466 lines
54 KiB
XML
466 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="672079D52547294A38BC021D04762B50" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191088" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5a169008-e3e8-4f54-9bfa-4618612942b9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191088" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461123532220" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cárdenas, Paco, Menegola, Carla, Rapp, Hans Tore & Díaz, Maria Cristina" docDate="2009" docId="03FD6D27AA423215FF4B2AE9BD9CECA3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02276p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2276" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cinachyrella kuekenthali Uliczka 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFC4155FAA4A321FFFDC2C1EBE47EB47" masterDocTitle="Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698596348993" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="A348FD514A1AC80A2C4F19A4DEB4F1D2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A46BF1203F95881AC6D7FF54DA435E54">
|
||
<mods:title id="305AFB241002376D753F3946E9B487C0">Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="9A2175E62294370F7F0CAA556D1080B8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EAB3486985B4BE13CBCD1F30B5D52E6D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2428358D0FAD451D82D95D99C1444161">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4CC719D2FFF7B12D9B1878D7FCE75FDF">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="AA33C8A4189C38AD9FE3CC94CA63FA40" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="78747C8DDC71A9E4C74B25AF40F27152">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="73B917F7BC14AE47F5484EC65C1E2F61">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BF0AC65D80FBE25E6EA56C70609514CD">Menegola, Carla</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0D4CE80332F91E2ACDA55375C1382130" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="754094A90A02163E41B9497E37B39266">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="046E6BCEBB2691FE42CA6F031540CB11">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F821DB6394F7CFB4A7DF67760973325E">Rapp, Hans Tore</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7EDC80246CD55377802DB2F0BE1AE730" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="07F5C4D953E24A0424DC92DEB09D90F0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7244703D678CDD0CB9054177A266D09D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DE0B6364D6F6529DB4BAB9F6D340D4F0">Díaz, Maria Cristina</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="817A64B963A795A4271F4DDAF9B05CA3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="A28C7605394BD1AB12D8C9B596B30229" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C415DE12F5752053A768FA47D3780470">
|
||
<mods:title id="2733C0DC1DA0E332212DF8E290E6E07D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="FD8CDB630EE84911C929C468B214F7F1">
|
||
<mods:date id="0C00BA89A834A9ACE4BC5254F40A30CE">2009</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="08BD8E9C8CD4D77D64F67197D65CF304" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B2DC8F6DE2B74329CC3E8F56318C28A9">2276</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="7CF0BF16DCCED09E1055ABB11933EDDD" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="A735BBD4374789F73606933191656DB3">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="D1473B8E0894F0AE0311BF906FD901B9">39</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5E88BDFDEF8C89C76A0B18D77AB809DC">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="83A7FC7EB40C65E1434D2E2C78211AD4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191088</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="76E7A10BE4DDD2627D3463B36ACF1155" type="GBIF-Dataset">5a169008-e3e8-4f54-9bfa-4618612942b9</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0816D7E2DAD815382D40015CA96A50A1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D86761D7CE7F10D3D2D2049AD762F34D" type="Zenodo-Dep">191088</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8583E75B5A82F254ABA9153A0777FD45" type="ZooBank">46BBD11F-098D-4074-807A-D0BF34AB0522</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03FD6D27AA423215FF4B2AE9BD9CECA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689924" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626232" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD6D27AA423215FF4B2AE9BD9CECA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD6D27AA423215FF4B2AE9BD9CECA3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA423217FF4B2AE9BF4AEC73" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA423217FF4B2AE9BCCBEC56" blockId="8.[151,652,1783,1844]" box="[151,652,1783,1809]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="D0A36B5DAA423217FF4B2AE9BCCBEC56" bold="true" box="[151,652,1783,1809]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA423217FF4B2AE9BCCBEC56" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,652,1783,1809]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2AE9BCCBEC56" bold="true" box="[151,652,1783,1809]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2AE9BF8EEC56" bold="true" box="[151,457,1783,1809]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FE052AE9BCC3EC56" author="Uliczka" box="[473,644,1783,1809]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA423217FF4B2B04BF4AEC73" blockId="8.[151,652,1783,1844]" box="[151,269,1818,1844]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA423217FF432B04BF43EC73" box="[159,260,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA423217FF4B2B76BC4AEC38" box="[151,525,1896,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA423217FF4B2B76BC4AEC38" blockId="8.[151,933,1896,2015]" box="[151,525,1896,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2B76BF45EC38" box="[151,258,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Synonyms</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FED32B76BFB8EC38" author="Rutzler" box="[271,511,1896,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA423216FF4B2B96BA4EEBF5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA423217FF4B2B96BDE2EC98" blockId="8.[151,933,1896,2015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44FB1FAA423217FF4B2B96BDE2EC98" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA423217FF4B2B96BC17ECD8" authority="Uliczka, 1929: 43" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,592,1928,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2B96BFCEECD8" box="[151,393,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cinachyra kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5FA20AA423217FE532B96BC17ECD8" author="Uliczka" box="[399,592,1928,1951]" page="43" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1929">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FE532B96BC6EECD8" author="Uliczka" box="[399,553,1928,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 43
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs. 16–21, pl. I, fig. 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA423217FF4B2BB6BCC3ECF8" authority="Uliczka, 1929: 45" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,644,1960,1983]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schistospiculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2BB6BFFAECF8" box="[151,445,1960,1983]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cinachyra schistospiculosa</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5FA20AA423217FE182BB6BCC3ECF8" author="Uliczka" box="[452,644,1960,1983]" page="45" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1929">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FE182BB6BC1AECF8" author="Uliczka" box="[452,605,1960,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs. 27–30, pl. I, fig. 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA423217FF4B2BD6BC12EC98" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,597,1992,2015]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA423217FF4B2BD6BFE4EC98" box="[151,419,1992,2015]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FE6D2BD6BC0AEC98" author="Uliczka" box="[433,589,1992,2015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5FA20AA423217FD832BD6BD65EC98" author="Rutzler" box="[607,802,1992,2015]" page="200" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA423217FD832BD6BCAAEC98" author="Rutzler" box="[607,749,1992,2015]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. (1987) Tetillidae (Spirophorida, Porifera): a taxonomic reevaluation. In: Vacelet, J. & Boury-Esnault, N. (Eds.) Taxonomy of Porifera. NATO ASI Series, vol. G 13. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 187 - 203." type="journal article" year="1987">Rützler 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 200
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 2f, 5c.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF4B2C86BA4EEBF5" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" box="[151,1033,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF4B2C86BEB0EBF6" box="[151,247,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EF6293AA433216FF4B2C86BEB0EBF6" box="[151,247,152,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. USNM 31491, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FE3E2C86BC04EBF5" box="[482,579,152,178]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">St. John</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FD932C86BCB1EBF5" box="[591,758,152,178]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FCDE2C86BD79EBF5" box="[770,830,152,178]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (not seen).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA433216FF1A2CA1BAC7EA87" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A2CA1BD97EBB8" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A2CA1BF72EB9F" box="[198,309,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5217B8AA433216FE9D2CA0BF91EB9F" box="[321,470,190,216]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected at Caracol Reef and Adriana’s reef,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FBFD2CA0BA38EB9F" box="[1057,1151,190,216]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3–15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. Two specimens deposited:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4544F4AA433216FECA2CFBBF2CEBB8" box="[278,363,229,255]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0tqf-efed" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZMBN</collectionCode>
|
||
81786–81787, both from Adriana’s reef,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FC882CFBBDC7EBB8" box="[852,896,229,255]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A2D12BAC7EA87" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A2D12BFE7EA62" box="[198,416,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Outer morphology</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA433216FE732D12BFB2EA61" box="[431,501,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Massive, subglobular, it can reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FC6A2D12BDB9EA61" box="[950,1022,268,294]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
of diameter. Strongly hispid. Often covered with sand, green and red algae or more rarely macro-epibionts (ascidians, sponges). It can therefore appear grayish or reddish in the field, while its true surface color is orange. Choanosome is orange when alive, yellowish in ethanol. Few oscules (ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FDBE2D9EBCE6EADD" box="[610,673,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
), sometimes only one. Porocalices (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FB8D2D9EBAA5EADD" box="[1105,1250,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3– 0.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
) are numerous, unevenly distributed but usually not on the top. Oscules and porocalices can contract.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA433216FF1A2DD3BA82EF43" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A2DD3BB3FE9EF" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A2DD3BF6DEAA1" box="[198,298,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA433216FEE52DD3BFC6EAA0" box="[313,385,461,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The skeleton organization is fairly similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FBD32DD3BA34EAA1" box="[1039,1139,461,486]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FBD32DD3BA34EAA1" box="[1039,1139,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Radial bundles of oxeas cross the choanosome until and beyond the surface. The ectosome layer is somewhat larger (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FB152DEABB1BE949" box="[1225,1372,500,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The cladomes of anatriaenes are still placed in this layer or protruding beyond the surface. Protriaenes are less abundant than anatriaenes and mainly placed at the surface. Numerous spiny microxeas are randomly positioned in the choanosome, and in lower densities in the ectosome. Sigmaspires are present throughout the choanosome. Foreign spicules and diatoms are rare in the sponge. No crystalline structures were observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A2EABBFB4E899" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A2EABBF6FE989" box="[198,296,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(measurements of ZMBN 81786) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA433216FD022EABBD6EE988" box="[734,809,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FCA12EABBA57E989" box="[893,1040,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Megascleres</emphasis>
|
||
: (a) oxeas, large, length: 2088–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF4B2EC2BEADE9B2" box="[151,234,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2853.4</emphasis>
|
||
-3840 µm (N=15); width: 15–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FD8A2EC2BCCCE9B2" box="[598,651,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">39.6</emphasis>
|
||
–58 µm. (b) microxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA433216FC6E2EC2BDBBE9B1" box="[946,1020,732,758]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C), spiny, straight or slightly bent, length: 141–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FEEB2F1CBF39E85C" box="[311,382,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">184.3</emphasis>
|
||
–215.5 µm; width: 2.7–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FD702F1CBC93E85C" box="[684,724,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5.1</emphasis>
|
||
–5.3 µm. (c) protriaenes, with rare prodiaenes, width of rhabdome tends to increase from cladome base, rhabdome length: 2200–3500 µm (N=2); rhabdome width: 4–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF4B2F4EBEFAE82E" box="[151,189,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">8.5</emphasis>
|
||
–11 µm; clad length: 73–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FE322F4EBC76E82E" box="[494,561,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">122.4</emphasis>
|
||
–177 µm. (d) anatriaenes, very common, rhabdome length:
|
||
<date id="FFEAFAF1AA433216FADA2F4EBBCAE82E" box="[1286,1421,848,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1600" valueMax="2735">
|
||
1600–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FA8D2F4EBBCAE82E" box="[1361,1421,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2735</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
– 3600 µm (N=6); rhabdome width: 3–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FDA52F69BCE6E8D7" box="[633,673,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5.7</emphasis>
|
||
–11.4 µm; clad length: 30–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FBDE2F69BA7CE8D7" box="[1026,1083,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">67.9</emphasis>
|
||
–107 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FB1C2F69BB21E8D7" box="[1216,1382,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Microscleres</emphasis>
|
||
: (e) sigmaspires (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136FC0B4AA433216FEE82F83BF3BE8F0" box="[308,380,925,951]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,261,1131,1155]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,197,1104]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka, 1929) [ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm; C. kuekenthali [ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross – section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D), spiny, with occasional central or terminal bulge, length: 11.1–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FB512F83BA87E8F1" box="[1165,1216,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">13.8</emphasis>
|
||
–16.5 µm (N=22); width: 1–
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FEDA2FDABF6DE89A" box="[262,298,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">1.2</emphasis>
|
||
–1.6 µm (N=22).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A2FF4BA82EF43" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" box="[198,1221,1002,1028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A2FF4BC3DEF44" box="[198,634,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Habitat in the Bocas del Toro region.</emphasis>
|
||
Common on reef and coral rubble,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA433216FBC02FF4BA32EF43" box="[1052,1141,1002,1028]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="3.0">3–18 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA433216FF1A280FBA40EF81" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A280FBA40EF81" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A280FBF12EF6D" box="[198,341,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. North Carolina and Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FD6E280FBD44EF6C" box="[690,771,1041,1067]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FCCE280FBA5AEF6C" author="Rutzler" box="[786,1053,1041,1067]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FBEE280FBAD9EF6C" box="[1074,1182,1041,1067]" name="Bahamas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FB70280FBBD0EF6C" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[1196,1431,1041,1067]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum 28, 1 - 287, pls 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FF102826BFFDEF15" author="Soest" box="[204,442,1080,1106]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. & Sass, D. (1981) Marine sponges from an island cave on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 51, 332 - 344." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest & Sass 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FE0E2826BC54EF15" box="[466,531,1080,1106]" name="Cuba" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FDF82826BCA4EF15" author="Alcolado" box="[548,739,1080,1106]" pageId="9" pageNumber="35" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FD262826BDEEEF15" box="[762,937,1080,1106]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC662826BA20EF15" author="Uliczka" box="[954,1127,1080,1106]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FBA92826BBC8EF15" author="Rutzler" box="[1141,1423,1080,1106]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FF4B2840BEB1EF3F" box="[151,246,1118,1144]" name="Jamaica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FEDA2840BC53EF3F" author="Rutzler" box="[262,532,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lehnert & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FD0A2840BD1AEF3F" author="Soest" box="[726,861,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="37" refString="Lehnert, H. & van Soest, R. W. M. (1998) Shallow water sponges of Jamaica. Beaufortia, 48, 71 - 103." type="journal article" year="1998">Soest 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FCA82840BDA4EF3F" box="[884,995,1118,1144]" name="Barbados" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC2F2840BADFEF3F" author="Uliczka" box="[1011,1176,1118,1144]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, supplement 16, 35 - 62, pl I." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FB042840BE91EFD8" author="Soest" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados Deep-Water Sponges. In: Hummelinck, P. W. & Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.) Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands. Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen, No. 122., Amsterdam, pp. 1 - 175." type="book chapter" year="1988">Soest & Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FF37289BBF0AEFD8" box="[235,333,1157,1183]" name="Curaçao" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
(van Soest 1981);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FDF1289BBC3FEFD8" box="[557,632,1157,1183]" name="Belize" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FD5B289BBDD4EFD8" author="Rutzler" box="[647,915,1157,1183]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FC74289BBA42EFD8" box="[936,1029,1157,1183]" name="Panama" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(this study);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FB7E289BBB51EFD8" box="[1186,1302,1157,1183]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FAF9289BBF65EF81" author="Rutzler" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FEF228B2BFBDEF81" author="Valderrama" box="[302,506,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. Thesis. Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Díaz 2007);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FD4528B2BCA6EF81" box="[665,737,1196,1222]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FD2C28B2BDBDEF81" author="Rutzler" box="[752,1018,1196,1222]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA433215FF1A28CDBDF4EC36" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF1A28CDBFE1ED0F" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FF1A28CDBFADEFAB" box="[198,490,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks and discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the first record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FCC028CDBD82EFAB" box="[796,965,1235,1260]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FCC028CDBD82EFAB" box="[796,965,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FC3728CDBA0FEFAA" box="[1003,1096,1235,1261]" name="Panama" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
although it had already been studied at Bocas del Toro, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FDDB28E7BCE0EE55" box="[519,679,1273,1298]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FDDB28E7BCE0EE55" box="[519,679,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cinachyrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FD3828E7BA4CEE54" author="Erwin" box="[740,1035,1273,1299]" pageId="9" pageNumber="37" refString="Erwin, P. M. & Thacker, R. W. (2007) Incidence and identity of photosynthetic symbionts in Caribbean coral reef sponge assemblages. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 87, 1683 - 1692." type="journal article" year="2007">Erwin & Thacker 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most descriptions state that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FA5C28E7BF58EE7E" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FA5C28E7BF58EE7E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by a depression on top (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FCDD293EBDAAEE7D" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[769,1005,1312,1338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum 28, 1 - 287, pls 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC26293EBB43EE7D" author="Rutzler" box="[1018,1284,1312,1338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Díaz 2007). We did not observe this, as in some Colombian specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC912958BA5AEE27" author="Valderrama" box="[845,1053,1350,1376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. Thesis. Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This character difference is not considered of great importance since variability of shape with respect to different environment conditions is well documented in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FE6F298ABC66EEE9" box="[435,545,1428,1454]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Tetillidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FDED298ABD7EEEE9" author="McDonald" box="[561,825,1428,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="McDonald, J. I., Hooper, J. N. A. & McGuinness, K. A. (2002) Environmentally influenced variability in the morphology of Cinachyrella australiensis (Carter 1886) (Porifera: Spirophorida: Tetillidae). Marine and Freshwater Research, 53, 79 - 84." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FDED298ABCF6EEE9" box="[561,689,1428,1454]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">McDonald</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FD64298ABCB4EEEA" box="[696,755,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC9A298ABA1CEEE9" author="Meroz-Fine" box="[838,1115,1428,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Meroz-Fine, E., Shefer, S. & Ilan, M. (2005) Changes in morphology and physiology of an East Mediterranean sponge in different habitats. Marine Biology, 147, 243 - 250." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Meroz-Fine
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FC04298ABA53EEEA" box="[984,1044,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We found it very difficult to distinguish the two categories of oxeas previously observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FC4329A5BA0EEE93" box="[927,1097,1467,1492]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FC4329A5BA0EEE93" box="[927,1097,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FB5229A5BBD0EE92" author="Soest" box="[1166,1431,1467,1493]" pageId="9" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados Deep-Water Sponges. In: Hummelinck, P. W. & Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.) Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands. Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen, No. 122., Amsterdam, pp. 1 - 175." type="book chapter" year="1988">Soest & Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FF4B29FFBFE0EEBC" author="Rutzler" box="[151,423,1505,1531]" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" refString="Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1992) Guide to the Western Atlantic species of Cinachyrella (Porifera: Tetillidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105, 148 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Rützler & Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and therefore considered only one size in our measurements. The microxeas were always very numerous, so their absence in a record from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FCEC2A16BDEFED65" box="[816,936,1544,1570]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC5A1C0AA433216FC6A2A16BB56ED65" author="Amaro" box="[950,1297,1544,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="35" refString="Amaro, M. E. & Linero-Arana, I. (2002) Demospongiae (Porifera) de Isla Larga, Bahia de Mochima, Venezuela. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 41, 45 - 53." type="journal article" year="2002">Amaro & Liñero-Arana 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) makes this identification doubtful.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA433216FF192A4BBA83EC77" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
There was a 42 bp. difference between the COI Folmer fragment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FBD82A4BBA2AED29" box="[1028,1133,1621,1646]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FBD82A4BBA2AED29" box="[1028,1133,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FB762A4BBB1EED29" box="[1194,1369,1621,1646]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FB762A4BBB1EED29" box="[1194,1369,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Bocas. Contrary to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FEA72A62BF98EDD2" box="[379,479,1660,1685]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FEA72A62BF98EDD2" box="[379,479,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there was high intra-specific genetic polymorphism of COI for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FB082A62BB39EDD2" box="[1236,1406,1660,1685]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FB082A62BB39EDD2" box="[1236,1406,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Caribbean. Four COI sequences are now known from Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FC062ABDBA6DEDFA" box="[986,1066,1699,1725]" name="Belize" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FBB42ABDBA89EDFA" box="[1128,1230,1699,1725]" name="Panama" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
; they group in 3 haplotypes (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D6E98AAA433216FEFB2AD7BFC3EDA4" box="[295,388,1737,1763]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,240,1274,1298]" captionText="TABLE 2. Distribution of polymorphic sites in the COI sequences (Folmer fragment) for 4 specimens of Cinachyrella kuekenthali. Positions of mutations refer to the complete mitochondrial genome of C. kuekenthali (EU 237479). Positions of mutations" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FE462AD7BC01EDA5" box="[410,582,1737,1762]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FE462AD7BC01EDA5" box="[410,582,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Bocas del Toro had the most diverging sequence with four to five base pair differences with specimens from Florida and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA433216FCF82AEEBD34EC4D" box="[804,883,1776,1802]" name="Belize" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Therefore, the Folmer partition of COI would possibly be a suitable mitochondrial marker for future population studies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA433216FBC82B09BAFAEC77" box="[1044,1213,1815,1840]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA433216FBC82B09BAFAEC77" box="[1044,1213,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B8CB9AA403215FF4B2875BFB1EF8F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191092/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[151,1420,197,1088]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF4B2875BFB1EF8F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1131,1224]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FF4B2875BF64EFC4" bold="true" box="[151,291,1131,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FEF72875BD57EFC5" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[299,784,1131,1154]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FEF72875BC17EFC5" box="[299,592,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
(Uliczka, 1929)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[ZMBN 81787]: A. Gross morphology. Scale: 5 cm;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FA5E2875BF54EFE1" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FA5E2875BF54EFE1" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[ZMBN 81786]: B. Cross–section showing the skeletal architecture. Scale: 1 mm; C. Microxeas. Scale: 20 µm; D. Sigmaspire. Scale: 2 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B8CB9AA403215FF4B28E4BA64EE22" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF4B28E4BA64EE22" blockId="10.[151,1436,1274,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FF4B28E4BF4CEE55" bold="true" box="[151,267,1274,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of polymorphic sites in the COI sequences (Folmer fragment) for 4 specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FACD28E5BF55EE73" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FACD28E5BF55EE73" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Positions of mutations refer to the complete mitochondrial genome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FBD02903BAE1EE73" box="[1036,1190,1309,1332]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FBD02903BAE1EE73" box="[1036,1190,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940741D2AA403215FB682903BB69EE73" box="[1204,1326,1309,1332]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU237479" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">EU237479</accessionNumber>
|
||
). Positions of mutations
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF432966BB78ED6A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1274,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Genbank accession number Locality 51 144 237 264 573
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940741D2AA403215FF4329BEBF40EEF2" box="[159,263,1440,1461]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU237479" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">EU237479</accessionNumber>
|
||
Tennessee Reef, FL,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA403215FD6629BEBCADEEF2" box="[698,746,1440,1461]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
C G T T C
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940741D2AA403215FF4329D6BF41EE9A" box="[159,262,1480,1501]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519603" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">EF519603</accessionNumber>
|
||
* Delta Reef, Keys, FL,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA403215FD1529D6BCBEEE9A" box="[713,761,1480,1501]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
? G G T C
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940741D2AA403215FF4329EEBF42ED42" box="[159,261,1520,1541]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519602" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">EF519602</accessionNumber>
|
||
* Patch Reef,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA403215FDB929EEBCE5ED42" box="[613,674,1520,1541]" name="Belize" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
? G T T C
|
||
<accessionNumber id="940741D2AA403215FF432A06BF47ED6A" box="[159,256,1560,1581]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ711646" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FJ711646</accessionNumber>
|
||
* Bocas del Toro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3439CA1AA403215FD512A06BC9EED6A" box="[653,729,1560,1581]" name="Panama" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
T A T C Y
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF4B2A4EBFF4EDCD" blockId="10.[151,801,1616,1674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">* in Sponge Barcoding Database: www.spongebarcoding.org? = missing data; Y = T/C.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF192AA2BDF4EC36" blockId="10.[151,1437,1724,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FF192AA2BF1BED92" box="[197,348,1724,1749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alloclada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FF192AA2BF1BED92" box="[197,348,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. alloclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FEB12AA2BF91ED92" box="[365,470,1724,1749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FEB12AA2BF91ED92" box="[365,470,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FDC82AA2BC83ED92" box="[532,708,1724,1749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FDC82AA2BC83ED92" box="[532,708,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are sympatric species in Bocas del Toro. Often covered by sediments and algae, they can be challenging to differentiate in the field without careful spicule observation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FF4B2B17BEBAEC65" box="[151,253,1801,1826]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FF4B2B17BEBAEC65" box="[151,253,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is usually small (ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FE2E2B17BC6AEC64" box="[498,557,1801,1827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) and found near mangrove areas, in very shallow waters (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FAB32B17BEF4EC0D" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FF152B2EBF3AEC0E" box="[201,381,1840,1865]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FF152B2EBF3AEC0E" box="[201,381,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is fairly large (ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FDB82B2EBC98EC0D" box="[612,735,1840,1866]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) and found deeper in the reefs (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FADA2B2EBB2DEC0D" box="[1286,1386,1840,1866]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="2.0">2–18 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FA5C2B2EBF41EC37" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alloclada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FA5C2B2EBF41EC37" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. alloclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FE952B49BFE8EC36" box="[329,431,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter and also found in reefs (>
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC71D4AA403215FCA92B49BDE1EC36" box="[885,934,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E8FBAAA403215FF192B63BD9CECA3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBDC31AA403215FF192B63BD9CECA3" blockId="10.[151,1437,1724,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
SEM observations showed that all three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FCB82B60BA4BECD0" box="[868,1036,1918,1943]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FCB82B60BA4BECD0" box="[868,1036,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cinachyrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similar spiny sigmaspire morphologies. The main difference concerned the size of these miscroscleres: the sigmaspires of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FA5C2BBABF59ECA3" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FA5C2BBABF59ECA3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. kuekenthali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were, on average, longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FD792BD5BD4DECA3" box="[677,778,1995,2020]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FD792BD5BD4DECA3" box="[677,778,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. apion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C54A7B2AA403215FC9F2BD5BD93ECA3" box="[835,980,1995,2020]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alloclada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9200023AA403215FC9F2BD5BD93ECA3" box="[835,980,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. alloclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |