treatments-xml/data/07/64/87/076487F4485EFFA58BD723F88D7CF9EC.xml

<document id="39367D7C3E4D378C3EF7B4EDFA3B2A6F" ID-CLB-Dataset="42258" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3881.6.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="911057ce-e611-4362-9727-1c6effe43705" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="227707" ID-ZooBank="0668CE39-F233-4ADC-BCEA-95C7EB8747D5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460960149489" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Semprucci, Federica &amp; Sørensen, Martin V." docDate="2014" docId="076487F4485EFFA58BD723F88D7CF9EC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03881p512.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3881 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parapinnanema hawaiiensis Semprucci &amp; Sørensen, 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="509" masterDocId="FB5DFF8C485DFFAD8B4021778A56FFC2" masterDocTitle="A new species of Parapinnanema (Nematoda, Chromadoridae) from Dr Theodor Mortensen’s Pacific Expedition 1914 – 16 with an identification key to the genus" masterLastPageNumber="512" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="504" updateTime="1698586799641" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0D06909247974071522B338FAB45B087">A new species of Parapinnanema (Nematoda, Chromadoridae) from Dr Theodor Mortensen’s Pacific Expedition 1914 – 16 with an identification key to the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C733FA56E8C372E7BF1B78843D2A3305">Semprucci, Federica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC0EFDD1E6BD54DBD02242A49F65FA9E">Sørensen, Martin V.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="076487F4485EFFA58BD723F88D7CF9EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5623963" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119592987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5623963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:076487F4485EFFA58BD723F88D7CF9EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/076487F4485EFFA58BD723F88D7CF9EC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<subSubSection id="C7D76569485EFFAE8BD723F88839FCD1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8BD723F88802FD68" blockId="3.[151,596,655,715]" box="[151,596,655,682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<heading id="D43A818E485EFFAE8BD723F88802FD68" bold="true" box="[151,596,655,682]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" reason="1">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8BD723F88802FD68" bold="true" box="[151,596,655,682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485EFFAE8BD723F88BB9FD6B" box="[151,495,655,681]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8BD723F88BB9FD6B" bold="true" box="[151,495,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B485EFFAE8AB623E78802FD68" box="[502,596,656,682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8BD723C58BD9FD09" blockId="3.[151,596,655,715]" box="[151,399,690,715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
(
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8BDF23C58ABAFD09" box="[159,236,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8BBA23C48B5CFD09" box="[250,266,691,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[243,1339,201,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[236,1350,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov., female paratype A) buccal cavity; B) detail of the change of direction (indicated by the arrows) of the epicuticle sculpture in the vulvar region; C) detail of the ovaries, eggs and vulva. Scale bars: A, 10 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227709/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8A5623C48B70FD09" box="[278,294,691,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1523,1545]" captionTargetBox="[294,1293,179,1501]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[294,1293,179,1502]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) buccal cavity of the holotype; B) detail of the precloacal modification of the cuticle of a male paratype; C) and D) details of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227710/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">3</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C24F0359485EFFAE8A7323C58BD1FD09" box="[307,391,690,715]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,329,352]" captionTargetBox="[159,1419,412,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometric measurements for Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. (all measurements in µm, except ratios; minimum and maximum values are provided for male paratypes)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DBB2666A485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" tableUuid="DBB2666A485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8BD7238D8839FCD1" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" box="[151,623,762,787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8BD7238D8B4AFCD1" bold="true" box="[151,284,762,787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Specimens.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="99CBFD6B485EFFAE8A63238C8B39FCD1" box="[291,367,762,787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
males; 
<specimenCount id="99CBFD6B485EFFAE8A86238C8842FCD1" box="[454,532,762,787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7D76569485EFFAE8B8722698FD5FC05" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8B8722698FD5FC05" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8B8722698B23FCF5" bold="true" box="[199,373,798,823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<typeStatus id="50768840485EFFAE8B8722698B54FCF5" box="[199,258,798,823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="50768840485EFFAE8A3C22698BB1FCF5" box="[380,487,798,823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, adult male, collected by Dr Theodor Mortensen on 
<date id="FB731022485EFFAE8F7622688E9EFCF5" box="[1078,1224,798,823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" value="1915-05-05">May 5, 1915</date>
, during the Pacific Expedition 
<date id="FB731022485EFFAE8A5D22358BC9FC99" box="[285,415,834,859]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" value="1914" valueMax="1916">1914–1916</date>
, at 
<quantity id="48359B07485EFFAE8A8E2234885AFC98" box="[462,524,835,859]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
depth in an unspecified coastal area of Honolulu, Hawaii, mounted for light microscopy and deposited at the Natural History Museum of 
<collectingCountry id="F7DA7672485EFFAE8810221189EEFCBD" box="[848,952,870,895]" name="Denmark" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Denmark</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE888822108E77FCBD" box="[968,1057,871,895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">NHMD</collectionCode>
) under accession number 
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE8E0B22108FCAFCBD" box="[1355,1436,871,895]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">ZMUC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE8BD722FD8AB7FC61" box="[151,225,906,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">NEM-</collectionCode>
5338. 
<typeStatus id="50768840485EFFAE8A6522FC8BC3FC61" box="[293,405,907,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
, one adult female and two adult males, collected together with 
<typeStatus id="50768840485EFFAE8F2522FD8E9CFC61" box="[1125,1226,906,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, mounted together on the same slide for light microscopy and deposited at the 
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE887122D889D0FC04" box="[817,902,943,966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">NHMD</collectionCode>
under accession number 
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE8FE322D88EA2FC05" box="[1187,1268,943,967]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">ZMUC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="E9DCAE27485EFFAE8FBB22D98F13FC05" box="[1275,1349,942,967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">NEM-</collectionCode>
5329.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7D76569485EFFAE8B8722A589C3FC29" box="[199,917,978,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8B8722A589C3FC29" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" box="[199,917,978,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8B8722A58B07FC29" bold="true" box="[199,337,978,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species name refers to the geographical origin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7D76569485EFFAB8B8722818F6CF935" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="507" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="description">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8B872281889BFAED" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485EFFAE8B8722818BEDFBCD" bold="true" box="[199,443,1014,1039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Description of Male:</emphasis>
Body cylindrical with blunt head and conico-cylindrical tail (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8F2A22818EFEFBCD" box="[1130,1192,1014,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A). Six internal labial sensillae in form of papillae. Six outer labial and four cephalic sensillae in a single circle, and in form of setiform papillae. Cuticle annulated and complex, battlement-like and heterogeneous, as typical for the genus (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8E7425498F20FB95" box="[1332,1398,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Annulation starts about 7 µm from the anterior end (at the level of the dorsal tooth), and is generally 3 µm thick, but thickens to 4 µm in the pharyngeal region. The cuticular annulation consists of two concentric layers of heavily sclerotized annules that are anteriorly directed on the anterior half of the body and posteriorly directed on the posterior body half. Four fields devoid of ornamentation are present in the posterior body part (two laterally, one dorsally and ventrally) (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8AE425858BB5FAC9" box="[420,483,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). The non-ornamented zones are narrower anteriorly (6 µm wide) and larger in the median (14 µm) and caudal body regions (16 µm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8B87244D8E63F978" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
The cuticular sheath of the anterior end of the buccal cavity is supported by the usual twelve buccal rugae (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8E2F244D8AF4FAB5" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B). The dorsal tooth is shallowly set into the wall of the buccal cavity, and is relatively large (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8F9624298F4DFAB5" box="[1238,1307,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs 1</figureCitation>
B and 3A). There are two small pointed ventral teeth and a lateral one. Amphideal fovea transverse, 12 µm wide, slit-like, located 6 µm from anterior body end (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE890C24D188DBFA7D" box="[588,653,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Diameter of amphidial fovea 0.5 of the cbd. Pharynx cylindrical, slightly enlarged posteriorly. Nerve ring at about 47% of the PL. Cardia cells not visible. Reproductive system monorchic. Male spicules arcuate (63 µm, 1.0 abd) with a small capitulum. Lateral pieces of the gubernaculum Lshaped, with the sharp flexure forming an almost exact right-angle (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE88EF276589A2F9E9" box="[943,1012,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs 1</figureCitation>
E and 3C). The L-shaped pieces are about one-fifth the length of the spicules (41 µm). The proximal parts of the L-shaped pieces are about 1.7 the length of the distal one (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8AEE272D8BB9F9B1" box="[430,495,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E). The median piece of the gubernaculum is complex and consists of a plate with swollen distal end and is characterized by a distinct tooth (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE88682709893CF955" box="[808,874,1662,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs 1</figureCitation>
E and 3C, D). It is laterally expanded and reaches the L-shaped pieces. Two differently oriented tips are also present in its distal part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485EFFAE8B8727B18948F851" blockId="3.[151,1437,762,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
Cloacal opening surrounded by about 8 incomplete annules with a thick, protruding border (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8E5027B18F02F91D" box="[1296,1364,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G). A cuticular elevation, 3 µm high, rises just anterior to the cloacal opening (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8880279D8E54F8C1" box="[960,1026,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs 1</figureCitation>
D and 3C). Anterior to the cloaca, at about 88 µm, the ventral body cuticle is modified into a distinctive raised area that comprised about 11 annules (8 µm high) (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8A5226458B08F889" box="[274,350,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
D and 3B). A morphologically similar area is present on the ventral side of the tail, but this is smaller and sometimes difficult to discern. Tail conico-cylindrical, spinneret present; non-annulated asymmetrical tail tip 18 µm long (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485EFFAE8A37260D8BE1F851" box="[375,439,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov. A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). No terminal setae observed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DBB2666A4859FFA98BD726728EA2F8B5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227708/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" targetBox="[160,1426,200,1766]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8F7236E24859FFA98BD726728EA2F8B5" blockId="4.[151,1436,1797,1911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04859FFA98BD726728B44F8D8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1797,1819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614859FFA98A592671886DF8D9" box="[281,571,1797,1819]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04859FFA98A592671886DF8D9" box="[281,571,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B4859FFA98901267288C7F8D8" box="[577,657,1797,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04859FFA98901267288C7F8D8" bold="true" box="[577,657,1797,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A) holotype habitus; B) detail of the buccal cavity of the holotype; C) detail of the cuticular ornamentation in the cervical region of a male paratype; D) cuticular ornamentation in the middle body of the holotype; E) caudal region of the holotype; F) detail of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype; G) pattern of the cuticular ornamentation in the cloacal region of a male paratype. Scale bars: A, 100µm; B, C, E, F, G 10 µm; D, 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DBB2666A4858FFA88BD726198B90F803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227709/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" targetBox="[243,1339,201,1871]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8F7236E24858FFA88BD726198B90F803" blockId="5.[151,1436,1902,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04858FFA88BD726198B43F841" bold="true" box="[151,277,1902,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614858FFA88A6026188813F846" box="[288,581,1902,1924]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04858FFA88A6026188813F846" box="[288,581,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B4858FFA8890E261888F5F846" box="[590,675,1903,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04858FFA8890E261888F5F846" bold="true" box="[590,675,1903,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female paratype A) buccal cavity; B) detail of the change of direction (indicated by the arrows) of the epicuticle sculpture in the vulvar region; C) detail of the ovaries, eggs and vulva. Scale bars: A, 10 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DBB2666A485BFFAB8BD724848BC6F984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227710/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" targetBox="[294,1293,179,1501]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485BFFAB8BD724848BC6F984" blockId="6.[151,1436,1523,1606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB8BD724848B43F9CA" bold="true" box="[151,277,1523,1545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Light micrographs of 
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485BFFAB89462483897DF9CB" box="[518,811,1523,1545]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB89462483897DF9CB" box="[518,811,1523,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B485BFFAB8874248489DEF9CA" box="[820,904,1523,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB8874248489DEF9CA" bold="true" box="[820,904,1523,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A) buccal cavity of the holotype; B) detail of the precloacal modification of the cuticle of a male paratype; C) and D) details of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype. Scale bars: A, B, C, D, 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485BFFAB8B8727048F6CF935" blockId="6.[151,1437,1651,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB8B8727048B87F94E" bold="true" box="[199,465,1651,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Description of female:</emphasis>
General appearance similar to the male. Genital system didelphic, amphidelphic with reflexed ovaries (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485BFFAB8A2327E18BFDF96D" box="[355,427,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[243,1339,201,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[236,1350,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov., female paratype A) buccal cavity; B) detail of the change of direction (indicated by the arrows) of the epicuticle sculpture in the vulvar region; C) detail of the ovaries, eggs and vulva. Scale bars: A, 10 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227709/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C). Four eggs present in each branch of uterus. Musculature developed as a sphincter around the uterine chamber, with paired spermathecae. Vulva elongated extending over 11 annules; vagina open. A change of the direction of the epicuticle sculpture is observed in the vulvar region of the female (
<figureCitation id="17F62A67485BFFAB8F9427A98F4FF935" box="[1236,1305,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[243,1339,201,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[236,1350,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parapinnanema hawaiiensis sp. nov., female paratype A) buccal cavity; B) detail of the change of direction (indicated by the arrows) of the epicuticle sculpture in the vulvar region; C) detail of the ovaries, eggs and vulva. Scale bars: A, 10 µm; B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227709/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7D76569485BFFA58B8726748D7CF9EC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485BFFAB8B872674884FF836" blockId="6.[151,1437,1651,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB8B8726748B17F8DE" bold="true" box="[199,321,1795,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485BFFAB8A08267388DEF8D9" box="[328,648,1795,1819]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB8A08267388DEF8D9" box="[328,648,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485BFFAB89CE267488BEF8DE" bold="true" box="[654,744,1795,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B485BFFAB89CE267488BEF8DE" box="[654,744,1795,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a relatively slender animal (L= 
<date id="FB731022485BFFAB8F2926748EBEF8DE" box="[1129,1256,1795,1820]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" value="2184" valueMax="2250">2184–2250</date>
µm, a = 33–36) with a buccal cavity which does not have a massive dorsal tooth and does have small subventral teeth, and a complex copulatory apparatus with the spicules (63–74 µm long) partially covered by the gubernaculum structure. Proximal part of L-shaped piece is about 1.7 the length its distal part. Gubernaculum very complex, with its median part forming a plate with swollen distal end and a distinct tooth. A lateral expansion starting from the distal part reaches the L-shaped pieces giving them a hump-like perception. Two tips, differently orientated, present in the proximal part of the median piece.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485AFFAA8B8721E089AAFEDF" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8B8721E08B9BFF72" bold="true" box="[199,461,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485AFFAA8A9421EF8942FF72" box="[468,788,152,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8A9421EF8942FF72" box="[468,788,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA885B21E08923FF72" bold="true" box="[795,885,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B485AFFAA885B21E08923FF72" box="[795,885,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is in morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485AFFAA8FA421EE8F72FF72" box="[1252,1316,152,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Austranema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alii">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8FA421EE8F72FF72" box="[1252,1316,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">P. alii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485AFFAA8E7321EE8FCAFF72" box="[1331,1436,152,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bableti">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8E7321EE8FCAFF72" box="[1331,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">P. bableti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8B8621CA8B45FF16" box="[198,275,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">P. r i t ae</emphasis>
having similar total body length of the male and the De Man ratio values 
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8F1421CA8E34FF16" box="[1108,1122,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">a</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8F3121CB8E29FF16" box="[1137,1151,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">b</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8FF521CA8E97FF16" box="[1205,1217,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">c</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="C24F0359485AFFAA8F9121CB8F4CFF16" box="[1233,1306,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[119,200,614,635]" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometrics of all the valid species of Parapinnanema, together with their distribution." pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Tab. 3</tableCitation>
). However, the new species differs by its lower ratios 
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA89C7219788CBFF35" box="[647,669,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">c’</emphasis>
and is distinguished by the presence of a lateral expansion of the median gubernaculum piece which is absent in the other species of the genus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DBB2666A485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42" ID-Table-UUID="DBB2666A485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DBB2666A485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" targetBox="[159,1419,412,1838]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485AFFAA8BD7203E89CBFE42" blockId="7.[151,1435,328,384]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA8BD7203E8B5BFEA2" bold="true" box="[151,269,329,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Morphometric measurements for 
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D61485AFFAA89CB203E8996FEA2" box="[651,960,328,352]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA89CB203E8996FEA2" box="[651,960,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Parapinnanema hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B485AFFAA888B203E8E72FEA2" box="[971,1060,329,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF0485AFFAA888B203E8E72FEA2" bold="true" box="[971,1060,329,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(all measurements in µm, except ratios; minimum and maximum values are provided for male paratypes).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8F7236E2485AFFAA8BDF20EB8EA4F8EC" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<table id="FDCDC442485A00528BDF20EB8FDDF8EC" box="[159,1419,412,1838]" gridcols="3" gridrows="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF20EB8FDDFE70" box="[159,1419,412,434]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF20EB8881FE70" box="[159,727,412,434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Character Holotype</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485A0052886920EB8998FE70" box="[809,974,412,434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Paratype 1-male</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E20EB8FDDFE70" box="[1038,1419,412,434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Paratype 2-male Paratype 1-female</th>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF20BF8FDDFE1C" box="[159,1419,456,478]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF20BF8881FE1C" box="[159,727,456,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Slide number NEM-5338</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886920BF8998FE1C" box="[809,974,456,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">NEM-5329</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E20BF8FDDFE1C" box="[1038,1419,456,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">NEM-5329 NEM-5329</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF20838FDDFDC8" box="[159,1419,500,522]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF20838881FDC8" box="[159,727,500,522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Total length 2184</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886920838998FDC8" box="[809,974,500,522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2223</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E20838FDDFDC8" box="[1038,1419,500,522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2250 2259</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF23578FDDFDF4" box="[159,1419,544,566]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF23578881FDF4" box="[159,727,544,566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Head diameter 22</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886923578998FDF4" box="[809,974,544,566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">20</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E23578FDDFDF4" box="[1038,1419,544,566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">21 20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF233B8FDDFDA0" box="[159,1419,588,610]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF233B8881FDA0" box="[159,727,588,610]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Inner labial sensilla Papillate</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869233B8998FDA0" box="[809,974,588,610]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Papillate</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E233B8FDDFDA0" box="[1038,1419,588,610]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Papillate Papillate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF230F8FDDFD4C" box="[159,1419,632,654]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF230F8881FD4C" box="[159,727,632,654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Outer labial sensilla 2</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869230F8998FD4C" box="[809,974,632,654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E230F8FDDFD4C" box="[1038,1419,632,654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n.v. 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF23D38FDDFD78" box="[159,1419,676,698]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF23D38881FD78" box="[159,727,676,698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Cephalic sensilla 2</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886923D38998FD78" box="[809,974,676,698]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E23D38FDDFD78" box="[1038,1419,676,698]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n.v. 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF23A78FDDFD24" box="[159,1419,720,742]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF23A78881FD24" box="[159,727,720,742]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Dorsal tooth 4</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886923A78998FD24" box="[809,974,720,742]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">4</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E23A78FDDFD24" box="[1038,1419,720,742]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">4 4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF238B8FDDFCD0" box="[159,1419,764,786]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF238B8881FCD0" box="[159,727,764,786]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Subventral teeth 2</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869238B8998FCD0" box="[809,974,764,786]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E238B8FDDFCD0" box="[1038,1419,764,786]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF225F8FDDFC44" box="[159,1419,808,902]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF225F8881FC44" box="[159,727,808,902]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anterior to anterior edge of 6 amphid Amphid diameter 12</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869225F8998FC44" box="[809,974,808,902]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">6 12</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E225F8FDDFC44" box="[1038,1419,808,902]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">6 6 nv 14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF22EB8FDDFC70" box="[159,1419,924,946]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF22EB8881FC70" box="[159,727,924,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anterior edge to nerve ring 139</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886922EB8998FC70" box="[809,974,924,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">134</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E22EB8FDDFC70" box="[1038,1419,924,946]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">138 105</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF22BF8FDDFC1C" box="[159,1419,968,990]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF22BF8881FC1C" box="[159,727,968,990]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Nerve ring cbd 55</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886922BF8998FC1C" box="[809,974,968,990]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">47</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E22BF8FDDFC1C" box="[1038,1419,968,990]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">51 46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF22838FDDFBC8" box="[159,1419,1012,1034]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF22838881FBC8" box="[159,727,1012,1034]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Pharynx Length 294</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886922838998FBC8" box="[809,974,1012,1034]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">295</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E22838FDDFBC8" box="[1038,1419,1012,1034]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">282 310</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF25578FDDFBF4" box="[159,1419,1056,1078]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF25578881FBF4" box="[159,727,1056,1078]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Pharynx cbd 59</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886925578998FBF4" box="[809,974,1056,1078]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">57</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E25578FDDFBF4" box="[1038,1419,1056,1078]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">56 60</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF253B8FDDFBA0" box="[159,1419,1100,1122]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF253B8881FBA0" box="[159,727,1100,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Maximum body diameter 66</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869253B8998FBA0" box="[809,974,1100,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">66</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E253B8FDDFBA0" box="[1038,1419,1100,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">63 75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF250F8FDDFB4C" box="[159,1419,1144,1166]" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF250F8881FB4C" box="[159,727,1144,1166]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anterior edge to vulva n/a</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869250F8998FB4C" box="[809,974,1144,1166]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E250F8FDDFB4C" box="[1038,1419,1144,1166]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a 1092</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF25D38FDDFB78" box="[159,1419,1188,1210]" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF25D38881FB78" box="[159,727,1188,1210]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Vulva cbd n/a</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886925D38998FB78" box="[809,974,1188,1210]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E25D38FDDFB78" box="[1038,1419,1188,1210]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a 75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF25A78FDDFB24" box="[159,1419,1232,1254]" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF25A78881FB24" box="[159,727,1232,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anterior to anus 1964</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886925A78998FB24" box="[809,974,1232,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2009</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E25A78FDDFB24" box="[1038,1419,1232,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">2034 1994</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF258B8FDDFAD0" box="[159,1419,1276,1298]" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF258B8881FAD0" box="[159,727,1276,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">abd 63</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869258B8998FAD0" box="[809,974,1276,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">59</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E258B8FDDFAD0" box="[1038,1419,1276,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">56 38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF245F8FDDFAFC" box="[159,1419,1320,1342]" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF245F8881FAFC" box="[159,727,1320,1342]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Spicules 63</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869245F8998FAFC" box="[809,974,1320,1342]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">65</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E245F8FDDFAFC" box="[1038,1419,1320,1342]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">74 n/a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF24238FDDFAA8" box="[159,1419,1364,1386]" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF24238881FAA8" box="[159,727,1364,1386]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Gubernaculum 33</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886924238998FAA8" box="[809,974,1364,1386]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">34</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E24238FDDFAA8" box="[1038,1419,1364,1386]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">31 n/a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF24F78FDDFA1C" box="[159,1419,1408,1502]" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF24F78881FA1C" box="[159,727,1408,1502]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anus to most anterior 88 supplement Tail length 220</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886924F78998FA1C" box="[809,974,1408,1502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">91 214</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E24F78FDDFA1C" box="[1038,1419,1408,1502]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">104 n/a 216 264</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF27578FDDF9F4" box="[159,1419,1568,1590]" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF27578881F9F4" box="[159,727,1568,1590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">a 33</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886927578998F9F4" box="[809,974,1568,1590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">34</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E27578FDDF9F4" box="[1038,1419,1568,1590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">36 30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF273B8FDDF9A0" box="[159,1419,1612,1634]" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF273B8881F9A0" box="[159,727,1612,1634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">b 7.4</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869273B8998F9A0" box="[809,974,1612,1634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7.5</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E273B8FDDF9A0" box="[1038,1419,1612,1634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">8.0 7.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF270F8FDDF94C" box="[159,1419,1656,1678]" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF270F8881F94C" box="[159,727,1656,1678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">c 9.9</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528869270F8998F94C" box="[809,974,1656,1678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">10.4</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E270F8FDDF94C" box="[1038,1419,1656,1678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">10.4 8.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF27D38FDDF978" box="[159,1419,1700,1722]" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF27D38881F978" box="[159,727,1700,1722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">c’ 3.5</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886927D38998F978" box="[809,974,1700,1722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">3.6</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E27D38FDDF978" box="[1038,1419,1700,1722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">3.9 7.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485A00528BDF27A78FDDF8EC" box="[159,1419,1744,1838]" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<th id="722C5DDC485A00528BDF27A78881F8EC" box="[159,727,1744,1838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Distance from anterior edge to vulva n/a divided by total body length s’ 1.0</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485A0052886927A78998F8EC" box="[809,974,1744,1838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a 1.1</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485A00528F4E27A78FDDF8EC" box="[1038,1419,1744,1838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">n/a 0.48 1.3 n/a</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DBB2666A4855FFA58B3723118E06FDB9" box="[119,1104,614,635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58B3723118E06FDB9" blockId="8.[119,1104,614,635]" box="[119,1104,614,635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3723118AB0FDB9" bold="true" box="[119,230,614,635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Morphometrics of all the valid species of 
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA5893D2311894EFDB9" box="[637,792,614,635]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA5893D2311894EFDB9" box="[637,792,614,635]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Parapinnanema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, together with their distribution.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58B3723D78D53FD13" blockId="8.[119,1797,672,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3723D78CEBFD77" bold="true" box="[119,1725,672,693]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Species Sex n L a b c c' spic / V Distribution/Habitat</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA58BD223CC8B07FD13" authority="Murphy, 1965" authorityName="Murphy" authorityYear="1965" box="[146,337,699,721]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Austranema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alii">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58BD223CC8AE4FD13" box="[146,178,699,721]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">alii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EB5C4B134855FFA58BFE23CB8B1CFD13" author="Murphy" box="[190,330,700,721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" refString="Murphy, D. G. (1965) The marine nematode genus Nygmatonchus Cobb, 1933 rediscovered, with the description of N. alii, new species. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 9, 204 - 209." type="journal article" year="1965">Murphy, 1965</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
♂ 3 1600-2000 37.6-41.0 6.2-8.5 8.2-10.3 58 
<collectingCountry id="F7DA76724855FFA58EAA23CB8C13FD13" box="[1514,1605,700,721]" name="Maldives" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Maldives</collectingCountry>
, Ari Atoll; subtidal;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA5892023A08F96FCCA" blockId="8.[119,1797,672,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
1800 39.5 7.2 9.5 5.1 sand; 
<bibRefCitation id="EB5C4B134855FFA58D6223A08CF3FD2E" author="Murphy" box="[1570,1701,727,748]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" refString="Murphy, D. G. (1965) The marine nematode genus Nygmatonchus Cobb, 1933 rediscovered, with the description of N. alii, new species. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 9, 204 - 209." type="journal article" year="1965">Murphy 1965</bibRefCitation>
♀ 4 1900-2050 27.2-31.5 7.1-7.9 8.5-9.8 45.3-50.7
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA5892022798FDCFCE1" blockId="8.[119,1797,672,803]" box="[608,1418,782,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">1980 29.4 7.5 8.9 6 48.1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58ADE22328D56FCB4" blockId="8.[414,1807,837,915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
♂ 3 1700-2100 32.7-38.7 7.4-8.0 8.9-9.8 4.5-5.7 38-52 Western 
<collectingCountry id="F7DA76724855FFA58D0022318CCCFC99" box="[1600,1690,838,859]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Shark Bay; 1930 36.4 7.7 9.3 5 45 sublittoral, 
<quantity id="48359B074855FFA58D1722168CDCFCB4" box="[1623,1674,865,886]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EB5C4B134855FFA58DD422168D56FCB4" author="Inglis" box="[1684,1792,865,886]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" refString="Inglis, W. G. (1969) Convergence in the structure of the head and cuticle of Euchromadora species and apparently similar nematodes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology 17, 149 - 204." type="journal article" year="1969">Inglis 1969</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58ADE220A8F96FC50" blockId="8.[414,1807,837,915]" box="[414,1472,893,915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♀ 2 1900-2310 37-40.5 7-7.2 10-11 5.7 45.9-47.3</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58ADE22C38CF0FA15" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<table id="FDCDC442485500528B3722C38D7FFA1B" box="[119,1833,948,1497]" gridcols="10" gridrows="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<tr id="31FD34A0485500528B3722C38D7FFBDC" box="[119,1833,948,1054]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="722C5DDC485500528ADE22C38BE6FBDC" box="[414,432,948,1054]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♂ ♀</th>
<th id="722C5DDC48550052894022C38864FBDC" box="[512,562,948,1054]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">10+2 10 9</th>
<th id="722C5DDC48550052892022C38955FBDC" box="[608,771,948,1054]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">1465-2010/3325 1847±169 1825-2260 1989±133</th>
<th id="722C5DDC48550052887C22C389CAFBDC" box="[828,924,948,1054]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">31.2-37.6 35.2±2.1 32.1-34.9 32.8±2.0</th>
<th id="722C5DDC48550052888C22C38E43FBDC" box="[972,1045,948,1054]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">6.8-8.4 7.5±0.3 7.1-7.8 7.4±0.2</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485500528F0D22C38EFBFBDC" box="[1101,1197,948,1054]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">8.7-9.5 9.0±0.6 8.1-8.9 8.5±0.3</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485500528F9622C38F76FBDC" box="[1238,1312,948,1054]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">4.3-4.9 4.7±0.3 6.9-7.3 7.1±0.4</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485500528E2022C38F96FBDC" box="[1376,1472,948,1054]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">55-63/92 66±2.6 47.3-48.5 47.8±1.5</th>
<th id="722C5DDC485500528EAA22C38D7FFBDC" box="[1514,1833,948,1054]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">New Caledonia, South-western Lagoon; 9-13 m; mud, fine sand; Gourtbault &amp; Vincx 1994</th>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485500528B3725488D7FFB6A" box="[119,1833,1087,1192]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<th id="722C5DDC485500528B3725488B0CFB6A" box="[119,346,1087,1192]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA58B3725378AB8FBB2" authority="Gourtbault &amp; Vincx, 1994" authorityName="Gourtbault &amp; Vincx" authorityYear="1994" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bableti">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3725378A83FB97" box="[119,213,1087,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">P. bableti</emphasis>
Gourtbault &amp; Vincx, 1994
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528ADE25488BE6FB6A" box="[414,432,1087,1192]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♂ ♀</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052894025488864FB6A" box="[512,562,1087,1192]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">15 16</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052892025488955FB6A" box="[608,771,1087,1192]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">1735-2245 1906±123 1780-2185 2062±150</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052887C254889CAFB6A" box="[828,924,1087,1192]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">36.1-44.9 39.5±2.6 27.4-32.1 30.7±1.7</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052888C25488E43FB6A" box="[972,1045,1087,1192]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">7.1-7.7 7.3±0.2 6.8-7.8 7.3±0.4</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F0D25488EFBFB6A" box="[1101,1197,1087,1192]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">8.4-9.9 9.1±0.2 7.9-8.9 8.4±0.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F9625488F76FB6A" box="[1238,1312,1087,1192]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">4.4-5.3 4.8±0.2 7.4-8.7 8±0.5</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528E2025488F96FB6A" box="[1376,1472,1087,1192]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">70-77 72.4±2.3 46.3-47.7 46.9±0.5</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528EAA25488D7FFB6A" box="[1514,1833,1087,1192]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Tuamotu Archipelago, Fangataufa Atoll; lagoon habitat, 6-38 m; fine to medium sand; Gourtbault &amp; Vincx 1994</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485500528B3725BE8D7FFAF0" box="[119,1833,1225,1330]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<th id="722C5DDC485500528B3725BE8B0CFAF0" box="[119,346,1225,1330]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA58B3725BD8B04FB1D" authority="Inglis, 1968" authorityName="Inglis" authorityYear="1968" box="[119,338,1225,1247]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Austranema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="colesi">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3725BD8ADAFB1D" box="[119,140,1226,1247]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58BD225BE8A9CFB1D" box="[146,202,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">colesi</emphasis>
(Inglis, 1968)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528ADE25BE8BE6FAF0" box="[414,432,1225,1330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♂ ♀</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052894025BE8864FAF0" box="[512,562,1225,1330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">5 4</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052892025BE8955FAF0" box="[608,771,1225,1330]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">2270-3430 2954±576 3240-3580 3422.5±141</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052887C25BE89CAFAF0" box="[828,924,1225,1330]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">39.7-47.3 43.7±3.2 32.8-38.2 34.8±2.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052888C25BE8E43FAF0" box="[972,1045,1225,1330]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">8.8-9.6 9.3±3.1 8.8-9.7 9.2±0.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F0D25BE8EFBFAF0" box="[1101,1197,1225,1330]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">10-11.5 11±0.6 10.1-11.4 10.7±0.6</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F9625BE8F76FAF0" box="[1238,1312,1225,1330]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">4.6-6 5.2±0.6</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528E2025BE8F96FAF0" box="[1376,1472,1225,1330]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">39-61 49.6±9.4 48.7-49.5 49±0.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528EAA25BE8D7FFAF0" box="[1514,1833,1225,1330]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">New Caledonia, St Vincent's Bay; sublittoral, 4-14 m; fine to coarse sand; Inglis 1968</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485500528B3724248D7FFA47" box="[119,1833,1363,1413]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<th id="722C5DDC485500528B3724248B0CFA47" box="[119,346,1363,1413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA58B3724238ABCFA46" authority="Warwick &amp; Coles, 1975" authorityName="Warwick &amp; Coles" authorityYear="1975" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="harveyi">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3724238A8CFAAB" box="[119,218,1363,1385]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">P. harveyi</emphasis>
Warwick &amp; Coles, 1975
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528ADE24248BE6FA47" box="[414,432,1363,1413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♂ ♀</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052894024248864FA47" box="[512,562,1363,1413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">3 1</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052892024248955FA47" box="[608,771,1363,1413]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">3810-3860 3570</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052887C242489CAFA47" box="[828,924,1363,1413]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">56.6</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052888C24248E43FA47" box="[972,1045,1363,1413]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">8.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F0D24248EFBFA47" box="[1101,1197,1363,1413]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">11.9</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F9624248F76FA47" box="[1238,1312,1363,1413]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">6.5</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528E2024248F96FA47" box="[1376,1472,1363,1413]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">53-58 47.8</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528EAA24248D7FFA47" box="[1514,1833,1363,1413]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Isles of Scilly; intertidal; coarse sand; Warwick &amp; Coles 1975</td>
</tr>
<tr id="31FD34A0485500528B3724D18D7FFA1B" box="[119,1833,1446,1497]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="722C5DDC485500528B3724D18B0CFA1B" box="[119,346,1446,1497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<taxonomicName id="48CD4D614855FFA58B3724D08B55FA7E" box="[119,259,1446,1468]" class="Adenophorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Parapinnanema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58B3724D08B55FA7E" box="[119,259,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">P. hawaiiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A68A578B4855FFA58A4924D08B01FA7E" box="[265,343,1447,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58A4924D08B01FA7E" bold="true" box="[265,343,1447,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528ADE24D18BE6FA1B" box="[414,432,1446,1497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♂</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052892024D18955FA1B" box="[608,771,1446,1497]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">2184-2250 2219±33</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052887C24D189CAFA1B" box="[828,924,1446,1497]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">33-36 34.3±1.5</td>
<td id="722C5DDC48550052888C24D18E43FA1B" box="[972,1045,1446,1497]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">7.4-8.0 7.6±0.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F0D24D18EFBFA1B" box="[1101,1197,1446,1497]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">9.9-10.4 10.2±0.3</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528F9624D18F76FA1B" box="[1238,1312,1446,1497]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">3.5-3.9 3.7±0.2</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528E2024D18F96FA1B" box="[1376,1472,1446,1497]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">63-74 67±6</td>
<td id="722C5DDC485500528EAA24D18D7FFA1B" box="[1514,1833,1446,1497]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">Hawaii, Honolulu; coastal area, 10 m; present study</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58ADE248C8F2EF9D3" blockId="8.[414,1834,1531,1582]" box="[414,1400,1531,1553]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">♀ 30 7.3 8.5 7.0 48</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7236E24855FFA58D43276F8D7CF9EC" blockId="8.[414,1834,1531,1582]" box="[1539,1834,1560,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">
<emphasis id="BDB9EAF04855FFA58D43276F8D7CF9EC" box="[1539,1834,1560,1582]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="509">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>