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<document id="61EF281D0747344534ACE75853E8ED40" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano &amp; Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFFEEFFA09CD60CE3D500FE5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Eudendrium capillare Alder 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F11F71ED93B507438E5B2CAB0C17058E">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="447E50DC1681DA1A8583C941CB1CB543">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4EC3A5B17EA41877F36280CC5B99F41D">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B316EE18DC0D8706F6C89AC2C4D2D16">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEB0C2E0343779F2E5B06109E2A702CD">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4332884283AD80B7CEE2A30FBADD96A2">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7020E6E0667B4F3435622C33FD04C0BE">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BFC5F1F49C2E429007490376072EB92C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3ED5E255724778CBD00D8FC3105631A4">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFFEEFFA09CD60CE3D500FE5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6106964" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6106964" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFFEEFFA09CD60CE3D500FE5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFFEEFFA09CD60CE3D500FE5E" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEEFFA19CD60CE3D5B2FBFD" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19CD60CE3D50EFC12" blockId="24.[151,567,938,998]" box="[151,567,938,964]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0A681A4FFEEFFA19CD60CE3D50EFC12" bold="true" box="[151,567,938,964]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFEEFFA19CD60CE3D50EFC12" ID-CoL="6H73L" authority="Alder, 1856" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,567,938,964]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capillare">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19CD60CE3D50EFC12" bold="true" box="[151,567,938,964]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19CD60CE3D698FC12" bold="true" box="[151,417,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eudendrium capillare</emphasis>
Alder, 1856
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19CD60C84D623FC30" blockId="24.[151,567,938,998]" box="[151,282,973,998]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFFEEFFA19CD60C84D7DAFC30" box="[151,227,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1398,1420]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,452,1374]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[199,1388,447,1376]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 15. Eudendrium capillare: A, general view of a colony; B, hydranth; C, male blastostyle; D, female blastostyle, E, intact and discharged microbasic euryteles, intact and discharged haplonemes (A, B, C, D drawn by C. G. Di Camillo; E drawn by A. Gennari). Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, D, 0.2 mm; E, 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242744/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
A–E
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19CD60B5CD5B2FBFD" blockId="24.[151,651,1045,1067]" box="[151,651,1045,1067]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
See
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19C830B5CD644FBFD" author="Schuchert" box="[194,381,1045,1067]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (4), 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">Schuchert (2008b)</bibRefCitation>
for a complete synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEEFFA19CD60B1ED2ACFBA6" box="[151,1429,1111,1136]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19CD60B1ED2ACFBA6" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" box="[151,1429,1111,1136]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19CD60B1ED6B9FBA6" bold="true" box="[151,384,1111,1136]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</emphasis>
HCUS-S 0 18 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEEFFA19C860B35D578F8B3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C860B35D3C9FB42" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" box="[199,1264,1148,1173]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C860B35D668FB43" bold="true" box="[199,337,1148,1173]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description</emphasis>
(based on our own observations;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19E8A0B34D484FB43" author="Marques" box="[715,957,1148,1173]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Marques, A. C., Cantero, A. L. P. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000 a) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, 252 (2), 197 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0952836900009936" type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">
Marques
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19F750B34D45DFB43" box="[820,868,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2000a
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19F800B35D4E9FB43" author="Marques" box="[961,976,1148,1173]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Marques, A. C., Mergner, H., Hoinghaus, R., Santos, C. M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2000 b) Morphological study and taxonomical notes on Eudendriidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecatae / Anthomedusae). Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 74 (5), 75 - 118." type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19F9A0B35D3A2FB43" author="Schuchert" box="[987,1179,1148,1173]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (4), 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">Schuchert 2008b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA198E70B35D3DAFB42" author="Schuchert" box="[1190,1251,1148,1172]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012) Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, i - viii, 364 pp." type="book" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C860BD6D652F9F6" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C860BD6D60AFB6E" bold="true" box="[199,307,1183,1208]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hydroid.</emphasis>
Hydrorhiza stolonal; colonies erect, small and slender, up to
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFFEEFFA19FB30BE9D313FB61" box="[1010,1066,1184,1208]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
high; hydrocauli monosiphonic, irregularly to more or less alternately branched, perisarc thicker basally and becoming thinner towards distal end, terminating at groove around base of hydranths, with several annulations basally on hydrocladia and pedicels of hydranths, but also with irregularly placed annulations elsewhere; hydrocladia in turn alternately to irregularly branched; hydranths on long and bent pedicels; hypostome large and flared; about 20 (15–24 range) filiform tentacles with tentacular nematocysts confined to proximal 3/4 of tentacles, arranged in regular rings. Gonophores as fixed sporosacs, borne on hydranths, females in a whorl on hydranths with partially atrophied tentacles, spadix unbranched, curving over egg, 5–
<specimenCount id="9D57FD41FFEEFFA19E540AD5D509FA63" box="[533,560,1436,1461]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="egg">12</specimenCount>
eggs per blastostyle; males borne like tuft on blastostyle without tentacles at all stages, 12–15 and more per blastostyle, with up to 3 chambers each, terminal one with an apical tubercle, on atrophied polyps. Colours: perisarc yellowish to transparent; hydranths either not much coloured, cream to light rose-orange or red.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C860965D24DF9BE" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C860965D602F993" bold="true" box="[199,315,1580,1605]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cnidome.</emphasis>
Microbasic euryteles (6.7–7.6 x 2.5–3.2 µm), one end tapering, not concentrated in a basal ring; isorhiza capsules with two blunt ends, same size as euryteles, numbers present rather variable, may be missing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C86093DD266F966" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C86093DD65FF95B" bold="true" box="[199,358,1652,1677]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Habitat
<typeStatus id="54EA886AFFEEFFA19D6D093DD658F95B" box="[300,353,1652,1677]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Occurs usually from
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFFEEFFA19E22093DD5ECF95A" box="[611,725,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="0.0">0 to 80 m</quantity>
depth, grows on variety of solid substrata (rocky cliffs, hardbottom, coralligenous, semi-dark cave), and other animals and algae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19FE309D1D3B4F966" author="Boero" box="[930,1165,1687,1712]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi, 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA198D809DED26DF966" author="Schuchert" box="[1177,1364,1687,1712]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012) Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, i - viii, 364 pp." type="book" year="2012">Schuchert, 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C8609F5D371F903" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" box="[199,1096,1724,1749]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C8609F5D678F903" bold="true" box="[199,321,1724,1749]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Substrate.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFEEFFA19D0909F5D683F903" box="[328,442,1724,1749]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19D0909F5D683F903" box="[328,442,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Posidonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rhizomes, algae, hydroids, bryozoans, mussels, barnacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C860996D272F8CB" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C860996D66DF92E" bold="true" box="[199,340,1759,1784]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seasonality.</emphasis>
Along the Mediterranean French coast (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19F7F0996D4DFF92E" author="Stechow" box="[830,998,1759,1784]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
) from April to May, August; in the Ligurian Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19D74084DD520F8CB" author="Boero" box="[309,537,1796,1821]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Puce
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19E23084CD5A2F8CB" box="[610,667,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2009) present throughout the year; May–August (this study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C86086ED578F8B3" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C86086ED6FDF896" bold="true" box="[199,452,1831,1856]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
From April to November, but the reproductive period is likely longer than indicated by these intervals (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19D320805D50CF8B3" author="Schuchert" box="[371,565,1868,1893]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (4), 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">Schuchert 2008b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEEFFA19C860826D4CDF823" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C860826D574F87B" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C860826D659F85E" bold="true" box="[199,352,1903,1928]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
Eastern and western Atlantic, Indian Ocean, eastern and western Pacific (Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA1995B0838D274F85E" box="[1306,1357,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2004;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19CD608DDD64DF87A" author="Gravili" box="[151,372,1940,1965]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19CAC08DCD61CF87B" box="[237,293,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2008a
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19D3E08DDD578F87B" author="Schuchert" box="[383,577,1940,1965]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Schuchert, P. (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (4), 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">Schuchert 2008b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEEFFA19C8608F1D4CDF823" blockId="24.[151,1436,1111,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA19C8608F1D68FF807" bold="true" box="[199,438,1976,2001]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
Common at: S.ta Caterina, La Strea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA19F3208F1D320F806" author="Presicce" box="[883,1049,1976,2001]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Presicce, M. M. (1991) Gli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) del litorale salentino. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 143 pp." type="book" year="1991">Presicce 1991</bibRefCitation>
); Costa Merlata (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFEEFFA198A408F1D7EDF822" author="Fraschetti" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Fraschetti, S., Giangrande, A., Terlizzi, A., Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L. &amp; Boero, F. (2002) Spatio-temporal variation of hydroids and polychaetes associated with Cystoseira amentacea (Fucales: Phaeophyceae). Marine Biology, 140 (5), 949 - 957. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 001 - 0770 - 9" type="journal article" year="2002">
Fraschetti
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEEFFA1992108F0D2ACF807" box="[1376,1429,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2002
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); Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
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Gravili
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; this study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEFFFA09C860FDED648FF02" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEFFFA09C860FDED648FF02" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEFFFA09C860FDED602FF66" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks.</emphasis>
See
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Marques
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEFFFA09DB70FD0D501FF66" box="[502,568,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
(2000a)
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concerning the validity of the records of this species in the Medìterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFEFFFA09C860F96D500FE5E" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFEFFFA09C860F96D500FE5E" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFEFFFA09C860F96D669FF2E" bold="true" box="[199,336,223,248]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">References.</emphasis>
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,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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