treatments-xml/data/03/FD/87/03FD878BFFE3FFC2FCBEFE13599C3A66.xml
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<document id="CB369D24002F42F2C5103A9FFD8367A7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5367.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10145106" ID-ZooBank="5A1E5321-D2BA-4B92-BA23-A7C1CDBA5723" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1700167363318" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perkins, Philip D." docDate="2023" docId="03FD878BFFE3FFC2FCBEFE13599C3A66" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5367.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5367 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5367.1.1/52225" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hydraena (Holcohydraena) chandleri Perkins 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFC4FFF3FFD0FFF1FC29FFA5596F3C37" masterDocTitle="New Neotropical and Nearctic species of water beetles in the genera Hydraena Kugelann and Ochthebius Leach, a key to North American genera and subgenera of the family, new distribution records, and a synopsis of ecology, behavior and morphology related to aquatic life (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1700168056660" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="91202B17FD2AC48C8E01E141EEE5342F">New Neotropical and Nearctic species of water beetles in the genera Hydraena Kugelann and Ochthebius Leach, a key to North American genera and subgenera of the family, new distribution records, and a synopsis of ecology, behavior and morphology related to aquatic life (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="272CFD76D6EF35A34955520A9A14601B">Perkins, Philip D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9F251077721FC713C46E105EA128666E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4AB492BD2842CC91DA59E10F62ACAA19">2023-11-07</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0EB19497FDF4DBE1CA13D42439002C39" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5367.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCBEFE135A6F3DE7" box="[151,768,438,465]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCBEFE135A6F3DE7" blockId="51.[151,778,438,501]" box="[151,768,438,465]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D0A381F1FFE3FFC2FCBEFE135A6F3DE7" bold="true" box="[151,768,438,465]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCBEFE135A6F3DE7" bold="true" box="[151,768,438,465]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C544D1EFFE3FFC2FCBEFE135B0E3DE6" authority="Perkins, 2023" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,609,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Holcohydraena">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCBEFE135B0E3DE6" bold="true" box="[151,609,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Hydraena (Holcohydraena) chandleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357F4FFE3FFC2FE59FE125A6F3DE7" box="[624,768,438,465]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCBEFE7E5A653DC2" box="[151,778,475,501]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCBEFE7E5A653DC2" blockId="51.[151,778,438,501]" box="[151,778,475,501]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<figureCitation id="136F2A18FFE3FFC2FCBEFE7E598C3DC2" box="[151,227,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-35@6.[228,1360,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Hydraena species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145110/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
(habitus comparison), 30 (habitus and aedeagus)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCBEFD865C673E9E" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCBEFD865C673E9E" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCBEFD8658263E0B" bold="true" box="[151,329,546,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Type Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CC0FFE3FFC2FD78FD865B843E56" collectingDate="1983-05-24" collectionCode="MCZ" country="United States of America" county="Taylor Co." location="Taylor Co." pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FD78FD865B733E0B" bold="true" box="[337,540,546,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="54EF883FFFE3FFC2FD78FD8658D13E0A" box="[337,446,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male):
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F343760DFFE3FFC2FE0DFD865B1A3E0A" box="[548,629,547,573]" name="United States of America" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FEA8FD865BB93E0A" box="[641,726,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Florida</collectingRegion>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F343760DFFE3FFC2FEC4FD865A443E0A" box="[749,811,547,573]" name="United States of America" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">USA</collectingCountry>
: FL:
<collectingCounty id="628A4E11FFE3FFC2FF4EFD865A8D3E0A" box="[871,994,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Taylor Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A592FBFFFE3FFC2FFC6FD865C6F3E0A" box="[1007,1280,547,573]" location="Steinhatchee" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<quantity id="4CAC9B78FFE3FFC2FFC6FD865D5F3E0A" box="[1007,1072,547,573]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi</quantity>
NW Steinhatchee
</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="FFEA105DFFE3FFC2F925FD865CEB3E0A" box="[1292,1412,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1983-05-24">
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9B5FFE3FFC2F925FD865CEB3E0A" box="[1292,1412,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1983-05-24">V-24-1983</collectingDate>
</date>
// DSChandler sift leaf litter in wet depressions” (
<collectionCode id="ED45AE58FFE3FFC2FE89FDE25B8C3E56" box="[672,739,583,609]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CC0FFE3FFC2FEDDFDE25ACA3EB2" collectingDate="1983-05-24" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="Chandler &amp; Reeves, UV" country="United States of America" county="Taylor Co." location="Taylor Co." pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FEDDFDE25A953E57" bold="true" box="[756,1018,582,609]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="54EF883FFFE3FFC2FEDDFDE25A033E56" box="[756,876,583,609]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(4):
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FF88FDE35A953E57" box="[929,1018,582,608]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Florida</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingCounty id="628A4E11FFE3FFC2F82FFDE25D113E56" box="[1030,1150,583,609]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Taylor Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A592FBFFFE3FFC2F8A1FDE25CF73E56" box="[1160,1432,583,609]" location="Steinhatchee" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<quantity id="4CAC9B78FFE3FFC2F8A1FDE25DA23E56" box="[1160,1229,583,609]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi.</quantity>
NW Steinhatchee
</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="FFEA105DFFE3FFC2FCBEFDCE58673EB2" box="[151,264,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1983-05-24">
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9B5FFE3FFC2FCBEFDCE58673EB2" box="[151,264,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1983-05-24">24.v.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2FD68FDCE58C73EB2" box="[321,424,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Chandler</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2FDE1FDCE5B223EB2" box="[456,589,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Reeves, UV</collectorName>
light (
<specimenCount id="9D52FD14FFE3FFC2FEBDFDCE5B823EB2" box="[660,749,619,645]" count="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D52FD14FFE3FFC2FEDFFDCE5A393EB2" box="[758,854,619,645]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="ED45AE58FFE3FFC2FF75FDCE5AF13EB2" box="[860,926,619,645]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CC0FFE3FFC2FF87FDCE5C6B3E9E" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="E. Hemphill &amp; Anderson &amp; Morris" country="United States of America" county="Sabine Co." location="Sabine Co." pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FF87FDCE5A9E3EB2" bold="true" box="[942,1009,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FF87FDCE5A9E3EB2" box="[942,1009,619,645]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Texas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingCounty id="628A4E11FFE3FFC2FFD7FDCE5D153EB2" box="[1022,1146,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sabine Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<quantity id="4CAC9B78FFE3FFC2F8ADFDCE5DD93EB2" box="[1156,1206,619,645]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4484096" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mi" value="9.0">9 mi</quantity>
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2F892FDCE5C2A3EB2" box="[1211,1349,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">E. Hemphill</collectorName>
, “beech bottom” III-28IV-2 89,
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2FD82FD2A5B773E9E" box="[427,536,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Anderson</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2FE15FD2A5BE43E9E" box="[572,651,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Morris</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="52154E8AFFE3FFC2FEBFFD2A5A1E3E9E" box="[662,881,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">flight intercept trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2FF53FD2A5A883E9E" box="[890,999,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Anderson</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A1534BFFE3FFC2F822FD2A5D383E9E" box="[1035,1111,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Morris</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D52FD14FFE3FFC2F840FD2A5DDC3E9E" box="[1129,1203,655,681]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="ED45AE58FFE3FFC2F893FD2A5D933E9E" box="[1210,1276,655,681]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCEEFD17583E3F6A" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFD17583E3F6A" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCEEFD1758BE3EFB" bold="true" box="[199,465,690,716]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Differential Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This new species is a member of the speciose
<taxonomicName id="4C544D1EFFE3FFC2FFF9FD165D3A3EFA" box="[976,1109,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circulata">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FFF9FD165D3A3EFA" box="[976,1109,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H. circulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group, having the diagnostic characters of a well-developed posterior ridge of the genae, and the intercoxal segment of the abdomen concave (see figures 21H and 21D in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B6CFFE3FFC2FDFFFD5E5BF93F22" author="Perkins, P. D." box="[470,662,763,789]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="3 - 554" refId="ref49723" refString="Perkins, P. D. (1980) Aquatic beetles of the family Hydraenidae in the Western Hemisphere: classification, biogeography and inferred phylogeny (Insecta: Coleoptera). Quaestiones Entomologicae, 16, 3 - 554. [Available free from the Biodiversity Heritage Library website]" type="journal article" year="1980">Perkins 1980: 73</bibRefCitation>
). Many members of this group require dissection of males for reliable determinations, which is also the case for this species (
<figureCitation id="136F2A18FFE3FFC2FF2AFCBA5A373F0E" box="[771,856,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[347,1239,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-35@52.[347,1239,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydraena (Holcohydraena) chandleri, new species, holotype habitus and aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145166/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). It is one of the rare southeastern species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C544D1EFFE3FFC2F9A8FCBA59943F6A" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Hydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circulata">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2F9A8FCBA59943F6A" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H. circulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCEEFCC358B939F6" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFCC35A553802" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCEEFCC3583E3FB7" bold="true" box="[199,337,870,896]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Description</emphasis>
. Size:
<typeStatus id="54EF883FFFE3FFC2FD8DFCC25B693FB6" box="[420,518,871,897]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(length/width, mm): body (length to elytral apices) 2.05/0.89; head width 0.50; pronotum 0.44/0.62, PA 0.53, PB 0.52; elytra 1.28/0.89. Habitus as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="136F2A18FFE3FFC2F824FC2E5D0E3F92" box="[1037,1121,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[347,1239,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-35@52.[347,1239,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydraena (Holcohydraena) chandleri, new species, holotype habitus and aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10145166" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10145166/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Dorsum dark brown, palpi and legs brown. Frons and pronotum densely coarsely punctate, interstices dull; punctures ca. 45xef, interstices narrow walls to ca. 0.5xpd; clypeus microreticulate, dull. Labrum apicomedially excised, free margins weakly upturned. Pronotum with anterior margin weakly emarginate over middle 1/2; antero- and posterolateral pronotal foveae deep, confluent, posterointernal foveae very shallow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFB9A5BB838DE" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Elytra with summit of posterior declivity at ca. posterior 1/3; lateral explanate margins wide; on basal 1/3 punctures ca. 1xpd of largest pronotal punctures, some larger punctures rectangular, punctures becoming gradually smaller toward posterior. Intervals slightly raised, width ca. 0.5xpd or less, as are most interstices between punctures of a row, although some separated by narrow walls. Apices in dorsal aspect minutely separately rounded, in posterior aspect margins not forming angle with one another.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFB5658B939F6" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Venter: Mentum and postmentum very densely very finely punctulate, dull. Genae raised, dull, with posterior ridge. Ratios of P2 width and plaque shape (P2/w/l/s) ca. 1/1/4/1. P1 laminate; median carina sinuate in profile. P2 l/w ca. 2/1, sides slightly converging toward blunt apex, apex raised slightly above mesoventral intercoxal process. Plaques wide, straight, parallel, weakly raised, located at sides of deep channel-like median depression.AIS concave, width at straight posterior margin ca. 1.5x P2. All tibiae slender, straight. Abdominal apex symmetrical; last tergite apically rounded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCEEFA6F5D3B39D2" box="[199,1108,1482,1509]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFA6F5D3B39D2" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" box="[199,1108,1482,1509]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCEEFA6F580E39D3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1482,1508]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</emphasis>
Currently known only from one locality each in
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FFACFA6E5AB939D2" box="[901,982,1483,1509]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Florida</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2F822FA6E5D3F39D2" box="[1035,1104,1483,1509]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Texas</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCEEFA4A5DD63A3E" box="[199,1209,1519,1545]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEFA4A5DD63A3E" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" box="[199,1209,1519,1545]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCEEFA4A58213A3E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1519,1545]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named in honor of the collector, Donald S. Chandler, renowned Coleopterist.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6516FFE3FFC2FCEEF9B6599C3A66" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEB369DFFE3FFC2FCEEF9B6599C3A66" blockId="51.[151,1437,546,1617]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B920EA8FFFE3FFC2FCEEF9B658543A1A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1555,1581]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
The known localities, in
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FE78F9B65BCD3A1A" box="[593,674,1555,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Florida</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4990F87FFFE3FFC2FEFFF9B65A753A1A" box="[726,794,1555,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Texas</collectingRegion>
, are only about
<quantity id="4CAC9B78FFE3FFC2FFEEF9B65D5B3A1A" box="[967,1076,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mi" value="800.0">800 miles</quantity>
apart; they are at about the same latitude.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>