182 lines
19 KiB
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182 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1130-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6007CB98AFAA58A5BD50EA75BBF78B0C" ID-ZooBank="C8FFC906D96F43ACA5B9FB21B6E27C33" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1130-103" checkinTime="1668813907773" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Portman, Zachary M., Arduser, Mike, Lane, Ian G. & Cariveau, Daniel P." docDate="2022" docId="0562824DD2EC542797DB7290F59096AE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1130: 103-152" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1130" docPubDate="2022-11-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413" docTitle="Augochloropsis (Paraugochloropsis) cuprea Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau 2022, stat. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="6007CB98AFAA58A5BD50EA75BBF78B0C" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="6007CB98AFAA58A5BD50EA75BBF78B0C" masterDocTitle="A review of the Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) and keys to the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668813907773" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) and keys to the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Portman, Zachary M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-8196</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zportman@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Arduser, Mike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Conservation Research Institute, Cedarburg, WI, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lane, Ian G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6645-2136</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cariveau, Daniel P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3064-0071</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-11-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1130</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>152</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1130-103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C8FFC906D96F43ACA5B9FB21B6E27C33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6007CB98AFAA58A5BD50EA75BBF78B0C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0562824DD2EC542797DB7290F59096AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0562824DD2EC542797DB7290F59096AE" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0562824D-D2EC-5427-97DB-7290F59096AE" authority="(Smith)" authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis (Paraugochloropsis) cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Paraugochloropsis">Augochloropsis (Paraugochloropsis) cuprea (Smith)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea" status="stat. nov.">Augochlora cuprea</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1853: 79 ♀. Images examined by ZP and MA (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Holotype</emphasis>
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: ♀ North America [OUMNH]. (Labels read: "[small square with illegible markings] // HOLOTYPE / Augochloropsis /cuprea (Sm) / J.S. Moure 1957 // Probably the Holotype as labelled. No specimen labelled Type in B.M. / C.D. Michener in litt. 13 VIII 1965").
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea" status="stat. nov.">Augochloropsis cuprea</taxonomicName>
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(in
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<bibRefCitation author="Sandhouse, GA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="65 - 79" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" refId="B48" refString="Sandhouse, GA, 1937. The bees of the genera Augochlora, Augochloropsis, and Augochlorella (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) occurring in the United States. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 27: 65 - 79, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" title="The bees of the genera Augochlora, Augochloropsis, and Augochlorella (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) occurring in the United States." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" volume="27" year="1937">Sandhouse 1937</bibRefCitation>
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[in part]: key).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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The type of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22</figureCitation>
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) was located in the Oxford Museum, and based on the label, it was examined by J.S. Moure in 1957 and C.D. Michener in 1965. The specimen is not clearly labeled as the type, but both Moure and Michener agreed that it was likely the holotype.
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<bibRefCitation author="Sandhouse, GA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="65 - 79" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" refId="B48" refString="Sandhouse, GA, 1937. The bees of the genera Augochlora, Augochloropsis, and Augochlorella (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) occurring in the United States. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 27: 65 - 79, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" title="The bees of the genera Augochlora, Augochloropsis, and Augochlorella (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) occurring in the United States." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/122710" volume="27" year="1937">Sandhouse (1937)</bibRefCitation>
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appears to have only examined the type by proxy through sawfly taxonomist R. B. Benson and
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<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell, TB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B31" refString="Mitchell, TB, 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 538 pp." title="Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 538 pp." year="1960">Mitchell (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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did not examine it.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was considered a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName authority="metallica" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis metallica subsp. metallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="metallica" subSpecies="metallica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis metallica metallica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by both
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<bibRefCitation author="Moure, JS" journalOrPublisher="Studia Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="97 - 160" refId="B33" refString="Moure, JS, 1960. Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Studia Entomologica 3: 97 - 160" title="Notes on the types of the Neotropical bees described by Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." volume="3" year="1960">Moure (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell, TB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B31" refString="Mitchell, TB, 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 538 pp." title="Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 538 pp." year="1960">Mitchell (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, examination of the type of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reveals that it is distinct from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis metallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis metallica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the short T2 fringe (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22D</figureCitation>
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), the relatively short T3 impressed area (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22D</figureCitation>
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), the presence of some black hairs on the metasoma (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22A, D</figureCitation>
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), the more shining propodeum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22C</figureCitation>
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), and the short posterior carina of the propodeum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Augochloropsis cuprea holotype female A lateral view B head C rear dorsal view of propodeum D metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 1 mm (D). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">22C, D</figureCitation>
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). As a result, we recognize the two forms as heterospecific and thus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a valid species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771331" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 22.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype female
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
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lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
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head
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
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rear dorsal view of propodeum
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
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metasoma. Scale bars: 5 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
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); 1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
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); 1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
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). Images provided by Dr. James Hogan (OUMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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The range of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is unclear as
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, F" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B52" refString="Smith, F, 1853. Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Andrenidae and Apidae. British Museum, London" title="Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Andrenidae and Apidae." year="1853">Smith (1853)</bibRefCitation>
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reports the type locality as "North America". We have in our possession a single female from Oklahoma (from Four Canyon Preserve headquarters, Ellis County) that may be a match for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but this must be considered tentative, especially since the Oklahoma specimen lacks the number of black hairs on the metasoma seen in the type. There is also the possibility that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Portman & Arduser & Lane & Cariveau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Smith" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochloropsis cuprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuprea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochloropsis cuprea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a Mexican species, especially since multiple Mexican species share the character of the broadly shiny propodeal triangle. The male remains unknown and additional investigation, with more material, is sorely needed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |