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<document id="9DD224BDD9C8948E01C510D3D1E9DA55" ID-CLB-Dataset="29095" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b70dedd9-d080-4354-9ced-3928e81c63b6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1457393" ID-ZooBank="ED39FED3-C3B5-4103-BE97-6E3192A15399" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539262450484" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wu, Shipher &amp; Owada, Mamoru" docDate="2018" docId="03F9860FFF80A218CBACFD38FEDE4F93" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4455.3.13.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4455 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hoplodrina obscura Wu &amp; Owada 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="576" masterDocId="FFC0FE77FF85A21DCB3BFFB7FFE64928" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="581" masterPageNumber="571" pageNumber="576" updateTime="1698575785680" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="24E6BEBA34005471D492855259B3DCB7">Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D54DC1FA117C3BA16EB9C227D68F8184">Wu, Shipher</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1FE104B0E50EF93FB29A11B81E03E83">Owada, Mamoru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4E78BDC81859D729DE6072B29C2A625E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FC3C7C7D0CF0A77CC2921BDD62B0831A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6200E965688A9E1ABD1D87F1D9B8138A">2018-08-03</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8256C5A1022855347CD8FC3919FE00AD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.13</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F9860FFF80A218CBACFD38FEDE4F93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6488096" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691327" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6488096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F9860FFF80A218CBACFD38FEDE4F93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9860FFF80A218CBACFD38FEDE4F93" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBACFD38FEB94BE3" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBACFD38FE094B82" blockId="5.[151,495,655,715]" box="[151,495,655,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<heading id="D0A78075FF80A218CBACFD38FE094B82" bold="true" box="[151,495,655,682]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBACFD38FE094B82" bold="true" box="[151,495,655,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CBACFD38FE6C4B81" ID-CoL="976H7" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,394,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBACFD38FE6C4B81" bold="true" box="[151,394,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Hoplodrina obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF80A218CAA9FD27FE094B82" box="[402,495,656,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBACFD05FEB94BE3" blockId="5.[151,495,655,715]" box="[151,351,690,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
(
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CBA4FD05FEE54BE3" box="[159,259,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1777,1800]" captionTargetBox="[246,1325,564,1741]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[246,1343,564,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457395/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 7, 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CA34FD04FECB4BE3" box="[271,301,691,715]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–23" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[290,1296,481,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CA02FD04FEB04BE3" box="[313,342,691,715]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,891,914]" captionTargetBox="[281,1305,193,870]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[281,1305,193,870]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 31–34. Life photos of the Hoplodrina species of Taiwan. 31. H. cienensis sp. nov., female, Ci’en; 32. H. obscura sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 33. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 34. H. bunun sp. nov., male, Aowanda. Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457401/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">32</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBACFD4DFF084A73" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBACFD4DFF084A73" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBACFD4DFEA04A3B" bold="true" box="[151,326,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218CBACFD4DFF344A3B" box="[151,210,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218CA74FD4DFE5C4A3B" box="[335,442,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D56FC90FF80A218CAFDFD4CFE3B4A3A" box="[454,477,763,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218CAD0FD4CFDBC4A3B" box="[491,602,763,787]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4994F9FBFF80A218C95CFD4DFD544A3B" box="[615,690,762,787]" country="Taiwan" name="Miaoli" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Miaoli</collectingRegion>
Co., Guanwu,
<quantity id="4CA89AFCFF80A218C85BFD4CFC5F4A3A" box="[864,953,763,787]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEE11D9FF80A218C8FDFD4CFBB04A3B" box="[966,1110,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" value="2010-09-27">
27
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218C8D9FD4DFC164A3B" bold="true" box="[994,1008,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">–</emphasis>
IX
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CF36FD4DFBFD4A3B" bold="true" box="[1037,1051,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">–</emphasis>
2010
</date>
, leg. S. Wu &amp; W. C. Chang, slide
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF80A218CBECFCA8FEF14A1F" box="[215,279,799,823]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">TFRI</collectionCode>
<date id="FFEE11D9FF80A218CA2CFCA8FE8C4A1F" box="[279,362,799,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" value="41-12-23">122341</date>
, preserved in
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF80A218C92FFCA8FDB24A1E" box="[532,596,799,822]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">TFRI</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218C95FFCA8FD214A1F" box="[612,711,799,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D56FC90FF80A218C9ECFCA8FD1D4A1F" box="[727,763,799,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, same collecting data as the
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218CF6CFCA9FB5A4A1F" box="[1111,1212,798,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, slide
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF80A218CE30FCA8FAAF4A1F" box="[1291,1353,799,823]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">TFRI</collectionCode>
<date id="FFEE11D9FF80A218CE72FCA8FA7A4A1F" box="[1353,1436,799,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" value="12-12-23">122312</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF80A218CBA4FCF4FF044A73" box="[159,226,835,859]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">TFRI</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCFCD1FA7D4D27" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFCD1FA7D4D27" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCFCD1FEA74A57" bold="true" box="[199,321,870,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is unique in external appearance due to the indistinct forewing orbicular and reniform stigmata, the dentate submarginal line rather than straight in other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CF0DFC3CFB404A8B" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1078,1190,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CF0DFC3CFB404A8B" box="[1078,1190,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">implacata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. In the male genitalia,
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CA7EFC18FE244AEE" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[325,450,942,966]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CA7EFC18FE244AEE" box="[325,450,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">H. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218C9A8FC18FCFB4AEE" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[659,797,943,966]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cienensis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218C9A8FC18FCFB4AEE" box="[659,797,943,966]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">H. cienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be separated by the stouter uncus (as that of
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CEBAFC18FEE14AC3" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CEBAFC18FEE14AC3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">H. implacata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) rather than slender; the slightly concave ventral margin of valva rather than valva gradually widen towards subapical part; the absence of conical spine on carina rather than the presence of two small conical spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCFBADFB114F2F" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFBADFA934C23" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCFBADFEBF4D1B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1050,1075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Description.</emphasis>
Adult (
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CA8BFBADFDF44D1B" box="[432,530,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1777,1800]" captionTargetBox="[246,1325,564,1741]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[246,1343,564,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457395/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 7, 8</figureCitation>
)—Forewing length
<quantity id="4CA89AFCFF80A218C9C7FBACFCAA4D1A" box="[764,844,1051,1075]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in males (n= 2). Antenna filiform in male, ciliate in female. Head and thorax covered with ochreous-grey. Forewing ground color grey. Forewing antemedial line dark grey, strong wave-like, medial part tinged with dark grey band, postmedial line dark grey, moderately serrate; orbicular and reniform stigmata indistinct; submarginal line pale ochreous, dentate; cilia and region between submarginal line and outer margin ochreous-grey; outer margin with small triangular dot locating at central part between each vein; marginal line pale ochreous. Hindwing pale ochreous-grey, gradually darken from two third part from base, discal spot dark grey; marginal line pale ochrous; cilia ochreous-grey. Abdomen ochreous-grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFAA1FB114F2F" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CABEFAA1FE3C4C07" box="[389,474,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–23" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[290,1296,481,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
)—Uncus stout, curved toward anterior part, apical part swollen with acute tip. Tegumen moderate in width, peniculus well developed covered with long hair-like scales. Saccus tapered, Vshaped. Valva with costal and ventral margin nearly parallel, medial part of ventral margin slightly excurved; succulus moderate in size, harpe digitiform, straight; corona represented by 6
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CF21FA35FBCE4CB3" bold="true" box="[1050,1064,1410,1435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">–</emphasis>
7 spines. Juxta plate-like, apical margin rounded. Aedeagus about 4/5 length of valva. Carina with three sclerotized bands with ventral part swollen. Vesica with three diverticula, basal one and distal one membranous, medial one covered with short dense spines. Tubular extension of vesica pointing anteriorly when fully swollen. Phallobase protruded anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCF9A5FB464F5B" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCF9A5FB464F5B" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCF9A5FDFC4F03" bold="true" box="[199,538,1554,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218C98BF9A5FCE04F03" box="[688,774,1554,1579]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. This species is distributed in mid-elevation broad-leaved forests of central north
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218CAA5F981FE124F67" box="[414,500,1590,1615]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. The adults were only collected in late September in Guanwu (
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218CF82F980FB0D4F67" box="[1209,1259,1591,1615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">type</typeStatus>
locality) where the whole year fundamental survey was conducted by the first author during
<date id="FFEE11D9FF80A218C8C8F9ECFB7D4F5B" box="[1011,1179,1626,1651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" value="2010" valueMax="2011">2010 and 2011</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCF9C9FEDE4F93" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCF9C9FEDE4F93" blockId="5.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCF9C9FEA84FBF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1662,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Etymology.</emphasis>
Name according to the indistinct forewing maculation that is unique in the
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CF99F9C9FA7A4FBE" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1186,1436,1662,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CF99F9C9FA7A4FBE" box="[1186,1436,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Hoplodrina implacata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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