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<document id="254903D479C70C78237943DCA5858BB6" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano &amp; Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF81FFC19CD60BCFD420F966" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Mitrocoma annae Haeckel 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A9128F40CB239A07E969885ABB5814D9">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="858EA00E609C563032746F26F3F4AC71">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ABC86DDF6AD095C2F0581F107D76711C">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84F59AC872EA51C97A871606F4E436CD">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="57A4A95CC27FF4D9B6252B1C73F83DB1">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8625CBCD2108A3FE910FEDC76C38D83B">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49F5EC0BD65AE8B1C9E6CE261711823D">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5906911D419AFE7232CB9623CBE5B766">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7AD42449D867F1672EEF7C480566641F">3908</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFF81FFC19CD60BCFD420F966" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107143" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107143" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFF81FFC19CD60BCFD420F966" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFF81FFC19CD60BCFD420F966" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF81FFCE9CD60BCFD559FAD1" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9CD60BCFD51DFB76" blockId="119.[151,548,1158,1218]" box="[151,548,1158,1184]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<heading id="D0A681A4FF81FFCE9CD60BCFD51DFB76" bold="true" box="[151,548,1158,1184]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF81FFCE9CD60BCFD51DFB76" ID-CoL="43R9L" authority="Haeckel, 1864" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,548,1158,1184]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Mitrocomidae" genus="Mitrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="annae">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9CD60BCFD51DFB76" bold="true" box="[151,548,1158,1184]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9CD60BCFD656FB76" bold="true" box="[151,367,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Mitrocoma annae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9D370BCFD51DFB76" author="Haeckel" box="[374,548,1158,1184]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Haeckel, E. (1864) Beschreibung neuer Craspedoter Medusen aus dem Golfe von Nizza. Jena. Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Naturwissenschaftlich, 1, 326 - 342." type="journal article" year="1864">Haeckel, 1864</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9CD60BE0D625FB14" blockId="119.[151,548,1158,1218]" box="[151,284,1193,1218]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF81FFCE9CD60BE0D7DDFB14" box="[151,228,1193,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 85" captionStartId="120.[151,250,1308,1330]" captionTargetBox="[450,1132,374,1280]" captionTargetId="figure@120.[444,1142,373,1287]" captionTargetPageId="120" captionText="FIGURE 85. Mitrocoma annae: A, general view of a colony; B, hydrothecae; C, part of colony with hydrotheca and gonotheca; D, newly liberated medusa (drawn by F. Boero). Scale bars: B, 0.1 mm; C, 250 µm; D, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242814/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
A–D
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9CD60BB8D559FAD1" blockId="119.[151,608,1265,1287]" box="[151,608,1265,1287]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
See
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9C830BBBD668FAD1" author="Kramp" box="[194,337,1265,1287]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400007347" type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp (1961)</bibRefCitation>
for a complete synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF81FFCE9CD60A7DD688FAA6" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9CD60A7DD688FAA6" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9CD60A7DD6B4FA9B" bold="true" box="[151,397,1332,1357]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Material examined.</emphasis>
HCUS-S 0 93 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula)—polyp stage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF81FFC19C860A35D43BFA47" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C860A35D4F3FA43" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" box="[199,970,1404,1429]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C860A35D668FA43" bold="true" box="[199,337,1404,1429]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Description</emphasis>
(based on our own observations; Kramp 1932a, 1957b):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C860AD6D6A7F946" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C860AD6D60AFA6E" bold="true" box="[199,307,1439,1464]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Hydroid.</emphasis>
Hydrorhiza linear, creeping; colony stolonal; hydranths with conical hypostome; 12–16 filiform tentacles in a single whorl, without basal intertentacular membranous web; hydrothecae
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF81FFCE98A90A8DD258FA0B" box="[1256,1377,1476,1501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulinidae" genus="Cuspidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE98A90A8DD258FA0B" box="[1256,1377,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Cuspidella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like, cylindrical, wide, elongated, sessile, arising at irregular intervals from hydrorhiza; operculum pyramidal, with numerous sharp, pointed, triangular flaps meeting centrally, with no clear limits with the hydrotheca. Gonothecae scarcely pedicellate, on hydrorhiza, four times larger than the hydrotheca, with numerous sharp, pointed, triangular flaps meeting centrally, with few medusae (2–3) per gonotheca (F. Boero unpublished observations on material from the Ligurian Sea).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C8609D5D2B1F962" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" box="[199,1416,1692,1717]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C8609D5D65DF963" bold="true" box="[199,356,1692,1717]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Habitat
<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF81FFCE9D6B09D5D666F963" box="[298,351,1692,1717]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">type</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Rocky and/or biogenic banks (depth range:
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF81FFCE9F1409D5D492F962" box="[853,939,1692,1716]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" unit="m" value="45.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="0.0">0–90 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9F8309D5D395F963" author="Boero" box="[962,1196,1692,1717]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi, 1986</bibRefCitation>
; Morri
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE994109D4D200F963" box="[1280,1337,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
1999).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C8609F6D512F90E" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" box="[199,555,1727,1752]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C8609F6D678F90E" bold="true" box="[199,321,1727,1752]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Substrate.</emphasis>
Algae and hydroids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C8609ADD6CCF893" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C8609ADD66DF92B" bold="true" box="[199,340,1764,1789]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Seasonality.</emphasis>
September–February (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9E1409ADD401F92B" author="Boero" box="[597,824,1764,1789]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
) in the Ligurian Sea; January–February (Brinckmann-
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9CD60841D635F8F6" author="Voss" box="[151,268,1800,1824]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1987) Seasonal distribution of hydromedusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Gulf of Naples and vicinity, with observations on sexual and asexual reproduction in some species. In: Bouillon, J., Boero, F., Cicogna, F. &amp; Cornelius, P. F. S. (Eds.), Modern trends in the Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Hydroids and Hydromedusae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 133 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1987">Voss 1987</bibRefCitation>
) in the Tyrrhenian Sea; October–November (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9F4D084ED49AF8F6" author="Denitto" box="[780,931,1799,1824]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Denitto, F. (1996) Etologia alimentare e cicli vitali di alcune specie di Hydroidomedusae: Anthomedusae / Filifera e Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa). Degree Thesis, Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 176 pp." type="book" year="1996">Denitto 1996</bibRefCitation>
) in the Ionian Sea; September (Mastrototaro
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9CD60864D7F6F893" box="[151,207,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
2010); March (this study)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFCE9C860806D334F8BE" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" box="[199,1037,1871,1896]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C860806D6FDF8BE" bold="true" box="[199,452,1871,1896]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
February (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF81FFCE9E7F0819D419F8BE" author="Boero" box="[574,800,1871,1896]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
) in the Ligurian Sea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF81FFC19C86083DD546FF03" blockId="119.[151,1437,1332,2005]" lastBlockId="120.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF81FFCE9C86083DD614F85B" bold="true" box="[199,301,1908,1933]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Medusa.</emphasis>
Adult. Umbrella flatter than a hemisphere,
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF81FFCE9F58083DD4ABF85A" box="[793,914,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40 mm</quantity>
wide, mesoglea thick; manubrium very small,
<date id="FFEF1008FF81FFCE9CD608D1D7C2F866" box="[151,251,1944,1968]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" value="2010-01-08" valueMax="2010-01-01" valueMin="2010-01-08">1/8–1/10</date>
of umbrella diameter; mouth lips fairly short; radial canals and circular canal narrow; gonads linear, sinuous, along distal 1/2–3/4 of radial canals, not reaching circular canal, with a median division; 60–100 conical marginal bulbs; each marginal bulb with one wrinkled marginal tentacle; 3–8 marginal cirri between successive marginal tentacles; 60–100 open statocysts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860F96D21CFE96" blockId="120.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Developmental stages. New born medusa with umbrella almost spherical, manubrium very small, 1/3 of subumbrellar cavity, 4 mouth lips; 4 radial canals; 4 perradial tentacular bulbs (2 largers than the others); 4 perradial tentacles (2 longer than the others); 4 cirri between successive marginal tentacles; 4 statocysts.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2E6640FF8EFFC19CD60A55D3ECFA87" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242814/files/figure.png" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" targetBox="[450,1132,374,1280]" targetPageId="120">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19CD60A55D3ECFA87" blockId="120.[151,1436,1308,1361]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19CD60A55D61CFAE7" bold="true" box="[151,293,1308,1330]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">FIGURE 85.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8EFFC19D700A54D6D3FAE4" box="[305,490,1309,1330]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Mitrocomidae" genus="Mitrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="annae">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19D700A54D6D3FAE4" box="[305,490,1309,1330]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Mitrocoma annae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19DBC0A55D536FAE7" bold="true" box="[509,527,1308,1329]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">A</emphasis>
, general view of a colony;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19F070A55D46EFAE7" bold="true" box="[838,855,1308,1329]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">B</emphasis>
, hydrothecae;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19FB90A55D333FAE4" bold="true" box="[1016,1034,1308,1330]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">C</emphasis>
, part of colony with hydrotheca and gonotheca;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19D4D0A72D627FA86" bold="true" box="[268,286,1339,1360]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">D</emphasis>
, newly liberated medusa (drawn by F. Boero). Scale bars: B, 0.1 mm; C, 250 µm; D, 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860A31D43BFA47" blockId="120.[151,1436,1400,1713]" box="[199,770,1400,1425]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19C860A31D602FA47" bold="true" box="[199,315,1400,1425]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Cnidome.</emphasis>
Atrichous and basitrichous haplonemes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8EFFC19C860AD5D3F1FA2B" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860AD5D395FA63" blockId="120.[151,1436,1400,1713]" box="[199,1196,1436,1461]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19C860AD5D659FA63" bold="true" box="[199,352,1436,1461]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</emphasis>
Endemic of Mediterranean Sea (Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19F7D0AD4D44DFA63" box="[828,884,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2004;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19F830AD5D399FA63" author="Gravili" box="[962,1184,1436,1461]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC198590AD4D370FA63" box="[1048,1097,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al</emphasis>
. 2008a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860A89D3F1FA2B" blockId="120.[151,1436,1400,1713]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19C860A89D694FA0F" bold="true" box="[199,429,1472,1497]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
Rare at: S.ta Maria al Bagno (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19F410A89D4AEFA0F" author="Denitto" box="[768,919,1472,1497]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Denitto, F. (1996) Etologia alimentare e cicli vitali di alcune specie di Hydroidomedusae: Anthomedusae / Filifera e Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa). Degree Thesis, Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 176 pp." type="book" year="1996">Denitto 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19FE20A89D3B3FA0E" author="Miglietta" box="[931,1162,1472,1497]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L., Denitto, F., Gravili, C., Pagliara, P., Bouillon, J. &amp; Boero, F. (2000) Approaches to the ethology of hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. &amp; Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 63 - 71. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 163" type="journal article" year="2000">
Miglietta
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC198510A88D371FA0F" box="[1040,1096,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
; Gravili 2006;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC199730A89D63DFA2B" author="Gravili" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC199C90A88D794FA2B" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al</emphasis>
. 2008a
</bibRefCitation>
); Porto Cesareo (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19D820AADD585FA2B" author="Faucci" box="[451,700,1508,1533]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Faucci, A. &amp; Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. &amp; Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci &amp; Boero 2000</bibRefCitation>
); S. Maria di Leuca (Mastrototaro
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC198010AACD341FA2B" box="[1088,1144,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2010).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8EFFC19C860941D608F993" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860941D608F993" blockId="120.[151,1436,1400,1713]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19C860941D602F9F7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1544,1569]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19D020941D501F9F7" author="Metschnikoff" box="[323,568,1544,1569]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Metschnikoff, E. (1886 a) Medusologische Mittheilungen. Arbeiten aus dem zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 6, 237 - 266." type="journal article" year="1886" yearSuffix="a">Metschnikoff (1886a)</bibRefCitation>
reared the hydroid of this medusa. Gonothecae and medusae not seen in the present study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8EFFC19C860919D420F966" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8EFFC19C860919D420F966" blockId="120.[151,1436,1400,1713]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19C860919D669F9BF" bold="true" box="[199,336,1616,1641]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">References.</emphasis>
Kramp (1932a, 1957b, 1961),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19EEF0918D49DF9BF" author="Boero" box="[686,932,1616,1641]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Boero, F. &amp; Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero &amp; Fresi (1986)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19FF10919D3F4F9BE" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[944,1229,1616,1641]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1987) Seasonal distribution of hydromedusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Gulf of Naples and vicinity, with observations on sexual and asexual reproduction in some species. In: Bouillon, J., Boero, F., Cicogna, F. &amp; Cornelius, P. F. S. (Eds.), Modern trends in the Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Hydroids and Hydromedusae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 133 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1987">Brinckmann-Voss (1987)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC198980919D7DAF95B" author="Benovic" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Benovic, A. &amp; Lucic, D. (1996) Comparison of hydromedusae findings in the northern and southern Adriatic Sea. In: Piraino, S., Boero, F., Bouillon, J., Cornelius, P. F. S. &amp; Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Advances in Hydrozoan Biology. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), pp. 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="1996">Benović &amp; Lučić (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, Morri &amp; Bianchi (1999),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19E5F093DD408F95B" author="Faucci" box="[542,817,1652,1677]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Faucci, A. &amp; Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. &amp; Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci &amp; Boero (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19FED093CD4D0F95B" box="[940,1001,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
(2004), Gravili (2006),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19947093DD7C9F966" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. &amp; Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article">
Gravili
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19921093CD2ACF95B" box="[1376,1429,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al</emphasis>
. (2008a)
</bibRefCitation>
, Mastrototaro
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19DD509D0D6F5F967" box="[404,460,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
(2010),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8EFFC19E6A09D1D42CF966" box="[555,789,1688,1713]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refString="Bianchi, C. N., Dando, P. R. &amp; Morri, C. (2011) Increased diversity of sessile epibenthos at subtidal hydrothermal vents: seven hypotheses based on observations at Milos Island, Aegean Sea. Advances in Oceanography and Limnology, 2 (1), 1 - 31. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 19475721.2011.565804" type="journal article">
Bianchi
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8EFFC19EC809D0D5FBF967" box="[649,706,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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