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<document id="C9C4D4225EB163F8AFD5B04B11D0EEF8" ID-CLB-Dataset="32399" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="843325" ID-ZooBank="EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502790552672" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka &amp; Griffiths, Charles" docDate="2017" docId="03FE87F0FF97FFECFF57FF49FBD3FCFD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4296.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4296 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tropholampas loveni" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFC7FF88FFA7FFDCFFC0FF97FFC9FFF3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698466659567" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CB61708C521F0167C2FCB3E3E996A483">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4FB10D1693D34F7EDA7D4881DBA3E0AE">Filander, Zoleka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EBD3726AAC8F58A97CE9498F63406E8D">Griffiths, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="32C3857034398395649C92BBC21496CE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FC5177A69EA8EBD72F1204B421F598A8">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FF97FFECFF57FF49FBD3FCFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022855" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650385" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022855" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FF97FFECFF57FF49FBD3FCFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FF97FFECFF57FF49FBD3FCFD" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF57FF49FD83FF0B" blockId="48.[151,586,222,282]" box="[151,586,222,248]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0A0818AFF97FFECFF57FF49FD83FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,586,222,248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FF97FFECFF57FF49FD83FF0B" authority="(Studer, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[151,586,222,248]" class="Echinoidea" genus="Tropholampas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cassiduloida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loveni">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF57FF49FD83FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,586,222,248]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF57FF49FE5FFF0B" bold="true" box="[151,406,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tropholampas loveni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFE65FF49FD8BFF0B" author="Studer" box="[421,578,222,248]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Studer, T. (1880) Ubersicht uber die wahrend der Reise SMS &quot; Gazelle &quot; um die Erde. 1874 - 76 gesammelten Echinoiden. Monatsbericht der Koniglich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1880, 861 - 885." type="journal article" year="1880">Studer, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF57FE96FEE3FEEA" blockId="48.[151,586,222,282]" box="[151,298,257,282]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FF97FFECFF57FE96FF2FFEE9" box="[151,230,257,282]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[375,1244,839,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[340,1247,837,1513]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 54. Tropholampas loveni (male) (SAMC-A 6431). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843435/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
AC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFF97FFECFF57FEDEFCACFE8D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF57FEDEFCACFE8D" blockId="48.[151,1435,329,382]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FF97FFECFF57FEDEFCACFE8D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FF97FFECFF57FEDEFDE5FEAC" authority=": H. L. Clark, 1923" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,556,329,351]" class="Echinoidea" genus="Tropholampas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cassiduloida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loveni">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF57FEDEFEA4FEAC" box="[151,365,329,351]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tropholampas loveni</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFEBAFEDDFDE5FEAC" author="Clark" box="[378,556,329,351]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Clark, H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13 (7), 221 - 435." type="journal article" year="1923">H.L. Clark, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
*: 395397;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FF97FFECFD67FEDDFC5DFEAC" author="Mortensen" box="[679,916,329,351]" page="342" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFD67FEDDFCAAFEAC" author="Mortensen" box="[679,867,329,351]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Mortensen, T., (1948 d) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. IV. 2. Clypeasteroidea. Arachnoididae, Fibulariidae, Laganidae and Scutellidae. Reitzel, Copenhagen, pp. 471." type="journal article" year="1948" yearSuffix="d">Mortensen, 1948d</bibRefCitation>
: 342
</treatmentCitation>
343. Pl. I,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FF97FFECFBC9FEDEFBB4FEAC" box="[1033,1149,329,351]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStart-2="FIGURE 17" captionStart-3="FIGURE 18" captionStart-4="FIGURE 19" captionStart-5="FIGURE 20" captionStart-6="FIGURE 21" captionStartId-0="18.[151,250,1666,1688]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,1270,1292]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,250,1366,1388]" captionStartId-3="21.[151,250,1086,1108]" captionStartId-4="22.[151,250,872,894]" captionStartId-5="22.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionStartId-6="23.[151,250,1697,1719]" captionTargetBox-0="[367,1244,1005,1643]" captionTargetBox-1="[360,1246,703,1247]" captionTargetBox-2="[350,1259,690,1334]" captionTargetBox-3="[369,1244,452,1064]" captionTargetBox-4="[368,1244,196,848]" captionTargetBox-5="[373,1244,1191,1877]" captionTargetBox-6="[366,1244,1030,1673]" captionTargetId-0="figure@18.[340,1247,1004,1645]" captionTargetId-1="figure@19.[340,1247,702,1249]" captionTargetId-2="figure@20.[324,1262,687,1336]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[340,1247,451,1065]" captionTargetId-4="figure@22.[340,1247,195,851]" captionTargetId-5="figure@22.[340,1247,1188,1880]" captionTargetId-6="figure@23.[340,1247,1028,1676]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionTargetPageId-4="22" captionTargetPageId-5="22" captionTargetPageId-6="23" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Plococdaris verticillata (SAMC-A 28236). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Prionocidaris pistillaris. A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of adult preserved specimen (SAMC- A 23724). C. Side view of juvenile preserved specimen (MBC-A 077755)." captionText-2="FIGURE 17. Stylocidaris cingulata. A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen (MBC-A 074000). C. Apical system of preserved specimen (SAMC-A 28217)." captionText-3="FIGURE 18. Araeosoma paucispinum (SAMC- A 222221). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen." captionText-4="FIGURE 19. Hygrosoma petersii (SAMC-A 22219). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen." captionText-5="FIGURE 20. Sperosoma biseriatum A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010). C. Oral view of preserved specimen (Schultz, 2010)." captionText-6="FIGURE 21. Tromikosoma uranus (SAMC-A 22122). A. Map showing distribution. B. view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843357/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843359/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843361/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/843363/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/843365/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/843367/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/843369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 1521</figureCitation>
. Pl. XII,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FF97FFECFB19FEDEFAFAFEAC" box="[1241,1331,329,351]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetBox-1="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FF97FFECFAFEFEDEFA90FEAC" box="[1342,1369,329,351]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[369,1245,1218,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[340,1247,1217,1787]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Stereocidaris capensis (MB-A 077743): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843349/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">11</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FF97FFECFAA3FEDEFE34FE8D" author="Clark" page="245" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFAA3FEDEFE03FE8D" author="Clark" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 245
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FF97FFECFDC8FEFFFD01FE8D" author="Schultz" box="[520,712,360,382]" page="531" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFDC8FEFFFD5FFE8D" author="Schultz" box="[520,662,360,382]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Schultz, H. (2009) Sea-Urchins II, Worldwide Irregular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 849 pp." type="book" year="2009">Schultz, 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 531
</treatmentCitation>
, Figs 894899.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFF97FFECFF57FE3DFBABFDA4" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF57FE3DFD82FE30" blockId="48.[151,1436,426,783]" box="[151,587,426,451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF57FE3DFE49FE30" bold="true" box="[151,384,426,451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</emphasis>
<accessionNumber id="9404AB05FF97FFECFE47FE3DFE2CFE30" box="[391,485,426,451]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A23325" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="EnaNcbi">A23325</accessionNumber>
; A 6431.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF07FE45FBABFDA4" blockId="48.[151,1436,426,783]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF07FE45FEB9FE18" bold="true" box="[199,368,466,491]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Identification.</emphasis>
Test fragile, small, aborally raised. Apical disc with single genial plate (monobasal) in males, four gonopores; in females evolved to a brooding structure. Peristome sub-central, no bourrelets. Ambulacra simple, non-petaloid arrangement, pores small orally, none aboral. Primary tubercles slightly perforated, crenulated. Spines short, uniform, densely covering marsupium. Test and spines white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFF97FFECFF07FDF2FD31FD35" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF07FDF2FCDEFD8D" blockId="48.[151,1436,426,783]" box="[199,791,613,638]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF07FDF2FE1BFD8D" bold="true" box="[199,466,613,638]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
Maximum test length
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FF97FFECFD0FFDF1FCDAFD8D" box="[719,787,614,638]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF07FD1DFD31FD35" blockId="48.[151,1436,426,783]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF07FD1DFE7EFD50" bold="true" box="[199,439,650,675]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Global distribution.</emphasis>
Endemic to West and South coasts of South Africa; at
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FF97FFECFB86FD1DFB01FD51" box="[1094,1224,650,675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.425" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="242.5" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="135.0">135350 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFAE2FD1DFF29FD35" author="Mortensen" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Mortensen, T., (1948 d) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. IV. 2. Clypeasteroidea. Arachnoididae, Fibulariidae, Laganidae and Scutellidae. Reitzel, Copenhagen, pp. 471." type="journal article" year="1948" yearSuffix="d">Mortensen 1948d</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFF2CFD3AFD81FD35" author="Clark" box="[236,584,685,710]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FF97FFECFD94FD3AFD25FD35" author="Schultz" box="[596,748,685,710]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Schultz, H. (2009) Sea-Urchins II, Worldwide Irregular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 849 pp." type="book" year="2009">Schultz 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFF97FFECFF07FD45FBD3FCFD" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FF97FFECFF07FD45FBD3FCFD" blockId="48.[151,1436,426,783]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FF97FFECFF07FD45FEF2FD18" bold="true" box="[199,315,722,747]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
This deep-water species displays sexual dimorphism, where females have evolved a deep and elongated apical disc to brood the young; males having a monobasal apical disc.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>