143 lines
20 KiB
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143 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="831780F36191E65844500F7A5DCB56F7" ID-CLB-Dataset="106789" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b76236d0-0336-4d17-804a-80f0344b097e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6911151" ID-ZooBank="3CB49021-90C5-46F0-AAAF-619EE8068F42" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1658900973851" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grall, Elena & Jäger, Peter" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87925837FFC3FF56F99E82F64181" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5169.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5169 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Menarik Grall & Jäger 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFC4FFEA5832FFC5FFC1FFA480644008" masterDocTitle="Four new genera of Heteropodinae Thorell, 1873 from Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Sparassidae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1699362128362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3D5FA5880147069E255ABD9BA6F83139">
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<mods:title id="B8C859196C971100D5F04B3706736074">Four new genera of Heteropodinae Thorell, 1873 from Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Sparassidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="90DBB46CE6387B0A59EC1DCDC0B8B0AC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="59505C839B17E5CCB860C917D655F545">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C6FBE0EDFDDBA95809820D1BF04497DE">Grall, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4F9A151AABEAD8AC64DAF9D84BBEC981" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8938-4105</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C85D20E48BB5BB09AA5067B83AEA6357">Arachnology, Senckenberg Research Institute, Mertonstrasse 17 - 21, 60325 Frankfurt. & Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Campus Riedberg, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; elena. grall @ senckenberg. de, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8938 - 4105</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="090EC24DCB77754F7C9869C0997B6821">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9EF62445D7D563052C90415D22596799">Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4C4A1B0A65FB87AEEB8F8A67CEA7629" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1563-0147</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="FDA9628BB4E35B86947C27CF9DD9DA36">Arachnology, Senckenberg Research Institute, Mertonstrasse 17 - 21, 60325 Frankfurt. & peter. jaeger @ senckenberg. de, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1563 - 0147</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9FCADAB31C7EF346B0C8F2EB550984C9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9074093558C6A69476942A8122818C98">
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<mods:date id="75EF0B46DE4BE7E618F00B591A780D28">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="295EC14045712E852A134BAB435F2697">2022-07-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="72D1F7C2A5B4746B6C726991676BD00B">5169</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A12512B870EB8EA65A452BE5AA760B5B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FD87925837FFC3FF56F99E82F64181" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911165" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197859756" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6911165" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87925837FFC3FF56F99E82F64181" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87925837FFC3FF56F99E82F64181" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5837FFC0FF56F99E8111465D" box="[151,373,1594,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36845837FFC0FF56F99E8111465D" blockId="5.[151,402,1594,1657]" box="[151,373,1594,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0A381E85837FFC0FF56F99E8111465D" bold="true" box="[151,373,1594,1621]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF56F99E8111465D" bold="true" box="[151,373,1594,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D075837FFC0FF56F99E809B465D" authority="Grall & Jäger, 2022" authorityName="Grall & Jäger" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,255,1594,1621]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Menarik" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF56F99E809B465D" bold="true" box="[151,255,1594,1621]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Menarik</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357ED5837FFC0FEC6F99F8111465D" box="[263,373,1595,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5837FFC0FF56F9FB81F64671" box="[151,402,1631,1657]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36845837FFC0FF56F9FB81F64671" blockId="5.[151,402,1594,1657]" box="[151,402,1631,1657]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A015837FFC0FF56F9FB81734671" box="[151,279,1631,1657]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 17–22" captionStart-1="FIGURES 23–27" captionStart-2="FIGURES 28–39" captionStart-3="FIGURES 40–46" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1857,1881]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,264,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,453,1834]" captionTargetBox-1="[222,1366,190,1859]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1436,345,1921]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1413,356,1562]" captionTargetId-0="figure-168@7.[151,1436,453,1834]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@8.[222,1366,181,1859]" captionTargetId-2="figure-91@9.[151,1436,345,1921]" captionTargetId-3="figure-90@10.[151,1436,345,1562]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionText-0="FIGURES 17–22. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov., males from Sarawak (17–20 holotype; 21–22 male, SD 1370). 17–19 Left palp (17 prolateral, 18 ventral, 19 retrolateral); 20–22 Palpal tibia (20, 22 dorsal, 21 retrolateral). aRTA—apical part of RTA, bRTA—basal part of RTA, dB—dorsal branch of RTA, ddA—disto-dorsal apophysis, E—embolus, S—spermophor, ST—subtegulum, TA—tegular apophysis." captionText-1="FIGURES 23–27. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov. female paratypes (23–26) and male paratype (27) from Sarawak. 23–24 Epigyne, ventral; 25 Vulva, dorsal; 26 Schematic course of internal duct system, ventral; 27 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus of right leg II, dorsal.At—atrium, EF—epigynal field, FB—“fusion bubbles”, FD—fertilization duct, FW—first winding of internal duct system, GA—glandular appendages, MA—muscle attachment point, Sc—scar, SP—spermatheca." captionText-2="FIGURES 28–39. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov. female paratypes (28–37) and egg-sac (38–39) from Sarawak. 28–36 Epigyne, ventral (28–35 not dissected, 36 dissected); 37 Vulva, dorsal; 38–39 two views of the same egg-sac. Arrows indicating scars at the anterior epigyne. Note the different shapes of the epigynal atrium." captionText-3="FIGURES 40–46. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov. holotype male (40, 42, 45) and female paratype (41, 43–44, 46) from Sarawak. 40–41 Eyes, dorsal; 42–44 Claws (42, 44 right leg I, retrolateral claw, retrolateral; 43 left palp, prolateral); 45–46 Left chelicera, ventral." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911167" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911169" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911173" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911177" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6911167/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6911169/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6911173/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6911177/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 17–46</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A015837FFC0FEE3F9FB810F4671" box="[290,363,1631,1657]" captionStart="FIGURES 82–97" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,182,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[151,1436,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 82–97. Heteropodinae gen. & spp. nov., habitus (dorsal and ventral, respectively). 82–85 Borniella parva gen. & spec. nov.; 86–89 Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov.; 90–93 Micropoda davisae gen. & spec. nov.; 94–97 Tiomaniella ladam gen. & spec. nov. (82–83, 86–87, 90–91, 94–95 holotype male, 84–85, 88–89, 92–93, 96–97 female paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6911203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">86–89</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A015837FFC0FEB7F9FB81F64671" box="[374,402,1631,1657]" captionStart="FIGURE 98" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,956,1413]" captionTargetId="figure-372@20.[151,1436,956,1413]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 98. Distribution of the new genera and species in Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6911205/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">98</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5837FFC0FF56F907824746B3" box="[151,547,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="type_taxon">
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||
<paragraph id="8BEB36845837FFC0FF56F907824746B3" blockId="5.[151,547,1699,1723]" box="[151,547,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF56F907814746B3" bold="true" box="[151,291,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<typeStatus id="54EF88265837FFC0FF56F90780A846B3" box="[151,204,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D075837FFC0FEEBF90781D246B3" authority="Grall & Jäger, 2022" authorityName="Grall & Jäger" authorityYear="2022" box="[298,438,1699,1723]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Menarik" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kecil" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FEEBF90781D246B3" box="[298,438,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Menarik kecil</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FE7DF907824746B3" bold="true" box="[444,547,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357ED5837FFC0FE7DF907824746B3" box="[444,547,1699,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5837FFC0FF56F94E83FF4743" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36845837FFC0FF56F94E83FF4743" blockId="5.[151,1437,1769,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF56F94E8156470B" bold="true" box="[151,306,1769,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology. “</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D075837FFC0FEF3F94D81F0470B" authorityName="Grall & Jäger" authorityYear="2022" box="[306,404,1769,1795]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Menarik" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Menarik</taxonomicName>
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” is the Malayan word for “attractive, fascinating, interesting” and refers to the specific tegular apophysis and retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male, the unique epigynal atrium of the female as well as to the enigmatic scars around the female epigyne. The gender is masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5837FFC3FF06F8F184384115" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36845837FFC3FF06F8F184384115" blockId="5.[151,1437,1769,2012]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,393]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF06F8F181264767" bold="true" box="[199,322,1877,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Males may be recognised by the following combination of characters (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A015837FFC0FBA3F8F184834778" box="[1122,1255,1877,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-168@7.[151,1436,453,1834]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov., males from Sarawak (17–20 holotype; 21–22 male, SD 1370). 17–19 Left palp (17 prolateral, 18 ventral, 19 retrolateral); 20–22 Palpal tibia (20, 22 dorsal, 21 retrolateral). aRTA—apical part of RTA, bRTA—basal part of RTA, dB—dorsal branch of RTA, ddA—disto-dorsal apophysis, E—embolus, S—spermophor, ST—subtegulum, TA—tegular apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6911167/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 17–22</figureCitation>
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): 1. Massive TA extending distinctly beyond prolateral cymbial margin, 2. Massive RTA, proximally arising from palpal tibia and bulging distinctly retrolaterally and 3. Complete loss of conductor. Females are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D075837FFC0FAC0F839850F47BF" authorityName="Jager" authorityYear="1999" box="[1281,1387,1949,1975]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FAC0F839850F47BF" box="[1281,1387,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sinopoda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D075837FFC0FF56F865816547D3" authority="Grall & Jäger, 2022" authorityName="Grall & Jäger" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,257,1985,2011]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Borniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FF56F865816547D3" box="[151,257,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Borniella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B920EA965837FFC0FEC9F866811447D4" bold="true" box="[264,368,1986,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357ED5837FFC0FEC9F866811447D4" box="[264,368,1986,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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in having a fused internal duct system divided into an anterior and a posterior part with glandular appendages situated anteriorly but can be easily distinguished from both latter genera by the anteriorly situated atrium, the absence of epigynal pockets and lobal septum, and the semicircular first windings of the internal duct system (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A015834FFC3FF34FF7B811D40F1" box="[245,377,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 23–27" captionStart-1="FIGURES 28–39" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1883,1907]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox-0="[222,1366,190,1859]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1436,345,1921]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@8.[222,1366,181,1859]" captionTargetId-1="figure-91@9.[151,1436,345,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 23–27. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov. female paratypes (23–26) and male paratype (27) from Sarawak. 23–24 Epigyne, ventral; 25 Vulva, dorsal; 26 Schematic course of internal duct system, ventral; 27 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus of right leg II, dorsal.At—atrium, EF—epigynal field, FB—“fusion bubbles”, FD—fertilization duct, FW—first winding of internal duct system, GA—glandular appendages, MA—muscle attachment point, Sc—scar, SP—spermatheca." captionText-1="FIGURES 28–39. Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov. female paratypes (28–37) and egg-sac (38–39) from Sarawak. 28–36 Epigyne, ventral (28–35 not dissected, 36 dissected); 37 Vulva, dorsal; 38–39 two views of the same egg-sac. Arrows indicating scars at the anterior epigyne. Note the different shapes of the epigynal atrium." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911169" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911173" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6911169/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6911173/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 23–37</figureCitation>
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; both other genera without atrium, epigynal pockets and lobal septum present and copulatory openings separated, i.e. not situated together in an atrium, and first winding different).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650F5834FFC3FF06FE8282A54149" box="[199,705,294,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36845834FFC3FF06FE8282A54149" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,393]" box="[199,705,294,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA965834FFC3FF06FE82813D4148" bold="true" box="[199,345,294,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
See description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EF88265834FFC3FDF0FE8382054149" box="[561,609,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E650F5834FFC3FF06FEEE82F64181" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36845834FFC3FF06FEEE8396416D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,393]" box="[199,1010,330,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA965834FFC3FF06FEEE8105416C" bold="true" box="[199,353,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Borneo (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34376145834FFC3FE08FEEF8252416D" box="[457,566,331,357]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
: West
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F8665834FFC3FDBCFEEF82BB416D" box="[637,735,331,357]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A015834FFC3FD37FEEF832F416D" box="[758,843,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 98" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,956,1413]" captionTargetId="figure-372@20.[151,1436,956,1413]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 98. Distribution of the new genera and species in Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6911205/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
|
||
: blue squares).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36845834FFC3FF06FECA82F64181" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,393]" box="[199,658,366,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA965834FFC3FF06FECA81F74180" bold="true" box="[199,403,366,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Species included.</emphasis>
|
||
Only the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EF88265834FFC3FDC3FECB82564181" box="[514,562,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |