309 lines
44 KiB
XML
309 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="DEEFA3584AFD35EA68CE1B8B7DCD3C43" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5353903" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5353903" ID-ZooBank="234F0CFB-B96E-4675-8F82-867EC8216ACB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630212899380" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skelley, Paul E. & Tang, William" docDate="2020" docId="03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F" docLanguage="en" docName="0837.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2020 (837)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pharaxonotha thomasi Skelley and Tang 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFC2F7760E053D5AF8503F3ACF69FF92" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter among the early-diverging lineages, with a key to the species of the genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae)" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699188129963" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="987F2A8F80F8BFF91E0638ED9281BA43" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1D9A705474AE57B84E7AEBCB1D13A0BC">
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<mods:title id="F6A3CC02F60AEAD7386435B4E7914269">Two new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter among the early-diverging lineages, with a key to the species of the genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="54CC5C761DE3E5228E74E1ABB422A980" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D09009EABF9053FECFB62B3F9EE40A8C">
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<mods:roleTerm id="018390A049315FC517BE3AC9B2F58469">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="07B600F8467BA3FC88FABC84191D046C">Skelley, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C1945FBA9054DB1143E00ACE9BA282E">Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture - DPI P. O. Box 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="32A8AF7B906ECD71E9E702E476DE0089" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D65431468BE058B052376F7BD6C7ABB9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2BDA051335B56C8803B13D669219D6BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5613A1299950022C4FA5BBF89C885859">Tang, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B6F81E40A752B85A63003B529D54252">USDA APHIS PPQ South Florida P. O. Box 660520 Miami, FL 33266, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E989188FF4995CB6046191C68455F7E0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="12086DFB9A0A7C35C820E2E6334B1FA3">
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<mods:title id="834EF43083B8407E92C221FA13FD8FA7">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="826AB8F20C188DB9F142E188F60C795A">
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<mods:date id="67D522A69F3D16F3FA4D982BCE0838C8">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AE079654A517C7F3097C3D10C8784AEB" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FC6A254EE1068B719605E6F85C8135D5">2020-12-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="45418CCB22BDA549B548FB6CFE5EBE11" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A2B7F812304ACDAE3F2777FECC182453">2020</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2CA29A324046189BAB3987A5B21DA8ED" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F5A1207772721B06C7310685D0AA1C98">837</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="BB9533097459ADA0581BCEB85E34D87B" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="9CB2B56FE6B2230B9143A8E4DE2B1195">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="4FA63CE4279AC5EE0CE383B746D31DE6">11</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="F2813EACDCDDF93F9BE825999C0EEBFB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8165CCE4F8F463A6D37EE42398519FC3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5353903</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6B3B5479FC6224EDB8210D2E381A01C8" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="87D3B335E49532BE476995945FA33033" type="Zenodo-Dep">5353903</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E841291D9084A031EAD151E15DB5CB3B" type="ZooBank">234F0CFB-B96E-4675-8F82-867EC8216ACB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5452239" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5452239" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0D3D52F8903E5BCC0BFEEC" box="[192,866,353,382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D52F8903E5BCC0BFEEC" blockId="8.[192,866,353,417]" box="[192,866,353,382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0A589740E0D3D52F8903E5BCC0BFEEC" box="[192,866,353,382]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F8903E5BCC0BFEEC" bold="true" box="[192,866,353,382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0D3D52F8903E5BCDA9FEEC" authority="Skelley and Tang" authorityName="Skelley and Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[192,704,353,382]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F8903E5BCE88FEEC" bold="true" box="[192,481,353,382]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pharaxonotha thomasi</emphasis>
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Skelley and Tang
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2155F710E0D3D52FA9D3E58CC0BFEEC" box="[717,866,353,382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0D3D52F8903EBDCE2EFE33" box="[192,327,391,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D52F8903EBDCE2EFE33" blockId="8.[192,866,353,417]" box="[192,327,391,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<figureCitation id="1369229D0E0D3D52F8903EBDCE2EFE33" box="[192,327,391,417]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-12@9.[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2. Pharaxonotha thomasi, paratype. A) Dorsal habitus. B) Lateral habitus. C) Ventral habitus. D). Male terminalia, dorsal. E) Male terminalia, lateral. F) Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral. G) Male abdominal segments VIII–IX. H) Female genitalia. I) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figure 2A–I</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0D3D52F8903E88CE22FDAA" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D52F8903E88CE22FDAA" blockId="8.[192,1441,434,568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F8903E88CE55FE5E" bold="true" box="[192,316,434,460]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0D3D52F9153E89CD2AFE5F" authorityName="Skelley and Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[325,579,435,461]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F9153E89CD2AFE5F" box="[325,579,435,461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pharaxonotha thomasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the most recognizable species of the genus. It is the only species where all tibiae are strongly triangularly dilated apically; protibia with a complete row of short stout spinules on a straight ventral apical margin; body distinctly flattened; and with a known distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="F3457E880E0D3D52FCED3EC0CA44FD86" box="[1213,1325,506,532]" name="Honduras" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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on
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<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0D3D52FD073EC1CE2CFDA5" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="onan-reyesii">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52FD073EC1CE2CFDA5" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Zamia onan-reyesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0D3D50F8903D73CBECFDC7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D52F8903D73CDDEFD60" blockId="8.[190,1443,585,1927]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F8903D73CE3BFDF1" bold="true" box="[192,338,585,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CAA93FD0E0D3D52F9E93D73CD08FDF1" box="[441,609,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.96" metricValueMin="2.44" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.96" valueMin="2.44">2.44–2.96 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="4CAA93FD0E0D3D52FAEE3D73CC0EFDF1" box="[702,871,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.075" valueMax="1.19" valueMin="0.96">0.96–1.19 mm</quantity>
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. Body (
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<figureCitation id="1369229D0E0D3D52FB953D73CB56FDF1" box="[965,1087,585,611]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-12@9.[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2. Pharaxonotha thomasi, paratype. A) Dorsal habitus. B) Lateral habitus. C) Ventral habitus. D). Male terminalia, dorsal. E) Male terminalia, lateral. F) Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral. G) Male abdominal segments VIII–IX. H) Female genitalia. I) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2A–C</figureCitation>
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) in dorsal view elongate, distinctly flattened, greatest width at middle of elytra; in lateral view flattened dorsally. General body color entirely red-brown; dorsal surface punctate, shining and appearing glabrous, short procumbent hairs associated with punctation on pronotum and elytra, ventrally shining and appearing glabrous except mesoventrite and abdomen mostly covered with short procumbent setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D52F9503DC1CA44FB09" blockId="8.[190,1443,585,1927]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F9503DC1CE2CFC87" bold="true" box="[256,325,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Head.</emphasis>
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Not broad, width = 0.68–0.74× pronotal width; in dorsal view conical, gradually narrowed anteriorly, surface flat to slightly convex, finely, moderately punctured, average distance between closest punctures 2–3× width of puncture; head width
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<quantity id="4CAA93FD0E0D3D52FA7D3C7BCDBAFCCE" box="[557,723,833,860]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.605" valueMax="0.65" valueMin="0.56">0.56–0.65 mm</quantity>
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; dorsal interocular distance
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<quantity id="4CAA93FD0E0D3D52FC4C3C78CBABFCCE" box="[1052,1218,834,860]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.37" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.37 mm</quantity>
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, head width/dorsal interocular distance ratio 1.63–1.80, ventral interocular distance
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<quantity id="4CAA93FD0E0D3D52FBC83C5FCB55FC12" box="[920,1084,869,896]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.235" valueMax="0.26" valueMin="0.21">0.21–0.26 mm</quantity>
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, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 2.55–2.89. Eye with large black facets, about 2× diameter of head punctures. Antennal length slightly shorter than pronotal width, 1.2× head width; antennomere I (scape) fairly large, slightly elongate; antennomere II equal in size to III; IV small, circular; V–VII same length as IV, gradually becoming wider with VIII distinctly transverse and flattened apically; club fairly large, IX and X similar in length; XI not enlarged, 1.4× longer than X, globular with rounded apex. Clypeus weakly concave anteriorly, moderately punctate. Transverse occipital line [vertexal line] distinct from eye to eye. Mentum and submentum somewhat coarsely punctured, 2–3× diameter of facet, distance between nearest punctures approximately 1× own diameter, each puncture with a short seta. Gular area smooth, without punctation or setae, border with submentum marked by change in punctuation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0D3D53F9503B9FCA29F814" blockId="8.[190,1443,585,1927]" lastBlockId="9.[192,1441,1833,1927]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0D3D52F9503B9FCE32FB2D" bold="true" box="[256,347,1189,1215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Thorax.</emphasis>
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With pronotum transversely rectangular in dorsal view, length/width ratio 0.67–0.73; with distinct marginal carina laterally and basally, anteriorly with fine marginal carina medially; dorsally flattened; anterior angles broadly rounded, not projecting forward; posterior angles weakly developed, with small denticle at angle; lateral margin parallel-sided in medial half, shallowly arcuate inward anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior margin slightly projecting medially, projection beginning approximately by pair of small, dark pores in margin located 1/4 width from posterior angles, each pore marks base of a distinct sulcus extending anteriorly onto disc 1/4 length of pronotum. Prosternum in ventral view convex, with few scattered punctures; anterior margin slightly emarginate, finely denticulate with row of long, anteriorly directed setae, longest setae approximately 1/3 length of eye; prosternal process flattened apically, expanded and truncate at apex. Hypomeron laterally with few minute punctures, medially lacking distinct longitudinal striations. Scutellar shield distinctly transverse, posterior margin weakly roundly pentagonal. Elytra in dorsal view elongate, flattened dorsally; length/width 1.44–1.62, greatest width near midlength; with distinct marginal line basally; 10 complete striae of moderate puncture size; scutellary striole extending 1/4 elytral length, with 10–15 punctures; punctures of elytral striae 1.5× larger than pronotal punctures, striae weakly impressed; intervals of striae with fine, shallow punctures, 1/4 size of strial punctures; all punctures of elytral bearing a single short seta; seta only visible in profile, extending slightly out of puncture. Mesoventrite with strong punctation, distance between nearest punctures approximately equal to diameter of punctures, puncture depth moderate. Metaventrite glossy, with strong lateral punctation separated by 1–2× own diameter; medial surface finely distinctly punctured, separated by 3–4× own diameter; surface medially flattened, metathoracic discrimen extending approximately 3/4 metaventrite length. Legs broadened, relatively similar in length and shape. Procoxa oval; mesocoxa globular; metacoxa transversely elongate-oval; trochanters obliquely truncate apically; femora robust, compressed laterally; tibiae shorter than femora, triangularly dilated to obliquely truncate apices, obliquely truncate apical margin width 1/3 tibial length; protibia with apical lateral tooth small, with complete apical fringe of very short stout spinules on straight ventral apical margin; meso- and metatibia with apical fringe of short stout spinules on anterior margin, finer setae on posterior margins.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF2D6E900E0C3D53F89039AACC32F97F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" targetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0C3D53F89039AACC32F97F" blockId="9.[192,1440,1680,1774]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53F89039AACE40F938" bold="true" box="[192,297,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0C3D53F96139AACD44F938" authorityName="Skelley and Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[305,557,1680,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53F96139AACD44F938" box="[305,557,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Pharaxonotha thomasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, paratype.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FAFD39AACDA3F938" bold="true" box="[685,714,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">A)</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FBD339AACCF7F938" bold="true" box="[899,926,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">B)</emphasis>
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Lateral habitus.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FC0D39AACB13F938" bold="true" box="[1117,1146,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C)</emphasis>
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Ventral habitus.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FD6C39AACA33F938" bold="true" box="[1340,1370,1680,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">D)</emphasis>
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. Male terminalia, dorsal.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53F9C2398BCEC5F959" bold="true" box="[402,428,1713,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">E)</emphasis>
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Male terminalia, lateral.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FA92398BCDB5F959" bold="true" box="[706,732,1713,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">F)</emphasis>
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Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FC8E398BCB95F959" bold="true" box="[1246,1276,1713,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G)</emphasis>
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Male abdominal segments VIII–IX.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53F9EF39E9CEB7F97F" bold="true" box="[447,478,1747,1773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">H)</emphasis>
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Female genitalia.
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0C3D53FAF839E9CDD4F97F" bold="true" box="[680,701,1747,1773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">I)</emphasis>
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Spermatheca.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F9503FEFCBE5FE0D" blockId="10.[191,1440,213,555]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9503FEFCE12FF7D" bold="true" box="[256,379,213,239]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventrite apical margin bearing short, sparse setae; all ventrites bearing moderate, shallow punctation evenly distributed across surface, distance to nearest puncture approximately 2× diameter of puncture, punctures bearing mostly reclining setae; ventrite V with setae length nearly uniformly approximately 2× diameter of puncture; I–IV each with 2 or more median pairs of longer, semi-erect sensory hairs (difficult to see in poor lighting, often abraded). Male genitalia (n = 2) similar to all others in the genus, with dorsoventrally flattened tegmen, elongate cylindrical median lobe, and long coiled flagellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1369229D0E0F3D50FC553EBECBE9FE0D" box="[1029,1152,388,415]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-12@9.[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2. Pharaxonotha thomasi, paratype. A) Dorsal habitus. B) Lateral habitus. C) Ventral habitus. D). Male terminalia, dorsal. E) Male terminalia, lateral. F) Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral. G) Male abdominal segments VIII–IX. H) Female genitalia. I) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2D–G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F9503E92CBD8FDB8" blockId="10.[191,1440,213,555]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9503E92CE32FE50" bold="true" box="[256,347,424,450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male, sexual dimorphism weakly evident with male protarsomere I more broadly dilated. Genital tube shortened, length past abdominal segment VIII = 1.5× width (n = 2); gonostylus set apically on gonocoxite, gonostylus length = 4–5× width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1369229D0E0F3D50FA873ED7CC46FD95" box="[727,815,493,519]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-12@9.[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2. Pharaxonotha thomasi, paratype. A) Dorsal habitus. B) Lateral habitus. C) Ventral habitus. D). Male terminalia, dorsal. E) Male terminalia, lateral. F) Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral. G) Male abdominal segments VIII–IX. H) Female genitalia. I) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermatheca shaped like a pill capsule, length approximately 3× width, basal half smooth, apical half with reticulation, folding at center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1369229D0E0F3D50FC083D2ACBCAFDB8" box="[1112,1187,528,554]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="9.[192,268,1680,1706]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-12@9.[192,1440,213,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 2. Pharaxonotha thomasi, paratype. A) Dorsal habitus. B) Lateral habitus. C) Ventral habitus. D). Male terminalia, dorsal. E) Male terminalia, lateral. F) Apex of penis and tegmen, dorsal and lateral. G) Male abdominal segments VIII–IX. H) Female genitalia. I) Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5353907/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F8903D01CBECFDC7" blockId="10.[192,1157,571,598]" box="[192,1157,571,598]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F8903D01CE78FDC7" bold="true" box="[192,273,571,597]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3457E880E0F3D50F9FD3D01CD76FDC7" box="[429,543,571,597]" name="Honduras" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50FA043D06CDEDFDC4" box="[596,644,572,598]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, on male cones of
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FBF93D06CBECFDC7" box="[937,1157,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FBF93D06CBE8FDC7" box="[937,1153,572,597]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="onan-reyesii">Zamia onan-reyesii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0F3D50F8903D5CCEAEFCC0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F8903D5CCB9BFD7B" blockId="10.[192,1441,614,850]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F8903D5CCECEFD12" bold="true" box="[192,423,614,640]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3A34450E0F3D50F9E23D5CCB9BFD7B" collectingDate="2003-07-30" collectorName="Jody Haynes" country="Honduras" county="Laguna Tembladeros" location="San Pedro Sula" municipality="Filo del Cerrito" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50F9E23D5CCD73FD12" box="[434,538,614,640]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(by designation) male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FB1E3D5CCB27FD12" authorityName="Skelley and Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[846,1102,614,640]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FB1E3D5CCB27FD12" box="[846,1102,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Pharaxonotha thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the following labels: 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink] “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3457E880E0F3D50FACA3DB3CC51FD31" box="[666,824,649,675]" name="Honduras" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">HONDURAS</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E8D68C30E0F3D50FB123DB3CC85FD31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F:8E8D68C30E0F3D50FB123DB3CC85FD31" box="[834,1004,649,675]" country="Honduras" county="Laguna Tembladeros" municipality="Filo del Cerrito" name="San Pedro Sula" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">San Pedro Sula</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B89A4620E0F3D50FBA73DB3CBCCFD31" box="[1015,1189,649,675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Filo del Cerrito</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628C46940E0F3D50FCE03DB0CAF5FD31" box="[1200,1436,649,676]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Laguna Tembladeros</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEC18D80E0F3D50F8903D96CE27FD54" box="[192,334,684,710]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2003-07-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA8E1300E0F3D50F8903D96CE27FD54" box="[192,334,684,710]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2003-07-30">30-VII-2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, [GPS coord. omitted], col.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A75BCE0E0F3D50FAD23D96CC79FD55" box="[642,784,684,711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Jody Haynes</collectorName>
|
||
, on male cone of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FB823D96CB54FD54" box="[978,1085,684,710]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Zamia sp.</taxonomicName>
|
||
” 2) [rectangular; red; printed in black ink] “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50F96F3DF5CEB8FD7B" box="[319,465,719,745]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54F5910E0F3D50F9883DE8CE84FD7A" box="[472,493,722,744]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50F9A33DF5CCBEFD7B" authority="Skelley & Tang 2020" authorityName="Skelley & Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[499,983,719,746]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9A33DF5CD87FD7B" box="[499,750,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Pharaxonotha thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
Skelley &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FB333DEACCBEFD7B" author="Tang W & Xu W & Marler T & Khuraijam JS & Singh R & Lindstrom AJ & Radha P & Rich S & Nguyen KS & Skelley P." box="[867,983,719,746]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref8930" refString="Tang W, Xu W, Marler T, Khuraijam JS, Singh R, Lindstrom AJ, Radha P, Rich S, Nguyen KS, Skelley P. 2020. Beetles (Coleoptera) in cones of cycads (Cycadales) of the northern hemisphere: diversity and evolution. Insecta Mundi 0781: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="2020">Tang 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. Deposited in the FSCA.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F9503DC8CEAEFCC0" blockId="10.[192,1441,614,850]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3A34450E0F3D50F9503DC8CEAAFCC0" collectingDate="2003-07-30" collectionCode="ANIC, NHMUK, NZAC, USNM" collectorName="Jody Haynes" country="Honduras" county="Laguna Tembladeros" location="In" municipality="Filo del Cerrito" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
Female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50F90C3DC8CEDCFC9E" box="[348,437,754,780]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and adult
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50FA6A3DC9CDCFFC9F" box="[570,678,755,781]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(n = 41): same data as holotype (4
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED43A6DD0E0F3D50FC083DC8CBF7FC9E" box="[1112,1182,754,780]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ANIC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E980BA0E0F3D50FCFE3DC8CA60FC9E" box="[1198,1289,754,780]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, 25 FSCA; 4
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED43A6DD0E0F3D50F8903C2FCE44FCBD" box="[192,301,789,815]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
; 4
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED43A6DD0E0F3D50F91E3C2FCEF5FCBD" box="[334,412,789,815]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
; 4
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED43A6DD0E0F3D50F9ED3C2FCD78FCBD" box="[445,529,789,815]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8E8D68C30E0F3D50FA753C2FCD54FCBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB8F0E0E0D3D50F8903E5BCAF7F98F:8E8D68C30E0F3D50FA753C2FCD54FCBD" box="[549,573,789,815]" country="Honduras" name="In" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">In</location>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FA153C2FCC64FCBD" author="Tang W & Xu W & Marler T & Khuraijam JS & Singh R & Lindstrom AJ & Radha P & Rich S & Nguyen KS & Skelley P." box="[581,781,789,815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref8930" refString="Tang W, Xu W, Marler T, Khuraijam JS, Singh R, Lindstrom AJ, Radha P, Rich S, Nguyen KS, Skelley P. 2020. Beetles (Coleoptera) in cones of cycads (Cycadales) of the northern hemisphere: diversity and evolution. Insecta Mundi 0781: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="2020">Tang et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species is presented on their tree as “D0066
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FD123C2CCE6DFCC0" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="onanreyesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FD123C2CCA38FCBD" box="[1346,1361,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Z</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FD0F3C2CCE6DFCC0" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">onanreyesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3457E880E0F3D50F9713C02CED2FCC0" box="[289,443,824,850]" name="Honduras" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">HONDURAS</collectingCountry>
|
||
”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0F3D50F8903C59CE5EFA5D" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F8903C59CD18FAD1" blockId="10.[191,1442,867,1487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F8903C59CE2DFCEF" bold="true" box="[192,324,867,893]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
In the early 1990s, Andrew Vovides sent specimens from a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FB8C3C59CB00FCEF" box="[988,1129,867,893]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FB8C3C59CB00FCEF" box="[988,1129,867,893]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Ceratozamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cone to Michael C. Thomas for identification, who recognized them as multiple undescribed taxa. While Mike was an expert on cucujoid beetles, he had not published on this group of beetles. James Pakaluk, who had recently described species in the group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50F9413CF6CEC5FC74" author="Pakaluk J." box="[273,428,972,998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="447 - 451" refId="ref8505" refString="Pakaluk J. 1988. Review of the New World species of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Languriidae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 36 (2 B): 447 - 451." type="journal article" year="1988">Pakaluk 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), agreed to describe them. However, Pakaluk left entomological work in the late 1990s and the task of describing the new taxa fell back to Thomas. In the early 2000s,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FC463CD5CA65FB9B" author="Wegrzynowicz P." box="[1046,1292,1007,1033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="435 - 504" refId="ref9207" refString="Wegrzynowicz P. 2002. Morphology, phylogeny and classification of the family Erotylidae based on adult characters (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Genus 13 (4): 435 - 504." type="journal article" year="2002">Węgrzynowicz (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FD153CD5CE62FBBE" author="Leschen RAB" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref8239" refString="Leschen RAB. 2003. Erotylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cucujoidea): phylogeny and review. Fauna of New Zealand No. 47. Manaaki Whenua Press; Lincoln, NZ. 103 p." type="book" year="2003">Leschen (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
independently merged several higher taxa into the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FBFF3B2BCB4DFBB9" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[943,1060,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erotylidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FCF43B2BCA29FBB9" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[1188,1344,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FCF43B2BCA29FBB9" box="[1188,1344,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At that time, author PES agreed to help Mike Thomas with the descriptions. With this new enthusiasm additional materials began arriving from cycad researchers, most representing obviously undescribed taxa or presenting taxonomic problems that needed more detailed study before being described. Mike eventually turned the entire project over to PES, who was quickly overwhelmed with the diversity and complexity, but was able to help others describe individual species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50F9A53BFACC67FB49" author="Chaves R & Genaro JA" box="[501,782,1216,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="143 - 150" refId="ref8003" refString="Chaves R, Genaro JA. 2005. A new species of Pharaxonotha (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), probable pollinator of the endangered Cuban cycad, Microcycas calocoma (Zamiaceae). Insecta Mundi 19 (3): 143 - 150." type="journal article" year="2005">Chaves and Genaro 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FB473BFBCB73FB48" author="Franz NM & Skelley PE" box="[791,1050,1216,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="321 - 333" refId="ref8047" refString="Franz NM, Skelley PE. 2008. Pharaxonotha portophylla (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), new species and pollinator of Zamia (Zamiaceae) in Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science 44 (3): 321 - 333." type="journal article" year="2008">Franz and Skelley 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Around 2010, Willie Tang, Guang Xu, and others began work on relationships of cycad pollinating beetles using molecular methods. A team formed and progress on “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50F9D33A3CCD76FAB2" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[387,543,1286,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9D33A3CCD76FAB2" box="[387,543,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” finally started (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FA853A3CCC0DFAB2" author="Skelley P." box="[725,868,1286,1312]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref8623" refString="Skelley P. 2013. Henoticonus bouchardi Grouvelle transferred to Trogocryptoides Champion (Coleoptera: Salpingidae). Insecta Mundi 0281: 1 - 4." type="book chapter" year="2013">Skelley 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FB3E3A3DCB6FFAB3" author="Xu G & Tang W & Skelley P & Liu N & Rich S." box="[878,1030,1286,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="251 - 278" refId="ref9300" refString="Xu G, Tang W, Skelley P, Liu N, Rich S. 2015. Cycadophila, a new genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas debaoensis (Cycadaceae) in Asia. Zootaxa 3986: 251 - 278." type="journal article" year="2015">Xu et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FC403A3CCBBFFAB2" author="Skelley P & Xu G & Tang W & Lindstrom A & Marler T & Khuraijam JS & Singh R & Radha P & Rich S." box="[1040,1238,1286,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref8683" refString="Skelley P, Xu G, Tang W, Lindstrom A, Marler T, Khuraijam JS, Singh R, Radha P, and Rich S. 2017. Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species. Zootaxa 4267: 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="2017">Skelley et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FCB13A3DCAF5FAB2" author="Tang W & Skelley P & Perez-Farrera MA" box="[1249,1436,1286,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="151 - 178" refId="ref8804" refString="Tang W, Skelley P, Perez-Farrera MA. 2018 a. Ceratophila, a new genus of erotylid beetles (Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting male cones of the cycad Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae). Zootaxa 4508: 151 - 178." type="journal article" year="2018">Tang et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50F8903A13CE6FFAD1" author="Tang W & Xu G & O'Brien CW & Calonje M & Franz NM & Johnston MA & Taylor A & Vovides AP & Perez-Farrera MA & Morales SH & Lazcano-Lara JC & Skelley P & Lopez-Gallego C & Lindstrom A & Rich S." box="[192,262,1321,1347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref8849" refString="Tang W, Xu G, O'Brien CW, Calonje M, Franz NM, Johnston MA, Taylor A, Vovides AP, Perez-Farrera MA, Salas- Morales SH, Lazcano-Lara JC, Skelley P, Lopez-Gallego C, Lindstrom A, Rich S. 2018 b. Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses of New World cycad beetles: what they reveal about cycad evolution in the New World. Diversity 10 (38): 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="2018">2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50F9403A13CE21FAD1" author="Tang W & Xu W & Marler T & Khuraijam JS & Singh R & Lindstrom AJ & Radha P & Rich S & Nguyen KS & Skelley P." box="[272,328,1321,1347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref8930" refString="Tang W, Xu W, Marler T, Khuraijam JS, Singh R, Lindstrom AJ, Radha P, Rich S, Nguyen KS, Skelley P. 2020. Beetles (Coleoptera) in cones of cycads (Cycadales) of the northern hemisphere: diversity and evolution. Insecta Mundi 0781: 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50F9023A13CD0FFAD1" author="Skelley P & Segalla R." box="[338,614,1321,1347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="184 - 190" refId="ref8649" refString="Skelley P, Segalla R. 2019. A new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) from central South America. Zootaxa 4590 (1): 184 - 190." type="journal article" year="2019">Skelley and Segalla 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F9503A76CE5EFA5D" blockId="10.[191,1442,867,1487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
After his initial 1990s work, Mike Thomas encouraged and helped others working on this complex genus, until he died in
|
||
<date id="FFEC18D80E0F3D50F9243A55CD78FA1B" box="[372,529,1391,1417]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2019-10">October 2019</date>
|
||
. It is an honor that we recognize Mike’s enthusiasm and encouragement of others to study beetles by naming this species after him. If not for his initial push, a lot of this work would not have happened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3486D930E0F3D50F8903ADACAF7F98F" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED3E180E0F3D50F8903ADACAF7F98F" blockId="10.[192,1440,1504,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F8903ADACE46FA68" bold="true" box="[192,303,1504,1530]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The host for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50F9963ADBCD53FA68" authorityName="Skelley & Tang" authorityYear="2020" box="[454,570,1504,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9963ADBCEBCFA68" box="[454,469,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50F9B23ADACD53FA68" box="[482,570,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FA0B3ADBCC59FA68" box="[603,816,1505,1530]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="onan-reyesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FA0B3ADBCC59FA68" box="[603,816,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Zamia onan-reyesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FB6E3ADACB05FA68" author="Nelson C & Sandoval Gonzales GG" box="[830,1132,1504,1530]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="135 - 136" refId="ref8401" refString="Nelson C, Sandoval Gonzales GG. 2008. Una especie nueva de Zamia (Zamiaceae) de Honduras. Ceiba 49: 135 - 136." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4996F0FA0E0F3D50FB6E3ADACCE6FA68" box="[830,911,1504,1530]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Nelson</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Sandoval 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FC273ADACA1BFA68" author="Schutzman B & Adams R & Haynes JL & Whitelock LM" box="[1143,1394,1504,1530]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref8583" refString="Schutzman B, Adams R, Haynes JL, Whitelock LM. 2008. A new endemic Zamia from Honduras (Cycadales: Zamiaceae). The Cycad Newsletter 31 (2 / 3): 22 - 25." type="journal article" year="2008">Schutzman et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), an arborescent species of the Mesoamerica clade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C52459B0E0F3D50FA8D393ECC4FF98F" box="[733,806,1540,1565]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Zamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926E20A0E0F3D50FA8D393ECC4FF98F" box="[733,806,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Zamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as identified via genetic analysis by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC343E90E0F3D50FCE73939CAF3F98F" author="Calonje M & Meerow AW & Griffith MP & Salas-Leiva D & Vovides AP & Coiro M & Francisco-Ortega J." box="[1207,1434,1539,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="286 - 314" refId="ref7910" refString="Calonje M, Meerow AW, Griffith MP, Salas-Leiva D, Vovides AP, Coiro M, Francisco-Ortega J. 2019. A time-calibrated species tree phylogeny of the New World cycad genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales). International Journal of Plant Sciences 180: 286 - 314." type="journal article" year="2019">Calonje et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |