305 lines
66 KiB
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305 lines
66 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="556AEE3F39563C22B26FD542361082A4">Re-evaluation of the morphology of the monotypic genera Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 and Ganganereis Misra, 1999 (Annelida, Phyllodocida, Nereididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F16B0269E9DAE4392066AC39C6796A7">Conde-Vela, Víctor M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F2B973C6B5ECAB58C7200C2223DDDC47">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4F129316F5FA4BE67CE285F39B32FCFD">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FE87C6FFB0C4487BC5FC71FC6163F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5280475" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154435174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5280475" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87C6FFB0C4487BC5FC71FC6163F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87C6FFB0C4487BC5FC71FC6163F1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB0C44F7BC5FC71FD8A61BD" box="[151,529,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7BC5FC71FD8A61BD" blockId="2.[151,529,966,1026]" box="[151,529,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<heading id="D0A081BCFFB0C44F7BC5FC71FD8A61BD" bold="true" box="[151,529,966,992]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7BC5FC71FD8A61BD" bold="true" box="[151,529,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7BC5FC71FEA761BD" bold="true" box="[151,316,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Lycastonereis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB0C44F7A11FC71FD8A61BD" authority="Rao, 1981" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1981" box="[323,529,966,992]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Lycastopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7A11FC71FE1561BD" bold="true" box="[323,398,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">indica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB0C44F7AC7FC71FD8A61BD" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[405,529,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref7700" refString="Rao, C. A. N. (1981) On two polychaetes (Nereidae: Annelida) from estuarine waters of India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 3 (3), 213 - 217." type="journal article" year="1981">Rao, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB0C44F7BC5FC5EFE87665F" box="[151,284,1001,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7BC5FC5EFE87665F" blockId="2.[151,529,966,1026]" box="[151,284,1001,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7BC5FC5EFE9A665F" box="[151,257,1001,1026]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7A5CFC5DFE87665F" box="[270,284,1002,1026]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB0C44F7BC5FB85FB19661A" box="[151,1154,1073,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7BC5FB85FB19661A" blockId="2.[151,1154,1073,1095]" box="[151,1154,1073,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711FEFFB0C44F7BC5FB85FB19661A" box="[151,1154,1073,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7BC5FB85FEB8661A" box="[151,291,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Lycastonereis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB0C44F7A7AFB86FD9F661A" authority="Rao 1981: 213" authorityName="Rao" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1981" box="[296,516,1073,1095]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Lycastopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7A7AFB86FEFC661A" box="[296,359,1073,1095]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">indica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610C1FFB0C44F7A3CFB85FD9F661A" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[366,516,1073,1095]" page="213" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB0C44F7A3CFB85FE48661A" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[366,467,1073,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref7700" refString="Rao, C. A. N. (1981) On two polychaetes (Nereidae: Annelida) from estuarine waters of India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 3 (3), 213 - 217." type="journal article" year="1981">Rao 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 213
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–215,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7910FB86FD19661A" box="[578,642,1073,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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A–D.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610C1FFB0C44F7997FB86FCF7661A" author="Misra, A." box="[709,876,1073,1095]" page="159" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" year="1999">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB0C44F7997FB86FCA7661A" author="Misra, A." box="[709,828,1073,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 159
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</treatmentCitation>
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–160, Figs. 11A–F, 12A–E.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB0C44F7BC5FBC3FD1166F2" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7BC5FBC3FD1166F2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7BC5FBC3FD1666D0" bold="true" box="[151,653,1140,1165]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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Material examined. Bay of Bengal,
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<materialsCitation id="3B3F3C8DFFB0C44F7914FBC3FD1666D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824410" box="[582,653,1140,1165]" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Vasishta Godavari Estuary & India & Coll. D. Srinivasa Rao." country="India" location="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" specimenCode="USNM 62013" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
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<collectingCountry id="F3407640FFB0C44F7914FBC3FD1366D0" box="[582,648,1140,1165]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DBF19EABFFB0C44F79C7FBC3FCAE66D0" box="[661,821,1140,1165]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="Museum">USNM 62013</specimenCode>
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(3),
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<collectorName id="26A25306FFB0C44F783DFBC3FB0566D0" box="[879,1182,1140,1165]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Vasishta Godavari Estuary</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4993F832FFB0C44F7FF8FBC3FAF866D0" box="[1194,1379,1140,1165]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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, east coast,
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<collectorName id="26A25306FFB0C44F7B8CFB20FE8166ED" box="[222,282,1175,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">India</collectorName>
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, no date,
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<collectorName id="26A25306FFB0C44F7AD4FB20FD1166F2" box="[390,650,1175,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Coll. D. Srinivasa Rao.</collectorName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB0C44E7B95FB0BFE5A649E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7B95FB0BFD986445" blockId="2.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
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<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB0C44F7B95FB0BFEC26688" bold="true" box="[199,345,1212,1237]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Description.</emphasis>
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Three specimens, all incomplete, in good condition, two used for description. Largest specimen (
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<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7BCDFB68FF7066A5" box="[159,235,1247,1272]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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B–C; 2A, D–J)
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<quantity id="4CAF9B35FFB0C44F7AFAFB57FE6166AA" box="[424,506,1248,1272]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4CAF9B35FFB0C44F7914FB57FD1166AA" box="[582,650,1248,1272]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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wide at chaetiger 10, 76 chaetigers, pharynx everted and complete; second specimen (
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||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7A34FAB3FE506741" box="[358,459,1284,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7A85FAB3FE7E6741" box="[471,485,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2</figureCitation>
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B–C)
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<quantity id="4CAF9B35FFB0C44F797BFAB3FDE26741" box="[553,633,1284,1308]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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long, 1.8 mm wide at chaetiger 10, 55 chaetigers, pharynx everted and complete but in bad conditions, tissue previously dissected. Pigmentation present in all specimens, consisting in brown irregular spots along body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7971FAFBFDE46739" box="[547,639,1356,1381]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
); prostomium with two longitudinal, central lines, extending from the anterior margin to middle of prostomium, some additional rounded spots at the base of the cirrophores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7E60FAD8FA0C67D5" box="[1330,1431,1391,1416]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7BC5FA23FF2167F1" box="[151,186,1428,1452]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); one row of irregular spots in the anterior dorsal margin of the achaetous ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7F67FA23FB0367F1" box="[1077,1176,1428,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7FF6FA23FB5C67F1" box="[1188,1223,1428,1452]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); in chaetigers 1 to about 30, one central and two lateral rectangular spots in the dorsum of each chaetiger, becoming darker toward middle chaetigers and fading in posterior ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F79E3FA6BFC9067A9" box="[689,779,1500,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some additional dark brown lines present in anterior and middle chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7ACEFA48FE6D6445" box="[412,502,1535,1560]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7B95F993FB7B64F5" blockId="2.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
|
||
Prostomium as long as wide, anterior margin entire (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F781AF993FC3D6461" box="[840,934,1572,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); antennae cirriform, one-third as long as prostomial length, not surpassing the palps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F79FEF9F0FC8D643D" box="[684,790,1607,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F787AF9FFFCD4643D" box="[808,847,1608,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
); eyes minute, black, in trapezoidal arrangement, posterior pair twice as large as than anterior pair (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F79ECF9DBFCBB64D9" box="[702,800,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F787FF9DBFCCB64D9" box="[813,848,1644,1668]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Achaetous ring twice as long as than first chaetiger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7BCDF938FE9864F5" box="[159,259,1679,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7A5CF927FEA964F5" box="[270,306,1680,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); three pairs of anterior cirri, posterodorsal pair reaching chaetiger 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7F6DF938FB3864F5" box="[1087,1187,1679,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7FFDF927FB4864F5" box="[1199,1235,1680,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7B95F903FE5B6565" blockId="2.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
|
||
Pharynx everted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7ADFF903FE406491" box="[397,475,1716,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B–D); jaws dark brown, cutting edge with several minute, blunt teeth. Maxillary ring: I= 1 rounded papilla; II= 2-3 rounded papillae; III= 3 papillae in row; IV= 1-1 papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7F3BF960FB2D64AD" box="[1129,1206,1751,1776]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D). Oral ring: V= 0; VI= 3-4 rounded papillae; VII-VIII= one ridge row with a series of five rounded papillae, ridge regions with one papilla each (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7A7FF8A8FEE16565" box="[301,378,1823,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB0C44F7B95F8F3FBFE65B0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">
|
||
First two chaetigers with neuroaciculae only, remaining ones with both noto- and neuroaciculae; neuropodial ventral ligules absent throughout body. In first two chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB0C44F7830F8D0FC2565DD" box="[866,958,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="452">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal cirri subconical, as long as dorsal ligules. Dorsal ligules digitiform to subconical, as long as postchaetal lobes. Neuroacicular ligules bilobed, superior lobe digitiform, inferior lobe rounded and twice as wide as superior one; postchaetal lobes rounded, shorter than neuroacicular ligules. Ventral cirri digitiform, as long as postchaetal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95FF2FFBAE6338" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
In anterior chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E7A8EFF20FDEB62F2" box="[476,624,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Figs. 1B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E79D6FF2FFD3162ED" box="[644,682,152,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">2H</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal cirri subconical, as long as notopodial dorsal ligules. Notopodial dorsal ligules subconical to digitiform, as long as notopodial ventral ligules; prechaetal lobes small, subconical; notopodial ventral ligules digitiform, half as long as neuroacicular ligules in anteriormost chaetigers, becoming as long as neuroacicular ligules toward mid body. Neuroacicular ligules bilobed, diminishing in size toward mid body, superior lobe digitiform, inferior lobe rounded; postchaetal lobes rounded, shorter than neuroacicular ligules. Ventral cirri digitiform, half as long as neuroacicular ligules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95FEC7FD2B6045" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
In middle chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E7AEDFED8FD9563D5" box="[447,526,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FFE91010FFB1C44E7AA7FEC7FD9563D5" box="[501,526,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">2I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal cirri subconical, as long as notopodial dorsal ligules. Notopodial dorsal ligules digitiform, as long as notopodial ventral ligules; prechaetal lobes small, subconical; notopodial ventral ligules digitiform, as long as neuroacicular ligules. Neuroacicular ligules unilobated, reduced, superior lobe rounded, inferior lobe inconspicuous; postchaetal lobe rounded, as long as neuroacicular ligules. Ventral cirri digitiform, half as long as neuroacicular ligules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95FD92FCE460D8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
In posterior chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E7AB7FD93FDD66061" box="[485,589,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Figs. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E7932FD93FDE06061" box="[608,635,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">2J</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal cirri subconical, half as long as notopodial ventral ligule. Notopodial ventral ligules subconical, slightly shorter than neuroacicular ligules. Neuroacicular ligules subconical. Ventral cirri subconical, one-third as long as neuroacicular ligules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF286658FFB1C44E7BC5FB6FFB6467DA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" startId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" targetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7BC5FB6FFB6467DA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1239,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7BC5FB6FFCB366B3" bold="true" box="[151,808,1239,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
FIGURE 1. Morphology of
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7A98FB60FDC266B0" bold="true" box="[458,601,1239,1261]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Lycastonereis</emphasis>
|
||
Rao, 1981 species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Non-type specimens
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7F5EFB6FFBA666B3" bold="true" box="[1036,1085,1240,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">A–D</emphasis>
|
||
(USNM 62013).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7FAAFB6FFA9166B3" bold="true" box="[1272,1290,1240,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">A</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior end, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7A4BFB41FEB16751" bold="true" box="[281,298,1270,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">B</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 10, right parapodium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E792DFB41FD0A6751" bold="true" box="[639,657,1270,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">C</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 41, right parapodium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E78B5FB41FC626751" bold="true" box="[999,1017,1270,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">D</emphasis>
|
||
, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95FA19FB7867B7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Notochaetae homogomph spinigers. Neurochaetae homogomph spinigers and falcigers in supra-acicular fascicles, homogomph and sesquigomph spinigers and homogomph falcigers in sub-acicular ones.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95FA41FD5664C2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
Notopodial and neuropodial supra-acicular homogomph spinigers pectinate, teeth minute, decreasing in size distally. Neuropodial sub-acicular sesquigomph spinigers pectinate, teeth minute, decreasing in size distally. Neuropodial sub-acicular homogomph spinigers pectinate, long and narrow teeth, basal teeth 3–4 times longer than blade width, slightly decreasing in size distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E79E1F9D5FC926426" box="[691,777,1634,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Supra- and sub-acicular homogomph falcigers with inner margin edentate, blade medially broader (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB1C44E793BF931FD5A64C2" box="[617,705,1670,1695]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C44E7B95F91DFE5A649E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2019]" box="[199,449,1706,1731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Posterior end missing.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D655BFFB1C4487B95F979FC6163F1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB1C4497B95F979FD1E631D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2019]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="454" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7B95F979FEA064BA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1742,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The parapodial and chaetal features of the current specimens agree with the redescription of
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB1C44E7BC5F943FEE66556" box="[151,381,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="453">
|
||
Lycastonereis
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB1C44E7A65F945FEE66556" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1981" box="[311,381,1778,1803]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Lycastopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">indica</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB1C44E7AF4F945FDA16556" author="Misra, A." box="[422,570,1778,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, therefore they are regarded as conspecifics. The main difference between the current specimens and both the original description and redescription is the presence of papillae in both maxillary and oral ring.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB1C44E7A6EF88CFE61650E" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[316,506,1850,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref7700" refString="Rao, C. A. N. (1981) On two polychaetes (Nereidae: Annelida) from estuarine waters of India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 3 (3), 213 - 217." type="journal article" year="1981">Rao (1981: 215)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the first segment (i.e. the anterior ring) as apodous, and all parapodia biramous thereafter, implying that the parapodia from the first and second chaetigers are as the remaining ones, whereas usually these first two chaetigers lack some notopodial processes and the notoaciculae; unfortunately, these parapodia were not depicted.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB1C44E7960F811FD5365E2" author="Misra, A." box="[562,712,1958,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the first two chaetigers as ‘uniramous’, i.e., lacking notoaciculae, which is confirmed here. Also,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB1C44E79F3F87CFCB965BE" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[673,802,1995,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="453" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref7700" refString="Rao, C. A. N. (1981) On two polychaetes (Nereidae: Annelida) from estuarine waters of India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 3 (3), 213 - 217." type="journal article" year="1981">Rao (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned the presence of heterogomph falcigers with ‘oar-shaped’ blades in the neuropodia, but his figure 1D shows a homogomph articulation, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB6C4497E5AFF20FA0762ED" author="Misra, A." box="[1288,1436,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described homogomph falcigers in both supra- and sub-acicular fascicles, and here Misra’s observation is confirmed. The examined specimens lack posterior ends, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB6C449781AFF68FC4062A5" author="Misra, A." box="[840,987,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the pygidium as narrow, with two short anal cirri; the original specimens also lack posterior ends (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB6C4497896FEB3FBA26341" author="Rao, C. A. N." box="[964,1081,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" pagination="213 - 217" refId="ref7700" refString="Rao, C. A. N. (1981) On two polychaetes (Nereidae: Annelida) from estuarine waters of India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India, 3 (3), 213 - 217." type="journal article" year="1981">Rao 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB6C4497FD4FEB3FA866341" author="Misra, A." box="[1158,1309,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that posterior ends usually are lost in specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF286658FFB6C4497BC5F8A4FD9B659F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" startId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" targetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB6C4497BC5F8A4FD9B659F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1810,1986]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497BC5F8A4FDEF6574" bold="true" box="[151,628,1810,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">
|
||
FIGURE 2.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497A73F8A5FE2B6575" bold="true" box="[289,432,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">Lycastonereis</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB6C4497AE8F8A5FDEF6574" authority="Rao, 1981" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1981" box="[442,628,1810,1833]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Lycastopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="454" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497AE8F8A5FE606575" bold="true" box="[442,507,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">indica</emphasis>
|
||
Rao, 1981
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Non-type specimens
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497833F8A4FC166574" bold="true" box="[865,909,1811,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">A–J</emphasis>
|
||
(USNM 62013).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497F19F8A4FBC66574" bold="true" box="[1099,1117,1811,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">A</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior end, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497ED6F8A4FA0E6574" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1811,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">B</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior end, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497AF5F886FE22651A" bold="true" box="[423,441,1841,1863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">C</emphasis>
|
||
, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497E7EF886FAA5651A" bold="true" box="[1324,1342,1841,1863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">D</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497865F8E7FCD3653B" bold="true" box="[823,840,1872,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">E</emphasis>
|
||
, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497E06F8E7FAFA653B" bold="true" box="[1364,1377,1872,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">F</emphasis>
|
||
, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497930F8D8FDE865D8" bold="true" box="[610,627,1903,1925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">G</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 1, right parapodium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497892F8D8FC4F65D8" bold="true" box="[960,980,1903,1925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">H</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped).
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C4497AF9F83AFE2E65FE" bold="true" box="[427,437,1933,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">I</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 18, right parapodium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB6C449785BF83AFC8E65FE" bold="true" box="[777,789,1933,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="454">J</emphasis>
|
||
, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836D0FFB7C4487B95FF20FC6163F1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">
|
||
Another difference is that it is the neuroacicular ligules which are distally bilobed, not the postchaetal lobes as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B21FFB7C4487BC5FF0BFEB66289" author="Misra, A." box="[151,301,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="455" pagination="125 - 225" refId="ref7395" refString="Misra, A. (1999) Polychaete. In: A. K. Ghosh (Ed.), State Fauna Series: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 10. Calcutta, pp. 125 - 225." type="book chapter" year="1999">Misra (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated. Likely, the author overlooked the bundles of chaetae surrounding the inferior and superior lobes, which are clearly seen when parapodia are observed directly in the specimens, but not in mounted parapodia. In order to clarify this feature, a figure showing a distal view of an anterior parapodium is included (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB7C4487E50FEB3FAC06341" box="[1282,1371,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The neuropodial sub-acicular homogomph spinigers with long teeth were not depicted in the original description or redescription. The length of the teeth is unusual among nereidids; for example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB7C4487F60FEFAFB536339" authorityName="Wesenberg-Lund" authorityYear="1958" box="[1074,1224,333,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Stenoninereis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="455" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB7C4487F60FEFAFB536339" box="[1074,1224,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">Stenoninereis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have subacicular heterogomph spinigers with long basal teeth that diminishes their size distally (de León-González & Solís- Weiss 1997,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB7C4487A74FE23FE1363F1" box="[294,392,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,703,1211]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,697,1218]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of Lycastonereis Rao, 1981 species. Non-type specimens A–D (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. C, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. D, diagrammatic view of chaetiger 3, right parapodium, distal view. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B–D, 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AdC, anterodorsal cirrus; An, antennae; AvC, anteroventral cirrus; Dc, dorsal cirrus; InL, inferior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); NaL, neuroacicular ligule; NoD, notopodial dorsal ligule; NoV, notopodial ventral ligule; PdC, posterodorsal cirrus; PoL, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; Pp, palpophores; Pr, prostomium; PreL, prechaetal lobe; Ps, palpostyle; SpL, superior lobe (neuroacicular ligule); Vc, ventral cirrus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599027/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">Figs. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A55FFB7C4487AC7FE23FE2D63F1" box="[405,438,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,413,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lycastonereis indica Rao, 1981. Non-type specimens A–J (USNM 62013). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, pharynx, dorsal view (An: antennae; Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). D, anterior end, lateral view (Roman numerals represent pharyngeal areas). E, sub-acicular sesquigomph falciger, chaetiger 41. F, subacicular homogomph spiniger, chaetiger 41. G, chaetiger 1, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (neuropodial ventral ligule overlapped). I, chaetiger 18, right parapodium. J, chaetiger 41, right parapodium. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 10 µm; G–J, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599029/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
), but those teeth are much coarser than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D53FFB7C44878DDFE22FC6863F0" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1981" box="[911,1011,404,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Lycastopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="455" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAC2FFB7C44878DDFE22FC6863F0" box="[911,1011,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="455">L. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |