AF29CBB22E1B741CB08F3DBB62" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6619999999999997" unit="m" value="1662.0">1662 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="C20931C3176D48BEB124573D077B90C1" value="2019-03-15">15 Mar 2019</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis id="17EAD75B1B382C78480A2941DBDCE234" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<collectorName id="7415EC38798D8253EF3F887A43AC3622">J.L. Clark</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="2061B0A126C1DFF3D0FCAD3DA12EE5E9">L. Jost</collectorName>
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16286
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD0D8649054D14674447FB25EE529F4B">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectingCountry id="42CBAD382454FD7E2FF96DAEAC7F4371" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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; isotypes: ECUAMZ, QCA, SEL).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EA7DF283A52CD289BF3E4090B3907F67" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="096CDF2EFEE7C21E3A1CAAE4CF7D0D5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="09049BAAB37EF15C064751D2D39C7542" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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Similar to
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<taxonomicName id="F4F2F2FC8FA3062E216003C51474EEE9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
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<emphasis id="B090A67B335F39F9A1935CB80DD6509E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea ceticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, differing in calyx and corolla uniformly orange (vs. calyx green and corolla bright red in
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<taxonomicName id="77F0EB4CB9632C69F4E53A00AEF53172" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
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<emphasis id="C7EB87CA07EAB21AF204B136FCB33108" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. ceticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and corolla shallowly bilabiate (vs. deeply bilabiate in
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<taxonomicName id="F9A9F10B2C907A7DED3DEADD69C113B5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
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<emphasis id="72405150DD08CBDC3832EEA18686AB9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. ceticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B48A461E306D28C0DF1F3291629A9105" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D8B48CD82E0D0B64CA62093552E0B4D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B2FB0DDCC5B1FAFCEFE09E1B49B2757" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Epiphytic herb with elongate pendent shoots, 1.0-1.5 m long, red-brown, with zigzag appearance, densely pilose with gold-colored multicellular trichomes; internodes 2.0-4.0 cm long. Petioles 0.2-0.4 cm long, pilose with multicellular trichomes; leaves opposite, pairs either strongly anisophyllous or isophyllous, sometimes anisophyllous and isophyllous on the same shoot, larger leaf 9.5-10.5 cm long, 3.9-4.5 cm wide, ovate-elliptic, apex long acuminate, base slightly oblique, lateral veins 5-8 per side, adaxially dark-green, with multicellular white-transparent trichomes, abaxially light-green, densely pilose with multicellular white transparent trichomes, more densely pubescent on veins, margin serrulate; smaller leaf 1.3-1.9 cm long, 0.2-0.3 cm wide, lateral veins 2-3 per side, petiole 0.1-0.2 cm long, otherwise similar to larger leaf. Inflorescence reduced to a single axillary flower; bracts not seen, presumably caducous. Pedicels 2.6-3.7 cm long, bright orange, densely pilose with multicellular rust-colored trichomes. Calyx loosely clasping corolla, uniformly bright orange, lobes 2.6-4.2 cm long, 0.4-0.6 cm wide, oblong to narrowly-elliptic, apex acuminate to obtusely acuminate, exterior pilose, with multicellular rust-colored trichomes, more pubescent on veins and margins, interior glabrous, margin serrulate. Corolla 4.5-4.9 cm long, 0.6-0.8 cm at widest point, tubular throughout, inflated near center, slightly gibbous at the base, 0.6-0.7 cm wide before the limb, 0.2-0.4 cm at narrowest point of the base, bright orange externally, densely pubescent with multicellular rust-colored trichomes, interior with short white trichomes; ventral and lateral lobes reflexed, ventral lobe narrowly triangular to oblong, 0.4-0.5 cm long 0.2-0.3 cm wide, dorsal lobes fused, 0.2-0.3 cm long, 0.4-0.5 cm wide, lateral lobes triangular to narrowly triangular, 0.2-0.3 cm long, 0.2-0.3 cm wide. Filaments ca. 4.5 cm long, connate at base for 0.3 cm and adnate to corolla, anthers ca. 1.0 mm long, 1.0 mm wide, included in the corolla throat, quadrangular. Ovary ca. 4.0 mm long, conical, densely pubescent, with multicellular transparent trichomes; style 3.5-4.0 cm long, white with yellow apex, glabrescent; stigma unlobed, papillate, included in corolla tube. Nectary a bilobed dorsal gland. Fruit an indehiscent succulent berry, globose, distally acuminate, uniformly white, pilose; seeds not seen.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A8D5325EE789EB503A0F9FD6F23A9682" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="phenology">
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<paragraph id="022153ACE810D6012C4F61D541D1FCB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="14F981F8C97515438667D2DDB14A6112" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Flowering during June, August, and November. Mature fruits observed in June.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="188AE7268AF18E2F2F02EE9EB477DF48" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="E8694B74A43B74123879F48DF8CD369F" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D763A83865E6CEC09B0A82F323F68841" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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The phyllotaxy in most neotropical
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<taxonomicName id="D5980EFCE215BFDB0FFE396CEB841D30" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gesneriaceae</taxonomicName>
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is opposite with pairs that are either equal in size (isophyllous) or strongly unequal in size (anisophyllous). The leaves in
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<taxonomicName id="F15F222E00997F38A4A781A9621E8FB2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
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<emphasis id="69A532B99DDCDC9167E48B0F0A1519C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are unusual for having anisophyllous leaf pairs (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="CE06FC8BCD0C4C3EDF2855AFAD3A2599" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2B</figureCitation>
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) and isophyllous leaf pairs (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A28018866144C8EF75DADB74EE0106D2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2C</figureCitation>
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) on the same shoot. The specific epithet reflects the remarkable variability of this vegetative character in
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<taxonomicName id="0E88EBEF8D021101AD32D1A3937A1379" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
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<emphasis id="930526265793BBF04813D9E165D28FD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="805C780F0279D2F0358027C01E4C0D18" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
|
<paragraph id="AD6F798F90546CFFDFF6A683D2178132" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
<emphasis id="8E0AF0A9911E5357EFE7F5E861722849" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BE40C7A2C30B91CC684A460B12BEE638" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="C5A2524C2A7798DB5D4DD8E2A0140110" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
J.L.Clark & F.Tobar
|
|
<emphasis id="573A87DE52F1605BA3511EB6C502D07A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
|
|
lateral view of mature flower
|
|
<emphasis id="606E0BDC37299DD4CBFE8B2BCE11BF55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
|
|
anisophyllous leaf pairs
|
|
<emphasis id="69D5DB9EE559D13690303E2018B77886" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
|
isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle)
|
|
<emphasis id="DE8EC904254BE8E2CA2A0FC9D20D9017" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
|
immature berry
|
|
<emphasis id="337B1DDFBFB8D313F608BC0126DC49D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">E</emphasis>
|
|
mature berry (
|
|
<emphasis id="FAA72DD15AB031DBDADB2DE3AA7D9000" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A, B, D</emphasis>
|
|
from
|
|
<emphasis id="25DBB4678EB2272CD42535BE23E87B09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">J.L. Clark 16286</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="208B554CD1C6469F7C763B74B7C960C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C, E</emphasis>
|
|
from
|
|
<emphasis id="848DAEC682FFFEF1093DFD86A7C6AA84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A.J. Perez & F. Tobar sn</emphasis>
|
|
). Photos
|
|
<emphasis id="703890CD76295960DF1573400834C147" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A, B, D</emphasis>
|
|
by J.L. Clark &
|
|
<emphasis id="EFDA1563DCA3C160C51276DEDEFA3781" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C, E</emphasis>
|
|
by F. Tobar.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="7FB9891D4D89A359A4E7F2931751F863" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="66F14CE6FCC3155DF4D5E9CD97A1ACAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution and preliminary assessment of conservation status.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8EF61C73E5A2690EBFCDDE1F8FC4B568" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="927BFA56744DC90B211CBF034C685F6D" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="868F6F07CB057A18BF32BDAEC74014F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is endemic to the northwestern Andean slopes of Ecuador. The only known populations are located in the Mashpi-Pachijal conservation area, in the northwestern province of Pichincha (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="CD6B760F0277A83D1C23C0C5BF32D7E9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of Columnea ceticeps (squares), C. fluidifolia (triangles), and C. pendens (circles). Note that range of C. ceticeps extends into the Colombian departments of Choco, Antioquia and Risaralda (not featured here) (map provided by Marco F. Monteros)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683751" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1</figureCitation>
|
|
). The Mashpi-Pachijal conservation area is located in the broadly defined ecoregion referred to as the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B549A4DA245CB4A15D3A4B5E2C794C30" originalValue="Chocó">Choco</normalizedToken>
|
|
Biogeographic Region or the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4310697ADE209145866264F963134EDE" originalValue="Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena">Tumbes-Choco-Magdalena</normalizedToken>
|
|
biodiversity hotspot. According to the vegetation classification system by the Ecosystems of Continental Ecuador (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="58FC8B01DC2BFE693FD3FA75D87798C4" author="MAE" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B7" refString="MAE, 2012. Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador. Sistema de Clasificacion de los Ecosistemas del Ecuador Continental. Quito, Ecuador." title="Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador. Sistema de Clasificacion de los Ecosistemas del Ecuador Continental. Quito, Ecuador." year="2012">MAE 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), the vegetation is classified as
|
|
<emphasis id="E85DF69AC2193D00B7E9ABB48B87483E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bosque siempreverde piemontano de Cordillera Occidental de los Andes</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="528364E08B2D9F196E36C873530C996F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">BsPn01</emphasis>
|
|
) (premontane evergreen forest) and represents a narrow band between 300 and 1400 meters, that ranges from the Esmeraldas province in the north to the Santo Domingo de los
|
|
<normalizedToken id="5AC75DD6C39A679F8FFB713E3B33722C" originalValue="Tsáchilas">Tsachilas</normalizedToken>
|
|
province in the south. Most remnants of this vegetation have been converted to agriculture crops or livestock. Fewer than 40 individuals of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="739CD0794B0AA7CFB3F645AD75A41FC1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidfolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidfolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="87C0906940949C0D36B74A288045F855" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidfolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known, with a majority in the privately owned reserves of Mashpi and Amagusa. Additional populations of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D654B38671224935D4A2C8CABEEAD74B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="F0EA5B11652E5CCA1BB5F94901C64850" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known along the primary road that connects the two reserves. Based on the available information and according to the IUCN Red List criteria (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B178C8F7A489277367AA2E0C54B86BF7" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B5" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1, 2nd edn. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1, 2 nd edn. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7928C98668736920AA31BC80ED38E9E5" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B6" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. [Downloadable from:] http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. [Downloadable from:]" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7B83967A0F7C756E3C6553A567924908" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="99AFE67AB4318E47674957C4E121DC12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is preliminarily assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) based on an EOO <100 km2 (B1), limited geographic range (criteria B1 + 2a, b), and restricted population of fewer than 50 individuals (D).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="E73765FC3FA5E1E25E93BCA86DBF3CC9" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683753" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph id="193C9C4B2B08F44FAA34C96CD7F62056" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
<emphasis id="4706F03F1B251A43E33A0B3D8D865EAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1CECF574EDB4AA38DD78DA0A092E2908" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="80C5687DA37DC405F4D76213F3F107D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
J.L.Clark & F.Tobar
|
|
<emphasis id="F36DBB3C6D66614D9C33A9AB1FD7DCE7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
|
|
pendent shoot
|
|
<emphasis id="4BE2C0D788BFE431C81570ACAB40E54F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
|
|
lateral view of flower
|
|
<emphasis id="11532BA0474DF41F6D41AD29E81EFC45" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
|
bilobed dorsal nectary gland and ovary
|
|
<emphasis id="5C3B912E6EFBDC3EC80AE2E822059190" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
|
mature calyx with style
|
|
<emphasis id="0DC395C376DB2E9B12119ED1E4ECF7A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">E</emphasis>
|
|
stomatomorphic stigma
|
|
<emphasis id="7090BBA0B10702A19BBA59B61B8B53E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">F</emphasis>
|
|
corolla opened featuring mature anthers
|
|
<emphasis id="AE96AB41BAB23E40FAB1C7913B44D69F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">G</emphasis>
|
|
mature corolla. Illustration by M.J. Gavilanes.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6FD5EB30C16E6640B6041205C237CCC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph id="C920704C51E7CE639F99D317855AFCB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9D63E9ACF17CA65A7A11836A6DAE685C" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2AADB656883585332B7765BD6334025C" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="B7152D76B9884CB3A15875804CE8FF35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="865AD3E6E9051D99B962A93E39B64365" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="08E531833CEF506CF44801C61B41D6D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the presence of pendent elongate shoots and paired leaves that are both anisophyllous (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="681AD1A06A5D433A281FC526645E70D6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2A</figureCitation>
|
|
) and isophyllous (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="299C009A83423EE7B7FCFC1982199041" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2B</figureCitation>
|
|
). In addition, the shallowly bilabiate to tubular corolla and relatively large leaves (> 4 cm long) are not typical for other
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B0FFF172FF89DC33A60A21F4A9333739" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A6F4F62A23D4633EC2D38434E6FB9591" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with pendent elongate shoots. In contrast, most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9544A04C9213A0E66FBA56D2F19D43EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CD3E5B858A115D93ADDFDEDC1A69C0EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with pendent elongate shoots have corollas that are deeply bilabiate and small leaves (<4 cm long).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1A22A1410D1A6E4AECDDBDDCEEF1A25C" authorityName="J. L. Clark & F. Tobar" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="7352229928C18841BB1E9F56BBCA7697" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="29E1EEA38A43FCBE46E77E1685D384DC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
|
|
<emphasis id="012B2D33813E052BAF63DCB0D1139C4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. ceticeps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The calyx lobes and corolla are orange in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="473CB6FBCA974CEE3B7E1673BF2EF300" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="388B71D1798FFE18F613A1A7A304BC38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="AA55C1C29B6D604398C9DBB552DF2522" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2</figureCitation>
|
|
). In contrast, the calyx lobes are green, and the corolla is bright orange in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8843939FBEE8465C6EE69FD975223304" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
|
|
<emphasis id="690855B3703D6A99F740599108B7063A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. ceticeps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6A1918F30973D9ABE06EC88266536C6F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Columnea ceticeps J. L. Clark & J. F. Sm. A mature flower B pendent shoot C deeply bilabiate corolla D calyx lobes (A-D from J. L. Clark 12950 D photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683754" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">4</figureCitation>
|
|
). The corolla tube in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="05CA478C722117E1CEBB4E27F46BA9F2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. fluidifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluidifolia">
|
|
<emphasis id="F02769B0E7BE7AA417817BEE32DD8838" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. fluidifolia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is nearly tubular without the presence of a bilabiate limb (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="9BEC44D17E7DF716BB7C01F04BD93909" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J. L. Clark 16286 C, E from A. J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J. L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683752" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="CBE4393AB06E17C44C4EFAD8FC9D3D98" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Columnea fluidifolia J. L. Clark & F. Tobar A pendent shoot B lateral view of flower C bilobed dorsal nectary gland and ovary D mature calyx with style E stomatomorphic stigma F corolla opened featuring mature anthers G mature corolla. Illustration by M. J. Gavilanes." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683753" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">3</figureCitation>
|
|
). In contrast, the corolla tube in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="63C6922D00CF9E5C1A8EC5EE62E2C7F3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
|
|
<emphasis id="B182A1FDA71ECC918A3BDDEC4DAB64C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. ceticeps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is deeply bilabiate (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="EEB991D17CE4CBB6F343DA093E6F97AB" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Columnea ceticeps J. L. Clark & J. F. Sm. A mature flower B pendent shoot C deeply bilabiate corolla D calyx lobes (A-D from J. L. Clark 12950 D photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683754" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">4</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="31A206B9A5A69D62150F282C4FA74C69" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/683754" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph id="D3369FDD08AE56C9FF16A5A1EBF9DF5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
<emphasis id="85DB331AAED370D1AAF63B1CFCF0799C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AA68E5C7207EEE1F2C4C3819419F7020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea ceticeps" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceticeps">
|
|
<emphasis id="C281A43F348706F54F7EF889F17BAEDB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Columnea ceticeps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm.
|
|
<emphasis id="7A770DC0FBE9D95F8C9D8107E3C048A5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
|
|
mature flower
|
|
<emphasis id="55D99A46BE969AECABC2FB0AF6AF94DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
|
|
pendent shoot
|
|
<emphasis id="EA697820CB8E3DB86E1A603FBA91D659" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
|
deeply bilabiate corolla
|
|
<emphasis id="78B0BC683ABDBDE78D5E8363044ABB3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
|
calyx lobes (
|
|
<emphasis id="92809FDB4428E22E0757BD16DC5FFBBF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A-D</emphasis>
|
|
from
|
|
<emphasis id="F681133CA03F63999CE7C825E0CFA310" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">J.L. Clark 12950</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="CAF6F6D1778A68B512817C013CB88994" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
|
photos by J.L. Clark.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="D1F754BFC0D47BC304D2A1728E8AB0FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
|
Ecuador.
|
|
<emphasis id="8C74587DDA59A7F6F3B2DBC296FEBB91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Pichincha</emphasis>
|
|
: Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, Bosque protector Mashpi, Trasecto Mashpi Laguna
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="918F66B9F52547201F1EA6D7123FD085" degrees="0.169750" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.16975">0.169750°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="7C6F8881EFACA7576D56468A5458B738" degrees="78.872120" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-78.87212">78.872120°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1150 m, 27 Jun 2017,
|
|
<emphasis id="A466EB4FFB57937BDD2F39427CA1117D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">F. Tobar et al. 2908</emphasis>
|
|
(QCA); Bosque protector Mashpi, Trasecto Mashpi Laguna
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4D66FC65809524CBCE1D4E12E0BA4C1A" degrees="0.169750" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.16975">0.169750°N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="0BC8987C5053A0931D3A0AF3F621CE17" degrees="78.872120" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-78.87212">78.872120°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1150 m, 21 Sep 2018,
|
|
<emphasis id="E4C24A65E542BCD5B250BE10A328CD86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">F. Tobar et al. 3267</emphasis>
|
|
(QCA).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |